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Zagumyonnyi DG, Tikhonenkov DV. A new centrohelid heliozoan, Pterocystis polycristalepis sp. nov., and taxonomic and phylogenetic concerns within Pterista (Haptista: Centroplasthelida). Eur J Protistol 2024; 94:126064. [PMID: 38531148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2024.126064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
A new species of centrohelid heliozoans, Pterocystis polycristalepis sp. nov. (Pterocystidae), was examined using light and electron microscopy. The novel centrohelid is characterized by the presence of leaf-like spine-scales with a broad pedicel-like structure on the proximal part and many subparallel ribs on the lateral wing surface. The plate-scales are ovoid with medial tubular thickening and many subparallel ribs on the very extensive marginal rim. The closely related species Pterocystis striata has also been studied in detail using light and electron microscopy. Phylogenetic analysis of 18S rRNA gene sequences placed both species into a separate clade within Pterista. The closest morphologically characterized species to the new clade is Triangulopteris lacunata. The 18S rRNA sequence of Pseudoraphidiophrys veliformis was grouped within Pterista and found to be closely related to Pterocystis polycristalepis, Pterocystis striata, and Triangulopteris lacunata. Cyst-scales of various shapes, cell and cyst aggregations, syncytia, and a cell with a stalk were revealed in a clonal culture of P. veliformis. Analysis of the morphology and phylogenetic position of the studied species and other centrohelids revealed a large number of taxonomic and phylogenetic problems in Pterista.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry G Zagumyonnyi
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742 Borok, Russia.
| | - Denis V Tikhonenkov
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, 152742 Borok, Russia
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2
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Gerasimova EA, Mindolina YV, Tikhonenkov DV, Kataev VY, Balkin AS, Mikhailov KV, Zagumyonnyi DG, Plotnikov AO, Zlatogursky VV. Unexpected ubiquity of heart-shaped scale morphotype in Centroplasthelida (Haptista): Ancestral trait or multiple acquisitions? J Eukaryot Microbiol 2023; 70:e12992. [PMID: 37452443 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Centrohelids (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) are axopodial protists with a remarkable diversity of external siliceous scale morphologies. It is believed that the last common ancestor of centrohelids had a double layer of siliceous scales composed of plate scales closer to a cell surface and spine scales radiating outwards. The characteristic morphotype of spine scales with a heart-shaped base was once believed to be a unique feature of the genus Choanocystis, as it was defined by Siemensma and Roijackers (1988). Further research revealed that this morphology is present in different and sometimes distantly related lineages: Ozanamiidae, Meringosphaeridae, and Marophryidae. Here, we report the fourth clade, Pterocystidae, which is also revealed to contain representatives having this phenotype. Cernunnos gen. nov. is erected here to place Cernunnos uralica sp. nov., Cernunnos arctica sp. nov., Cernunnos america sp. nov., and Cernunnos antarctica Tikhonenkov et Mylnikov, 2010, Gerasimova comb. nov. C. uralica was studied with scanning electron microscopy and SSU rDNA sequencing. Molecular phylogenetic analysis placed it into marine environmental clade P within Pterocystida. The ubiquity of spine scales with heart-shaped bases could be an example of parallel evolution, but taking into account the considerable similarity it is likely an ancestral trait, acquired from the last common ancestor of centrohelids.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yulia V Mindolina
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Denis V Tikhonenkov
- AquaBioSafe Laboratory, University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
| | - Vladimir Y Kataev
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Alexander S Balkin
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Kirill V Mikhailov
- Belozersky Institute for Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Kharkevich Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry G Zagumyonnyi
- AquaBioSafe Laboratory, University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia
- Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia
| | - Andrey O Plotnikov
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Orenburg, Russia
| | - Vasily V Zlatogursky
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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3
