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Davidson A, Souza P. Relationships Between Auditory Processing and Cognitive Abilities in Adults: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2024; 67:296-345. [PMID: 38147487 DOI: 10.1044/2023_jslhr-22-00716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The contributions from the central auditory and cognitive systems play a major role in communication. Understanding the relationship between auditory and cognitive abilities has implications for auditory rehabilitation for clinical patients. The purpose of this systematic review is to address the question, "In adults, what is the relationship between central auditory processing abilities and cognitive abilities?" METHOD Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines were followed to identify, screen, and determine eligibility for articles that addressed the research question of interest. Medical librarians and subject matter experts assisted in search strategy, keyword review, and structuring the systematic review process. To be included, articles needed to have an auditory measure (either behavioral or electrophysiologic), a cognitive measure that assessed individual ability, and the measures needed to be compared to one another. RESULTS Following two rounds of identification and screening, 126 articles were included for full analysis. Central auditory processing (CAP) measures were grouped into categories (behavioral: speech in noise, altered speech, temporal processing, binaural processing; electrophysiologic: mismatch negativity, P50, N200, P200, and P300). The most common CAP measures were sentence recognition in speech-shaped noise and the P300. Cognitive abilities were grouped into constructs, and the most common construct was working memory. The findings were mixed, encompassing both significant and nonsignificant relationships; therefore, the results do not conclusively establish a direct link between CAP and cognitive abilities. Nonetheless, several consistent relationships emerged across different domains. Distorted or noisy speech was related to working memory or processing speed. Auditory temporal order tasks showed significant relationships with working memory, fluid intelligence, or multidomain cognitive measures. For electrophysiology, relationships were observed between some cortical evoked potentials and working memory or executive/inhibitory processes. Significant results were consistent with the hypothesis that assessments of CAP and cognitive processing would be positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS Results from this systematic review summarize relationships between CAP and cognitive processing, but also underscore the complexity of these constructs, the importance of study design, and the need to select an appropriate measure. The relationship between auditory and cognitive abilities is complex but can provide informative context when creating clinical management plans. This review supports a need to develop guidelines and training for audiologists who wish to consider individual central auditory and cognitive abilities in patient care. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.24855174.
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Morales S, Bowers ME, Leach SC, Buzzell GA, McSweeney M, Yoder L, Fifer W, Elliott AJ, Fox NA. Development of auditory change-detection and attentional capture, and their relation to inhibitory control. Psychophysiology 2023; 60:e14211. [PMID: 36350009 PMCID: PMC10324628 DOI: 10.1111/psyp.14211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
EEG methods offer a promising approach to study the development of attention or attention-related processes such as change-detection and attentional capture. However, the development of these attention processes from early to middle childhood is not well understood. In the current study, we utilized a passive three-stimulus oddball paradigm to examine age-related changes in auditory change-detection and attentional capture in a large sample of children across childhood (N = 475; 249 female, 226 male; Mage = 6.71; SDage = 2.22; Rangeage = 4.01-11.5 years). Conventional ERP analyses revealed no age-related changes in change detection (mismatch negativity) and attentional capture (P3a) components, but we observed age-related reductions in late automatic processing of auditory change (late discriminative negativity). However, when utilizing time-frequency analyses, we observed developmental increases in frontocentral signal strength (power) and consistency (inter-trial phase synchrony) in delta and theta bands in response to novel sounds. Such frontocentral delta/theta responses have been linked in prior work to cognitive control. To further examine this possibility, we examined relations with inhibitory control. Results revealed that increased consistency in theta in response to novel sounds was related to improved inhibitory control. Together, our results advance our understanding of the development of attention in childhood. Moreover, they demonstrate the contributions of time-frequency approaches to studying neurocognitive development. Finally, our results highlight the utility of neuroimaging paradigms that have low cognitive and motor demands to study the development of psychological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Morales
