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Haroyan-Darbinyan E, Romeo-Rubio M, Río-Highsmith JD, Lynch CD, Castillo-Oyagüe R. 'Thermo-mechanical behavior of alternative material combinations for full-arch implant-supported hybrid prostheses with short cantilevers'. J Dent 2023; 132:104470. [PMID: 36842624 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare the fracture resistance (FR) of three combinations of materials for full-arch maxillary implant-supported hybrid prostheses (HPs) with short cantilevers (≤ 10 mm). METHODS Maxillary HPs were fabricated and classified as follows (n = 5 each): Group-1 (CC-A, control): acrylic-resin-veneered Co-Cr frameworks; Group-2 (CF-A): acrylic-resin-veneered carbon-fiber mesostructures; and Group-3 (CF-R): composite-resin-veneered carbon-fiber frames. Specimens were thermal-cycled (5,000 cycles; 5 °C-55 °C; dwell time: 30 s). Vertical loads were applied until failure, first at the 10-mm-long cantilever (LC), and, afterwards, at the anterior region (AR), using a universal testing machine (crosshead speed: 0.05 mm/s). The fracture pattern was assessed by stereomicroscope and SEM. The one-way ANOVA, the Bonferroni, and the independent samples t tests, were run (α= 0.05). RESULTS At LC, CF-A, and CC-A samples exhibited the highest FR values (p< 0.001), showing no differences to each other. At AR, CC-A specimens recorded the highest FR, followed by CF-A samples (p< 0.001). CF-R HPs displayed the lowest FR at both locations (p< 0.001). The only group with differences between the tested sites was the CC-A, the AR being more resistant (p< 0.001). Most CC-A and CF-A HPs failed cohesively. CF-R prostheses mainly failed adhesively. CONCLUSIONS Maxillary HPs with short cantilevers (≤ 10 mm) made of Co-Cr or carbon-fiber veneered with acrylic resin demonstrated an adequate mechanical resistance (> 900 N). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE For maxillary HPs with cantilevers up to 10 mm, acrylic-veneered carbon- fiber mesostructures may be recommended, whereas coating carbon-fiber frames with composite resin seems not suitable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Romeo-Rubio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid (U.C.M.), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Christopher D Lynch
- University Dental School & Hospital/ University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland
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Haroyan-Darbinyan E, Romeo-Rubio M, Río-Highsmith JD, Lynch CD, Castillo-Oyagüe R. Fracture resistance of cantilevered full-arch implant-supported hybrid prostheses with carbon fiber frameworks after thermal cycling. J Dent 2021; 116:103902. [PMID: 34822914 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2021.103902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This in vitro study aimed to find the best combination of mesostructure and veneering materials for full-arch implant-supported hybrid prostheses (HPs) in terms of the fracture resistance (FR) of their cantilevers. METHODS Three groups (n = 5 each) of maxillary HPs were fabricated: Group-1 (CC-A, control): Co-Cr frameworks coated with acrylic resin; Group-2 (CF-A): carbon fiber veneered with acrylic resin; and Group-3 (CF-R): carbon fiber coated with composite resin. All specimens were submitted to 5,000 thermal cycles (5 °C - 55 °C, dwell time: 30 s), and subjected to a single cantilever bending test in a universal testing machine (crosshead speed: 0.5 mm/min) until failure. The fracture pattern was assessed using stereo microscope and SEM. The one-way ANOVA and Bonferroni tests were run (α= 0.05). RESULTS The FR yielded significant differences among the three groups (p< 0.001). CC-A samples reached the highest FR values (p ≤ 0.001), whereas both CF-A and CF-R HPs exhibited the comparably (p = 0.107) lowest FR. CC-A specimens failed cohesively (100%): mostly without chipping (80%). CF-A mesostructures were always broken at the connections of the distal implants. CF-R prostheses often failed adhesively (80%). CONCLUSIONS The HPs made of Co-Cr veneered with acrylic demonstrated the best mechanical behavior, being the only group whose 13-mm long cantilevers exceeded the clinically acceptable FR of 900 N. The HPs constructed with carbon fiber frameworks showed, additionally, more unfavorable fracture patterns. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE For HPs with cantilevers up to 13 mm, Co-Cr mesostructures coated with acrylic may represent the optimum combination of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marta Romeo-Rubio
- Faculty of Dentistry, Complutense University of Madrid (U.C.M.), Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Christopher D Lynch
- University Dental School & Hospital/University College Cork, Wilton, Cork, Ireland.