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Ratcliffe S, Meyer EM, Walker CE, Knight M, McNair HM, Matson PG, Iglesias-Rodriguez D, Brzezinski M, Langer G, Sadekov A, Greaves M, Brownlee C, Curnow P, Taylor AR, Wheeler GL. Characterization of the molecular mechanisms of silicon uptake in coccolithophores. Environ Microbiol 2023; 25:315-330. [PMID: 36397254 PMCID: PMC10098502 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Coccolithophores are an important group of calcifying marine phytoplankton. Although coccolithophores are not silicified, some species exhibit a requirement for Si in the calcification process. These species also possess a novel protein (SITL) that resembles the SIT family of Si transporters found in diatoms. However, the nature of Si transport in coccolithophores is not yet known, making it difficult to determine the wider role of Si in coccolithophore biology. Here, we show that coccolithophore SITLs act as Na+ -coupled Si transporters when expressed in heterologous systems and exhibit similar characteristics to diatom SITs. We find that CbSITL from Coccolithus braarudii is transcriptionally regulated by Si availability and is expressed in environmental coccolithophore populations. However, the Si requirement of C. braarudii and other coccolithophores is very low, with transport rates of exogenous Si below the level of detection in sensitive assays of Si transport. As coccoliths contain only low levels of Si, we propose that Si acts to support the calcification process, rather than forming a structural component of the coccolith itself. Si is therefore acting as a micronutrient in coccolithophores and natural populations are only likely to experience Si limitation in circumstances where dissolved silicon (DSi) is depleted to extreme levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erin M Meyer
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Charlotte E Walker
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, UK
| | - Michael Knight
- School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Heather M McNair
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Paul G Matson
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Debora Iglesias-Rodriguez
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA
| | - Mark Brzezinski
- Department of Ecology Evolution and Marine Biology and the Marine Science Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, California, USA
- Graduate School of Oceanography, University of Rhode Island, Narragansett, Rhode Island, USA
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Gerald Langer
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, UK
| | - Aleksey Sadekov
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Coral Reef Studies, Ocean Graduate School, University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Mervyn Greaves
- The Godwin Laboratory for Palaeoclimate Research, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Colin Brownlee
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, UK
| | - Paul Curnow
- School of Biochemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Alison R Taylor
- Department of Biology and Marine Biology, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina, USA
| | - Glen L Wheeler
- Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth, UK
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Shɨshkin-Skarð Y, Drachko D, Zlatogursky VV. Shedding light on the origin of Acanthocystidae: Ricksol blepharistes gen. n., sp. n. (Ricksolidae fam. n., Panacanthocystida, Centroplasthelida), with notes on the evolution of the genera Acanthocystis, Ozanamia gen. n. (Ozanamiidae fam. n.), and “Heterophrys-like organisms”. ORG DIVERS EVOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-022-00595-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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5
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Centrohelid heliozoans of Ukraine with a description of a new genus and species (Haptista: Centroplasthelida). Eur J Protistol 2022; 86:125916. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Morphology and spicules elemental composition of Marophrys nikolaevi spec. nov. (Haptista: Centroplasthelida). Eur J Protistol 2022; 84:125888. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2022.125888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Shishkin Y, Drachko D, Zlatogursky VV. Clypifer cribrifer gen. nov., sp. nov. (Clypiferidae fam. nov., Pterocystida, Centroplasthelida), with notes on evolution of centrohelid siliceous coverings. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34196605 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A new family, genus and species of centrohelid heliozoans, Clypifer cribrifer gen. nov., sp. nov. (Clypiferidae fam. nov.), from the Gulf of Aqaba (Israel) was studied with light and electron microscopy and SSU rRNA gene sequencing. Clypifer cribrifer has only one type of scales, partially running up the sides of the axopodia. Plate scales [0.8-2.3 (av. 1.5)×0.6-1.8 (av. 1.2) μm] are flat, elliptical or circular, fenestrated with holes of irregular shape and have a marginal rim and a very short axial rib. The cell diameter is 3.9-9.6 (av. 6.0) μm. Molecular phylogenetic analysis robustly places C. cribrifer in the C4 clade for which the new family Clypiferidae is proposed here. This position is confirmed with the short sequences in the panacanthocystid increased regions. The morphology of the new genus has similarities to the genus Raphidocystis. The probability that another Clypifer species was described under a different name in the centrohelid literature is discussed. Clypiferidae represent the second lineage of Pterocystida, which are characterized by the presence of only tangentially oriented plate scales of one type. Possible ways of evolution of the centrohelid siliceous coverings are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yegor Shishkin
