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Manelis A, Hu H, Miceli R, Satz S, Lau R, Iyengar S, Swartz HA. The relationship between the size and asymmetry of the lateral ventricles and cortical myelin content in individuals with mood disorders. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2024:2024.04.30.24306621. [PMID: 38746112 PMCID: PMC11092679 DOI: 10.1101/2024.04.30.24306621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Background Although enlargement of the lateral ventricles was previously observed in individuals with mood disorders, the link between ventricular size and asymmetry with other indices of brain structure remains underexplored. In this study, we examined the association of lateral ventricular size and asymmetry with cortical myelin content in individuals with bipolar (BD) and depressive (DD) disorders compared to healthy controls (HC). Methods Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used to obtain T1w and T2w images from 149 individuals (age=27.7 (SD=6.1) years, 78% female, BD=38, DD=57, HC=54). Cortical myelin content was calculated using the T1w/T2w ratio. Elastic net regularized regression identified brain regions whose myelin content was associated with ventricular size and asymmetry. A post-hoc linear regression examined how participants' diagnosis, illness duration, and current level of depression moderated the relationship between the size and asymmetry of the lateral ventricles and levels of cortical myelin in the selected brain regions. Results Individuals with mood disorders had larger lateral ventricles than HC. Larger ventricles and lower asymmetry were observed in individuals with BD who had longer lifetime illness duration and more severe current depressive symptoms. A greater left asymmetry was observed in participants with DD than in those with BD (p<0.01). Elastic net revealed that both ventricular enlargement and asymmetry were associated with altered myelin content in cingulate, frontal, and sensorimotor cortices. In BD, but not other groups, ventricular enlargement was related to altered myelin content in the right insular regions. Conclusions Lateral ventricular enlargement and asymmetry are linked to myelin content imbalance, thus, potentially leading to emotional and cognitive dysfunction in mood disorders.
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Gao W, Cui D, Jiao Q, Su L, Yang R, Lu G. Brain structural alterations in pediatric bipolar disorder patients with and without psychotic symptoms. J Affect Disord 2021; 286:87-93. [PMID: 33714175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder (BD) with psychotic symptoms is a specific phenotype that presents greater risk of relapse and worse outcomes than nonpsychotic BD, however, the underlying mechanisms remain unknown and are less revealed in youth. Thus, the aims of the present study were to investigate brain structural alterations in pediatric bipolar disorder (PBD) patients with and without psychotic symptoms, and specifically to evaluate the impact of psychotic features on gray matter volume (GMV) in PBD patients. METHOD A total of 73 individuals were recruited into three groups, n = 28, psychotic PBD, P-PBD; n = 26, nonpsychotic PBD, NP-PBD; and n = 19, healthy controls, HC. All participants underwent high-resolution structural magnetic resonance scans. Voxel-based morphometry was used to investigate GMV alterations. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) were performed to obtain brain regions with significant differences among three groups and then post hoc tests were calculated for inter-group comparisons. RESULTS The ANOVA revealed significant GMV differences among three groups in the bilateral amygdala-hippocampus-parahippocampal complex (AMY-HIS-ParaHIS complex), left superior temporal gyrus (STG), left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), bilateral putamen (PUT), left precentral gyrus (PG), left supramarginal gyrus (SMG), and right inferior parietal lobule (IPL). Compared with HCs, P-PBD patients showed decreased GMV in the bilateral AMY-HIS-ParaHIS complex, left STG, left IFG, bilateral PUT, and left PG; while NP-PBD patients exhibited decreased GMV in the left IFG, left PG, left SMG, and right IPL. Furthermore, P-PBD patients showed increased GMV in the right IPL when comparing to NP-PBD patients. LIMITATION The present findings require replication in larger samples and verification in medication free subjects. CONCLUSION The present findings suggested that psychotic features in PBD were associated with extensive brain structural lesions mainly located in the prefrontal-limbic-striatum circuit, which might represent the pathological basis of more sever symptoms in patients with psychotic PBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Gao
- Department of Child Psychology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dong Cui
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Jiao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai'an, Shandong, China.
