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Chen A, Deng S, Lai J, Li J, Chen W, Varma SN, Zhang J, Lei C, Liu C, Huang L. Hydrogels for Oral Tissue Engineering: Challenges and Opportunities. Molecules 2023; 28:3946. [PMID: 37175356 PMCID: PMC10179962 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral health is crucial to daily life, yet many people worldwide suffer from oral diseases. With the development of oral tissue engineering, there is a growing demand for dental biomaterials. Addressing oral diseases often requires a two-fold approach: fighting bacterial infections and promoting tissue growth. Hydrogels are promising tissue engineering biomaterials that show great potential for oral tissue regeneration and drug delivery. In this review, we present a classification of hydrogels commonly used in dental research, including natural and synthetic hydrogels. Furthermore, recent applications of these hydrogels in endodontic restorations, periodontal tissues, mandibular and oral soft tissue restorations, and related clinical studies are also discussed, including various antimicrobial and tissue growth promotion strategies used in the dental applications of hydrogels. While hydrogels have been increasingly studied in oral tissue engineering, there are still some challenges that need to be addressed for satisfactory clinical outcomes. This paper summarizes the current issues in the abovementioned application areas and discusses possible future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anfu Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London HA4 4LP, UK
| | - Shuhua Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
| | - Jindi Lai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
| | - Jing Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
| | - Weijia Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
| | - Swastina Nath Varma
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London HA4 4LP, UK
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
| | - Caihong Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (A.C.)
| | - Chaozong Liu
- Institute of Orthopaedics and Musculoskeletal Science, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, London HA4 4LP, UK
| | - Lijia Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Hospital of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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Atia GAN, Shalaby HK, Ali NG, Morsy SM, Ghobashy MM, Attia HAN, Barai P, Nady N, Kodous AS, Barai HR. New Challenges and Prospective Applications of Three-Dimensional Bioactive Polymeric Hydrogels in Oral and Craniofacial Tissue Engineering: A Narrative Review. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:702. [PMID: 37242485 PMCID: PMC10224377 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative medicine, and dentistry offers enormous potential for enhancing treatment results and has been fueled by bioengineering breakthroughs over the previous few decades. Bioengineered tissues and constructing functional structures capable of healing, maintaining, and regenerating damaged tissues and organs have had a broad influence on medicine and dentistry. Approaches for combining bioinspired materials, cells, and therapeutic chemicals are critical in stimulating tissue regeneration or as medicinal systems. Because of its capacity to maintain an unique 3D form, offer physical stability for the cells in produced tissues, and replicate the native tissues, hydrogels have been utilized as one of the most frequent tissue engineering scaffolds during the last twenty years. Hydrogels' high water content can provide an excellent conditions for cell viability as well as an architecture that mimics real tissues, bone, and cartilage. Hydrogels have been used to enable cell immobilization and growth factor application. This paper summarizes the features, structure, synthesis and production methods, uses, new challenges, and future prospects of bioactive polymeric hydrogels in dental and osseous tissue engineering of clinical, exploring, systematical and scientific applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Abdel Nasser Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
| | - Hany K. Shalaby
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez University, Suez P.O. Box 43512, Egypt
| | - Naema Goda Ali
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Mohammed Morsy
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
| | - Hager Abdel Nasser Attia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. Box 21526, Egypt
| | - Paritosh Barai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Primeasia University, Dhaka 1213, Bangladesh
| | - Norhan Nady
- Polymeric Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg Elarab, Alexandria P.O. Box 21934, Egypt
| | - Ahmad S. Kodous
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
| | - Hasi Rani Barai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
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Rahmati S, Khazaei M, Nadi A, Alizadeh M, Rezakhani L. Exosome-loaded scaffolds for regenerative medicine in hard tissues. Tissue Cell 2023; 82:102102. [PMID: 37178527 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Tissue engineering can be used to repair tissue by employing bioscaffolds that provide better spatial control, porosity, and a three-dimensional (3D) environment like the human body. Optimization of injectability, biocompatibility, bioactivity, and controlled drug release are also features of such scaffolds. The 3D shape of the scaffold can control cell interaction and improve cell migration, proliferation, and differentiation. Exosomes (EXOs) are nanovesicles that can regulate osteoblast activity and proliferation using a complex composition of lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids in their vesicles. Due to their excellent biocompatibility and efficient cellular internalization, EXOs have enormous potential as desirable drug/gene delivery vectors in the field of regenerative medicine. They can cross the biological barrier with minimal immunogenicity and side effects. Scaffolds that contain EXOs have been studied extensively in both basic and preclinical settings for the regeneration and repair of both hard (bone, cartilage) and soft (skin, heart, liver, kidney) tissue. Cell motility, proliferation, phenotype, and maturation can all be controlled by EXOs. The angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties of EXOs significantly influence tissue healing. The current study focused on the use of EXO-loaded scaffolds in hard tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shima Rahmati
- Cancer Research Center, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mozafar Khazaei