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PEREA-LOWERY L, GIBREEL M, VALLITTU PK, LASSILA L. Characterization of the mechanical properties of CAD/CAM polymers for interim fixed restorations. Dent Mater J 2020; 39:319-325. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2019-042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leila PEREA-LOWERY
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center–TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Mona GIBREEL
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center–TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
| | - Pekka K. VALLITTU
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center–TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
- City of Turku Welfare Division, Oral Health Care
| | - Lippo LASSILA
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Turku Clinical Biomaterials Center–TCBC, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku
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Yilmaz B, Batak B, Seghi RR. Failure analysis of high performance polymers and new generation cubic zirconia used for implant-supported fixed, cantilevered prostheses. Clin Implant Dent Relat Res 2019; 21:1132-1139. [PMID: 31642185 DOI: 10.1111/cid.12844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The load-to-failure performance of computer-assisted design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) high performance polymers (HPP) and new generation cubic zirconia (Zir) material when used with titanium (Ti) bases for implant-supported fixed prostheses with cantilevers is unknown. PURPOSE To evaluate the load-to-failure performance of different CAD-CAM fabricated HPP and a new generation cubic Zir in a cantilevered situation when used with Ti bases. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five specimens with a Ti base and five specimens without Ti bases were fabricated from seven different CAD-CAM HPPs (100% PEEK [J and CP], 80% PEEK with 20% filler [BRE], 80% PEKK with 20% filler [PK], ceramic reinforced PEEK [ZZ], interlaced fiberglass and resin [TR], fiber-composite material [T]). Five specimens with Ti base and two specimens without Ti base were prepared from a new generation cubic Zir (DD) and a 3Y-TZP Zir (FZR) as the control group (N = 84). All specimens (8 × 7 × 30 mm) were stabilized using a clamp attached to the first 20 mm of each specimen for a 10 mm cantilever. Static loading was applied vertically on the cantilever and the maximum load-to-failure values (N) were analyzed using a two-way ANOVA and t-test (alpha = .05). RESULTS HPP and Zir specimens without Ti bases had significantly higher load-to-failure values than Ti based ones in all groups (P < .05). PK with Ti base had significantly lower load-to-failure values than other materials (P < .001). FZR showed significantly higher load-to-failure values than all HPPs and DD (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Load-to-failure values of HPPs and Zir were lower when Ti bases were used. New generation cubic Zir and all HPPs had lower load-to-failure values than FZR. HPPs performance varied among tested materials. PEKK with Ti base had the lowest load-to-failure value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Yilmaz
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Burcu Batak
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Robert R Seghi
- Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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Mangal U, Kim JY, Seo JY, Kwon JS, Choi SH. Novel Poly(Methyl Methacrylate) Containing Nanodiamond to Improve the Mechanical Properties and Fungal Resistance. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12203438. [PMID: 31640147 PMCID: PMC6829541 DOI: 10.3390/ma12203438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Herein we evaluate the effect of nanodiamond (ND) incorporation on the mechanical properties of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanocomposite. Three quantities of ND (0.1, 0.3, and 0.5 wt.%) were tested against the control and zirconium oxide nanoparticles (ZrO). Flexural strength and elastic modulus were measured using a three-point bending test, surface hardness was evaluated using the Vickers hardness test, and surface roughness was evaluated using atomic force microscopy (AFM), while fungal adhesion and viability were studied using Candida albicans. Samples were also analyzed for biofilm thickness and biomass in a saliva-derived biofilm model. All groups of ND-PMMA nanocomposites had significantly greater mean flexural strengths and statistically improved elastic modulus, compared to the control and ZrO groups (P < 0.001). The Vickers hardness values significantly increased compared to the control group (P < 0.001) with 0.3% and 0.5% ND. ND addition also gave significant reduction in fungal adhesion and viability (P < 0.001) compared to the control group. Finally, salivary biofilm formation was markedly reduced compared to the ZrO group. Hence, the incorporation of 0.1–0.5 wt.% ND with auto- polymerized PMMA resin significantly improved the flexural strength, elastic modulus, and surface hardness, and provided considerable fungal resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utkarsh Mangal
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Ji-Yeong Kim
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Ji-Young Seo
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea.