- Department of Psychology, University of Southern California
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland – College Park
| | - Maureen E. Bowers
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland – College Park
| | - Stephanie C. Leach
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland – College Park
| | - George A. Buzzell
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University
- Center for Children and Families, Miami, Florida
| | - Marco McSweeney
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland – College Park
| | - Lydia Yoder
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland – College Park
| | | | - Amy J. Elliott
- Avera Research Institute
- Department of Pediatrics, University of South Dakota School of Medicine
| | - Nathan A. Fox
- Department of Human Development and Quantitative Methodology, The University of Maryland – College Park
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Sex differences in cognitive processing: An integrative review of electrophysiological findings. Biol Psychol 2022; 172:108370. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Koo YS, An S, Kim MJ, Kim HW, Lee SA. Psychomotor Speed Predicts Outcome in Patients with Acute Meningitis and Encephalitis: A Prospective Observational Study. Clin EEG Neurosci 2022; 53:229-237. [PMID: 34255579 DOI: 10.1177/15500594211031137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Purpose. Although acute meningitis and encephalitis are known to cause cognitive dysfunction, the prognostic values of neuropsychological and neurophysiological tests in predicting clinical outcomes are seldom studied. We investigated specific neurocognitive dysfunction and event-related potentials (ERPs), which can predict functional outcomes in patients with acute meningitis and encephalitis. Methods. We enrolled consecutive adult patients with acute meningitis and encephalitis and performed neuropsychological tests and ERP studies using a passive auditory oddball paradigm at enrollment. Patient functional outcomes were assessed using the Glasgow Outcome Scale at 6 (GOS6) months after discharge. Results. Twenty-two patients were included in the study. Among 21 patients who performed neuropsychological tests, Korean-Trail Making Test-Elderly's version, Part A time (TMT-A time) correlated with GOS6, which remained significant even after controlling for age. We identified a significant association between TMT-A time and P3a latency. Post-hoc analysis showed that patients with longer TMT-A time (≥23 s) tended to have longer P3a latency than those with shorter TMT-A time. Conclusions. Decreased psychomotor speed predicted poor clinical outcomes. Because TMT-A time can be performed at the bedside in a relatively short time, this might be a useful neuropsychological biomarker to predict or monitor clinical outcomes. Furthermore, passive oddball P3a may be useful in patients with more severe disease who are unable to perform the TMT task.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soyeon An
- 65526Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Min-Ju Kim
- 65526Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Kim
- 194197Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, South Korea
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Xiu B, Andanty C, Dai N, Zai CC, Graff A, McNeely H, Daskalakis ZJ, De Luca V. Association Between the Visual N1-P2 Complex and Neuroticism. Clin EEG Neurosci 2022; 53:95-103. [PMID: 34515573 DOI: 10.1177/15500594211039937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Neuroticism is a personality trait associated with impaired attention, memory, and error detection. Thus, the present study investigated the visual N100 and P200 event-related potentials components associated with attention using a 2-back working memory task in healthy neurotic and nonneurotic participants, evaluated using the Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness Five Factor Inventory. A total of 35 healthy participants were asked to perform the 2-back task while recording electroencephalographic activity from 64 electrodes on the scalp. Analysis of the N100 and P200 amplitude and latency in high neuroticism and low neuroticism subjects showed an increased P200 amplitude and latency for high neuroticism subjects in the frontal and parietal regions, respectively. However, there were no significant performance differences between the high and low neuroticism subjects for the 2-back working memory task. Therefore, the results suggest that neuroticism is associated with the P200 component elicited in the context of a working memory task.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Xiu
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, 7978Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christopher Andanty
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, 7978Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Nasia Dai
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, 7978Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Clement C Zai
- Institute of Medical Science, 7938University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff
- Institute of Medical Science, 7938University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | | | | | - Vincenzo De Luca
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, 7978Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