| | - Linyan Su
- Mental Health Institute, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Key Laboratory of Psychiatry and Mental Health of Hunan Province, National Technology Institute of Psychiatry, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Rongwang Yang
- Department of Child Psychology, The Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health, National Children's Regional Medical Center, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guangming Lu
- Department of Medical Imaging, Jinling Hospital, Clinical School of Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Yousef HA, ElSerogy YMBE, Abdelal SM, Abdel-Rahman SR. Voxel-based morphometry in patients with mood disorder bipolar I mania in comparison to normal controls. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-019-0119-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Neuroimaging is used to study brain structural alterations in neuropsychiatric diseases including bipolar disorder (BD). Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) quantifies structural changes detected in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The aim of this study was to identify brain structural changes in patients with mood disorder bipolar I mania, compared to healthy controls; and detect any correlations between volumetric findings and different clinical aspects of the disease. VBM was used to identify structural changes in 24 patients with bipolar I mania compared to 16 controls. Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) was used to evaluate clinical severity of BD. t test was used to compare differences in volumetric data and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient was used to detect potential correlations between volumetric data and clinical parameters of BD.
Results
Compared to controls, BD patients had significantly larger right globus pallidus and right lateral ventricle. There was significant correlation between volumetric data of different brain structures and clinical criteria of BD including age of onset, illness duration, YMRS, number of manic attacks, and duration of the last attack.
Conclusions
VBM could address specific structural findings in bipolar I mania that may contribute to pathophysiology of the disease and show significant correlation with different clinical aspects of the disease.
Trial registration
This clinical trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration number NCT03181698, registered 11 June 2017.
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Keramatian K, Dhanoa T, McGirr A, Lang DJ, Honer WG, Lam RW, Yatham LN. Structural brain changes in first episode mania with and without psychosis: Data from the Systematic Treatment Optimization Program for Early Mania (STOP-EM). World J Biol Psychiatry 2019; 19:S30-S40. [PMID: 27762161 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2016.1249950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The neurobiological underpinnings of bipolar I disorder are not yet understood. Previous structural neuroimaging studies of bipolar disorder have produced rather conflicting results. We hypothesise that clinical sub-phenotypes of bipolar I disorder defined by their psychotic symptoms, especially those with mood-incongruent psychotic features, may have more extensive structural brain abnormalities. METHODS We investigated structural brain alterations in patients with first-episode mania (n = 55) with mood-congruent (n = 16) and mood-incongruent (n = 32) psychotic features, as well as those without psychotic symptoms (n = 7), relative to healthy subjects (n = 56). RESULTS Total intracranial volume was significantly reduced in patients with mood-incongruent psychosis compared to healthy subjects while cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume was significantly increased. Patients with mood-congruent psychosis showed significant reduction in total white matter volume and significant CSF volume increase. Patients with psychosis had significant volume reduction in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortices. Relative to mood-congruent psychotic features, mood-incongruent psychotic features were associated with volume reduction in the left middle temporal gyrus, right inferior parietal gyrus, right fusiform gyrus, left middle orbitofrontal gyrus and cerebellum. CONCLUSIONS While preliminary, our findings suggest that the presence and type of psychosis in first-episode mania may be phenotypic markers of underlying biological variants of bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamyar Keramatian
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Taj Dhanoa
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Alexander McGirr
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Donna J Lang
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - William G Honer
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Raymond W Lam
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Lakshmi N Yatham
- a Department of Psychiatry , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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Wang X, Tian F, Wang S, Cheng B, Qiu L, He M, Wang H, Duan M, Dai J, Jia Z. Gray matter bases of psychotic features in adult bipolar disorder: A systematic review and voxel-based meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies. Hum Brain Mapp 2018; 39:4707-4723. [PMID: 30096212 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.24316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psychotic bipolar disorder (P-BD) is a specific subset that presents greater risk of relapse and worse outcomes than nonpsychotic bipolar disorder (NP-BD). To explore the neuroanatomical bases of psychotic dimension in bipolar disorder (BD), a systematic review was carried out based on the gray matter volume (GMV) among P-BD and NP-BD patients and healthy controls (HC). Further, we conducted a