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Akram Nadi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Morteza Alizadeh
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Leila Rezakhani
- Fertility and Infertility Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
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4
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Epigenetic Regulation of Methylation in Determining the Fate of Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:5015856. [PMID: 36187229 PMCID: PMC9522499 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5015856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are crucial in tooth development and periodontal health, and their multipotential differentiation and self-renewal ability play a critical role in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Methylation modifications could promote the appropriate biological behavior by postsynthetic modification of DNA or protein and make the organism adapt to developmental and environmental prompts by regulating gene expression without changing the DNA sequence. Methylation modifications involved in DMSC fate include DNA methylation, RNA methylation, and histone modifications, which have been proven to exert a significant effect on the regulation of the fate of DMSCs, such as proliferation, self-renewal, and differentiation potential. Understanding the regulation of methylation modifications on the behavior and the immunoinflammatory responses involved in DMSCs contributes to further study of the mechanism of methylation on tissue regeneration and inflammation. In this review, we briefly summarize the key functions of histone methylation, RNA methylation, and DNA methylation in the differentiation potential and self-renewal of DMSCs as well as the opportunities and challenges for their application in tissue regeneration and disease therapy.
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Bojedla SSR, Yeleswarapu S, Alwala AM, Nikzad M, Masood SH, Riza S, Pati F. Three-Dimensional Printing of Customized Scaffolds with Polycaprolactone-Silk Fibroin Composites and Integration of Gingival Tissue-Derived Stem Cells for Personalized Bone Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:4465-4479. [PMID: 35994743 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative biomaterials play a crucial role in the success of maxillofacial reconstructive procedures. Yet today, limited options are available when choosing polymeric biomaterials to treat critical size bony defects. Further, there is a requirement for 3D printable regenerative biomaterials to fabricate customized structures confined to the defect site. We present here a 3D printable composite formulation consisting of polycaprolactone (PCL) and silk fibroin microfibers and have established a robust protocol for fabricating customized 3D structures of complex geometry with the composite. The 3D printed composite scaffolds demonstrated higher compressive modulus than 3D printed scaffolds of PCL alone. Furthermore, the compressive modulus of PCL-Antheraea mylitta (AM) silk scaffolds is higher than that of the PCL-Bombyx mori (BM) silk scaffolds at their respective ratios. Compressive modulus of PCL-25AM silk scaffolds (73.4 MPa) is higher than that of PCL-25BM silk scaffolds (65.1 MPa). Compressive modulus of PCL-40AM silk scaffolds (106.1 MPa) is higher than that of PCL-40BM silk scaffolds (77.7 MPa). Moreover, we have isolated, characterized, and integrated human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (hGMSCs), an effective autologous cell source, onto the 3D printed scaffolds to evaluate their bone regeneration potential. The results demonstrated that PCL-silk microfiber composite scaffolds of Antheraea mylitta origin showed much higher bioactivity than the Bombyx mori ones because of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) sequences present in the Antheraea mylitta silk fibroin protein favoring cell attachment and proliferation. By day 14, the metabolic activity of hGMSCs was highest in PCL-40AM (4.5 times higher than that at day 1). In addition, to show the translational potential of this work, we have fabricated a patient defect-specific model (mandible) using the CT scan obtained by the micro-CT imaging to understand the printability of the composite for fabricating complex structures to restore maxillofacial bony defects with precision when applied in a clinical scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sri Sai Ramya Bojedla
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
| | - Sriya Yeleswarapu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
| | - Aditya Mohan Alwala
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, MNR Dental College & Hospital, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502294, India
| | - Mostafa Nikzad
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Syed H Masood
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Syed Riza
- Department of Mechanical and Product Design Engineering, School of Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria 3122, Australia
| | - Falguni Pati
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad, Kandi, Sangareddy, Hyderabad, Telangana 502284, India
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Liu X, Sun S, Wang N, Kang R, Xie L, Liu X. Therapeutic application of hydrogels for bone-related diseases. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:998988. [PMID: 36172014 PMCID: PMC9510597 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.998988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone-related diseases caused by trauma, infection, and aging affect people’s health and quality of life. The prevalence of bone-related diseases has been increasing yearly in recent years. Mild bone diseases can still be treated with conservative drugs and can be cured confidently. However, serious bone injuries caused by large-scale trauma, fractures, bone tumors, and other diseases are challenging to heal on their own. Open surgery must be used for intervention. The treatment method also faces the problems of a long cycle, high cost, and serious side effects. Studies have found that hydrogels have attracted much attention due to their good biocompatibility and biodegradability and show great potential in treating bone-related diseases. This paper mainly introduces the properties and preparation methods of hydrogels, reviews the application of hydrogels in bone-related diseases (including bone defects, bone fracture, cartilage injuries, and osteosarcoma) in recent years. We also put forward suggestions according to the current development status, pointing out a new direction for developing high-performance hydrogels more suitable for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Liu