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Carolan PJ, Heinrich A, Munro KJ, Millman RE. Quantifying the Effects of Motivation on Listening Effort: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Trends Hear 2022; 26:23312165211059982. [PMID: 35077257 PMCID: PMC8793127 DOI: 10.1177/23312165211059982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation influences the amount of listening effort (LE) exerted or experienced under challenging conditions, such as in high-noise environments. This systematic review and meta-analysis is the first to quantify the effects of motivation on LE. The review was pre-registered in PROSPERO, and performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies examined the influence of motivation or individual traits (related to motivation) on LE in adults. Motivational factors, coded as independent variables, included financial reward, evaluative threat, perceived competence, feedback, and individual traits. LE outcomes were categorized as subjective, behavioral, or physiological. The quality of evidence was assessed using an adaptation of the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool. Nested random-effects meta-analyses were performed to quantify and compare the influence of motivational factors across LE outcomes. After assessing 3,532 records, 48 studies met the inclusion criteria and 43 were included in the meta-analyses. Risk of bias was high, for example, many studies lacked sample size justification. Motivational factors had a small-to-medium effect (mean Cohen's d = 0.34, range: 0.11-0.72) on LE. When LE outcomes were considered collectively, an external manipulation of motivation (perceived competence) produced a larger mean effect size compared with individual traits. Some combinations of motivational factors and LE outcomes produced more robust effects than others, for example, evaluative threat and subjective LE outcomes. Although wide prediction intervals and high risk of bias mean that significant positive effects cannot be guaranteed, these findings provide useful guidance on the selection of motivational factors and LE outcomes for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Carolan
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Antje Heinrich
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Kevin J Munro
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Rebecca E Millman
- Manchester Centre for Audiology and Deafness, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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Coppens R, Rabinovich NE, Kanneganti R, Diggs HA, Wiggs K, Healey T, Huggenvik J, Rose GM, Gilbert DG. APOE genotype influences P3b amplitude and response to smoking abstinence in young adults. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2021; 238:1171-1181. [PMID: 33506304 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-021-05763-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE There is strong evidence that nicotine can enhance cognitive functions and growing evidence that this effect may be larger in young healthy APOE ε4 carriers. However, the moderating effects of the APOE ε4 allele on cognitive impairments caused by nicotine deprivation in chronic smokers have not yet been studied with brain indices. OBJECTIVE We sought to determine whether young female carriers of the APOE ε4 allele, relative to noncarriers, would exhibit larger abstinence-induced decreases in P3b amplitude during a two-stimulus auditory oddball task. METHODS We compared parietal P3bs in female chronic smokers with either APOE ε3/ε3 (n = 54) or ε3/ε4 (n = 20) genotype under nicotine-sated conditions and after 12-17-h nicotine deprivation. RESULTS Nicotine deprivation significantly reduced P3b amplitudes in APOE ε4 carriers, but not in APOE-ε3/ε3 individuals, such that the difference seen prior to nicotine deprivation was eliminated. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that subjects with the APOE ε4 allele are more sensitive to nicotine, which could influence smoking patterns, the risk for nicotine dependence, and the cognitive effects of nicotine use in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Coppens
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
- Center for Integrated Research in Cognitive & Neural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Norka E Rabinovich
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | | | - Herman A Diggs
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
- Center for Integrated Research in Cognitive & Neural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Kristin Wiggs
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
| | - Travis Healey
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Jodi Huggenvik
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Gregory M Rose
- Center for Integrated Research in Cognitive & Neural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA
- Department of Physiology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
- Department of Anatomy, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - David G Gilbert
- Department of Psychology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA.
- Center for Integrated Research in Cognitive & Neural Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, USA.
- School of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Mail Code 6502, Carbondale, IL, 62901, USA.