meta-analysis of GMV differences between P-BD patients and HC using a whole-brain imaging approach. Our review revealed that P-BD patients exhibited smaller GMVs mainly in the prefronto-temporal and cingulate cortices, the precentral gyrus, and insula relative to HC both qualitatively and quantitatively. Qualitatively the comparison between P-BD and NP-BD patients suggested inconsistent GMV alterations mainly involving the prefrontal cortex, while NP-BD patients showed GMV deficits in local regions compared with HC. The higher proportions of female patients and patients taking psychotropic medication in P-BD and P-BD type I were associated with smaller GMV in the right precentral gyrus, and the right insula, respectively. In conclusions, psychosis in BD might be associated with specific cortical GMV deficits. Gender and psychotropic medication might have effects on the regional GMVs in P-BD patients. It is necessary to distinguish psychotic dimension in neuroimaging studies of BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuli Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangfang Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Song Wang
- Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bochao Cheng
- Department of Radiology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lihua Qiu
- Department of Radiology, The Second People's Hospital of Yibin, Yibin, China
| | - Manxi He
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongming Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingjun Duan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyun Jia
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Radiology, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Kirazlı Ö, Bay HH, Çakmak YÖ, Onat F, Çavdar S. Comparison of cerebral ventricular volumes and cortical thicknesses in normal rats and Genetic Absence Epilepsy (GAERS): A developmental study. Int J Dev Neurosci 2018; 68:98-105. [PMID: 29792913 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijdevneu.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Ventricular enlargement and cortical atrophy have been associated with various central nervous system diseases. The aim of the present study was to measure the volumes of the lateral (LV) and third (3V) ventricles and to determine the cortical thickness for the motor (MCx), somatosensory (SSCx), visual (VCx) and auditory (AuCx) cortex and the striatum of Wistar rats, in a developmental series at 10, 20, 30, and 60 days postnatal, and to compare them with similar data from genetic absence epilepsy rats from Strasbourg (GAERS). Serial sections were taken from the brains of Wistar and GAERS animals and were Nissl stained. Photographs were taken from specific sections of the brain for measurements of ventricular volume, cortical and striatal thickness. The image-j computer program was used for the volume and thickness measurements. The data was statistically analyzed by 3-way ANOVA using SPSS 15. Comparison of the measurements of GAERS and Wistar animals showed no statistically significant differences at any of the developmental stages regarding the ventricular (LV and 3V) volumes. However, at P60 and P30 of the MCx, P30 of the SSCx, P20 of the VCx and AuCx showed a significantly thinner cortical thickness in the GAERS than in the Wistar animals. The striatal measurements showed significant decrease in thickness of the striatum at P30 and P60. Further, brain size measurements (between the two temporal poles) showed significant decrease in the size at P30 and P60 of GAERS animals. The presence of thinner cortical and striatal thicknesses and smaller brain size in GAERS animals may suggests that these changes could be involved in the mechanism of epileptogenicity or be a result of the epileptogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Kirazlı
- Department of Anatomy, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Filiz Onat
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul - Turkey
| | - Safiye Çavdar
- Department of Anatomy, Koç University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
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7
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Ekman CJ, Petrovic P, Johansson AGM, Sellgren C, Ingvar M, Landén M. A History of Psychosis in Bipolar Disorder is Associated With Gray Matter Volume Reduction. Schizophr Bull 2017; 43:99-107. [PMID: 27289116 PMCID: PMC5216851 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbw080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Psychotic symptoms are prevalent in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric and neurological disorders, yet the neurobiological underpinnings of psychosis remain obscure. In the last decade, a large number of magnetic resonance imaging studies have shown differences in local gray matter volume between patients with different psychiatric syndromes and healthy controls. Few studies have focused on the symptoms, which these syndromes are constituted of. Here, we test the association between psychosis and gray matter volume by using a sample of 167 subjects with bipolar disorder, with and without a history of psychosis, and 102 healthy controls. Magnetic resonance images were analyzed on group level using a voxel-wise mass univariate analysis (Voxel-Based Morphometry). We found that patients with a history of psychosis had smaller gray matter volume in left fusiform gyrus, the right rostral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the left inferior frontal gyrus compared with patients without psychosis and with healthy controls. There was no volume difference in these areas between the no-psychosis group and healthy controls. These areas have previously been structurally and functionally coupled to delusions and hallucinations. Our finding adds further evidence to the probability of these regions as key areas in the development of psychotic symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl Johan Ekman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;
