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Chowdhury MMI, Kabir N, Ahmed R, Yokota K, Mullins R, Reza HM. Generation of monoclonal antibody against 6-Keto PGF 1α and development of ELISA for its quantification in culture medium. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 39:101748. [PMID: 38939124 PMCID: PMC11208916 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2024.101748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Prostacyclin or prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), a metabolite of arachidonic cyclooxygenase pathway, has been demonstrated as an effector of adipocyte differentiation. However, due to its instability in biological fluid, it is difficult to evaluate the role of PGI2 in regulating adipocyte differentiation in different stages in culture. Therefore, this study aimed to establish a simple and rapid method for the production of monoclonal antibody against 6-Keto PGF1α, a stable PGI2 metabolite, and its quantification to determine the role of PGI2 in culture medium. Eight-week-old female BALB/c mice were immunized with the hapten of 6-Keto PGF1α and BSA for several weeks until a higher antibody titer (absorbance value > 0.9 at 1000-times dilution) against 6-Keto PGF1α was found. Then, fusion of antibody-producing spleen lymphocytes with SP-2 myeloma cells and thymocytes was performed and cultured in HAT-medium supplemented with hypoxanthine, aminopterin, and thymine. Specific antibody-producing cells (M2-A4-B8-D10) against 6-Keto PGF1α were identified and separated. A standard ELISA calibration curve was developed with 100% reactivity for 6-Keto-PGF 1 α ranging from 0.26 pg to 6.44 ng corresponding to 90% and 10% of the maximum binding capacity for the immobilized antigen respectively. This method can easily be applied to monitor PGI2 regulation in different stages of cultured adipocytes to reveal the regulatory roles of PGI2 in maintaining homeostasis and adipocyte differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mazharul Islam Chowdhury
- Appalachian College of Pharmacy, Oakwood, VA, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Nafisa Kabir
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Japan
| | - Rezwana Ahmed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Japan
| | | | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North South University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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2
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Rahman MS, Hossain MS. Eicosanoids Signals in SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Foe or Friend. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00919-4. [PMID: 37878227 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 mediated infection instigated a scary pandemic state since 2019. They created havoc comprising death, imbalanced social structures, and a wrecked global economy. During infection, the inflammation and associated cytokine storm generate a critical pathological situation in the human body, especially in the lungs. By the passage of time of infection, inflammatory disorders, and multiple organ damage happen which might lead to death, if not treated properly. Until now, many pathological parameters have been used to understand the progress of the severity of COVID-19 but with limited success. Bioactive lipid mediators have the potential of initiating and resolving inflammation in any disease. The connection between lipid storm and inflammatory states of SARS-CoV-2 infection has surfaced and got importance to understand and mitigate the pathological states of COVID-19. As the role of eicosanoids in COVID-19 infection is not well defined, available information regarding this issue has been accumulated to address the possible network of eicosanoids related to the initiation of inflammation, promotion of cytokine storm, and resolution of inflammation, and highlight possible strategies for treatment and drug discovery related to SARS-CoV-2 infection in this study. Understanding the involvement of eicosanoids in exploration of cellular events provoked by SARS-CoV-2 infection has been summarized as an important factor to deescalate any upcoming catastrophe imposed by the lethal variants of this micro-monster. Additionally, this study also recognized the eicosanoid based drug discovery, treatment, and strategies for managing the severity of SARS-COV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sharifur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
| | - Mohammad Salim Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh.
