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Raugh IM, Spilka M, Luther L, Suveg CM, Strauss GP. Ecological Momentary Assessment Of State Fluctuations In Mindfulness And Symptoms In Psychotic Disorders. JOURNAL OF CONTEXTUAL BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE 2023; 29:219-229. [PMID: 37720056 PMCID: PMC10501155 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcbs.2023.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Mindfulness skills are a component of many modern cognitive-behavioral therapies that are used to treat a wide range of disorders, including psychotic disorders. While habitual (i.e., trait) mindfulness is associated with clinical outcomes, the effects of momentary (i.e., state) mindfulness are unclear. This is due in part to previous studies using cross-sectional designs relying on trait self-report questionnaires. Although such approaches are invaluable, they lack temporal specificity to evaluate momentary changes and effects of mindfulness. To address these limitations, the current study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to evaluate state levels of two mindfulness skills, acceptance and monitoring, and their association with state fluctuations in symptoms. Participants included individuals with affective and non-affective psychotic disorders (PD; n = 49) and healthy controls (CN; n = 53) who completed six days of EMA. Results indicated that the PD group endorsed lower state acceptance than CN; however, the groups did not significantly differ in monitoring. Further, greater state mindfulness skills in both acceptance and monitoring were associated with greater positive affect, reduced negative affect, and reduced negative symptoms. However, participants with a predominantly affective psychosis presentation showed differential effects compared to those with non-affective presentations. These findings suggest that mindfulness training for people with psychotic disorders may benefit from focusing on improving acceptance in order to improve emotional experience and build on existing monitoring skills. Further, mindfulness based psychosocial interventions may offer a novel means of treating negative symptoms in people with PD, which are currently stalled and largely unresponsive to other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian M. Raugh
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Michael Spilka
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Lauren Luther
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Cynthia M. Suveg
- Department of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
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Bud S, Nechita D, Szentagotai Tatar A. Emotion regulation strategies in borderline personality disorder: a meta-analysis. CLIN PSYCHOL-UK 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/13284207.2022.2152668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Bud
- Evidence-Based Assessment and Psychological Interventions Doctoral School, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Diana Nechita
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aurora Szentagotai Tatar
- International Institute for the Advanced Studies of Psychotherapy and Applied Mental Health, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Babeş-Bolyai University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Sarlon J, Brühl AB, Lang UE, Kordon A. Electrophysiological correlates of mindfulness in patients with major depressive disorder. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:971958. [PMID: 36312017 PMCID: PMC9606782 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.971958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) can reduce both stress and depressive symptoms. However, the impact of mindfulness on stress level in depressed subjects remains unclear. This study aims to assess electrophysiological correlates of mindfulness in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) at baseline, under stress exposure, and in relaxation following stress exposure. Methods Perceived mindfulness was assessed with the Freiburger Mindfulness Inventory (FMI) in 89 inpatients (mean age 51) with MDD [mean Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) 30]. Electrophysiological parameters [resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate variability (HRV), respiration rate, skin conductance, and skin temperature] were recorded at 5-min baseline, 1-min stress exposure, and 5-min self-induced relaxation. Results Freiburger Mindfulness Inventory was strongly inversely correlated with symptom severity measured by BDI (r = –0.53, p < 0.001). No correlations between FM score and electrophysiological parameters in any of the three conditions (baseline, stress exposure, relaxed state) could be found. The factor openness was associated with higher VLF (very low frequency of HRV) in the baseline condition. However, this correlation was no more significant after regression analysis when corrected for respiratory rate, age, and sex. Conclusion Autonomous nervous reactivity in depression was not associated with perceived mindfulness as measured by FMI score and presented electrophysiological parameters, despite the strong inverse correlation between state mindfulness and symptom severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Sarlon
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, University of Basel, University Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), Basel, Switzerland
- Oberbergklinik Hornberg, Hornberg, Germany
- *Correspondence: Jan Sarlon,
| | - Annette B. Brühl
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, University of Basel, University Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), Basel, Switzerland
| | - Undine E. Lang
- Department of Adult Psychiatry, University of Basel, University Psychiatric Clinics (UPK), Basel, Switzerland
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Ding D, Zheng M. Associations Between Six Core Processes of Psychological Flexibility and Functioning for Chronic Pain Patients: A Three-Level Meta-Analysis. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:893150. [PMID: 35898622 PMCID: PMC9309299 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.893150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The previous research showed contradictions in the relationships between psychological flexibility processes and functioning. This meta-analysis is the first to provide a comprehensive meta-analysis of the associations between six core processes of psychological flexibility and functioning among chronic pain patients. Four databases were searched (PsycINFO; PubMed; CINAHL; Web of Science) along with reference lists. Thirty-six cross-sectional studies were included (7,812 chronic pain patients). A three-level meta-analytic model was used to examine the associations. The publication bias was assessed with the Egger test, funnel plot, and p-curve analysis. Significant associations were found between functioning and six processes of psychological flexibility (i.e., acceptance, defusion, present moment, committed action, self as context, and values). Except for the relationship between defusion and functioning, the relationships between the other five psychological flexibility processes and functioning were all moderated by domains of functioning. No moderators were found regarding age, percentage of females, country, or type of instrument used to measure functioning. These findings may carry significant implications for chronic pain patients and clinical workers. It might be more effective to focus on functioning-related psychological flexibility processes rather than all therapy packages if the relationships between functioning and specific processes of psychological flexibility were better informed. Limitations were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyan Ding
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Mengna Zheng
