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Fu ZJ, Zhong XZ, Ma WH, Zhang WD, Shi CY. Lipophilic but not hydrophilic statin functionally inhibit volume-activated chloride channels by inhibiting NADPH oxidase in monocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 481:117-124. [PMID: 27818195 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Volume-activated Cl- channels (VACCs) can be activated by hypotonic solutions and have been identified in many cell types. Here, we investigated the effects of different statins on VACCs in monocytes. Whole-cell patch clamp recordings demonstrated that a hypotonic solution induced 5-nitro-2- (3-phenylpropylamino) benzoic acid (NPPB)- and 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2, 2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS)-sensitive VACC currents in human peripheral monocytes and RAW 264.7 cells. The VACC currents were inhibited by the lipophilic statin (simvastatin) but not by the hydrophilic simvastatin acid and pravastatin. A low-molecular-weight superoxide anion scavenger (tiron, 1 mM) and inhibitor of NADPH oxidase (DPI 10 μM) was able to abolish the VACC currents. A hypotonic solution increased the reactive oxygen species (ROS) detected by the fluorescence of dichlorodihydrofluorescein (DCF), which was abolished by tiron and DPI. NPPB, DIDS, and simvastatin but not pravastatin decreased the fluorescence of DCF. Simvastatin could not further decrease VACC currents when pretreated with tiron or DPI, whereas exogenous H2O2 (100 μM), increased the VACC currents and overcame the blockade of VACC currents by simvastatin. Functionally, hypotonic solution increased the TNF-α mRNA expression, which could be decreased by tiron, DPI, NPPB, DIDS and simvastatin but not pravastatin. However, simvastatin could not decrease the TNF-α expression further when pretreatment with tiron, DPI, NPPB or DIDS. We conclude that lipophilic (simvastatin) rather than hydrophilic statin inhibit VACCs and decrease hyposmolality induced inflammation in monocytes by inhibiting NADPH oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Jie Fu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xue-Zhen Zhong
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250013, China
| | - Wei-Hong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, China
| | - Wen-Dong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China.
| | - Cheng-Yao Shi
- Department of Pharmacy, QiLu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan 250012, China
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Li RWS, Yang C, Shan L, Zhang Z, Wang Y, Kwan Y, Lee SM, Hoi MP, Chan S, Cheung AC, Cheung K, Leung GP. Relaxation effect of a novel Danshensu/tetramethylpyrazine derivative on rat mesenteric arteries. Eur J Pharmacol 2015; 761:153-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Ma Y, Zhang P, Li J, Lu J, Ge J, Zhao Z, Ma X, Wan S, Yao X, Shen B. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids act through TRPV4-TRPC1-KCa1.1 complex to induce smooth muscle membrane hyperpolarization and relaxation in human internal mammary arteries. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1852:552-9. [PMID: 25511389 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Human left internal mammary arteries (LIMAs) are commonly used as donor grafts for coronary bypass surgery. Previous reports suggested that 11,12-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (11,12-EET) is an important endothelial-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF) in human LIMAs and that EETs act through large conductance Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ channels (KCa1.1) to induce smooth muscle cell hyperpolarization and relaxation in these tissues. In this study, we aimed to explore the role of vanilloid transient receptor potential channel 4 (TRPV4) and canonical transient receptor potential channel 1 (TRPC1) channels in the EET-induced smooth muscle hyperpolarization and vascular relaxation in human LIMAs. Co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that TRPV4, TRPC1, and KCa1.1 physically interacted with each other to form a complex. Sharp microelectrode and vascular tension studies demonstrated that 11,12-EET (300 nmol/L) and 4α-phorbol 12,13-didecanoate (5 μmol/L) were able to induce smooth muscle membrane hyperpolarization and vascular relaxation in isolated human LIMA segments. The hyperpolarizing and relaxant effects were markedly reduced by treatments that could suppress the expression/activity of TRPV4, TRPC1, or KCa1.1. With the use of human embryonic kidney 293 cells that over-expressed with TRPV4, TRPC1 and KCa1.1, we found that TRPC1 is the linker through which TRPV4 and KCa1.1(α) can interact. The present study revealed that 11,12-EET targets the TRPV4-TRPC1-KCa1.1 complex to induce smooth muscle cell hyperpolarization and vascular relaxation in human LIMAs. This finding provides novel mechanistic insights for the EET action in human LIMAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, China
| | - Jun Lu
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianjun Ge
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Zhiwei Zhao
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, China
| | - Xin Ma
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Song Wan
- Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Yao
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Bing Shen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Physiology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei City, China.