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Nartey MNN, Jisaka M, Syeda PK, Nishimura K, Shimizu H, Yokota K. Prostaglandin D 2 Added during the Differentiation of 3T3-L1 Cells Suppresses Adipogenesis via Dysfunction of D-Prostanoid Receptor P1 and P2. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020370. [PMID: 36836727 PMCID: PMC9963520 DOI: 10.3390/life13020370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the addition of prostaglandin, (PG)D2, and its chemically stable analog, 11-deoxy-11-methylene-PGD2 (11d-11m-PGD2), during the maturation phase of 3T3-L1 cells promotes adipogenesis. In the present study, we aimed to elucidate the effects of the addition of PGD2 or 11d-11m-PGD2 to 3T3-L1 cells during the differentiation phase on adipogenesis. We found that both PGD2 and 11d-11m-PGD2 suppressed adipogenesis through the downregulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) expression. However, the latter suppressed adipogenesis more potently than PGD2, most likely because of its higher resistance to spontaneous transformation into PGJ2 derivatives. In addition, this anti-adipogenic effect was attenuated by the coexistence of an IP receptor agonist, suggesting that the effect depends on the intensity of the signaling from the IP receptor. The D-prostanoid receptors 1 (DP1) and 2 (DP2, also known as a chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells) are receptors for PGD2. The inhibitory effects of PGD2 and 11d-11m-PGD2 on adipogenesis were slightly attenuated by a DP2 agonist. Furthermore, the addition of PGD2 and 11d-11m-PGD2 during the differentiation phase reduced the DP1 and DP2 expression during the maturation phase. Overall, these results indicated that the addition of PGD2 or 11d-11m-PGD2 during the differentiation phase suppresses adipogenesis via the dysfunction of DP1 and DP2. Therefore, unidentified receptor(s) for both molecules may be involved in the suppression of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N. N. Nartey
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Animal Research Institute, Achimota, Accra P.O. Box AH20, Ghana
| | - Mitsuo Jisaka
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Pinky Karim Syeda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Shimizu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
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Nartey MNN, Jisaka M, Syeda PK, Nishimura K, Shimizu H, Yokota K. Arachidonic Acid Added during the Differentiation Phase of 3T3-L1 Cells Exerts Anti-Adipogenic Effect by Reducing the Effects of Pro-Adipogenic Prostaglandins. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13020367. [PMID: 36836723 PMCID: PMC9962328 DOI: 10.3390/life13020367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
A linoleic acid (LA) metabolite arachidonic acid (AA) added to 3T3-L1 cells is reported to suppress adipogenesis. The purpose of the present study aimed to clarify the effects of AA added during the differentiation phase, including adipogenesis, the types of prostaglandins (PG)s produced, and the crosstalk between AA and the PGs produced. Adipogenesis was inhibited by AA added, while LA did not. When AA was added, increased PGE2 and PGF2α production, unchanged Δ12-PGJ2 production, and reduced PGI2 production were observed. Since the decreased PGI2 production was reflected in decreased CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (C/EBPβ) and C/EBPδ expression, we expected that the coexistence of PGI2 with AA would suppress the anti-adipogenic effects of AA. However, the coexistence of PGI2 with AA did not attenuate the anti-adipogenic effects of AA. In addition, the results were similar when Δ12-PGJ2 coexisted with AA. Taken together, these results indicated that the metabolism of ingested LA to AA is necessary to inhibit adipogenesis and that exposure of AA to adipocytes during only the differentiation phase is sufficient. As further mechanisms for suppressing adipogenesis, AA was found not only to increase PGE2 and PGF2α and decrease PGI2 production but also to abrogate the pro-adipogenic effects of PGI2 and Δ12-PGJ2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N. N. Nartey
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Animal Research Institute, Achimota, Accra P.O. Box AH20, Ghana
| | - Mitsuo Jisaka
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Pinky Karim Syeda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Shimizu
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Shimane, Matsue 690-8504, Japan
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Islam S, Bhowmik DR, Roy S, Rahman Shuvo MS, Begum R, Hasan M, Amin MT, Ud Daula AFMS, Hossain MS. Musa acuminate seed extract attenuates the risk of obesity and associated inflammation in obese mice via suppression of PPARγ and MCP-1. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12737. [PMID: 36685474 PMCID: PMC9849961 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a severe public health burden and a major component of metabolic syndrome. It is critical to identify treatment medicines for obesity and associated inflammation. We examined the anti-obesity and anti-inflammatory properties of Musa acuminate seeds methanol extract in high-fat diet-induced obesity. Changes in body weight, Lee index, fat mass accumulation, serum cholesterol, and serum triglyceride were monitored. Alteration in the expression of PPARγ, GLUT4, and MCP-1 at the transcript level in adipose tissue was also studied. After tabulation of our data, a significant reduction (p < 0.05) was recorded for body weight gain, and fat mass accumulation followed by significant changes (p < 0.05) in serum cholesterol, and serum triglyceride levels by the extract. In agreement with the biochemical data, the extract was capable enough (p < 0.05) to reduce the mRNA expression of PPARγ, and MCP-1, confirming the ability of the extract to ameliorate the risk of obesity and obesity-associated inflammation. Moreover, an in-silico study showed the high binding affinity of the reported compounds from M. acuminate like Delphinidin, Umbelliferon with COX-2, PPARγ, and MCP-1, supporting the notion of the risk-reducing potential of M.acuminate for obesity and obesity mediated inflammatory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajedul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Dipty Rani Bhowmik
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Sourav Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Sadikur Rahman Shuvo
- Department of Microbiology, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Rahima Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Maruful Hasan
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Tohidul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - AFM Shahid Ud Daula
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Salim Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh,Corresponding author. Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhali, 3814, Bangladesh.
