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Abdulrahman DM, Sherief DI, El-Korashy DI. Effect of different surface treatments on the bonding potential and physical and mechanical properties of ultratranslucent zirconia. J Prosthet Dent 2024; 132:219-228. [PMID: 35850873 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2022.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Studies to determine a suitable surface treatment that improves bonding without compromising the strength or translucency of ultratranslucent zirconia are scarce. PURPOSE The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatments on translucency, surface topography, phase transformation, biaxial flexural strength, bond strength, and durability. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 169 ultratranslucent zirconia disks were randomly divided into 4 groups according to the surface treatment applied: airborne-particle abrasion (APA) (n=46), tribochemical silica airborne-particle abrasion (TS) (n=46), nonthermal oxygen plasma (NTP) (n=46), and no treatment, control (C) (n=31). The translucency parameter (ΔTP00) was evaluated with a spectrophotometer (n=15), phase transformation was assessed with an X-ray diffractometer (n=5), surface topography was evaluated with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) (n=3), and biaxial flexural strength (BFS) was tested with a universal testing machine (n=15). For the microshear bond strength (μSBS) test, 40 composite resin specimens were attached to 8 disks and tested with a universal testing machine; 20 specimens were tested after 24 hours, and 20 specimens after hydrothermal aging in a thermocycler (TC). The data were analyzed with ANOVA followed by the Tukey post hoc test (α=.05). Weibull analysis was performed for the flexural strength and μSBS results. RESULTS Significant ΔTP00 differences were found among all groups and were highest for the APA group (7.33) and lowest for the NTP group (4.79). The NTP group had a significantly higher monoclinic weight fraction value (4.54%) than other groups. The NTP group had significantly higher BFS (581.31) than other groups, while the APA group showed significantly lower values than other groups (340.43). The APA group had significantly higher μSBS values after 24 hours (13.51 MPa) and after TC (13.68 MPa) than the other groups (P<.05). CONCLUSIONS Although APA and TS are effective techniques for improving resin-zirconia bonding, they result in significantly higher deterioration of translucency and strength. NTP significantly improved the BFS of zirconia; however, it showed lower bond strength values than other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doaa M Abdulrahman
- Graduate student, Dental Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Dalia I Sherief
- Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia I El-Korashy
- Professor of Dental Biomaterials, Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Sevilla P, Gseibat M, Peláez J, Suárez MJ, López-Suárez C. Effect of Surface Treatments with Low-Pressure Plasma on the Adhesion of Zirconia. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6055. [PMID: 37687747 PMCID: PMC10488541 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of low-pressure plasma on the contact angle, shear bond strength (SBS), and the failure mode of zirconia ceramic. Zirconia specimens were divided into three groups according to the surface treatment methods as follows: sandblasting with aluminum oxide (ZR-C), sandblasting with aluminum oxide and oxygen plasma (ZR-CP), and argon plasma (ZR-P). The contact angle, SBS, and surface characteristics were tested after thermocycling. Data analysis was made using the Kruskal-Wallis test and one-way analysis of variance. Plasma treatment significantly reduced the contact angle (p < 0.001) with the lowest value for the Zr-P group. An increase in oxygen and a decrease in carbon was observed on the zirconia surface in both plasma groups. For the SBS, there were significant differences among the groups (p < 0.018), the Zr-CP group showing the highest bond strength. Mixed failures were the most frequent. Plasma treatment was effective in increasing the wettability, increasing the oxygen/carbon ratio without changing zirconia surface morphology. The sandblasting plus plasma with oxygen group exhibited the highest bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jesús Peláez
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Buco-facial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.S.); (M.G.); (C.L.-S.)
| | - María J. Suárez
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Buco-facial Prosthesis, Faculty of Odontology, University Complutense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (P.S.); (M.G.); (C.L.-S.)
