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Chen H, Huang Y, Xue J, Luo K, Tang H, Zheng S, Xiong Y, Wu Y, Li J, Xuan R, Xiong R, Gong Y, Fang X, Wang L, Miao J, Zhou J, Tan H, Wang Y, Wu L, Ouyang J, Shen Y, Yan X. Genomic insights into the specialisation and selection of the Jinding duck. Animal 2025; 19:101374. [PMID: 39765181 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 11/04/2024] [Accepted: 11/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2025] Open
Abstract
The domestication of ducks represents a pivotal evolutionary shift from the unguided propagation of wild species to deliberate human-mediated selection, culminating in distinct behavioural, morphological, and physiological traits that differentiate domesticated ducks from their wild counterparts. This transition has yielded breeds with traits fine-tuned to specific economic roles, such as egg production, meat yield, or dual-purpose functionality. Duck domestication plays a significant role in poultry production globally, meeting the growing demand for eggs and meat in various regions. Here, we focus on the Jinding Duck (JDD), a breed renowned for its prolific egg-laying traits. Employing whole-genome resequencing data from 325 individuals across five Chinese indigenous duck breeds, we aimed to dissect the unique population structure and assess the genetic diversity within the JDD cohort. The findings reveal the distinct genetic heritage of JDD, diverged from other domesticated breeds, and show a relative paucity of genetic diversity. A salient discovery was a 200 kb genomic interval containing three genes (NCF2, SMG7, and ARPC5) with almost exclusive haplotypes, which were inherited from Anas platyrhynchos or Anas zonorhyncha, impacting the morphological attributes of JDD. The study highlights a c.28G>A non-synonymous mutation in the first exon of the LAMC1 gene, which is potentially influencing feather morphology in JDD. Our findings suggest that unique blue eggshell colouration in JDD is likely attributable to variations within the promoter element of the ABCG2 gene, distinguishing it from other breeds. Moreover, the MAP7 and FHL1 genes emerge as significant factors in the laying performance of JDD. These genetic insights are not only crucial for improving the JDD breed but also provide valuable information that could be applied to duck breeding programmes worldwide, helping enhance productivity and meet international demands for high-efficiency poultry breeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Y Huang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - J Xue
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - K Luo
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - H Tang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - S Zheng
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Y Xiong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Y Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - J Li
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - R Xuan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - R Xiong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Y Gong
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - X Fang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - L Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - J Miao
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - J Zhou
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - H Tan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Y Wang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - L Wu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - J Ouyang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - Y Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China
| | - X Yan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Bioprocess Engineering, College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, China.
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Gao M, Chen Y, Li X, Li D, Liu A, Gong L, Ning Z, Nie W, Guo Y, Lv Z. Methionine supplementation regulates eggshell quality and uterine transcriptome in late-stage broiler breeders. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2024; 19:56-69. [PMID: 39628644 PMCID: PMC11612657 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2024.