| | - Predrag Petrovic
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Carl Sellgren
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Martin Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mikael Landén
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden;,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Buoli M, Caldiroli A, Cumerlato Melter C, Serati M, de Nijs J, Altamura AC. Biological aspects and candidate biomarkers for psychotic bipolar disorder: A systematic review. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2016; 70:227-44. [PMID: 26969211 DOI: 10.1111/pcn.12386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM We carried out a systematic review of the available literature about potential biomarkers of psychotic bipolar disorder (BD-P), a specific subset presenting worse outcome and greater risk of relapse than non-psychotic bipolar disorder (BD-NP). METHODS We searched the main psychiatric databases (PubMed, ISI Web of Knowledge, PsychInfo). Only original articles with the main topic of BD-P compared to schizophrenia/BD-NP/healthy controls (HC) written in English from 1994 to 2015 were included. RESULTS BD-P patients presented higher kynurenic acid levels in the cerebrospinal fluid, elevated anti- S accharomyces cerevisiae antibodies levels, and lower serum levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and progesterone than BD-NP/HC. Event-related potentials abnormalities have been identified in BD-P with respect to BD-NP. BD-P patients also presented bigger ventricles but similar hippocampal volumes compared to BD-NP/HC. Although the results are contrasting, some cognitive deficits seemed to be related to the psychotic dimension of bipolar affective disorder, such as impairment in verbal/logical memory, working memory, verbal and semantic fluency and executive functioning. Finally, polymorphisms of genes, such as NRG1, 5HTTLPR (s), COMT, DAOA and some chromosome regions (16p12 and 13q), were positively associated with BD-P. CONCLUSION Data about the identification of specific biomarkers for BD-P are promising, but most of them have not yet been replicated. They could lead the clinicians to an early diagnosis and proper treatment, thus ameliorating outcome of BD-P and reducing the biological changes associated with a long duration of illness. Further studies with bigger samples are needed to detect more specific biological markers of the psychotic dimension of bipolar affective disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimiliano Buoli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy.,Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht - Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alice Caldiroli
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudia Cumerlato Melter
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Marta Serati
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Jessica de Nijs
- Department of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Utrecht - Brain Centre Rudolf Magnus, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - A Carlo Altamura
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Milan, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
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9
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Hozer F, Houenou J. Can neuroimaging disentangle bipolar disorder? J Affect Disord 2016; 195:199-214. [PMID: 26896814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 01/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bipolar disorder heterogeneity is large, leading to difficulties in identifying neuropathophysiological and etiological mechanisms and hindering the formation of clinically homogeneous patient groups in clinical trials. Identifying markers of clinically more homogeneous groups would help disentangle BD heterogeneity. Neuroimaging may aid in identifying such groups by highlighting specific biomarkers of BD subtypes or clinical dimensions. METHODS We performed a systematic literature search of the neuroimaging literature assessing biomarkers of relevant BD phenotypes (type-I vs. II, presence vs. absence of psychotic features, suicidal behavior and impulsivity, rapid cycling, good vs. poor medication response, age at onset, cognitive performance and circadian abnormalities). RESULTS Consistent biomarkers were associated with suicidal behavior, i.e. frontal/anterior alterations (prefrontal and cingulate grey matter, prefrontal white matter) in patients with a history of suicide attempts; and with cognitive performance, i.e. involvement of frontal and temporal regions, superior and inferior longitudinal fasciculus, right thalamic radiation, and corpus callosum in executive dysfunctions. For the other dimensions and sub-types studied, no consistent biomarkers were identified. LIMITATIONS Studies were heterogeneous both in methodology and outcome. CONCLUSIONS Though theoretically promising, neuroimaging has not yet proven capable of disentangling subtypes and dimensions of bipolar disorder, due to high between-study heterogeneity. We issue recommendations for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz Hozer
- Neurospin, UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, I2BM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France; INSERM U955, IMRB, Université Paris Est, Equipe 15 "Psychiatrie Translationnelle", Créteil F-94000, France; Fondation Fondamental, Créteil F-94010, France
| | - Josselin Houenou
- Neurospin, UNIACT, Psychiatry Team, I2BM, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France; INSERM U955, IMRB, Université Paris Est, Equipe 15 "Psychiatrie Translationnelle", Créteil F-94000, France; Fondation Fondamental, Créteil F-94010, France; AP-HP, Hôpitaux Universitaires Mondor, DHU PePsy, Pôle de Psychiatrie, Créteil F-94000, France.