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6
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Fujimori K. Prostaglandin D<sub>2</sub> and F<sub>2α</sub> as Regulators of Adipogenesis and Obesity. Biol Pharm Bull 2022; 45:985-991. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b22-00210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ko Fujimori
- Department of Pathobiochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University
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7
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Roy S, Bhowmik DR, Begum R, Amin MT, Islam MA, Ahmed F, Hossain MS. Aspirin attenuates the expression of adhesion molecules, risk of obesity, and adipose tissue inflammation in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2022; 162:106664. [PMID: 35843503 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2022.106664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is increasing at an alarming rate and keeps on being one of the significant challenges of this century. Obesity promotes adipose tissue hypertrophy and causes the release of different pro-inflammatory cytokines, playing a significant role in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome. Aspirin is known as a potent anti-inflammatory drug, but its role in adipogenesis, adipocyte-specific inflammation, and metabolic syndrome is not well characterized. Thus, in this experiment, we aimed to determine the effect of low-dose aspirin on obesity, obesity-induced inflammation, and metabolic syndrome. High-fat diet-induced obese female mice (Swiss Albino) were used in our study. Mice were fed on a normal diet, a high-fat diet, and a low dose of aspirin (LDA) in the presence of a high-fat diet for 11 weeks. Body weight, lipid profile, adipose tissue size, and inflammatory status were analyzed after that period. The ∆∆CT method was used to calculate the relative mRNA expression of target genes. Treatment with a low dose of aspirin resulted in a significant reduction of body weight, visceral fat mass and serum total cholesterols, serum and adipose tissue triglycerides, and blood glucose levels in high-fat diet-induced obese mice compared to the untreated obese group. Consistent with these biochemical results, a significant reduction in mRNA expression of different genes like PPARγ, GLUT4, IL-6, TNFα, MCP-1, ICAM-I, and VCAM-I associated with adipogenesis and inflammation were noticed. Overall, current study findings indicate that low-dose aspirin reduces obesity, hyperlipidemia, adipocyte-specific inflammation, and metabolic syndrome in high-fat diet-induced obese mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhlai 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Dipty Rani Bhowmik
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhlai 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Rahima Begum
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhlai 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Tohidul Amin
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhlai 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Md Aminul Islam
- Department of Microbiology, Noakahli Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Firoz Ahmed
- Department of Microbiology, Noakahli Science and Technology University, Noakhali 3814, Bangladesh
| | - Mohammad Salim Hossain
- Department of Pharmacy, Noakhali Science and Technology University, Noakhlai 3814, Bangladesh.
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8
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Nartey MNN, Jisaka M, Syeda PK, Nishimura K, Shimizu H, Yokota K. Prostaglandin D2 and its analog, 11d-11m-PGD2, added during the differentiation phase contribute to adipogenic program inhibition in 3T3-L1 cells. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:628-634. [DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
We previously reported that prostaglandin (PG)D2 and its isosteric analog, 11-deoxy-11-methylene-PGD2 (11d-11m-PGD2), promote adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells during the maturation phase. Focusing on the differentiation phase, although both PGs inhibited adipogenesis, this effect was canceled out by PGI2 and PGJ2 derivatives. Thus, PGD2 and 11d-11m-PGD2 play different roles during the phases, but do not affect PGI2- and PGJ2-derivative-induced adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael N N Nartey
- The , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Animal Research Institute , Achimota, Accra , Ghana
| | - Mitsuo Jisaka
- The , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Project Center for Fortification of Local Specialty Food Functions, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
| | - Pinky Karim Syeda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- The , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Project Center for Fortification of Local Specialty Food Functions, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Raman Project Center for Medical and Biological Applications, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
| | - Hidehisa Shimizu
- The , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Project Center for Fortification of Local Specialty Food Functions, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Raman Project Center for Medical and Biological Applications, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Estuary Research Center, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- The , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Tottori University , 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori , Japan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Project Center for Fortification of Local Specialty Food Functions, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
- Institute of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Academic Assembly, Shimane University , 1060 Nishikawatsu-Cho, Matsue, Shimane , Japan
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9