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the effects of dietary methionine (Met) and 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butanoate (HMTBA) on the eggshell quality of broiler breeder hens and elucidate the mechanism of Met in improving eggshell quality from the perspectives of eggshell microstructure and shell gland physiological function. A total of 720 WOD188 broiler breeder hens at 40 weeks old were assigned to 3 groups, with 8 replicates per group and 30 birds per replicate. Over 7 weeks, birds were fed a basal diet or the same diet supplemented with 0.15% Met or 0.17% HMTBA. Our findings revealed significant improvements in the Met group for egg shape index, shell thickness, breaking strength, and fracture toughness (P < 0.05), whereas the HMTBA group showed no significant improvements (P > 0.05). Met supplementation increased calcium and phosphorus levels in both serum and shell gland tissue (P < 0.05), and enhanced Ca2+ ATPase activity in shell gland tissue (P < 0.05). Histomorphological changes cluded enhanced mucosal fold dimensions and increased epithelial height in the shell gland (P < 0.05). Met also improved eggshell ultrastructure, resulting in a thicker effective layer and broader mammillae with fewer type B structures (P < 0.05). The mRNA levels for genes regulating eggshell ultrastructure, such as ovocleidin-116 (OC-116), calbindin 1 (CALB1), and integral membrane protein 2C (ITM2C), were significantly upregulated in the Met group (P < 0.05). Transcriptome analysis identified 248 differentially upregulated genes in the Met group, primarily linked to the non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ signaling pathway, crucial for calcium ion transport and cellular proliferation. This research highlights that Met supplementation improves eggshell quality by enhancing calcium transport and cellular proliferation in uterine function, particularly through the modulation of Wnt family member 11 (WNT11) and CALB1, influencing calcium deposition and ultrastructural development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingkun Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Youying Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaomin Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Dongli Li
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Aiqiao Liu
- Beijing Huadu Yukou Poultry Industry Co., Ltd., Beijing 101206, China
| | - Lu Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhonghua Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zengpeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
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Lien CY, Tixier-Boichard M, Wu SW, Chen CF. Identification of quantitative trait locus and positional candidate loci influencing chicken egg quality under tropical conditions. Trop Anim Health Prod 2024; 56:359. [PMID: 39460847 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-024-04197-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 09/11/2024] [Indexed: 10/28/2024]
Abstract
Egg quality is a vital factor in the poultry industry. High-quality eggs not only meet consumer expectations for appearance, taste, and nutritional value but also have high marketability, profitability, and consumer satisfaction. Accordingly, we executed our research with the purpose of determining chromosomal regions and genetic markers associated with egg quality in an F2 cross-bred chicken population under tropical conditions; we determined these through a genome-wide association study and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping. This population was created by cross-breeding the L2 line of Taiwan Country chickens, which is adapted to local conditions in Taiwan, with an experimental line (R-line) of Rhode Island Red layer chickens, which was developed by the French National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and the Environment. A 60 K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping array for chickens was employed to execute the analysis. Our analysis revealed 40 QTLs associated with egg quality under tropical conditions, namely 20 QTLs with genome-wide statistical significance and 20 QTLs with chromosome-wide statistical significance. Furthermore, we identified 93 SNPs exerting discernible effects on egg quality, with 10 of these effects exhibiting genome-wide significance and 83 exhibiting potential significance. The majority of the detected QTL regions and SNPs agreed with those identified as having an association with egg quality or production traits in previous studies, thus supporting the interrelationships determined between the studied characteristics. The findings of this study enhance the understanding regarding the genetic regulation governing chicken egg quality, thereby serving as a valuable reference for future functional investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Y Lien
- Northern Region Branch, Taiwan Livestock Research Institute, Ministry of Agriculture No. 80 Tuonong Rd., Beidou Township, 52149, Changhua County, ROC, Taiwan
| | - M Tixier-Boichard
- University Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, GABI, 78350, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - S W Wu
- Fonghuanggu Bird and Ecology Park, National Museum of Natural Science, 1-9 Renyi Rd., Lugu Township, 55841, Nantou County, ROC, Taiwan
| | - C F Chen
- The iEGG and Animal Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, 145 Xingda Rd., South Dist., 40227, Taichung, ROC, Taiwan.