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Spector AA, Kim HY. Cytochrome P450 epoxygenase pathway of polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2014; 1851:356-65. [PMID: 25093613 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2014.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2014] [Revised: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are oxidized by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases to PUFA epoxides which function as potent lipid mediators. The major metabolic pathways of PUFA epoxides are incorporation into phospholipids and hydrolysis to the corresponding PUFA diols by soluble epoxide hydrolase. Inhibitors of soluble epoxide hydrolase stabilize PUFA epoxides and potentiate their functional effects. The epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) synthesized from arachidonic acid produce vasodilation, stimulate angiogenesis, have anti-inflammatory actions, and protect the heart against ischemia-reperfusion injury. EETs produce these functional effects by activating receptor-mediated signaling pathways and ion channels. The epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids synthesized from eicosapentaenoic acid and epoxydocosapentaenoic acids synthesized from docosahexaenoic acid are potent inhibitors of cardiac arrhythmias. Epoxydocosapentaenoic acids also inhibit angiogenesis, decrease inflammatory and neuropathic pain, and reduce tumor metastasis. These findings indicate that a number of the beneficial functions of PUFA may be due to their conversion to PUFA epoxides. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled "Oxygenated metabolism of PUFA: analysis and biological relevance".
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur A Spector
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Hee-Yong Kim
- Laboratory of Molecular Signaling, National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Yang C, Yang J, Xu X, Yan S, Pan S, Pan X, Zhang C, Leung GP. Vasodilatory effect of 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid on mesenteric arteries in hypertensive and aged rats. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2014; 112:1-8. [PMID: 24880050 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 05/17/2014] [Accepted: 05/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (14,15-EET)-induced vasodilatations as well as the underlying signaling pathways in rat mesenteric arteries from young, adult and old normotensive (WKY) and hypertensive rats. Protein expressions for prostaglandin EP(1-4) receptors, large conductance Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (BK(Ca)) channels, and adenylate cyclase (AC) were determined together with 14,15-EET-induced vasodilatations in primary- versus secondary-branches of the mesenteric artery. Responses to 14,15-EET were greater in the smaller secondary- versus primary-branches (and also more sensitive with lower EC50) and were reduced in vessels from old (80 weeks) rats as well as from vessels from the spontaneous hypertensive rats (SHR). Regardless of age or hypertension responses to 14,15-EET were inhibited by the EP2 antagonist AH6809, BK(Ca) channel inhibitor iberiotoxin, or 3',5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP)-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway antagonists. These data indicate 14,15-EET-induced vasodilatation is mediated via the activation of EP2 receptors and opening of BK(Ca) channels. The expressions of the EP2 receptor and AC were markedly reduced in vessels from SHR as well as old rats, whereas BK(Ca) expression was reduced in old WKY and SHR, but not adult SHR. Furthermore, expression of the p53 protein, an indicator of cell senescence and apoptosis, was elevated in adult and old SHR as well as in old WKY. In summary, attenuated 14,15-EET-induced vasodilatation in mesenteric arteries from old normotensive WKY as well as adult and old SHR is associated with reduced expression of EP2 receptors and AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Yang
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China; Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
| | - Jinyan Yang
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiangting Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Sanmei Yan
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Shitian Pan
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiaoxia Pan
- Ethnic Drug Screening & Pharmacology Center, Key Laboratory of Chemistry in Ethnic Medicinal Resources, State Ethnic Affairs Commission & Ministry of Education, Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Changhong Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - George Pakheng Leung
- Department of Pharmacology & Pharmacy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Potentiation of EDHF-mediated relaxation by chloride channel blockers. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2010; 31:1303-11. [PMID: 20835269 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2010.157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the involvement of Cl⁻ channels in endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor (EDHF)-mediated relaxation in rat mesenteric arteries. METHODS Cl⁻ channel and K(ir) channel activities were studied using whole-cell patch clamping in rat mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells. Isometric tension of arterial rings was measured in organ chambers. RESULTS The volume-activated Cl⁻ current in rat mesenteric arterial smooth muscle cells was abolished by Cl⁻ channel blockers NPPB or DIDS. The EDHF-mediated vasorelaxation was potentiated by NPPB and DIDS. The EDHF response was diminished by a combination of apamin and charybdotoxin, which agreed with the hypothesis that EDHF response involves the release of K(+) via the Ca²(+)-activated K(+) channels in endothelial cells. The elevation of K(+) concentration in bathing solution from 1.2 mmol/L to 11.2 mmol/L induced an arterial relaxation, which was abolished by the combination of BaCl₂ and ouabain. It is consistent to the hypothesis that K(+) activates K(+)/Na(+)-ATPase and inward rectifier K(+) (K(ir)) channels, leading to the hyperpolarization and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. The K(+)-induced relaxation was augmented by NPPB, DIDS, or withdrawal of Cl⁻ from the bathing solution, which could be reversed by BaCl₂, but not ouabain. The potentiating effect of Cl⁻ channel blockers on K(+)-induced relaxation was probably due to the interaction between Cl⁻ channels and K(ir) channels. Moreover, the K(+)-induced relaxation was potentiated when the arteries were incubated in hyperosmotic solution, which is known to inhibit volume-activated Cl⁻ channels. CONCLUSION The inhibition of Cl⁻ channels, particularly the volume-activated Cl⁻ channels, may potentiate the EDHF-induced vasorelaxation through the K(ir) channels.
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Yang C, Kwan YW, Au ALS, Poon CCW, Zhang Q, Chan SW, Lee SMY, Leung GPH. 14,15-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid induces vasorelaxation through the prostaglandin EP2 receptors in rat mesenteric artery. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2010; 93:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2010.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2010] [Revised: 04/19/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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