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Kohira T, Kita Y, Tokuoka SM, Shiba M, Satake M, Shimizu T. Characterization of supported liquid extraction as a sample pretreatment method for eicosanoids and related metabolites in biological fluids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1124:298-307. [PMID: 31260873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Sample pretreatment is an important process in liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry-based quantitative lipidomics. Reversed-phase solid phase extraction (RP-SPE) has been widely used for analyzing various types of samples, including aqueous samples such as cell culture media, plasma, serum, urine, and other biological fluids. Because lipid mediators are often protein-bound, prior deproteinization is necessary for their effective recovery. Deproteinization is typically performed by the addition of organic solvents, which requires time-consuming evaporation-reconstitution, or dilution with aqueous solvents before RP-SPE; however, both of these approaches compromise the analytical performance. As a potential alternative, we attempted to utilize supported liquid extraction (SLE), an automation-compatible variant of liquid-liquid extraction, for the determination of eicosanoids and related metabolites in aqueous samples. We screened 81 different sample diluent-eluent conditions and found that the use of 0.1% formic acid-water as the diluent and 0.1% formic acid-methyl acetate as the eluent enabled the optimum recovery of a variety of eicosanoids, except for peptide leukotrienes. The optimized SLE method efficiently removed protein from human plasma, while phospholipids and neutral lipids were modestly recovered. Moreover, the proposed method exhibited a quantitative performance comparable to that of typical ordinary RP-SPE method in the analysis of human platelets stimulated with thrombin receptor-activating peptide 6. Thus, we propose SLE as an attractive option for rapid lipid mediator extraction from aqueous samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Kohira
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Kita
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Life Sciences Core Facility, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
| | - Suzumi M Tokuoka
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - Masayuki Shiba
- Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Masahiro Satake
- Central Blood Institute, Japanese Red Cross Society, 2-1-67 Tatsumi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-8521, Japan
| | - Takao Shimizu
- Department of Lipidomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan; Department of Lipid Signaling, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, 1-21-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
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10
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Rahman MS. Prostacyclin: A major prostaglandin in the regulation of adipose tissue development. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:3254-3262. [PMID: 30431153 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandins (PGs) belong to the group lipid mediators and can act as local hormones. They contain 20 carbon atoms, including a 5-carbon ring, and are biosynthesized from membrane phospholipid derived arachidonic acid through the arachidonate cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway with the help of various terminal synthase enzymes. Prostacyclin (prostaglandin I2 ) is one of the major prostanoids produced with the help of prostacyclin synthase (prostaglandin I2 synthase) enzyme and rapidly hydrolyzed into 6-keto-PGF1α in biological fluids. Obesity indicates an excess of body adiposity, which is globally considered as one of the major health disasters responsible for developing complex pathological situations in the human body. Adipose tissues can produce various PGs, and thus, the level and the molecular activity of these endogenously synthesized PGs are considered critical for the development of obesity. In this regard, the involvement of prostacyclin in adipogenesis has been studied in the last few decades. The current review, along with the background of other related PGs, presents the several molecular aspects of endogenous prostaglandin I2 in adipose tissue development. Especially, the regulation of life cycle of adipocytes, impact on terminal differentiation, activity through prostacyclin receptor (IP), autocrine-paracrine manner, thermogenic adipose tissue remodeling and some future experimental aspects of prostacyclin have been focused upon in this study. This discussion might assist to develop new drug molecules acting on the signaling pathways of prostacyclin and devise therapeutic strategies for treating obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Sharifur Rahman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Rahman MS, Syeda PK, Nartey MNN, Chowdhury MMI, Shimizu H, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Shono F, Yokota K. Comparison of pro-adipogenic effects between prostaglandin (PG) D 2 and its stable, isosteric analogue, 11-deoxy-11-methylene-PGD 2, during the maturation phase of cultured adipocytes. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2018; 139:71-79. [PMID: 30393164 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2018.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Prostaglandin (PG) D2 is relatively unstable and dehydrated non-enzymatically into PGJ2 derivatives, which are known to serve as pro-adipogenic factors by activating peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) γ, a master regulator of adipogenesis. 11-Deoxy-11-methylene-PGD2 (11d-11m-PGD2) is a novel, chemically stable, isosteric analogue of PGD2 in which the 11-keto group is replaced by an exocyclic methylene. Here we attempted to investigate pro-adipogenic effects of PGD2 and 11d-11m-PGD2 and to compare the difference in their ways during the maturation phase of cultured adipocytes. The dose-dependent study showed that 11d-11m-PGD2 was significantly more potent than natural PGD2 to stimulate the storage of fats suppressed in the presence of indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. These pro-adipogenic effects were caused by the up-regulation of adipogenesis as evident with higher gene expression levels of adipogenesis markers. Analysis of transcript levels revealed the enhanced gene expression of two subtypes of cell-surface membrane receptors for PGD2, namely the prostanoid DP1 and DP2 (chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2)) receptors together with lipocalin-type PGD synthase during the maturation phase. Specific agonists for DP1, CRTH2, and PPARγ were appreciably effective to rescue adipogenesis attenuated by indomethacin. The action of PGD2 was attenuated by specific antagonists for DP1 and PPARγ. By contrast, the effect of 11d-11m-PGD2 was more potently interfered by a selective antagonist for CRTH2 than that for DP1 while PPARγ antagonist GW9662 had almost no inhibitory effects. These results suggest that PGD2 exerts its pro-adipogenic effect principally through the mediation of DP1 and PPARγ, whereas the stimulatory effect of 11d-11m-PGD2 on adipogenesis occurs preferentially by the interaction with CRTH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Shahidur Rahman
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Pinky Karim Syeda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Michael N N Nartey
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Md Mazharul Islam Chowdhury
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Hidehisa Shimizu
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Jisaka
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shono
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima 770-8514, Japan
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan.