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Guo J, Qu L, Shao D, Wang Q, Li Y, Dou T, Wang X, Hu Y, Tong H. Genetic Architecture of Abdominal Fat Deposition Revealed by a Genome-Wide Association Study in the Laying Chicken. Genes (Basel) 2023; 15:10. [PMID: 38275592 PMCID: PMC10815693 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fat has a high energy density, and excessive fatness has been recognized as a problem for egg production and the welfare of chickens. The identification of a genetic polymorphism controlling fat deposition would be helpful to select against excessive fatness in the laying hen. This study aimed to estimate genomic heritability and identify the genetic architecture of abdominal fat deposition in a population of chickens from a Dongxiang blue-shelled local breed crossbred with the White Leghorn. A genome-wide association study was conducted on abdominal fat percentage, egg production and body weights using a sample of 1534 hens genotyped with a 600 K Chicken Genotyping Array. The analysis yielded a heritability estimate of 0.19 ± 0.04 for abdominal fat percentage; 0.56 ± 0.04 for body weight at 72 weeks; 0.11 ± 0.03 for egg production; and 0.24 ± 0.04 for body weight gain. The genetic correlation of abdominal fat percentage with egg production between 60 and 72 weeks of age was -0.35 ± 0.18. This implies a potential trade-off between these two traits related to the allocation of resources. Strong positive genetic correlations were found between fat deposition and weight traits. A promising locus close to COL12A1 on chromosome 3, associated with abdominal fat percent, was found in the present study. Another region located around HTR2A on chromosome 1, where allele substitution was predicted to be associated with body weight gain, accounted for 2.9% of phenotypic variance. Another region located on chromosome 1, but close to SOX5, was associated with egg production. These results may be used to influence the balanced genetic selection for laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Haibing Tong
- Jiangsu Institute of Poultry Science, Yangzhou 225125, China; (J.G.)
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Kim JW, Kim DH, Jeong JS, Kim JH, Kim CY, Ko JW, Kim TW. Pharmacokinetic profiles and egg residue patterns of levamisole in laying hens at two dosing rates and two routes of administration. Poult Sci 2023; 102:103146. [PMID: 37865046 PMCID: PMC10616546 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The levamisole maximum residue limit for edible fat, kidney, and muscle of chickens is 0.01 mg/kg. However, no maximum residue limit has been established for eggs. In the present study, the pharmacokinetic profile and levamisole residue in the eggs from laying hens were investigated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. A single dose of levamisole (30 mg/kg) was administered via the intramuscular or oral route, and an additional egg residue study was performed with 300 or 600 mg/kg commercial LEV drug (30 or 60 mg/kg as levamisole) orally. The limit of quantification was 0.0056 μg/mL and 0.0015 mg/kg for plasma and eggs, respectively. The plasma concentration was below the limit of quantification 10 and 12 h after intramuscular and oral administration, respectively. The half-life of the absorption phase was comparable between the intramuscular and oral routes, which was approximately 1 h, and the mean maximum concentration value was significantly higher in intramuscular (2.29 ± 0.30 μg/mL) than in oral (1.45 ± 0.38 μg/mL) route. The relative oral bioavailability after intramuscular administration was 92.3%. In the egg residue study, dose-dependent area under concentration and maximum concentration were observed after single oral administration of 30 and 60 mg/kg egg residue, and the calculated withdrawal period for both 30 and 60 mg/kg groups based on the positive list system standard (0.01 mg/kg) was 7 d after the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Hwan Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Jeong
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hwa Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Yeop Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Je-Won Ko
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- College of Veterinary Medicine (BK21 FOUR Program), Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34131, Republic of Korea.