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10
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Corcoba A, Steullet P, Duarte JMN, Van de Looij Y, Monin A, Cuenod M, Gruetter R, Do KQ. Glutathione Deficit Affects the Integrity and Function of the Fimbria/Fornix and Anterior Commissure in Mice: Relevance for Schizophrenia. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 19:pyv110. [PMID: 26433393 PMCID: PMC4815475 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyv110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 09/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Structural anomalies of white matter are found in various brain regions of patients with schizophrenia and bipolar and other psychiatric disorders, but the causes at the cellular and molecular levels remain unclear. Oxidative stress and redox dysregulation have been proposed to play a role in the pathophysiology of several psychiatric conditions, but their anatomical and functional consequences are poorly understood. The aim of this study was to investigate white matter throughout the brain in a preclinical model of redox dysregulation. METHODS In a mouse model with impaired glutathione synthesis (Gclm KO), a state-of-the-art multimodal magnetic resonance protocol at high field (14.1 T) was used to assess longitudinally the white matter structure, prefrontal neurochemical profile, and ventricular volume. Electrophysiological recordings in the abnormal white matter tracts identified by diffusion tensor imaging were performed to characterize the functional consequences of fractional anisotropy alterations. RESULTS Structural alterations observed at peri-pubertal age and adulthood in Gclm KO mice were restricted to the anterior commissure and fornix-fimbria. Reduced fractional anisotropy in the anterior commissure (-7.5% ± 1.9, P<.01) and fornix-fimbria (-4.5% ± 1.3, P<.05) were accompanied by reduced conduction velocity in fast-conducting fibers of the posterior limb of the anterior commissure (-14.3% ± 5.1, P<.05) and slow-conducting fibers of the fornix-fimbria (-8.6% ± 2.6, P<.05). Ventricular enlargement was found at peri-puberty (+25% ± 8 P<.05) but not in adult Gclm KO mice. CONCLUSIONS Glutathione deficit in Gclm KO mice affects ventricular size and the integrity of the fornix-fimbria and anterior commissure. This suggests that redox dysregulation could contribute during neurodevelopment to the impaired white matter and ventricle enlargement observed in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Corcoba
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - Pascal Steullet
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - João M N Duarte
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - Yohan Van de Looij
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - Aline Monin
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - Michel Cuenod
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - Rolf Gruetter
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter)
| | - Kim Q Do
- Laboratory for Functional and Metabolic Imaging, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, and Drs Duarte, Van de Looij, and Gruetter); Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital, CHUV, Lausanne, Switzerland (Mr Corcoba, Drs Steullet, Monin, Cuenod, and Do); Division of Child Growth & Development, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Van de Looij); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter); Department of Radiology, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland (Dr Gruetter).
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11
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Haukvik UK, McNeil T, Lange EH, Melle I, Dale AM, Andreassen OA, Agartz I. Pre- and perinatal hypoxia associated with hippocampus/amygdala volume in bipolar disorder. Psychol Med 2014; 44:975-985. [PMID: 23803260 PMCID: PMC3936825 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291713001529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 05/29/2013] [Accepted: 05/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pre- and perinatal adversities may increase the risk for schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Hypoxia-related obstetric complications (OCs) are associated with brain anatomical abnormalities in schizophrenia, but their association with brain anatomy variation in bipolar disorder is unknown. METHOD Magnetic resonance imaging brain scans, clinical examinations and data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway were obtained for 219 adults, including 79 patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar disorder (age 29.4 years, s.d. = 11.8 years, 39% male) and 140 healthy controls (age 30.8 years, s.d. = 12.0 years, 53% male). Severe hypoxia-related OCs throughout pregnancy/birth and perinatal asphyxia were each studied in relation to a priori selected brain volumes (hippocampus, lateral ventricles and amygdala, obtained with FreeSurfer), using linear regression models covarying for age, sex, medication use and intracranial volume. Multiple comparison adjustment was applied. RESULTS Perinatal asphyxia was associated with smaller left amygdala volume (t = -2.59, p = 0.012) in bipolar disorder patients, but not in healthy controls. Patients with psychotic bipolar disorder showed distinct associations between perinatal asphyxia and smaller left amygdala volume (t = -2.69, p = 0.010), whereas patients with non-psychotic bipolar disorder showed smaller right hippocampal volumes related to both perinatal asphyxia (t = -2.60, p = 0.015) and severe OCs (t = -3.25, p = 0.003). No associations between asphyxia or severe OCs and the lateral ventricles were found. CONCLUSIONS Pre- and perinatal hypoxia-related OCs are related to brain morphometry in bipolar disorder in adulthood, with specific patterns in patients with psychotic versus non-psychotic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- U. K. Haukvik