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Barquissau V, Ghandour RA, Ailhaud G, Klingenspor M, Langin D, Amri EZ, Pisani DF. Control of adipogenesis by oxylipins, GPCRs and PPARs. Biochimie 2016; 136:3-11. [PMID: 28034718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Oxylipins are bioactive metabolites derived from the oxygenation of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids, triggered essentially by cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase activities. Oxylipins are involved in the development and function of adipose tissue and their productions are strictly related to diet quality and quantity. Oxylipins signal via cell surface membrane (G Protein-coupled receptors) and nuclear receptors (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors), two pathways playing a pivotal role in adipocyte biology. In this review, we made an attempt to cover the available knowledge about synthesis and molecular function of oxylipins known to modulate adipogenesis, adipocyte function and phenotype conversion, with a focus on their interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated nuclear receptor family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentin Barquissau
- Inserm, UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, 31432, France; University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, 31432, France
| | | | | | - Martin Klingenspor
- Technische Universität München, Chair of Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Else Kröner-Fresenius Center, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
| | - Dominique Langin
- Inserm, UMR1048, Obesity Research Laboratory, Institute of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Diseases, Toulouse, 31432, France; University of Toulouse, UMR1048, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, 31432, France; Toulouse University Hospitals, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Toulouse, 31059, France
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Khan F, Syeda PK, Nartey MNN, Rahman MS, Islam MS, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Shono F, Yokota K. Stimulation of fat storage by prostacyclin and selective agonists of prostanoid IP receptor during the maturation phase of cultured adipocytes. Cytotechnology 2016; 68:2417-2429. [PMID: 26946143 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-016-9960-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that cultured adipocytes have the ability to biosynthesize prostaglandin (PG) I2 called alternatively as prostacyclin during the maturation phase by the positive regulation of gene expression of PGI synthase and the prostanoid IP receptor. To clarify how prostacyclin regulates adipogenesis, we investigated the effects of prostacyclin and the specific agonists or antagonists for the IP receptor on the storage of fats during the maturation phase of cultured adipocytes. Exogenous PGI2 and the related selective agonists for the IP receptor including MRE-269 and treprostinil rescued the storage of fats attenuated by aspirin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor. On the other hand, selective antagonists for IP such as CAY10441 and CAY10449 were effective to suppress the accumulation of fats as GW9662, a specific antagonist for peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ. Thus, pro-adipogenic action of prostacyclin can be explained by the action mediated through the IP receptor expressed at the maturation stage of adipocytes. Cultured adipocytes incubated with each of PGI2 and MRE-269 together with troglitazone, an activator for PPARγ, exhibited additively higher stimulation of fats storage than with either compound alone. The combined effect of MRE-269 and troglitazone was almost abolished by co-incubation with GW9662, but not with CAY10441. Increasing concentrations of troglitazone were found to reverse the inhibitory effect of CAY10441 in a dose-dependent manner while those of MRE-269 failed to rescue adipogenesis suppressed by GW9662, indicating the critical role of the PPARγ activation as a downstream factor for the stimulated adipogenesis through the IP receptor. Treatment of cultured adipocytes with cell permeable stable cAMP analogues or forskolin as a cAMP elevating agent partly restored the inhibitory effect of aspirin. However, excess levels of cAMP stimulated by forskolin attenuated adipogenesis. Supplementation with H-89, a cell permeable inhibitor for protein kinase A (PKA), had no effect on the promoting action of PGI2 or MRE-269 along with aspirin on the storage of fats, suggesting that the promotion of adipogenesis mediated by the IP receptor does not require the PKA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferdous Khan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Pinky Karim Syeda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Michael Nii N Nartey
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mohammad Shahidur Rahman
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mohammad Safiqul Islam
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Center for Integrated Research in Science, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Jisaka
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shono
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, 180 Yamashiro-cho, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, 7700-8514, Japan
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Shimane University, 1060 Nishikawatsu-cho, Matsue, Shimane, 690-8504, Japan.