- School of Educational Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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McCabe R, Day E. Counsellors' experiences of the use of mindfulness in the treatment of depression and anxiety: An interpretative phenomenological analysis. COUNSELLING & PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/capr.12428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca McCabe
- Australian College of Applied Psychology ‐ Melbourne Campus Melbourne Vic. Australia
| | - Elizabeth Day
- Auckland University of Technology Auckland New Zealand
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Soler J, Montero-Marin J, Domínguez-Clavé E, González S, Pascual JC, Cebolla A, Demarzo M, Analayo B, García-Campayo J. Decentering, Acceptance, and Non-Attachment: Challenging the Question "Is It Me?". Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:659835. [PMID: 34867498 PMCID: PMC8637104 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.659835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among mindfulness measures the three constructs acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment are psychometrically closely related, despite their apparent semantic differences. These three facets present robust psychometric features and can be considered core themes in most "third wave" clinical models. The aim of the present study was to explore the apparently different content domains (acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment) by administering various psychometric scales in a large sample of 608 volunteers. Resilience and depression were also assessed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses performed in two randomly selected subsamples showed a bifactor approximation. The explained common variance suggested a unidimensional nature for the general factor, with good psychometric properties, which we named "Delusion of Me" (DoM). This construct is also strongly correlated with resilience and depression, and appears to be a solid latent general construct closely related to the concept of "ego." DoM emerges as a potentially transdiagnostic construct with influence on well-being and clinical indexes such as resilience and depression. Further studies should analyze the potential utility of this new construct at a therapeutic level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquim Soler
- Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Montero-Marin
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Elisabet Domínguez-Clavé
- Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara González
- Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Pascual
- Servei de Psiquiatria, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental, CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ausiàs Cebolla
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, University of Valencia UV, València, Spain.,CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcelo Demarzo
- Mente Aberta - Brazilian Center for Mindfulness and Health Promotion, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bhikkhu Analayo
- Barre Center of Buddhist Studies (BCBS), Barre, MA, United States.,Numata Center for Buddhist Studies, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Javier García-Campayo
- Red de Investigación de Actividades Preventivas y Promoción de la Salud (RedIAPP), Zaragoza, Spain.,Miguel Servet Hospital, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Xie C, Zeng Y, Lv Y, Li X, Xiao J, Hu X. Educational intervention versus mindfulness-based intervention for ICU nurses with occupational burnout: A parallel, controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2020; 52:102485. [PMID: 32951735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses in the intensive care unit have a high incidence of occupational burnout, which has a serious adverse impact on their physical and mental health. It is imperative, therefore, to explore interventions, especially those that may enhance individual coping resources. Mindfulness has been proven to be one such effective resource. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of an eight-week mindfulness intervention on occupational burnout in ICU nurses. METHODS One hundred six nurses in two ICUs who met the inclusion criteria were recruited to the program, which consisted of an educational intervention related to burnout (EB, n = 53) or a mindfulness-based intervention (MBIB, n = 53), and the results compared. The Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), the Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS), and the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire II (AAQ-II) were administered at T0 (before the intervention), T1 (one week after the intervention), T2 (one month after the intervention), and T3 (three months after the intervention). A total of 91 nurses completed the study. Data were analysed by intention-to-treat analysis and repeated-measures ANOVA to observe the effects of the mindfulness-based intervention on occupational burnout. RESULTS Nurses' mindfulness, experiential avoidance, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment were all affected by the intervention. The effect could be maintained to the third month post intervention. CONCLUSION Mindfulness-based intervention can effectively improve the level of mindfulness and decrease the level of experiential avoidance among ICU nurses, alleviating occupational burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Xie
- Nursing School, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China; Department of Nursing, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanli Zeng
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Lv
- Healthcare-associated Infection Management Office, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Jingrong Xiao
- Department of Nursing, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiuying Hu
- Nursing School, West China School of Medicine/West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Carmona i Farrés C, Elices M, Soler J, Domínguez‐Clavé E, Martín‐Blanco A, Pomarol‐Clotet E, Salvador R, Martinez‐Horta S, Pascual JC. Effects of mindfulness training on the default mode network in borderline personality disorder. Clin Psychol Psychother 2019; 26:562-571. [DOI: 10.1002/cpp.2382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Carmona i Farrés
- Department of PsychiatryHospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB‐Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal MedicineAutonomous University of Barcelona, UAB Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
| | - Matilde Elices
- Department of PsychiatryHospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB‐Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
| | - Joaquim Soler
- Department of PsychiatryHospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB‐Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal MedicineAutonomous University of Barcelona, UAB Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
| | | | - Ana Martín‐Blanco
- Department of PsychiatryHospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB‐Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal MedicineAutonomous University of Barcelona, UAB Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
| | - Edith Pomarol‐Clotet
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation Barcelona Spain
| | - Raymond Salvador
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
- FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation Barcelona Spain
| | - Saül Martinez‐Horta
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurology DepartmentHospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB‐Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
| | - Juan C. Pascual
- Department of PsychiatryHospital de la Santa Creu I Sant Pau, IIB‐Sant Pau Barcelona Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Legal MedicineAutonomous University of Barcelona, UAB Barcelona Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM) Madrid Spain
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