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Melynyte S, Wang GY, Griskova-Bulanova I. Gender effects on auditory P300: A systematic review. Int J Psychophysiol 2018; 133:55-65. [PMID: 30130548 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The evidence suggests that gender-related effects could influence the electrophysiological P300 parameters and stand as an additional source of variation for both clinical and non-clinical subjects. The aim of this paper is to characterize gender-related differences in P300 potential as elicited with simple auditory paradigms. This knowledge (1) is important for the practical assessment of P300 potential in normal and clinical populations, and (2) can provide an insight into the understanding of gender differences in pathophysiology, particularly those with differential risk or prevalence in males and females. With this review it is shown that a limited number of studies encounter possible gender effects on parameters of auditory P300, and the findings need to be read with caution due to methodological limitations of the studies. Nevertheless, evidence supports that the P300 amplitude could be significantly modulated by gender, with greater amplitude in females relative to males. Noteworthy, gender has a minimal effect on the P300 latency, and it is often comparable between males and females. Furthermore, the effect of gender on P300 could be modulated by hormonal background, anatomy and some methodological aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigita Melynyte
- Institute of Biosciences, Life Sciences Centre, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Grace Y Wang
- Department of Psychology, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
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Roslan NS, Izhar LI, Faye I, Saad MNM, Sivapalan S, Rahman MA. Review of EEG and ERP studies of extraversion personality for baseline and cognitive tasks. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2017.07.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Yaman M, Karakaya F, Aydin T, Mayda H, Güzel Hİ, Kayaalp D. Evaluation of the Effect of Modafinil on Cognitive Functions in Patients with Idiopathic Hypersomnia with P300. Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:1850-5. [PMID: 26116438 PMCID: PMC4487186 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Modafinil is a well-tolerated psychostimulant drug with low addictive potential that is used to treat patients with narcolepsy and other excessive sleepiness. Whereas favorable effects of modafinil on cognitive functions have been shown in a large number of studies, there are very few reports presenting the effects of modafinil electrophysiologically. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of modafinil on auditory P300 latency and amplitude electrophysiologically. Material/Methods Eighteen patients (age range: 16–48 years) with a diagnosis of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) were included in the present study. As a standard treatment, 200 mg/day modafinil was administered to each patient. The P300 auditory test was performed for each patient before and at the end of 1 week of modafinil treatment. Results After 1 week of modafinil treatment, mean P300 latencies (at all electrode sites) were significantly lower than the latencies before the treatment (P values for Fz, Cz and Pz recording sites were 0.039, 0.002, and 0.004, respectively). An increase in the P300 amplitudes was detected only at the Fz recording site, but not at Cz or Pz recording sites (P values for Fz, Cz, and Pz recording sites were 0.014, 0.100, and 0.05, respectively). Conclusions One week of modafinil treatment improved the cognitive performance, alertness, and executive functions in IH patients. Our electrophysiologically obtained findings provide further confirmation for previous reports in which modafinil has been shown to exert favorable effects on cognitive performance, alertness, and executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yaman
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Fatıma Karakaya
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Tuğçe Aydin
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hasan Mayda
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Hail İbrahim Güzel
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kayaalp
- Department of Neurology, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Faculty of Medicine, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey
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Greimel E, Trinkl M, Bartling J, Bakos S, Grossheinrich N, Schulte-Körne G. Auditory selective attention in adolescents with major depression: An event-related potential study. J Affect Disord 2015; 172:445-52. [PMID: 25451449 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depression (MD) is associated with deficits in selective attention. Previous studies in adults with MD using event-related potentials (ERPs) reported abnormalities in the neurophysiological correlates of auditory selective attention. However, it is yet unclear whether these findings can be generalized to MD in adolescence. Thus, the aim of the present ERP study was to explore the neural mechanisms of auditory selective attention in adolescents with MD. METHODS 24 male and female unmedicated adolescents with MD and 21 control subjects were included in the study. ERPs were collected during an auditory oddball paradigm. RESULTS Depressive adolescents tended to show a longer N100 latency to target and non-target tones. Moreover, MD subjects showed a prolonged latency of the P200 component to targets. Across groups, longer P200 latency was associated with a decreased tendency of disinhibited behavior as assessed by a behavioral questionnaire. LIMITATIONS To be able to draw more precise conclusions about differences between the neural bases of selective attention in adolescents vs. adults with MD, future studies should include both age groups and apply the same experimental setting across all subjects. CONCLUSIONS The study provides strong support for abnormalities in the neurophysiolgical bases of selective attention in adolecents with MD at early stages of auditory information processing. Absent group differences in later ERP components reflecting voluntary attentional processes stand in contrast to results reported in adults with MD and may suggest that adolescents with MD possess mechanisms to compensate for abnormalities in the early stages of selective attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Greimel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany.