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Etibarlı N, Üstün Ö, Akan T. Effect of nonthermal argon plasma treatment on the surface properties and phase transformation of zirconia. J Oral Sci 2023; 65:136-140. [PMID: 36990759 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to evaluate the effect of applying different parameters of nonthermal argon plasma (NTAP) on the surface roughness and phase transformation of yttrium-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline (Y-TZP) ceramics. METHODS A total of 60 zirconia samples were prepared and randomly divided into six groups according to their surface treatments (n = 10). Group 1: control group; Group 2: argon plasma with a flow rate of 5 lt/min for 4 min; Group 3: 8 lt/min for 4 min; Group 4: 8 lt/min for 2 min; Group 5: 5 l/min for 2 min; Group 6: air abrasion with Al2O3 particle. The surface roughness was measured with a profilometer, and surface topography was observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to investigate the phase transformation. RESULTS The air abrasion group showed the highest surface roughness. The lowest relative monoclinic phase amount (Xm) was observed in the control group (0.4%), and the highest Xm value was observed in group 6 (7.8%). CONCLUSION While the air abrasion group showed the highest average surface roughness, it also caused the highest phase transformation. With a flow rate of 8 lt/min for 2 min NTAP treatment increased the surface roughness without causing significant phase transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Özlem Üstün
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University
| | - Tamer Akan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Letters, Osmangazi University
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Zhu X, Shi J, Ye X, Ma X, Zheng M, Yang Y, Tan J. Influence of Cold Atmospheric Plasma on Surface Characteristics and Bond Strength of a Resin Nanoceramic. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 16:44. [PMID: 36614395 PMCID: PMC9821266 DOI: 10.3390/ma16010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) treatment on resin nanoceramic (RNC) surface state and its bond strength with resin cement. RNC with different surface treatments were prepared: control, sandblasting treatment (SB), hydrofluoric acid etching (HF) and plasma treatment of helium gas (CAP-He) and argon gas (CAP-Ar). The prepared samples were measured by SEM, Ra, Rz, contact angle goniometer, and XPS for surface characteristics. The shear bond test of RNC was examined in nine groups: SB + saline coupling agent (SL), HF + SL, CAP-He/Ar, CAP-He/Ar + SL, SB + CAP-He/Ar + SL, and control. The bond strength between RNC and resin cement was compared using shear bond strength test, before and after thermocycling. After CAP irradiation, the surface topography maintained, while the surface water contact angle was significantly reduced to 10.18° ± 1.36° (CAP-He) and 7.58° ± 1.79° (CAP-Ar). The removal of carbon contamination and inducing of oxygen radicals was detected after CAP treatment. The bond strength was improved by CAP treatment, but varied on CAP gas species and combination methods. CAP of Ar gas had better SBS than He gas. After thermocycling, CAP-Ar + SL showed the maximized shear bond strength (32.38 ± 1.42 MPa), even higher than SB + SL group (30.08 ± 2.80 MPa, p < 0.05). In conclusion, CAP treatment of helium and argon can improve the bonding properties of RNC by improving surface wettability, and CAP of argon gas combined with silane coupling agent shows the highest bond strength.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Zhu
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100101, China
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jiamin Shi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510055, China
| | - Xinyi Ye
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xinrong Ma
- Department of Stomotology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Miao Zheng
- Department of Stomotology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Yang
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianguo Tan
- National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Raszewski Z, Brząkalski D, Derpeński Ł, Jałbrzykowski M, Przekop RE. Aspects and Principles of Material Connections in Restorative Dentistry-A Comprehensive Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7131. [PMID: 36295194 PMCID: PMC9605403 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The combination of two dissimilar materials has always been a serious problem in dentistry. In order to meet this challenge, it is necessary to combine both chemical methods (treatment with silanes, (meth)acrylic functional monomers) and the development of the surface of the joined material in a physical way, e.g., by sandblasting with alumina, alumina with silica, acid etching, the use of lasers and other means. The purpose of this literature review is to present all methods of joining dental composites with other materials such as ceramics, metal, another composite material. This review covers articles published within the period 2012-2022 in journals indexed in the PubMed database, written in English and describing joining different dental materials to each other. All the critical steps of new joint preparation have been addressed, including proper cleaning of the joint surface, the application of appropriate primers capable of forming a chemical bond between ceramics, zirconium oxide or metals and alloys, and finally, the application of new composite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dariusz Brząkalski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Łukasz Derpeński
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marek Jałbrzykowski