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Wang Z, Tian W, Wang D, Guo Y, Cheng Z, Zhang Y, Li X, Zhi Y, Li D, Li Z, Jiang R, Li G, Tian Y, Kang X, Li H, Dunn IC, Liu X. Comparative analyses of dynamic transcriptome profiles highlight key response genes and dominant isoforms for muscle development and growth in chicken. Genet Sel Evol 2023; 55:73. [PMID: 37872550 PMCID: PMC10591418 DOI: 10.1186/s12711-023-00849-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern breeding strategies have resulted in significant differences in muscle mass between indigenous chicken and specialized broiler. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms that underlie these differences remain elusive. The aim of this study was to identify key genes and regulatory mechanisms underlying differences in breast muscle development between indigenous chicken and specialized broiler. RESULTS Two time-series RNA-sequencing profiles of breast muscles were generated from commercial Arbor Acres (AA) broiler (fast-growing) and Chinese indigenous Lushi blue-shelled-egg (LS) chicken (slow-growing) at embryonic days 10, 14, and 18, and post-hatching day 1 and weeks 1, 3, and 5. Principal component analysis of the transcriptome profiles showed that the top four principal components accounted for more than 80% of the total variance in each breed. The developmental axes between the AA and LS chicken overlapped at the embryonic stages but gradually separated at the adult stages. Integrative investigation of differentially-expressed transcripts contained in the top four principal components identified 44 genes that formed a molecular network associated with differences in breast muscle mass between the two breeds. In addition, alternative splicing analysis revealed that genes with multiple isoforms always had one dominant transcript that exhibited a significantly higher expression level than the others. Among the 44 genes, the TNFRSF6B gene, a mediator of signal transduction pathways and cell proliferation, harbored two alternative splicing isoforms, TNFRSF6B-X1 and TNFRSF6B-X2. TNFRSF6B-X1 was the dominant isoform in both breeds before the age of one week. A switching event of the dominant isoform occurred at one week of age, resulting in TNFRSF6B-X2 being the dominant isoform in AA broiler, whereas TNFRSF6B-X1 remained the dominant isoform in LS chicken. Gain-of-function assays demonstrated that both isoforms promoted the proliferation of chicken primary myoblasts, but only TNFRSF6B-X2 augmented the differentiation and intracellular protein content of chicken primary myoblasts. CONCLUSIONS For the first time, we identified several key genes and dominant isoforms that may be responsible for differences in muscle mass between slow-growing indigenous chicken and fast-growing commercial broiler. These findings provide new insights into the regulatory mechanisms underlying breast muscle development in chicken.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Weihua Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yulong Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhimin Cheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xinyan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yihao Zhi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Donghua Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhuanjian Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ruirui Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Guoxi Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yadong Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiangtao Kang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Ian C Dunn
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH25 9RG, UK.
| | - Xiaojun Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, No. 63, Nongye Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- Henan Innovative Engineering Research Center of Poultry Germplasm Resource, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Poultry Breeding of Henan, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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Egg Yolk Fat Deposition Is Regulated by Diacylglycerol and Ceramide Enriched by Adipocytokine Signaling Pathway in Laying Hens. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040607. [PMID: 36830395 PMCID: PMC9951658 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism which regulates differential fat deposition in egg yolk from the indigenous breeds and commercial laying hens is still unclear. In this research, Chinese indigenous Huainan Partridge chickens and Nongda III commercial laying hens were used for egg collection and liver sampling. The weight of eggs and yolk were recorded. Yolk fatty acids were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Lipid metabolites in the liver were detected by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Yolk weight, yolk ratio and yolk fat ratio exhibited higher in the Huainan Partridge chicken than that of the Nongda III. Compared to the Nongda III, the content of total saturated fatty acid was lower, while the unsaturated fatty acid was higher in the yolk of the Huainan Partridge chicken. Metabolites of phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylserine from glycerolphospholipids, and metabolites of diacylglycerol from glycerolipids showed higher enrichment in the Huainan Partridge chicken than that of the Nongda III, which promoted the activation of the adipocytokine signaling pathway. However, metabolites of phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylcholine from glycerol phospholipids, and metabolites of triacylglycerol from glycerolipids showed lower enrichment in the Huainan Partridge chicken than that of the Nongda III. The high level of yolk fat deposition in the Huainan Partridge chicken is regulated by the activation of the adipocytokine signaling pathway which can promote the accumulation of diacylglycerol and ceramide in the liver.