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Daria Drachko
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Cellular & Molecular Protistology, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Embankment 1, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vasily V Zlatogursky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya Embankment 7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
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Riedman LA, Porter SM, Czaja AD. Phosphatic scales in vase-shaped microfossil assemblages from Death Valley, Grand Canyon, Tasmania, and Svalbard. GEOBIOLOGY 2021; 19:364-375. [PMID: 33634584 DOI: 10.1111/gbi.12439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although biomineralized skeletal elements dominate the Phanerozoic fossil record, they did not become common until ~550-520 Ma when independent acquisitions of biomineralization appeared in multiple lineages of animals and a few protists (single-celled eukaryotes). Evidence of biomineralization preceding the late Ediacaran is spotty aside from the apatitic scale microfossils of the ~811 Ma Fifteenmile Group, northwestern Canada. Here, we describe scale-shaped microfossils from four vase-shaped microfossil (VSM)-bearing units of later Tonian age: the Togari Group of Tasmania, Chuar and Pahrump groups of southwestern United States, and the Roaldtoppen Group of Svalbard. These scale-shaped microfossils consist of thin, ~13 micron-long plates typically surrounded by a 1-3 micron-thick colorless envelope; they are found singly and in heterotypic and monotypic clusters of a few to >20 specimens. Raman spectroscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy indicate these microfossils are composed of apatite and kerogen, just as is seen in the Fifteenmile Group scale microfossils. Despite compositional similarity, however, these scales are probably not homologous, representing instead, an independent acquisition of apatite mineralization. We propose that these apatite-kerogen scale-shaped microfossils are skeletal elements of a protistan cell. In particular, their consistent co-occurrence with VSMs, and similarities with scales of arcellinid testate amoebae, a group to which the VSMs are thought to belong, suggest the possibility that these microfossils may be test-forming scales of ancient arcellinid testate amoebae. The apparent apatite biomineralization in both these microfossils and the Fifteenmile scales is unexpected given its exceedingly rare use in skeletons of modern protists. This modern absence is attributed to the extravagance of using a limiting nutrient in a structural element, but multiple occurrences of apatite biomineralization in the Tonian suggest that phosphorus was not a limiting nutrient for these organisms, a suggestion consistent with the idea that dissolved seawater phosphate concentrations may have been higher at this time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh Anne Riedman
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Earth Science, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Susannah M Porter
- Department of Earth Science, University of California at Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA
| | - Andrew D Czaja
- Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Heterotrophic flagellates and centrohelid heliozoans from marine waters of Curacao, the Netherlands Antilles. Eur J Protistol 2020; 77:125758. [PMID: 33307359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Recent progress in understanding the early evolution of eukaryotes was tied to morphological identification of flagellates and heliozoans from natural samples, isolation of their culture and genomic and ultrastructural investigations. These protists are the smallest and least studied microbial eukaryotes but play an important role in the functioning of microbial food webs. Using light and electron microscopy, we have studied the diversity of heterotrophic flagellates and centrohelid heliozoans from marine waters of Curacao (The Netherlands Antilles), and provide micrographs and morphological descriptions of observed species. Among 86 flagellates and 3 centrohelids encountered in this survey, five heterotrophic flagellates and one сentrohelid heliozoan were not identified even to the genus. Some flagellate protists have a unique morphology, and may represent undescribed lineages of eukaryotes of high taxonomic rank. The vast majority (89%) of identified flagellates is characterized by wide geographical distribution and have been reported previously from all hemispheres and various climatic regions. More than half of the species were previously observed not only from marine, but also from freshwater habitats. The parameters of the species accumulation curve indicate that our species list obtained for the Curacao study sites is far from complete, and each new sample should yield new species.