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuoshuo Sun
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ran Kang
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ran Kang, ; Lin Xie, ; Xin Liu,
| | - Lin Xie
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ran Kang, ; Lin Xie, ; Xin Liu,
| | - Xin Liu
- Third School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, Nanjing Lishui Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Ran Kang, ; Lin Xie, ; Xin Liu,
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Ye S, Wei B, Zeng L. Advances on Hydrogels for Oral Science Research. Gels 2022; 8:gels8050302. [PMID: 35621600 PMCID: PMC9140480 DOI: 10.3390/gels8050302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are biocompatible polymer systems, which have become a hotspot in biomedical research. As hydrogels mimic the structure of natural extracellular matrices, they are considered as good scaffold materials in the tissue engineering area for repairing dental pulp and periodontal damages. Combined with different kinds of stem cells and growth factors, various hydrogel complexes have played an optimistic role in endodontic and periodontal tissue engineering studies. Further, hydrogels exhibit biological effects in response to external stimuli, which results in hydrogels having a promising application in local drug delivery. This review summarized the advances of hydrogels in oral science research, in the hopes of providing a reference for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengjia Ye
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China;
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Bin Wei
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200011, China
- Department of Stomatology Special Consultation Clinic, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zeng
- Department of Prosthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China;
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Advanced Dental Technology and Materials, Shanghai 200011, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (L.Z.)
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Li Y, Zhao X, Sun M, Pei D, Li A. Deciphering the Epigenetic Code of Stem Cells Derived From Dental Tissues. FRONTIERS IN DENTAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fdmed.2021.807046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells derived from dental tissues (DSCs) exhibit multipotent regenerative potential in pioneering tissue engineering regimens. The multipotency of DSCs is critically regulated by an intricate range of factors, of which the epigenetic influence is considered vital. To gain a better understanding of how epigenetic alterations are involved in the DSC fate determination, the present review overviews the current knowledge relating to DSC epigenetic modifications, paying special attention to the landscape of epigenetic modifying agents as well as the related signaling pathways in DSC regulation. In addition, insights into the future opportunities of epigenetic targeted therapies mediated by DSCs are discussed to hold promise for the novel therapeutic interventions in future translational medicine.
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Liu P, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Tan S, Ren B, Liu S, Dai H, Xu Z. Application of dental pulp stem cells in oral maxillofacial tissue engineering. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19:310-320. [PMID: 35165516 PMCID: PMC8795794 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.68494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In the maxillofacial area, soft and hard tissue abnormalities are caused by trauma, tumors, infection, and other causes that expose the maxillofacial region to the surface of the human body. Patients' normal physiological function and appearance are interfered with, and their mental health is adversely impacted, reducing their overall life quality. The pursuit of appropriate medical treatments to correct these abnormalities is thus vital. Autologous stem cell regeneration technology mainly focused on tissues has lately emerged as a significant problem in the medical community. Because of the capacity of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) to self-renew, the use of DPSCs from the human pulp tissues of deciduous teeth or permanent teeth has gained popularity among scientists as a stem cell-based therapy option. Aside from that, they are simple to extract and have minimal immunogenicity. As a result, bone tissue engineering may be a critical component in treating maxillofacial and periodontal bone abnormalities. DPSCs activity in maxillofacial and periodontal tissue-engineered bone tissue was investigated in this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Department of Oral Emergency, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shuang Tan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Bingyi Ren
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Shitao Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - HuanYan Dai
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Zhimin Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
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Potential of Bone-Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Maxillofacial and Periodontal Regeneration: A Narrative Review. Int J Dent 2021; 2021:4759492. [PMID: 34795761 PMCID: PMC8594991 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4759492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone-marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are one of the most widely studied postnatal stem cell populations and are considered to utilize more frequently in cell-based therapy and cancer. These types of stem cells can undergo multilineage differentiation including blood cells, cardiac cells, and osteogenic cells differentiation, thus providing an alternative source of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) for tissue engineering and personalized medicine. Despite the ability to reprogram human adult somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) in culture which provided a great opportunity and opened the new door for establishing the in vitro disease modeling and generating an unlimited source for cell base therapy, using MSCs for regeneration purposes still have a great chance to cure diseases. In this review, we discuss the important issues in MSCs biology including the origin and functions of MSCs and their application for craniofacial and periodontal tissue regeneration, discuss the potential and clinical applications of this type of stem cells in differentiation to maxillofacial bone and cartilage in vitro, and address important future hopes and challenges in this field.