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Hallenborg P, Petersen RK, Kouskoumvekaki I, Newman JW, Madsen L, Kristiansen K. The elusive endogenous adipogenic PPARγ agonists: Lining up the suspects. Prog Lipid Res 2016; 61:149-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2015.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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de Oliveira PSN, Cesar ASM, do Nascimento ML, Chaves AS, Tizioto PC, Tullio RR, Lanna DPD, Rosa AN, Sonstegard TS, Mourao GB, Reecy JM, Garrick DJ, Mudadu MA, Coutinho LL, Regitano LCA. Identification of genomic regions associated with feed efficiency in Nelore cattle. BMC Genet 2014; 15:100. [PMID: 25257854 PMCID: PMC4198703 DOI: 10.1186/s12863-014-0100-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Feed efficiency is jointly determined by productivity and feed requirements, both of which are economically relevant traits in beef cattle production systems. The objective of this study was to identify genes/QTLs associated with components of feed efficiency in Nelore cattle using Illumina BovineHD BeadChip (770 k SNP) genotypes from 593 Nelore steers. The traits analyzed included: average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed-conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), residual feed intake (RFI), maintenance efficiency (ME), efficiency of gain (EG), partial efficiency of growth (PEG) and relative growth rate (RGR). The Bayes B analysis was completed with Gensel software parameterized to fit fewer markers than animals. Genomic windows containing all the SNP loci in each 1 Mb that accounted for more than 1.0% of genetic variance were considered as QTL region. Candidate genes within windows that explained more than 1% of genetic variance were selected by putative function based on DAVID and Gene Ontology. Results Thirty-six QTL (1-Mb SNP window) were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25 and 26 (UMD 3.1). The amount of genetic variance explained by individual QTL windows for feed efficiency traits ranged from 0.5% to 9.07%. Some of these QTL minimally overlapped with previously reported feed efficiency QTL for Bos taurus. The QTL regions described in this study harbor genes with biological functions related to metabolic processes, lipid and protein metabolism, generation of energy and growth. Among the positional candidate genes selected for feed efficiency are: HRH4, ALDH7A1, APOA2, LIN7C, CXADR, ADAM12 and MAP7. Conclusions Some genomic regions and some positional candidate genes reported in this study have not been previously reported for feed efficiency traits in Bos indicus. Comparison with published results indicates that different QTLs and genes may be involved in the control of feed efficiency traits in this Nelore cattle population, as compared to Bos taurus cattle. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12863-014-0100-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Fujimori K, Yano M, Miyake H, Kimura H. Termination mechanism of CREB-dependent activation of COX-2 expression in early phase of adipogenesis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2014; 384:12-22. [PMID: 24378735 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 12/07/2013] [Accepted: 12/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We elucidated the molecular mechanism of prostaglandin (PG) E2- and PGF2α-mediated suppression of the early phase of adipogenesis through enhanced COX-2 expression in 3T3-L1 cells. 3-Isobutyl-1-methylxanthine, an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase which catalyzes the conversion of cAMP to AMP, enhanced the activity of protein kinase A (PKA). Dibutyryl cAMP activated PKA and enhanced the phosphorylation of cAMP response element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB). The ability of CREB binding to the CRE of the COX-2 promoter was elevated for enhancement of the expression of the COX-2 gene. CREB siRNA suppressed the expression of the COX-2 gene. Furthermore, okadaic acid, a protein phosphatase (PP) 1/2A inhibitor, suppressed the progression of adipogenesis by preventing PP1/2A-mediated suppression of CREB-dependent COX-2 expression, thus resulting in increased production of anti-adipogenic PGE2 and PGF2α. These results indicate that CREB-dependent expression of COX-2 for the production of anti-adipogenic PGs is critical for the regulation of the early phase of adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Fujimori
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
| | - Mutsumi Yano
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Haruka Miyake
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kimura
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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Endogenous synthesis of prostacyclin was positively regulated during the maturation phase of cultured adipocytes. Cytotechnology 2013; 66:635-46. [PMID: 23884720 DOI: 10.1007/s10616-013-9616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/06/2013] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostacyclin alternatively called prostaglandin (PG) I2 is an unstable metabolite synthesized by the arachidonate cyclooxygenase pathway. Earlier studies have suggested that prostacyclin analogues can act as a potent effector of adipose differentiation. However, biosynthesis of PGI2 has not been determined comprehensively at different life stages of adipocytes. PGI2 is rapidly hydrolyzed to the stable product, 6-keto-PGF1α, in biological fluids. Therefore, the generation of PGI2 can be quantified as the amount of 6-keto-PGF1α. In this study, we attempted to develop a solid-phase enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a mouse antiserum specific for 6-keto-PGF1α. According to the typical calibration curve of our ELISA, 6-keto-PGF1α can be quantified from 0.8 pg to 7.7 ng in an assay. The evaluation of our ELISA revealed the higher specificity of our antiserum without the cross-reaction with other related prostanoids while it exhibited only the cross-reaction of 1.5 % with PGF2α. The resulting ELISA was applied to the quantification of 6-keto-PGF1α generated endogenously by cultured 3T3-L1 cells at different stages. The cultured cells showed the highest capability to generate 6-keto-PGF1α during the maturation phase of 4-6 days, which was consistent with the coordinated changes in the gene expression of PGI synthase and the IP receptor for PGI2. Following these events, the accumulation of fats was continuously promoted up to 14 days. Thus, our immunological assay specific for 6-keto-PGF1α is useful for monitoring the endogenous levels of the unstable parent PGI2 at different life stages of adipogenesis and for further studies on the potential association with the up-regulation of adipogenesis in cultured adipocytes.