| | - M Trinkl
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - J Bartling
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - S Bakos
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany
| | - N Grossheinrich
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany; Child Neuropsychology Section, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany; Translational Brain Medicine in Psychiatry and Neurology, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen/JARA Brain Translational Medicine, Aachen and Juelich, Germany
| | - G Schulte-Körne
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Munich, Pettenkoferstraße 8a, D-80336 Munich, Germany
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KIMURA M, SUGIMOTO F, UEDA M, TAKEDA Y, KATAYAMA J. AFTERMATH OF 3/11: A PILOT STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INDIRECT EXPOSURE TO EARTHQUAKES AND AUDITORY ATTENTION. PSYCHOLOGIA 2015. [DOI: 10.2117/psysoc.2015.27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Motohiro KIMURA
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
| | | | - Mari UEDA
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Aviation Environment Research Center (AERC)
| | - Yuji TAKEDA
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
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Rammsayer TH, Indermühle R, Troche SJ. Psychological refractory period in introverts and extraverts. PERSONALITY AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2014.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Attentional blink and impulsiveness: evidence for higher functional impulsivity in non-blinkers compared to blinkers. Cogn Process 2013; 14:273-81. [PMID: 23455945 DOI: 10.1007/s10339-013-0553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 02/14/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
The attentional blink (AB) represents a fundamental limit of information processing. About 5-10 % of all subjects, however, do not show the AB. Because of the low base rate of these so-called non-blinkers, studies on mechanisms underlying non-blinkers' absent AB are extremely scant. The few existent studies found non-blinkers to be faster and more efficient in information processing compared to blinkers. A personality trait that has been linked previously to speed and efficiency of information processing as well as to the magnitude of the AB is impulsivity. Therefore, the present study investigated whether 15 non-blinkers and 15 blinkers differed from each other in functional and/or dysfunctional impulsivity. To obtain a better understanding of the underlying processing mechanisms, the P300 component in the event-related potential was recorded during performance on the AB task. Our results indicated higher functional impulsivity in non-blinkers compared to blinkers but no differences between the two groups in dysfunctional impulsivity. As indicated by shorter P300 latency, non-blinkers processed information faster than blinkers after the AB period but slower during the AB period. These speed effects, however, were not associated with functional impulsivity. Thus, impulsivity and speed of information processing appear to represent two rather independent sources for non-blinkers' absent AB.
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Stauffer CC, Indermühle R, Troche SJ, Rammsayer TH. Extraversion and short-term memory for chromatic stimuli: An event-related potential analysis. Int J Psychophysiol 2012; 86:66-73. [PMID: 22871484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2012.07.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2012] [Revised: 07/10/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Winterer G, Gallinat J, Brinkmeyer J, Musso F, Kornhuber J, Thuerauf N, Rujescu D, Favis R, Sun Y, Franc MA, Ouwerkerk-Mahadevan S, Janssens L, Timmers M, Streffer JR. Allosteric alpha-7 nicotinic receptor modulation and P50 sensory gating in schizophrenia: a proof-of-mechanism study. Neuropharmacology 2012; 64:197-204. [PMID: 22766391 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2012.06.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Revised: 06/06/2012] [Accepted: 06/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
In this multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, four way cross-over proof-of-mechanism study, we tested the effect of the positive allosteric α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) modulator JNJ-39393406 in a key translational assay (sensory P50 gating) in 39 regularly smoking male patients with schizophrenia. All patients were clinically stable and JNJ-39393406 was administered as an adjunct treatment to antipsychotics. No indication was found that JNJ-39393406 has the potential to reverse basic deficits of information processing in schizophrenia (sensory P50 gating) or has a significant effect on other tested electrophysiological markers (MMN, P300 and quantitative resting EEG). Sensitivity analyses including severity of disease, baseline P50 gating, medication and gene variants of the CHRNA7 gene did not reveal any subgroups with consistent significant effects. It is discussed that potential positive effects in subgroups not present or not large enough in the current study or upon chronic dosing are possible, but unlikely to be developed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Cognitive Enhancers'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Winterer
- Cologne Center for Genomics, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
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Mittermeier V, Leicht G, Karch S, Hegerl U, Möller HJ, Pogarell O, Mulert C. Attention to emotion: auditory-evoked potentials in an emotional choice reaction task and personality traits as assessed by the NEO FFI. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2011; 261:111-20. [PMID: 20661744 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-010-0127-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2009] [Accepted: 07/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Several studies suggest that attention to emotional content is related to specific changes in central information processing. In particular, event-related potential (ERP) studies focusing on emotion recognition in pictures and faces or word processing have pointed toward a distinct component of the visual-evoked potential, the EPN ('early posterior negativity'), which has been shown to be related to attention to emotional content. In the present study, we were interested in the existence of a corresponding ERP component in the auditory modality and a possible relationship with the personality dimension extraversion-introversion, as assessed by the NEO Five-Factors Inventory. We investigated 29 healthy subjects using three types of auditory choice tasks: (1) the distinction of syllables with emotional intonation, (2) the identification of the emotional content of adjectives and (3) a purely cognitive control task. Compared with the cognitive control task, emotional paradigms using auditory stimuli evoked an EPN component with a distinct peak after 170 ms (EPN 170). Interestingly, subjects with high scores in the personality trait extraversion showed significantly higher EPN amplitudes for emotional paradigms (syllables and words) than introverted subjects.