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Wei H, Bi Y, Wang Y, Zhao Q, Zhang R, Li J, Bao J. Serum bone remodeling parameters and transcriptome profiling reveal abnormal bone metabolism associated with keel bone fractures in laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102438. [PMID: 36780704 PMCID: PMC9947423 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Keel bone fractures affect welfare, health, and production performance in laying hens. A total of one hundred and twenty 35-wk-old Hy-line Brown laying hens with normal keel (NK) bone were housed in furnished cages and studied for ten weeks to investigate the underlying mechanism of keel bone fractures. At 45 wk of age, the keel bone state of birds was assessed by palpation and X-ray, and laying hens were recognized as NK and fractured keel (FK) birds according to the presence or absence of fractures in keel bone. The serum samples of 10 NK and 10 FK birds were collected to determine bone metabolism-related indexes and slaughtered to collect keel bones for RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), Micro-CT, and histopathological staining analyses. The results showed that the concentrations of Ca, phosphorus, calcitonin, 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, and osteocalcin and activities of alkaline phosphatase and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) in serum samples of FK birds were lower than those of NK birds (P < 0.05), but the concentrations of parathyroid hormone, osteoprotegerin, and corticosterone in serum samples of FK birds were higher than those of NK birds (P < 0.05). TRAP staining displayed that FK bone increased the number of osteoclasts (P < 0.05). Micro-CT analysis indicated that FK bone decreased bone mineral density (P < 0.05). Transcriptome sequencing analysis of NK and FK bones identified 214 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (|log2FoldChange| > 1, P < 0.05), among which 88 were upregulated and 126 downregulated. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway (KEGG) analysis indicated that 14 DEGs related to skeletal muscle movement and bone Ca transport (COL6A1, COL6A2, COL6A3, PDGFA, MYLK2, EGF, CAV3, ADRA1D, BDKRB1, CACNA1S, TNN, TNNC1, TNNC2, and RYR3) were enriched in focal adhesion and Ca signaling pathway, regulating bone quality. This study suggests that abnormal bone metabolism related to keel bone fractures is possibly responded to fracture healing in laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haidong Wei
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Yanju Bi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Yulai Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Qian Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Runxiang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China,Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jianhong Li
- College of Life Science, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China
| | - Jun Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northeast Agricultural University, 150030 Harbin, China; Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150030, China.
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He Z, Chen Q, Ouyang Q, Hu J, Shen Z, Hu B, Hu S, He H, Li L, Liu H, Wang J. Transcriptomic analysis of the thyroid and ovarian stroma reveals key pathways and potential candidate genes associated with egg production in ducks. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102292. [PMID: 36435165 PMCID: PMC9700033 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of thyroid-related genes has been repeatedly mentioned in the transcriptome studies of poultry with different laying performance, yet there are few systematic studies to unravel the regulatory mechanisms of the thyroid-ovary axis in the poultry egg production process. In this study, we compared the transcriptome profiles in the thyroid and ovarian stroma between high egg production (GP) and low egg production (DP) ducks, and then revealed the pathways and candidate genes involved in the process. We identified 1,114 and 733 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the thyroid and ovarian stroma, separately. The Gene Ontology (GO) analysis showed that a total of 504 and 189 GO terms were identified in the thyroid and ovarian stroma (P < 0.05). Three common GO terms were identified from the top 5 GO terms with the highest significant level in two tissues, including extracellular space, calcium ion binding, and integral component of plasma membrane. The enrichment analysis of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) showed that 15 and 14 KEGG pathways were significantly (P < 0.05) enriched in the thyroid and ovarian stroma, respectively. And, there were 8 common pathways, including neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, PPAR signaling pathway, melanogenesis, wnt signaling pathway, vascular smooth muscle contraction, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. Notably, the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway was the most significantly enriched by the DEGs both in the thyroid and ovarian stroma. The interaction among DEGs enriched in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and ECM-receptor interaction suggested that the thyroid may regulate ovarian development by these genes. Through integrated analysis of the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and KEGG pathway maps, 9 key DEGs (PTH, THBS2, THBS4, CD36, ADIPOQ, ACSL6, PRKAA2, CRH, and PCK1) were identified, which could play crucial roles in the thyroid to regulate ovarian function and then affect egg-laying performance between GP and DP. This study serves as a basis to explore the molecular mechanism of the thyroid affecting ovarian function and egg production in female ducks and may help to identify molecular markers that can be used for duck genetic selection.