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Cultured preadipocytes undergoing stable transfection with cyclooxygenase-1 in the antisense direction accelerate adipogenesis during the maturation phase of adipocytes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 171:128-44. [PMID: 23817787 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
The arachidonate cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway is involved in the generation of several types of endogenous prostaglandins (PGs) with opposite effects on adipogenesis at different life stages of adipocytes. However, the specific role of COX isoforms, the rate-limiting enzymes for the pathway, remains elusive in the regulation of the endogenous synthesis of PGs. This study was aimed at the selective suppression of the constitutive COX-1 in cultured preadipocytes by the isolation of cloned preadipocytes transfected stably with a mammalian expression vector harboring cDNA encoding mouse COX-1 in the antisense direction. The gene expression analysis revealed that the transcript and protein levels of the constitutive COX-1 were substantially suppressed in the isolated cloned transfectants with antisense COX-1. By contrast, the expression of the inducible COX-2 was not affected in the stable transfectants with antisense COX-1. All of the cloned stable transfectants with antisense COX-1 exhibited a significant reduction in the immediate synthesis of PGE2 serving as an anti-adipogenic factor. The sustained expression of COX-1 in the antisense direction induced the appreciable stimulation of fat storage in adipocytes during the maturation phase, which was associated with the higher expression levels of adipocyte-specific genes, indicating the positive regulation of adipogenesis program. Moreover, the up-regulation of adipogenesis is accompanied by a higher production of J2 series PGs including 15-deoxy-Δ(12,14)-PGJ2 and Δ(12)-PGJ2, known as pro-adipogenic factors by the transfectants with antisense COX-1. The results suggest that the inducible COX-2 can contribute to the endogenous synthesis of PGJ2 derivatives acting as autocrine mediators to simulate adipogenesis during the maturation phase by way of compensation for the suppressed expression of the constitutive COX-1.
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Abstract
Lipid mediators are produced from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids through enzymatic and free radical-mediated reactions. When subject to oxygenation via cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases, and cytochrome P450 monooxygenases, polyunsaturated fatty acids give rise to an array of metabolites including eicosanoids, docosanoids, and octadecanoids. These potent bioactive lipids are involved in many biochemical and signaling pathways, with inflammation being of particular importance. Moreover, because they are produced by more than one pathway and substrate, and are present in a variety of biological milieus, their analysis is not always possible with conventional assays. Liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray mass spectrometry offers a versatile and sensitive approach for the analysis of bioactive lipids, allowing specific and accurate quantitation of multiple species present in the same sample. Here we explain the principles of this approach to mediator lipidomics and present detailed protocols for the assay of enzymatically produced oxygenated metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids that can be tailored to answer biological questions or facilitate assessment of nutritional and pharmacological interventions.