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Venables NC, Patrick CJ, Hall JR, Bernat EM. Clarifying relations between dispositional aggression and brain potential response: overlapping and distinct contributions of impulsivity and stress reactivity. Biol Psychol 2011; 86:279-88. [PMID: 21262318 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Impulsive-aggressive individuals exhibit deficits in amplitude of the P3 brain potential response, however, it remains unclear how separable dispositional traits account for this association. The current study sought to clarify the basis of this association by examining contributions of trait impulsiveness and stress reactivity to the observed relationship between dispositional aggression and amplitude of the P3 brain potential response in a visual novelty-oddball procedure. A significant negative association was found between aggressiveness and amplitude of P3 response to both target and novel stimuli over frontal-central scalp sites. Impulsivity showed a parallel inverse relationship with P3 amplitude, attributable to its overlap with dispositional aggression. In contrast, stress reactivity did not exhibit a zero-order association with P3 amplitude, but modestly predicted P3 in a positive direction after accounting for its overlap with aggression. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for individual difference variables and brain processes underlying impulsive-aggressive behavior.
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Prenatal exposure to methylmercury and PCBs affects distinct stages of information processing: an event-related potential study with Inuit children. Neurotoxicology 2010; 31:373-84. [PMID: 20403381 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2010.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are seafood contaminants known for their adverse effects on neurodevelopment. This study examines the relation of developmental exposure to these contaminants to information processing assessed with event-related potentials (ERPs) in school-aged Inuit children from Nunavik (Arctic Québec). In a prospective longitudinal study on child development, exposure to contaminants was measured at birth and 11 years of age. An auditory oddball protocol was administered at 11 years to measure ERP components N1 and P3b. Multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the associations of levels of the contaminants to auditory oddball performance (mean reaction time, omission errors and false alarms) and ERP parameters (latency and amplitude) after control for potential confounding variables. A total of 118 children provided useable ERP data. Prenatal MeHg exposure was associated with slower reaction times and fewer false alarms during the oddball task. Analyses of the ERP parameters revealed that prenatal MeHg exposure was related to greater amplitude and delayed latency of the N1 wave in the target condition but not to the P3b component. MeHg effects on the N1 were stronger after control for seafood nutrients. Prenatal PCB exposure was not related to any endpoint for sample as a whole but was associated with a decrease in P3b amplitude in the subgroup of children who had been breast-fed for less than 3 months. Body burdens of MeHg and PCBs at 11 years were not related to any of the behavioural or ERP measures. These data suggest that prenatal MeHg exposure alters attentional mechanisms modulating early processing of sensory information. By contrast, prenatal PCB exposure appears to affect information processing at later stages, when the information is being consciously evaluated. These effects seem to be mitigated in children who are breast-fed for a more extended period.
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Behavioural correlates of the P3b event-related potential in school-age children. Int J Psychophysiol 2010; 76:148-57. [PMID: 20338199 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 02/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The latency and amplitude of the P3b component of event-related potentials (ERPs) have been related to behavioural performance on several attention and memory tasks in adult populations. However, the extent to which these results apply to children is unknown. This study examined the neurobehavioral correlates of the P3b component in a longitudinal sample of school-age children from Arctic Québec. Children (N=110; mean age=11.3years) were assessed on an ERP auditory oddball paradigm and a neurobehavioral evaluation targeting several aspects of cognition, including the Stewart Extended Continuous Performance Test (E-CPT), California Verbal Learning Test (CVLT), Stroop Color-Word Interference Test, and five subtests from the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Fourth edition (WISC-IV). P3b latency was positively related to reaction time measures and negatively associated with performance on the WISC-IV Digit Span Forward subtest. Amplitude of the P3b was associated with shorter completion time on the Stroop test and better delayed recognition memory performance among children who did not use semantic strategies on the CVLT. Profile analyses revealed no difference in scalp distribution of the P3b according to performance on these tests. The results are consistent with previous studies with older participants and suggest that, despite age-related differences in waveform and scalp distribution, the P3b component relates to similar neurocognitive processes in children and adults.