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10
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Nimisha K, Srikanth K, Velayutham D, Nandan D, Sankaralingam S, Nagarajan M. Comparative liver transcriptome analysis of duck reveals potential genes associated with egg production. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:5963-5972. [PMID: 35476172 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07380-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular studies on egg production in ducks were mostly focused on brain and ovaries as they are directly involved in egg production. Liver plays a vital role in cellular lipid metabolism. It also plays a decisive role in reproductive organ development, including yolk generation in laying ducks at sexual maturity. However, the precise molecular mechanism involved in the liver-blood-ovary axis in ducks remains elusive. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we analysed the liver transcriptome of laying (LA), immature (IM) and broody (BR) ducks using RNA sequencing to understand the role of genes expressed in the liver. The comparative transcriptome analysis revealed 82 DEGs between LA and IM ducks, 47 DEGs between LA and BR ducks and 51 DEGs between IM and BR ducks. GO analysis of DEGs, showed that DEGs were mainly involved in cellular anatomical entity, intracellular, metabolic process, and binding. Furthermore, pathway analysis indicated the important role of Wnt signaling pathway in egg formation and embryo development. Our study showed several candidate genes including vitellogenin-1, vitellogenin-2, riboflavin binding protein, G protein subunit gamma 4, and fatty acid binding protein 3 that are potentially related to egg production in ducks. CONCLUSIONS The study provides valuable information on the genes responsible for egg production and thus, pave the way for further investigation on the molecular mechanisms of egg production in duck.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koodali Nimisha
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, 671316, Kasaragod, Kerala, India
| | - Krishnamoorthy Srikanth
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, 14853, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | | | - Dharam Nandan
- AgriGenome Labs Pvt. Ltd, 682042, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - Shanmugam Sankaralingam
- Department of Poultry Science, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, 680 651, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, India
| | - Muniyandi Nagarajan
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerala, 671316, Kasaragod, Kerala, India.
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Yan X, Liu H, Hu J, Han X, Qi J, Ouyang Q, Hu B, He H, Li L, Wang J, Zeng X. Transcriptomic analyses of the HPG axis-related tissues reveals potential candidate genes and regulatory pathways associated with egg production in ducks. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:281. [PMID: 35395713 PMCID: PMC8991983 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08483-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Egg production is one of the most important economic traits in the poultry industry. The hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis plays an essential role in regulating reproductive activities. However, the key genes and regulatory pathways within the HPG axis dominating egg production performance remain largely unknown in ducks. RESULTS In this study, we compared the transcriptomic profiles of the HPG-related tissues between ducks with high egg production (HEP) and low egg production (LEP) to reveal candidate genes and regulatory pathways dominating egg production. We identified 543, 759, 670, and 181 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the hypothalamus, pituitary, ovary stroma, and F5 follicle membrane, respectively. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed that DEGs from four HPG axis-related tissues were enriched in the "cellular component" category. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway was significantly enriched based on DEGs commonly identified in all four HPG axis-related tissues. Gene expression profiles and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) network were performed to show the regulatory relationships of the DEGs identified. Five DEGs encoding secreted proteins in the hypothalamus and pituitary have interaction with DEGs encoding targeted proteins in the ovary stroma and F5 follicle membrane, implying that they were these DEGs might play similar roles in the regulation of egg production. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway and five key genes(VEGFC, SPARC, BMP2, THBS1, and ADAMTS15) were identified as the key signaling pathways and candidate genes within the HPG axis responsible for different egg production performance between HEP and LEP. This is the first study comparing the transcriptomic profiles of all HPG axis-related tissues in HEP and LEP using RNA-seq in ducks to the best of our knowledge. These data are helpful to enrich our understanding of the classical HPG axis regulating the egg production performance and identify candidate genes that can be used for genetic selection in ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiping Yan
- A Department of Engineering and Applied Biology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hehe Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiwei Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingfa Han
- A Department of Engineering and Applied Biology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, 625014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Qi
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingyuan Ouyang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Hu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua He
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Li
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiwen Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianyin Zeng
- A Department of Engineering and Applied Biology, College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya'an, Sichuan, 625014, People's Republic of China.