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10
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Drachko D, Shɨshkin Y, Zlatogursky VV. Phenotypic masquerade: Polymorphism in the life cycle of the centrohelid heliozoan Raphidiophrys heterophryoidea (Haptista: Centroplasthelida). Eur J Protistol 2020; 73:125686. [PMID: 32109646 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The life cycle of the centrohelid heliozoan Raphidiophrys heterophryoidea Zlatogursky, 2012 was studied with light and electron microscopy in clonal cultures from the type locality. The alternation of two types of trophozoites, having contrastingly different morphology, was observed. Type 1 trophozoites morphology matched the original description. Type 2 trophozoites tended to form colonies usually of 6-8 individuals, connected with cytoplasmic bridges and their cell size was noticeably bigger, namely 43-45 μm compared to 24.5 μm on average in type 1 trophozoites. Some colonies were forming stalks composed of three or four axopodia covered with scales. Spicules were lacking completely, while plate-scales differed from those of type 1 trophozoites: they had oblong-elliptical shape, larger (5.9-14.1 × 2.4-5.8 μm) size, non-branching septa always reaching scale centre, solid upper plate. The conspecificity of the two trophozoite types was confirmed with the comparison of SSU rDNA gene sequence data. Both types of trophozoites were capable of encystment and excysted individuals always were type 1 trophozoites. A new type of cyst-scales (cup-scales) was described. Transitions between cysts and the two trophozoites types were documented. The diagnosis of R. heterophryoidea was improved accordingly. The possible functions, driving forces, and taxonomic consequences of the polymorphism were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Drachko
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja nab. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Protistology, Zoological Institute RAS, Universitetskaja nab. 1,199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Yegor Shɨshkin
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja nab. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vasily V Zlatogursky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaja nab. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia
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11
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Gerasimova EA, Plotnikov AO, Khlopko YA, Zlatogursky VV. Multiple Euryhaline Lineages of Centrohelids (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) in Inland Saline Waters Revealed with Metabarcoding. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2019; 67:223-231. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Gerasimova
- Center of Shared Scientific Equipment “Persistence of Microorganisms” Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Orenburg 460000 Russia
| | - Andrey O. Plotnikov
- Center of Shared Scientific Equipment “Persistence of Microorganisms” Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Orenburg 460000 Russia
| | - Yuri A. Khlopko
- Center of Shared Scientific Equipment “Persistence of Microorganisms” Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences Orenburg 460000 Russia
| | - Vasily V. Zlatogursky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
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12
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Zlatogursky VV, Gerasimova EA, Drachko D, Klimov VI, Shɨshkin Y, Plotnikov AO. Pinjata ruminata
gen. et sp. n.—A New Member of Centrohelid Family Yogsothothidae (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) from the Brackish River. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2019; 66:862-868. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasily V. Zlatogursky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Elena A. Gerasimova
- Center of Shared Scientific Equipment Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UrB RAS Orenburg 460000 Russia
| | - Daria Drachko
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Protistology Zoological Institute RAS St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Klimov
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Yegor Shɨshkin
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology Faculty of Biology St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Andrey O. Plotnikov
- Center of Shared Scientific Equipment Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis UrB RAS Orenburg 460000 Russia
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13
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Shɨshkin Y, Drachko D, Klimov VI, Zlatogursky VV. Yogsothoth knorrus gen. n., sp. n. and Y. carteri sp. n. (Yogsothothidae fam. n., Haptista, Centroplasthelida), with Notes on Evolution and Systematics of Centrohelids. Protist 2018; 169:682-696. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2018.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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14