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Emotional Significance of the Stimulus and Features of the Personality as Factors Reflected in the Pattern of Evoked EEG Potentials. NEUROPHYSIOLOGY+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11062-010-9100-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Boucher O, Muckle G, Saint-Amour D, Dewailly E, Ayotte P, Jacobson SW, Jacobson JL, Bastien CH. The relation of lead neurotoxicity to the event-related potential P3b component in Inuit children from arctic Québec. Neurotoxicology 2009; 30:1070-7. [PMID: 19576242 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 06/05/2009] [Accepted: 06/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The event-related potential (ERP) P3b, a cognitive electrophysiological measure that has been linked to working memory processing in many experimental paradigms, was measured in Inuit children from Nunavik (Arctic Québec, Canada) to assess lead (Pb) neurotoxicity. Visual and auditory oddball paradigms were administered at 5 (N=27) and 11 (N=110) years of age, respectively, to elicit this ERP component. Pearson correlations and multiple regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between Pb levels and P3b parameters (peak latency and amplitude). Greater prenatal Pb exposure was related to a decrease in P3b amplitude at 5 years of age, and early childhood Pb exposure was associated with delayed P3b latency at 5 years. No significant association was observed at 11 years. These results, in line with those from previous neurobehavioral studies, suggest that Pb exposure affects cognitive processing in children even though the Pb levels measured in a large majority of our sample were below the threshold value for public health intervention used by federal agencies. This study strengthens the arguments for reducing sources of Pb exposure in Nunavik and for lowering the blood Pb concentrations considered "acceptable" in governmental policies.
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Enoch MA, White KV, Waheed J, Goldman D. Neurophysiological and genetic distinctions between pure and comorbid anxiety disorders. Depress Anxiety 2008; 25:383-92. [PMID: 17941097 DOI: 10.1002/da.20378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Anxiety disorders are often comorbid with major depression (MD) and alcohol use disorders (AUD). Two common functional polymorphisms in catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT Val158Met) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF Val66Met) genes have been implicated in the neurobiology of anxiety and depression. We hypothesized that attentional response and working memory (auditory P300 event-related potential and Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale, Revised digit symbol scores) as well as genetic vulnerability would differ between pure anxiety disorders and comorbid anxiety. Our study sample comprised 249 community-ascertained men and women with lifetime DSM-III-R diagnoses. We analyzed groups of participants with pure anxiety disorders, pure MD, pure AUD, comorbid anxiety, and no psychiatric disorder. Participants were well at the time of testing; state anxiety and depressed mood measures were at most only mildly elevated. Individuals with pure anxiety disorders had elevated P300 amplitudes (P=0.0004) and higher digit symbol scores (P<0.0001) compared with all the other groups. Individuals with comorbid anxiety had the greatest proportion of COMT Met158 and BDNF Met66 alleles (P=0.009) as well as higher harm avoidance-neuroticism (P<0.0005) than all other groups. Our results suggest that there may be two vulnerability factors for anxiety disorders with differing genetic susceptibility: (a) heightened attention and better working memory with mildly elevated anxiety-neuroticism, a constellation that may be protective against other psychopathology; and (b) poorer attention and working memory with greater anxiety-neuroticism, a constellation that may also increase vulnerability to AUD and MD. This refinement of the anxiety phenotype may have implications for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary-Anne Enoch
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
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Russo PM, De Pascalis V, Varriale V, Barratt ES. Impulsivity, intelligence and P300 wave: An empirical study. Int J Psychophysiol 2008; 69:112-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Revised: 03/22/2008] [Accepted: 03/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Divergent effects of increased serotonergic activity on psychophysiological parameters of human attention. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2008; 11:453-63. [PMID: 17971261 DOI: 10.1017/s1461145707008176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are frequently combined to the antipsychotic medication of schizophrenia patients, to treat their depressed, cognitive or negative symptoms. No convincing neurochemical theory exists for this combination. The role of serotonin in those psychophysiological parameters of attention that are already found to be disturbed in schizophrenia, e.g. processing negativity (PN), mismatch negativity (MMN) and P300 amplitude, is poorly understood. In the present study the effects of increased serotonergic activity on these psychophysiological parameters is investigated. In a balanced, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over experiment 18 healthy male volunteers received an oral dose of either placebo or of 10 mg escitalopram (a highly specific SSRI) on two separate test days, after which they were tested in an auditory selective attention paradigm and a MMN paradigm. Escitalopram significantly increased PN and MMN compared to placebo, without affecting the P300 amplitude. Furthermore, administration of escitalopram resulted in a small, yet significant, reduction of task performance in the selective attention paradigm compared to placebo, while it did not affect reaction time. Contrary to what was expected, escitalopram enhanced PN and MMN, without affecting the P300 amplitude. The results are discussed in the light of dosage issues and subtypes of serotonergic receptors.