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12
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Wang Y, Yuan J, Sun Y, Li Y, Wang P, Shi L, Ni A, Zong Y, Zhao J, Bian S, Ma H, Chen J. Genetic Basis of Sexual Maturation Heterosis: Insights From Ovary lncRNA and mRNA Repertoire in Chicken. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:951534. [PMID: 35966096 PMCID: PMC9363637 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.951534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Sexual maturation is fundamental to the reproduction and production performance, heterosis of which has been widely used in animal crossbreeding. However, the underlying mechanism have long remained elusive, despite its profound biological and agricultural significance. In the current study, the reciprocal crossing between White Leghorns and Beijing You chickens were performed to measure the sexual maturation heterosis, and the ovary lncRNAs and mRNAs of purebreds and crossbreeds were profiled to illustrate molecular mechanism of heterosis. Heterosis larger than 20% was found for pubic space and oviduct length, whereas age at first egg showed negative heterosis in both crossbreeds. We identified 1170 known lncRNAs and 1994 putative lncRNAs in chicken ovary using a stringent pipeline. Gene expression pattern showed that nonadditivity was predominant, and the proportion of nonadditive lncRNAs and genes was similar between two crossbreeds, ranging from 44.24% to 49.15%. A total of 200 lncRNAs and 682 genes were shared by two crossbreeds, respectively. GO and KEGG analysis showed that the common genes were significantly enriched in the cell cycle, animal organ development, gonad development, ECM-receptor interaction, calcium signaling pathway and GnRH signaling pathway. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified that 7 out of 20 co-expressed lncRNA-mRNA modules significantly correlated with oviduct length and pubic space. Interestingly, genes harbored in seven modules were also enriched in the similar biological process and pathways, in which nonadditive lncRNAs, such as MSTRG.17017.1 and MSTRG.6475.20, were strongly associated with nonadditive genes, such as CACNA1C and TGFB1 to affect gonad development and GnRH signaling pathway, respectively. Moreover, the results of real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) correlated well with the transcriptome data. Integrated with positive heterosis of serum GnRH and melatonin content detected in crossbreeds, we speculated that nonadditive genes involved in the GnRH signaling pathway elevated the gonad development, leading to the sexual maturation heterosis. We characterized a systematic landscape of ovary lncRNAs and mRNAs related to sexual maturation heterosis in chicken. The quantitative exploration of hybrid transcriptome changes lays foundation for genetic improvement of sexual maturation traits and provides insights into endocrine control of sexual maturation.
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Zhang T, Ning Z, Chen Y, Wen J, Jia Y, Wang L, Lv X, Yang W, Qu C, Li H, Wang H, Qu L. Understanding Transcriptomic and Serological Differences between Forced Molting and Natural Molting in Laying Hens. Genes (Basel) 2021; 13:genes13010089. [PMID: 35052428 PMCID: PMC8774386 DOI: 10.3390/genes13010089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Molting is natural adaptation to climate change in all birds, including chickens. Forced molting (FM) can rejuvenate and reactivate the reproductive potential of aged hens, but the effect of natural molting (NM) on older chickens is not clear. To explore why FM has a dramatically different effect on chickens compared with NM, the transcriptome analyses of the hypothalamus and ovary in forced molted and natural molted hens at two periods with feathers fallen and regrown were performed. Additionally, each experimental chicken was tested for serological indices. The results of serological indices showed that growth hormone, thyroid stimulating hormone, and thyroxine levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in forced molted hens than in natural molted hens, and calcitonin concentrations were lower in the forced molted than in the natural molted hens. Furthermore, the transcriptomic analysis revealed a large number of genes related to disease resistance and anti-aging in the two different FM and NM periods. These regulatory genes and serological indices promote reproductive function during FM. This study systematically revealed the transcriptomic and serological differences between FM and NM, which could broaden our understanding of aging, rejuvenation, egg production, and welfare issues related to FM in chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (T.Z.); (Z.N.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhonghua Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (T.Z.); (Z.N.); (J.W.)