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Bialystok University of Technology, Wiejska 45 C, 15-351 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Robert E. Przekop
- Centre for Advanced Technologies, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 10, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
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Kang LL, Chuang SF, Li CL, Lin JC, Lai TW, Wang CC. Enhancing Resin Cement Adhesion to Zirconia by Oxygen Plasma-Aided Silicatization. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165568. [PMID: 36013706 PMCID: PMC9412317 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The combinations of alumina particle air abrasion (AA) and a 10-methacryloyloxyidecyl-dihyidrogenphosphate (MDP) primer and a tribochemical silica coating (TSC) and a silane-base primer are contemporary pre-cementation treatments for zirconia restorations for bonding with resin cements. However, the stability of zirconia resists the mechanical or chemical preparations. The purpose of this study was to develop an atmospheric-pressure oxygen plasma (OP)-aided silicatization method to enhance the adhesion of resin cements to zirconia. Zirconia discs were prepared to receive surface treatments of different combinations: (1) AA or TSC (2) with or without OP treatment, and (3) a chemical primer (no primer, silane, or a silane-MDP mixture). The surface morphology, hydrophilicity, and chemical compositions were characterized, and the resin-zirconia bond strengths were examined either after 24 h or a thermocycling test. The results indicated that the OP treatment after the TSC facilitated the homogeneous distribution of silane and crosslinking of silica particles, and effectively improved the hydrophilicity. The OP increased the O and Si and reduced the C elemental contents, while the combination of TSC, OP, and silane induced SiOx generation. Among the groups, only the TSC-OP-silane treatment effectively enhanced the bond strength and maintained the adhesion after thermocycling. With these results, the OP aided the silicatization protocol effectively, generated silane crosslinking, and resulted in superior resin-zirconia bond strength and durability compared to the current treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Kang
- Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Fen Chuang
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, 138 ShengLi Road, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ling Li
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Jui-Che Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Wen Lai
- School of Dentistry, Institute of Oral Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
- Department of Stomatology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, 138 ShengLi Road, Tainan 70403, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Cheng Wang
- Institute of Manufacturing Information and Systems, National Cheng Kung University, No. 1 Universal Road, Tainan 70101, Taiwan
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Effect of the Plasma Gas Type on the Surface Characteristics of 3Y-TZP Ceramic. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063007. [PMID: 35328427 PMCID: PMC8950882 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasma surface treatment can be an attractive strategy for modifying the chemically inert nature of zirconia to improve its clinical performance. This study aimed to clarify the effect of plasma gas compositions on the physicochemical surface modifications of 3 mol% yttria-stabilized zirconia (3Y-TZP). The cold, atmospheric plasma discharges were carried out by using four different plasma gases, which are He/O2, N2/Ar, N2, and Ar from an application distance of 10 mm for 60 s. Static contact angles were measured to define the surface free energy. Changes in elemental composition, surface crystallinity, and surface topography were assessed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. A significant decrease in water contact angle was observed in all plasma groups with the lowest value of 69° in the N2/Ar group. CLSM and SEM investigations exhibited no morphological changes in all plasma groups. XPS revealed that a reduction in the surface C content along with an increase in O content was pronounced in the case of N2/Ar compared to others, which was responsible for high hydrophilicity of the surface. XRD showed that the changes in crystallite size and microstrain due to oxygen atom displacements were observed in the N2/Ar group. The N2/Ar plasma treatment may contribute to enhancing the bioactivity as well as the bonding performance of 3Y-TZP by controlling the plasma-generated nitrogen functionalities.
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YE XY, LIU MY, LI J, LIU XQ, LIAO Y, ZHAN LL, ZHU XM, LI HP, TAN J. Effects of cold atmospheric plasma treatment on resin bonding to high-translucency zirconia ceramics. Dent Mater J 2022; 41:896-904. [DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2022-068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yi YE
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Ming-Yue LIU
- First Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Jing LI
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University
| | - Xiao-Qiang LIU
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Yu LIAO
- Department of General Dentistry II, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - Ling-Lu ZHAN
- Department of Prosthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Tooth Restoration and Regeneration
| | - Xiao-Ming ZHU
- Second Clinical Division, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
| | - He-Ping LI
- Department of Engineering Physics, Tsinghua University
| | - Jianguo TAN
- Department of Prosthodontics, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology
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