- Department of Psychiatric Research,
Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo,
Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
| | - T. McNeil
- Department of Psychiatric Epidemiology,
Lund University, Lund,
Sweden
- School of Psychiatry and Clinical
Neurosciences, University of Western Australia,
Perth, WA, Australia
| | - E. H. Lange
- Department of Psychiatric Research,
Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo,
Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
| | - I. Melle
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division
of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University
Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - A. M. Dale
- Department of Neurosciences,
University of California San Diego, La Jolla,
CA, USA
- Department of Radiology,
University of California San Diego, La Jolla,
CA, USA
| | - O. A. Andreassen
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research, Division
of Mental Health and Addiction, Oslo University
Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - I. Agartz
- Department of Psychiatric Research,
Diakonhjemmet Hospital, Oslo,
Norway
- K. G. Jebsen Centre for Psychosis Research,
Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo,
Oslo, Norway
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12
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Lukoshe A, White T, Schmidt MN, van der Lugt A, Hokken-Koelega AC. Divergent structural brain abnormalities between different genetic subtypes of children with Prader-Willi syndrome. J Neurodev Disord 2013; 5:31. [PMID: 24144356 PMCID: PMC4015928 DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-5-31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 10/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prader–Willi syndrome (PWS) is a complex neurogenetic disorder with symptoms that indicate not only hypothalamic, but also a global, central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction. However, little is known about developmental differences in brain structure in children with PWS. Thus, our aim was to investigate global brain morphology in children with PWS, including the comparison between different genetic subtypes of PWS. In addition, we performed exploratory cortical and subcortical focal analyses. Methods High resolution structural magnetic resonance images were acquired in 20 children with genetically confirmed PWS (11 children carrying a deletion (DEL), 9 children with maternal uniparental disomy (mUPD)), and compared with 11 age- and gender-matched typically developing siblings as controls. Brain morphology measures were obtained using the FreeSurfer software suite. Results Both children with DEL and mUPD showed smaller brainstem volume, and a trend towards smaller cortical surface area and white matter volume. Children with mUPD had enlarged lateral ventricles and larger cortical cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume. Further, a trend towards increased cortical thickness was found in children with mUPD. Children with DEL had a smaller cerebellum, and smaller cortical and subcortical grey matter volumes. Focal analyses revealed smaller white matter volumes in left superior and bilateral inferior frontal gyri, right cingulate cortex, and bilateral precuneus areas associated with the default mode network (DMN) in children with mUPD. Conclusions Children with PWS show signs of impaired brain growth. Those with mUPD show signs of early brain atrophy. In contrast, children with DEL show signs of fundamentally arrested, although not deviant brain development and presented few signs of cortical atrophy. Our results of global brain measurements suggest divergent neurodevelopmental patterns in children with DEL and mUPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akvile Lukoshe
- Dutch Growth Research Foundation, Postbus 23068, Rotterdam 3001, KB, The Netherlands.
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13
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Ohtsuka N, Badurek S, Busslinger M, Benes FM, Minichiello L, Rudolph U. GABAergic neurons regulate lateral ventricular development via transcription factor Pax5. Genesis 2013; 51:234-45. [PMID: 23349049 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2012] [Revised: 01/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Postmortem studies have revealed a downregulation of the transcription factor Pax5 in GABAergic neurons in bipolar disorder, a neurodevelopmental disorder, raising the question whether Pax5 in GABAergic neurons has a role in normal brain development. In a genetic approach to study functions of Pax5 in GABAergic neurons, Pax5 was specifically deleted in GABAergic neurons from Pax5 floxed mice using a novel Gad1-Cre transgenic mouse line expressing Cre recombinase in Gad1-positive, that is, GABAergic neurons. Surprisingly, these mice developed a marked enlargement of the lateral ventricles at approximately 7 weeks of age, which was lethal within 1-2 weeks of its appearance. This hydrocephalus phenotype was observed in mice homozygous or heterozygous for the Pax5 conditional knockout, with a gene dosage-dependent penetrance. By QTL (quantitative trait loci) mapping, a 3.5 Mb segment on mouse chromosome 4 flanked by markers D4Mit237 and D4Mit214 containing approximately 92 genes including Pax5 has previously been linked to differences in lateral ventricular size. Our findings are consistent with Pax5 being a relevant gene underlying this QTL phenotype and demonstrate that Pax5 in GABAergic neurons is essential for normal ventricular development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Ohtsuka
- Program in Structural and Molecular Neuroscience, McLean Hospital, Belmont, MA, USA