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Prostaglandins as PPARγ Modulators in Adipogenesis. PPAR Res 2012; 2012:527607. [PMID: 23319937 PMCID: PMC3540890 DOI: 10.1155/2012/527607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/20/2012] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes and fat cells play critical roles in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Adipogenesis (adipocyte differentiation) is regulated via a complex process including coordinated changes in hormone sensitivity and gene expression. PPARγ is a ligand-dependent transcription factor and important in adipogenesis, as it enhances the expression of numerous adipogenic and lipogenic genes in adipocytes. Prostaglandins (PGs), which are lipid mediators, are associated with the regulation of PPARγ function in adipocytes. Prostacyclin promotes the differentiation of adipocyte-precursor cells to adipose cells via activation of the expression of C/EBPβ and δ. These proteins are important transcription factors in the activation of the early phase of adipogenesis, and they activate the expression of PPARγ, which event precedes the maturation of adipocytes. PGE2 and PGF2α strongly suppress the early phase of adipocyte differentiation by enhancing their own production via receptor-mediated elevation of the expression of cycloxygenase-2, and they also suppress the function of PPARγ. In contrast, PGD2 and its non-enzymatic metabolite, Δ12-PGJ2, activate the middle-late phase of adipocyte differentiation through both DP2 receptors and PPARγ. This paper focuses on potential roles of PGs as PPARγ modulators in adipogenesis and regulators of obesity.
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Syeda PK, Hossain MS, Chowdhury AA, Rahman MS, Khan F, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Shono F, Yokota K. A Monoclonal Antibody Specific for Δ12-Prostaglandin J2 and Its Utilization in the Immunological Assay in Cell Culture System of Adipocytes. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2012; 31:364-71. [DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2012.0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pinky Karim Syeda
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Mohammad Salim Hossain
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Abu Asad Chowdhury
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | | | - Ferdous Khan
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kohji Nishimura
- Department of Molecular and Functional Genomics, Center for Integrated Research in Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Jisaka
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Nagaya
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Shono
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima Bunri University, Tokushima-shi, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kazushige Yokota
- Department of Life Science and Biotechnology; Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan
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Hossain MS, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Yokota K. Prostaglandin J2 series induces the gene expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 during the maturation phase of cultured adipocytes. Gene 2012; 502:138-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.04.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2011] [Revised: 03/05/2012] [Accepted: 04/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Fujimori K, Maruyama T, Kamauchi S, Urade Y. Activation of adipogenesis by lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase-generated Δ¹²-PGJ₂ acting through PPARγ-dependent and independent pathways. Gene 2012; 505:46-52. [PMID: 22664386 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.05.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Lipocalin-type prostaglandin (PG) D synthase (L-PGDS)-produced PGD(2) accelerates adipogenesis. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of PGD(2)-mediated activation of adipogenesis in mouse adipocytic 3T3-L1 cells. LC/MS analysis showed that Δ(12)-PGJ(2), one of the PGD(2) metabolites, was predominantly produced in the differentiated 3T3-L1 cells. Δ(12)-PGJ(2) enhanced the expression of adipogenic genes in a Δ(12)-PGJ(2)-concentration-dependent manner. Suppression of the expression of the adipogenic genes by L-PGDS siRNA or AT-56, an L-PGDS inhibitor, was cleared by the addition of Δ(12)-PGJ(2). Moreover, the production of adiponectin and leptin was increased by treatment with Δ(12)-PGJ(2). Furthermore, the results of a mammalian two-hybrid assay demonstrated that Δ(12)-PGJ(2) enhanced the PPARγ-mediated transcription activity. However, Δ(12)-PGJ(2)-activated expression of adipogenic genes such as fatty acid binding protein 4 (aP2) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase was inhibited only at 38% and 42%, respectively, by treatment with GW9662, a PPARγ antagonist in 3T3-L1 cells, although Troglitazone-mediated activation of the expression of these adipogenic genes was completely suppressed by GW9662, suggesting the existence of a PPARγ-independent mechanism for Δ(12)-PGJ(2)-activated adipogenesis. These results, taken together, indicate that Δ(12)-PGJ(2) is a dominant metabolite of L-PGDS-produced PGD(2) during adipogenesis and acts as an activator for adipogenesis through both PPARγ-dependent and -independent mechanisms in 3T3-L1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ko Fujimori
- Laboratory of Biodefense and Regulation, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
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Syeda PK, Hossain MS, Chowdhury AA, Rahman MS, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Shono F, Yokota K. Generation of Monoclonal Antibody for 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-Prostaglandin J2 and Development of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Its Quantification in Culture Medium of Adipocytes. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 167:1107-18. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Accepted: 02/14/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Hossain MS, Chowdhury AA, Rahman MS, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Shono F, Yokota K. Stable expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase in cultured preadipocytes impairs adipogenesis program independently of endogenous prostanoids. Exp Cell Res 2012; 318:408-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2011] [Revised: 10/31/2011] [Accepted: 11/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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26
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Chowdhury AA, Hossain MS, Rahman MS, Nishimura K, Jisaka M, Nagaya T, Shono F, Yokota K. Sustained expression of lipocalin-type prostaglandin D synthase in the antisense direction positively regulates adipogenesis in cloned cultured preadipocytes. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 411:287-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.06.126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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