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Yilmaz B, Alp G, Seidt J, Johnston WM, Vitter R, McGlumphy EA. Fracture analysis of CAD-CAM high-density polymers used for interim implant-supported fixed, cantilevered prostheses. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:79-84. [PMID: 29310879 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2017.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Revised: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM The load-to-fracture performance of computer-assisted design and computer-assisted manufacturing (CAD-CAM) high-density polymer (HDP) materials in cantilevers is unknown. PURPOSE The purposes of this in vitro study were to evaluate the load-to-fracture performance of CAD-CAM-fabricated HDPs and to compare that with performance of autopolymerized and injection-molded acrylic resins. MATERIAL AND METHODS Specimens from 8 different brands of CAD-CAM HDPs, including Brylic Solid (BS); Brylic Gradient (BG); AnaxCAD Temp EZ (AE); AnaxCAD Temp Plus (AP); Zirkonzahn Temp Basic (Z); GDS Tempo-CAD (GD); Polident (Po); Merz M-PM-Disc (MAT); an autopolymerized acrylic resin, Imident (Conv) and an injection-molded acrylic resin, SR-IvoBase High Impact (Inj) were evaluated for load-to-fracture analysis (n=5). CAD-CAM specimens were milled from poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) blocks measuring 7 mm in buccolingual width, 8 mm in occlusocervical thickness, and 30 mm in length. A wax pattern was prepared in the same dimensions used for CAD-CAM specimens, flasked, and boiled out. Autopolymerizing acrylic resin was packed and polymerized in a pressure container for 30 minutes. An identical wax pattern was flasked and boiled out, and premeasured capsules were injected (SR-IvoBase) and polymerized under hydraulic pressure for 35 minutes for the injection-molded PMMA. Specimens were thermocycled 5000 times (5°C to 55°C) and fixed to a universal testing machine to receive static loads on the 10-mm cantilever, vertically at a 1 mm/min crosshead speed until fracture occurred. Maximum load-to-fracture values were recorded. ANOVA was used to analyze the maximum force values. Significant differences among materials were analyzed by using the Ryan-Einot-Gabriel-Welsch multiple range test (α=.05). RESULTS Statistically significant differences were found among load-to-fracture values of different HDPs (P<.001). GD and Po materials had significantly higher load-to-fracture values than other materials (P<.001), and no statistically significant differences were found between GD and Po. The lowest load-to-fracture values were observed for autopolymerized and BG materials, which were significantly lower than those of GD, Po, AE, AP, Z, MAT, Inj, and BS. The load-to-fracture value of autopolymerized acrylic resin was not significantly different from that of BG CAD-CAM polymer. CONCLUSIONS GD and Po CAD-CAM materials had the highest load-to-fracture values. AE, AP, Z, MAT, and BS CAD-CAM polymers and injection-molded acrylic resin had similar load-to-fracture values, which were higher than those of BG and autopolymerized acrylic resin. Autopolymerized acrylic resin load-to-fracture value was similar to that of BG CAD-CAM polymer, which is colored in a gradient pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burak Yilmaz
- Associate Professor, Division of Restorative Science and Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Gülce Alp
- Former Visiting Professor, The Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Restorative Science and Prosthodontics, Columbus, Ohio; and Assistant Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Okan University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jeremy Seidt
- Research Scientist, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - William M Johnston
- Professor Emeritus, Division of General Practice and Materials Science, The Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Edwin A McGlumphy
- Professor, Division of Restorative Science and Prosthodontics, The Ohio State University, College of Dentistry, Columbus, Ohio
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