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On the phylogenetic position of the genus Raphidocystis (Haptista: Centroplasthelida) with notes on the dimorphism in centrohelid life cycle. Eur J Protistol 2018; 64:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejop.2018.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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15
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Yu J, Hu F, Dossa K, Wang Z, Ke T. Genome-wide analysis of UDP-glycosyltransferase super family in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea reveals its evolutionary history and functional characterization. BMC Genomics 2017. [PMID: 28645261 PMCID: PMC5481917 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-3844-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glycosyltransferases comprise a highly divergent and polyphyletic multigene family that is involved in widespread modification of plant secondary metabolites in a process called glycosylation. According to conserved domains identified in their amino acid sequences, these glycosyltransferases can be classified into a single UDP-glycosyltransferase (UGT) 1 superfamily. Results We performed genome-wide comparative analysis of UGT genes to trace evolutionary history in algae, bryophytes, pteridophytes, and angiosperms; then, we further investigated the expansion mechanisms and function characterization of UGT gene families in Brassica rapa and Brassica oleracea. Using Hidden Markov Model search, we identified 3, 21, 140, 200, 115, 147, and 147 UGTs in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, Physcomitrella patens, Selaginella moellendorffii, Oryza sativa, Arabidopsis thaliana, B. rapa, and B. oleracea, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that UGT80 gene family is an ancient gene family, which is shared by all plants and UGT74 gene family is shared by ferns and angiosperms, but the remaining UGT gene families were shared by angiosperms. In dicot lineage, UGTs among three species were classified into three subgroups containing 3, 6, and 12 UGT gene families. Analysis of chromosomal distribution indicates that 98.6 and 71.4% of UGTs were located on B. rapa and B. oleracea pseudo-molecules, respectively. Expansion mechanism analyses uncovered that whole genome duplication event exerted larger influence than tandem duplication on expansion of UGT gene families in B. rapa, and B. oleracea. Analysis of selection forces of UGT orthologous gene pairs in B. rapa, and B. oleracea compared to A. thaliana suggested that orthologous genes in B. rapa, and B. oleracea have undergone negative selection, but there were no significant differences between A. thaliana –B. rapa and A. thaliana –B. oleracea lineages. Our comparisons of expression profiling illustrated that UGTs in B. rapa performed more discrete expression patterns than these in B. oleracea indicating stronger function divergence. Combing with phylogeny and expression analysis, the UGTs in B. rapa and B. oleracea experienced parallel evolution after they diverged from a common ancestor. Conclusion We first traced the evolutionary history of UGT gene families in plants and revealed its evolutionary and functional characterization of UGTs in B. rapa, and B. oleracea. This study provides novel insights into the evolutionary history and functional divergence of important traits or phenotype-related gene families in plants. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-017-3844-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyin Yu
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road, Nanyang, 473061, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Fan Hu
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Komivi Dossa
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road, Nanyang, 473061, China.,Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Oil Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Oil Crops Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zhaokai Wang
- Third Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Fujian, 361005, China.
| | - Tao Ke
- Department of Life Science and Technology, Nanyang Normal University, Wolong Road, Nanyang, 473061, China.
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Barcoding Heliozoa: Perspectives of 18S rDNA for Distinguishing Between Acanthocystis Species. Protist 2016; 167:555-567. [DOI: 10.1016/j.protis.2016.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2016] [Revised: 09/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Zlatogursky VV, Gerasimova EA, Plotnikov AO. A New Species of Centrohelid Heliozoan Acanthocystis amura
n. sp. Isolated From Two Remote Locations in Russia. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2016; 64:434-439. [DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Revised: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vasily V. Zlatogursky
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology; Faculty of Biology; St. Petersburg State University; St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Elena A. Gerasimova
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis; Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Orenburg 460000 Russia
| | - Andrey O. Plotnikov
- Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis; Ural Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences; Orenburg 460000 Russia
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