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Nijs IM, Franken IH, Smulders FT. BIS/BAS Sensitivity and the P300 Event-Related Brain Potential. J PSYCHOPHYSIOL 2007. [DOI: 10.1027/0269-8803.21.2.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Abstract. Both a reduced amplitude of the P300 event-related potential component and a highly impulsive personality are known to be strong predictive markers for substance abuse and related psychiatric disorders. Because of this common link to externalizing psychopathology, a significant negative association between the P300 amplitude and personality measures related to behavioral disinhibition is expected. The present study investigated correlations between the visual P300 amplitude and the personality dimensions of Behavioral Approach System (BAS) sensitivity and Behavioral Inhibition System (BIS) sensitivity among healthy subjects (N = 44; mean age = 24 ± 4.93 years). To measure BIS and BAS sensitivity the BIS/BAS scales were used. Significant positive correlations were found between BAS sensitivity and P300 amplitude at both anterior and posterior scalp locations above the right hemisphere. There were no significant correlations between P300 amplitude and BIS sensitivity. Results are discussed in light of the rather inconsistent findings from previous studies investigating P300 amplitude and impulsivity-related measures. It is concluded that a P300 amplitude reduction may be regarded as a general, nonspecific marker for psychopathology and psychopathology-prone personality functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse M.T. Nijs
- Institute of Psychology, Erasmus University, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Fren T.Y. Smulders
- Department of Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
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27
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Abstract
Molecular genetic studies of personality began with two high impact papers in 1996 that showed provisional associations between the dopamine DRD4 exon III repeat region and Novelty Seeking/Extraversion. These first two reports were shortly followed by an investigation linking Neuroticism/Harm Avoidance with the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4) promoter region polymorphism (5-HTTLPR). In the ensuing decade, thousands of subjects have been studied for association between these genes and personality, assessed by using self-report questionnaires, with erratic success in replication of the first findings for Novelty Seeking (DRD4) and Harm Avoidance (5-HTTLPR). Small effect sizes characteristic of non-Mendelian traits, polygenic patterns of inheritance and true heterogeneity between studies confound attempts to reach a consensus regarding the role of common polymorphisms in contributing to personality domains. Nevertheless, the current state of personality genetics is far from being bleak. Several new paradigms especially functional neuroimaging or 'imaging genomics' have strengthened the connection between 5-HTTLPR and anxiety-related personality traits. The demonstrations that early environmental information can considerably strengthen and even uncover associations between genes and behavior (Caspi's seminal studies and more recently the demonstration that early environment impacts on DRD4 and Novelty Seeking) are notable and herald a new era of personality genetics. Finally, consideration of the broader phenotypic expression of common polymorphisms (e.g. the 'social brain', altruism, etc.) and the use of new experimental paradigms including neurophysiological, neuropsychological and computer games that go beyond the narrow self-report questionnaire design will enable a deeper understanding of how common genetic polymorphisms modulate human behavior. Human personality, defined by Webster as the quality or state of being a person or the complex of characteristics that distinguishes an individual, surely requires a more encompassing view towards understanding its complex molecular genetic architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P Ebstein
- Department of Psychology and Scheinfeld Center for Genetic Studies in the Social Sciences, Mount Scopus, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.
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