| | - Yu Chen
- Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Beijing 100107, China; (Y.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (W.Y.)
| | - Junhui Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (T.Z.); (Z.N.); (J.W.)
| | - Yaxiong Jia
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Liang Wang
- Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Beijing 100107, China; (Y.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (W.Y.)
| | - Xueze Lv
- Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Beijing 100107, China; (Y.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (W.Y.)
| | - Weifang Yang
- Beijing Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Beijing 100107, China; (Y.C.); (L.W.); (X.L.); (W.Y.)
| | - Changqing Qu
- Engineering Technology Research Center of Anti-Aging Chinese Herbal Medicine of Anhui Province, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang 236037, China;
| | - Haiying Li
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China;
| | - Huie Wang
- College of Animal Science, Tarim University, Alar 843300, China;
| | - Lujiang Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (T.Z.); (Z.N.); (J.W.)
- Correspondence:
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14
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Bello SF, Xu H, Guo L, Li K, Zheng M, Xu Y, Zhang S, Bekele EJ, Bahareldin AA, Zhu W, Zhang D, Zhang X, Ji C, Nie Q. Hypothalamic and ovarian transcriptome profiling reveals potential candidate genes in low and high egg production of white Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata). Poult Sci 2021; 100:101310. [PMID: 34298381 PMCID: PMC8322464 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
In China, the low egg production rate is a major challenge to Muscovy duck farmers. Hypothalamus and ovary play essential role in egg production of birds. However, there are little or no reports from these tissues to identify potential candidate genes responsible for egg production in White Muscovy ducks. A total of 1,537 laying ducks were raised; the egg production traits which include age at first egg (days), number of eggs at 300 d, and number of eggs at 59 wk were recorded. Moreover, 4 lowest (LP) and 4 highest producing (HP) were selected at 59 wk of age, respectively. To understand the mechanism of egg laying regulation, we sequenced the hypothalamus and ovary transcriptome profiles in LP and HP using RNA-Seq. The results showed that the number of eggs at 300 d and number of eggs at 59 wk in the HP were significantly more (P < 0.001) than the LP ducks. In total, 106.98G clean bases were generated from 16 libraries with an average of 6.68G clean bases for each library. Further analysis showed 569 and 2,259 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the hypothalamus and ovary between LP and HP, respectively. The KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed 114 and 139 pathways in the hypothalamus and ovary, respectively which includes Calcium signaling pathway, ECM-receptor interaction, Focal adhesion, MAPK signaling pathway, Apoptosis and Apelin signaling pathways that are involved in egg production. Based on the GO terms and KEGG pathways results, 10 potential candidate genes (P2RX1, LPAR2, ADORA1, FN1, AKT3, ADCY5, ADCY8, MAP3K8, PXN, and PTTG1) were identified to be responsible for egg production. Further, protein-protein interaction was analyzed to show the relationship between these candidate genes. Therefore, this study provides useful information on transcriptome of hypothalamus and ovary of LP and HP Muscovy ducks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Semiu Folaniyi Bello
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Haiping Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Lijin Guo
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Kan Li
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ming Zheng
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Yibin Xu
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Siyu Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Endashaw Jebessa Bekele
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Ali Abdalla Bahareldin
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Weijian Zhu
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, 527400 Guangdong, China
| | - Dexiang Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Wens Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, 527400 Guangdong, China
| | - Xiquan Zhang
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China
| | - Congliang Ji
- Wens Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, 527400 Guangdong, China
| | - Qinghua Nie
- Department of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-Animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding and Key Lab of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, China; Wens Foodstuff Group Co. Ltd., Yunfu, 527400 Guangdong, China.
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