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11
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Nallusamy J, Das RK. Hydrogels and Their Role in Bone Tissue Engineering: An Overview. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S908-S912. [PMID: 35017896 PMCID: PMC8686869 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_237_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing incidence of the bone damage either due to trauma or a wide range of diseases related to bone necessitates the advent of new technologies or modification of the existing pattern of treatment to deliver utmost care to an individual thereby helping them to lead a normal and healthy life. Revolutionary changes in the field of tissue engineering (TE) pave a way from repair to regeneration of human tissues and restoring the health of an individual. Among the numerous biomaterials available, hydrogel emerges as a promising source of scaffold material in the field of bone TE (BTE). This article presents an overview on hydrogels and their role in BTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaisanghar Nallusamy
- Centre for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Sree Anjaneya Institute of Dental Sciences, Modakkallur, Kozhikode, Kerala, India
| | - Raunak Kumar Das
- Center for Biomaterials Cellular and Molecular Theranostics, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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12
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Pouraghaei Sevari S, Kim JK, Chen C, Nasajpour A, Wang CY, Krebsbach PH, Khademhosseini A, Ansari S, Weiss PS, Moshaverinia A. Whitlockite-Enabled Hydrogel for Craniofacial Bone Regeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35342-35355. [PMID: 34297530 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Growth-factor-free bone regeneration remains a challenge in craniofacial engineering. Here, we engineered an osteogenic niche composed of a commercially modified alginate hydrogel and whitlockite microparticles (WHMPs), which impart tunable physicochemical properties that can direct osteogenesis of human gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs). Our in vitro studies demonstrate that WHMPs induce osteogenesis of GMSCs more effectively than previously demonstrated hydroxyapatite microparticles (HApMPs). Alginate-WHMP hydrogels showed higher elasticity without any adverse effects on the viability of the encapsulated GMSCs. Moreover, the alginate-WHMP hydrogels upregulate the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, which in turn orchestrates several osteogenic markers, such as RUNX2 and OCN, in the encapsulated GMSCs. Concurrent coculture studies with human osteoclasts demonstrate that GMSCs encapsulated in alginate-WHMP hydrogels downregulate osteoclastic activity, potentially due to release of Mg2+ ions from the WHMPs along with secretion of osteoprotegerin from the GMSCs. In vivo studies demonstrated that the GMSCs encapsulated in our osteogenic niche were able to promote bone repair in calvarial defects in murine models. Altogether, our results confirmed the development of a promising treatment modality for craniofacial bone regeneration based on an injectable growth-factor-free hydrogel delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jin Koo Kim
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amir Nasajpour
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Cun-Yu Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul H Krebsbach
- Section of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Terasaki Institute for Biomedical Innovation, Los Angeles, California 90049, United States
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Paul S Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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Sevari SP, Ansari S, Moshaverinia A. A narrative overview of utilizing biomaterials to recapitulate the salient regenerative features of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Oral Sci 2021; 13:22. [PMID: 34193832 PMCID: PMC8245503 DOI: 10.1038/s41368-021-00126-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering approaches have emerged recently to circumvent many limitations associated with current clinical practices. This elegant approach utilizes a natural/synthetic biomaterial with optimized physiomechanical properties to serve as a vehicle for delivery of exogenous stem cells and bioactive factors or induce local recruitment of endogenous cells for in situ tissue regeneration. Inspired by the natural microenvironment, biomaterials could act as a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) structure to help the cells establish their natural interactions. Such a strategy should not only employ a biocompatible biomaterial to induce new tissue formation but also benefit from an easily accessible and abundant source of stem cells with potent tissue regenerative potential. The human teeth and oral cavity harbor various populations of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) with self-renewing and multilineage differentiation capabilities. In the current review article, we seek to highlight recent progress and future opportunities in dental MSC-mediated therapeutic strategies for tissue regeneration using two possible approaches, cell transplantation and cell homing. Altogether, this paper develops a general picture of current innovative strategies to employ dental-derived MSCs combined with biomaterials and bioactive factors for regenerating the lost or defective tissues and offers information regarding the available scientific data and possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Ansari S, Pouraghaei Sevari S, Chen C, Sarrion P, Moshaverinia A. RGD-Modified Alginate-GelMA Hydrogel Sheet Containing Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Unique Platform for Wound Healing and Soft Tissue Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:3774-3782. [PMID: 34082525 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft tissue reconstruction has remained a major clinical challenge in dentistry and regenerative medicine. Although current methods have shown partial success, there are several disadvantages associated with these approaches. Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) can be simply obtained in the oral cavity for soft tissue augmentation. Regenerative potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) encapsulated in hydrogels is well documented. Here, an alginate-gelatin methacrylate (GelMA) hydrogel formulation is developed encapsulating GMSCs within the developed hydrogel. The results confirm that the encapsulated MSCs remain viable within the hydrogel with enhanced collagen deposition. An excisional wound model in mice is utilized to evaluate the in vivo functionality of the GMSC-hydrogel construct for wound healing and soft tissue regeneration. The histology and immunofluorescence analyses confirm the effectiveness of the GMSC-hydrogel in expediting wound healing via enhancing angiogenesis and suppressing local proinflammatory cytokines. Altogether, the findings demonstrate that GMSCs encapsulated in an engineered hydrogel sheet based on alginate and GelMA can be used to expedite wound healing and soft tissue regeneration, with potential applications in plastic and reconstructive surgery as well as dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Ansari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Sevda Pouraghaei Sevari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Center of Innovation & Precision Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Patricia Sarrion
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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15
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Abstract
AbstractAlginate is a polysaccharide of natural origin, which shows outstanding properties of biocompatibility, gel forming ability, non-toxicity, biodegradability and easy to process. Due to these excellent properties of alginate, sodium alginate, a hydrogel form of alginate, oxidized alginate and other alginate based materials are used in various biomedical fields, especially in drug delivery, wound healing and tissue engineering. Alginate can be easily processed as the 3D scaffolding materials which includes hydrogels, microcapsules, microspheres, foams, sponges, and fibers and these alginate based bio-polymeric materials have particularly used in tissue healing, healing of bone injuries, scars, wound, cartilage repair and treatment, new bone regeneration, scaffolds for the cell growth. Alginate can be easily modified and blended by adopting some physical and chemical processes and the new alginate derivative materials obtained have new different structures, functions, and properties having improved mechanical strength, cell affinity and property of gelation. This can be attained due to combination with other different biomaterials, chemical and physical crosslinking, and immobilization of definite ligands (sugar and peptide molecules). Hence alginate, its modified forms, derivative and composite materials are found to be more attractive towards tissue engineering. This article provides a comprehensive outline of properties, structural aspects, and application in tissue engineering.
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Zibandeh N, Genc D, Duran Y, Banzragch M, Sokwala S, Goker K, Atug O, Akkoç T. Human dental follicle mesenchymal stem cells alleviate T cell response in inflamed tissue of Crohn's patients. TURKISH JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY 2020; 31:400-409. [PMID: 32519960 DOI: 10.5152/tjg.2020.19358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS Crohn's Disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory condition characterized by various abnormalities that lead to overly aggressive T-cell responses. Our in vitro experiments aimed to investigate the potential use of Dental Follicle Mesenchymal Stem Cells (DF-MSCs) to suppress the exaggerated immune response in inflamed and non-inflamed tissue of Crohn's Disease (CD). MATERIAL AND METHODS Dental follicle tissues were obtained from extracted third molar teeth of 3 healthy volunteers who have no abscess or inflammatory diseases. Eleven patients included the experiment who had been diagnosed with CD and not received steroid maintenance therapy for more than 1 month. Mononuclear Cells (MNCs) were isolated from inflamed and non-inflamed tissue of CD. Isolated cells were stimulated with anti-CD3/anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies in the presence and absence of DF-MSCs and analyzed for lymphocytes proliferation capacity and viability, T lymphocyte subsets, CD4+IL22BP and CD4+CD25+Foxp3+ regulatory T cell (Tregs) frequencies and cytokine levels. RESULTS A significant downregulation of lymphocyte proliferation and CD4+IL22BP T cell ratio were found in inflamed cultures with DF-MSCs (p<0,005). Also, the frequency of Tregs increased with DF-MSCs (p<0,05). Pro-inflammatory cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-6) were decreased (p<0,05) and IL-10 levels were increased (p<0,05) in the supernatant of inflamed cultures. CONCLUSION DF-MSCs reduced the inflammatory immune response, induced Tregs and downregulated CD4+IL22BP T cell ratio in inflamed samples of CD patients, which may be exploited for significant therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Zibandeh
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Deniz Genc
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yazgul Duran
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Munhtsetseg Banzragch
- Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sakina Sokwala
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kamil Goker
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozlen Atug
- Department of Gastroenterology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Akkoç
- Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
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Pouraghaei S, Moztarzadeh F, Chen C, Ansari S, Moshaverinia A. Microenvironment Can Induce Development of Auditory Progenitor Cells from Human Gingival Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:2263-2273. [PMID: 33455314 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b01795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Sensorineural hearing loss in mammals occurs due to irreversible damage to the sensory epithelia of the inner ear and has very limited treatment options. The ability to regenerate the auditory progenitor cells is a promising approach for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss; therefore, finding an appropriate and easily accessible stem cell source for restoring the sense of hearing would be of great interest. Here, we proposed a novel easy-to-access source of cells with the ability to recover auditory progenitor cells. In this study, gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSCs) were utilized, as these cells have high self-renewal and multipotent differentiation capacity and can be obtained easily from the oral cavity or discarded tissue samples at dental clinics. To manipulate the biophysical properties of the cellular microenvironment for promoting GMSC differentiation toward the target cells, we also tried to propose a candidate biomaterial. GMSCs in combination with an appropriate scaffold material can, therefore, present advantageous therapeutic options for a number of conditions. Here, we report the potential of GMSCs to differentiate into auditory progenitor cells while supporting them with an optimized three-dimensional scaffold and certain growth factors. A hybrid hydrogel scaffold based on peptide modified alginate and Matrigel was used here in addition to the presence of fibroblast growth factor-basic (bFGF), insulin-like growth factor (IGF), and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Our in vitro and in vivo studies confirmed the auditory differentiation potential of GMSCs within the engineered microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevda Pouraghaei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
| | - Fathollah Moztarzadeh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California, United States
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Sevari SP, Shahnazi F, Chen C, Mitchell JC, Ansari S, Moshaverinia A. Bioactive glass‐containing hydrogel delivery system for osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells. J Biomed Mater Res A 2019; 108:557-564. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.36836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevda P. Sevari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Faezeh Shahnazi
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Chider Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Pharmacology, School of Dental Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania
| | - John C. Mitchell
- Biomaterial Research Center Midwestern University Glendale Arizona
| | - Sahar Ansari
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles California
| | - Alireza Moshaverinia
- Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry University of California Los Angeles California
- California NanoSystems Institute University of California Los Angeles California
- Center for Minimally Invasive Therapeutics (C‐MIT) University of California Los Angeles California
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Donovan TE, Marzola R, Murphy KR, Cagna DR, Eichmiller F, McKee JR, Metz JE, Albouy JP, Troeltzsch M. Annual review of selected scientific literature: A report of the Committee on Scientific Investigation of the American Academy of Restorative Dentistry. J Prosthet Dent 2018; 120:816-878. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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20
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Reconstruction of Craniomaxillofacial Bone Defects Using Tissue-Engineering Strategies with Injectable and Non-Injectable Scaffolds. J Funct Biomater 2017; 8:jfb8040049. [PMID: 29156629 PMCID: PMC5748556 DOI: 10.3390/jfb8040049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 11/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Engineering craniofacial bone tissues is challenging due to their complex structures. Current standard autografts and allografts have many drawbacks for craniofacial bone tissue reconstruction; including donor site morbidity and the ability to reinstate the aesthetic characteristics of the host tissue. To overcome these problems; tissue engineering and regenerative medicine strategies have been developed as a potential way to reconstruct damaged bone tissue. Different types of new biomaterials; including natural polymers; synthetic polymers and bioceramics; have emerged to treat these damaged craniofacial bone tissues in the form of injectable and non-injectable scaffolds; which are examined in this review. Injectable scaffolds can be considered a better approach to craniofacial tissue engineering as they can be inserted with minimally invasive surgery; thus protecting the aesthetic characteristics. In this review; we also focus on recent research innovations with different types of stem-cell sources harvested from oral tissue and growth factors used to develop craniofacial bone tissue-engineering strategies.
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