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14
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Brennand KJ, Simone A, Tran N, Gage FH. Modeling psychiatric disorders at the cellular and network levels. Mol Psychiatry 2012; 17:1239-53. [PMID: 22472874 PMCID: PMC3465628 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2012.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Although psychiatric disorders such as autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder affect a number of brain regions and produce a complex array of clinical symptoms, basic phenotypes likely exist at the level of single neurons and simple networks. Being highly heritable, it is hypothesized that these disorders are amenable to cell-based studies in vitro. Using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neurons and/or induced neurons from fibroblasts, limitless numbers of live human neurons can now be generated from patients with a genetic background permissive to the disease state. We predict that cell-based studies will ultimately contribute to our understanding of the initiation, progression and treatment of these psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- KJ Brennand
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - A Simone
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - N Tran
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - FH Gage
- Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
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15
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Dropout rate and associated factors in patients with bipolar disorders. J Affect Disord 2012; 141:47-54. [PMID: 22410504 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2012.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 02/18/2012] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Effective, long-term therapy for bipolar disorders is a critical goal of mental health care, but achieving this goal is complicated by numerous factors in real clinical settings. The aim of this study was to investigate dropout patterns and their associated factors in patients with bipolar disorders. METHODS The study participants were 275 patients with DSM-IV bipolar disorders, receiving planned maintenance treatment among patients at the Mood Disorders Clinic of Seoul National University Bundang Hospital between January 2005 and December 2007. The rates of dropout in patients were prospectively examined for 3 years. The factors affecting the dropouts were analyzed using a Cox regression model. RESULTS The dropout rates were 10.9%, 20.4%, 24.7%, 33.8%, 44.0%, and 50.2% at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months after treatment entry, respectively. The dropout rates increased rapidly during the first three months and slowed after 12 months. Past psychotic symptoms (HR 0.523, 95% CI 0.339-0.807), longer illness duration (HR 0.975, 95% CI 0.955-0.966), past psychiatric diagnoses (bipolar disorder, HR 0.242, 95% CI 0.120-0.490; other axis I disorders 0.434, 95% CI 0.268-0.701), and a past history of dropouts (HR 1.746, 95% CI 1.028-2.965) significantly influenced the time to dropout in bipolar patients. The main reasons for dropout were 'denial of therapeutic need' (34.8%) and 'lack of treatment efficacy' (23.2%). Dropout from the maintenance phase of treatment was mainly attributed to the patients' poor understanding of the effects of their treatment. CONCLUSION A high early dropout rate for subjects with bipolar disorders was observed in this study, suggesting an increased risk for insufficient maintenance treatment. These results may support the role of psychoeducational approaches in enhancing adherence to treatment, as well as social approaches to improving public awareness. Following the early evaluation of a patient's concept of bipolar disorders, individualized psychoeducational strategies are necessary to improve the long-term outcomes for subjects with bipolar disorders.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent theories regarding the neuropathology of bipolar disorder suggest that both neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes may play a role. While magnetic resonance imaging has provided significant insight into the structural, functional, and connectivity abnormalities associated with bipolar disorder, research assessing longitudinal changes has been more limited. However, such research is essential to elucidate the pathophysiology of the disorder. The aim of our review is to examine the extant literature for developmental and progressive structural and functional changes in individuals with and at risk for bipolar disorder. METHODS We conducted a literature review using MEDLINE and the following search terms: bipolar disorder, risk, child, adolescent, bipolar offspring, MRI, fMRI, DTI, PET, SPECT, cross-sectional, longitudinal, progressive, and developmental. Further relevant articles were identified by cross-referencing with identified manuscripts. CONCLUSIONS There is some evidence for developmental and progressive neurophysiological alterations in bipolar disorder, but the interpretation of correlations between neuroimaging findings and measures of illness exposure or age in cross-sectional studies must be performed with care. Prospective longitudinal studies placed in the context of normative developmental and atrophic changes in neural structures and pathways thought to be involved in bipolar disorder are needed to improve our understanding of the neurodevelopmental underpinnings and progressive changes associated with bipolar disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite Reid Schneider
- Physician Scientist Training Program, Neuroscience Graduate Program Department, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219-0516, USA
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