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Schnorr I, Siegl A, Luckhardt S, Wenz S, Friedrichsen H, El Jomaa H, Steinmann A, Kilencz T, Arteaga-Henríquez G, Ramos-Sayalero C, Ibanez-Jimenez P, Rosales-Ortiz SK, Bitter I, Fadeuilhe C, Ferrer M, Lavebratt C, Réthelyi JM, Richarte V, Rommelse N, Ramos-Quiroga JA, Arias-Vasquez A, Resch E, Reif A, Matura S, Schiweck C. Inflammatory biotype of ADHD is linked to chronic stress: a data-driven analysis of the inflammatory proteome. Transl Psychiatry 2024; 14:37. [PMID: 38238292 PMCID: PMC10796401 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-023-02729-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and low-grade inflammation has been explored in children but rarely in adults. Inflammation is characteristic of some, but not all, patients with ADHD and might be influenced by ADHD medication but also lifestyle factors including nutrition, smoking, and stress. It is also still unclear if any specific symptoms are related to inflammation. Therefore, we assessed 96 inflammatory proteins in a deeply phenotyped cohort of 126 adult ADHD participants with a stable medication status using OLINK technology. A data-based, unsupervised hierarchical clustering method could identify two distinct biotypes within the 126 ADHD participants based on their inflammatory profile: a higher inflammatory potential (HIP) and a lower inflammatory protein potential (LIP) group. Biological processes that differed strongest between groups were related to the NF-κB pathway, chemokine signaling, IL-17 signaling, metabolic alterations, and chemokine attraction. A comparison of sample characteristics revealed that the HIP group was more likely to have higher levels of chronic stress (p < 0.001), a higher clinical global impression scale score (p = 0.030), and a higher risk for suicide (p = 0.032). Medication status did not influence protein levels significantly (p ≥ 0.074), but psychotropic co-medication (p ≤ 0.009) did. In conclusion, our data suggest the presence of two distinct biotypes in adults with ADHD. Higher levels of inflammatory proteins in ADHD are linked to higher levels of chronic perceived stress in a linear fashion. Further research on inflammation in adults with ADHD should take stress levels into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Schnorr
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anne Siegl
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Sonja Luckhardt
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Söri Wenz
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hendrik Friedrichsen
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Hiba El Jomaa
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Annebirth Steinmann
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tünde Kilencz
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gara Arteaga-Henríquez
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- NCRR-The National Center for Register-Based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Carolina Ramos-Sayalero
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Pol Ibanez-Jimenez
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | | | - István Bitter
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Christian Fadeuilhe
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marc Ferrer
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry and Forensic Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Catharina Lavebratt
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, and Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - János M Réthelyi
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vanesa Richarte
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Nanda Rommelse
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- Semmelweis University, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Josep Antoni Ramos-Quiroga
- Department of Mental Health, Hospital Universitari Vall d´Hebron, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Biomedical Network Research Center on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Alejandro Arias-Vasquez
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Psychiatry, Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Eduard Resch
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Andreas Reif
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Silke Matura
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Carmen Schiweck
- Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, Frankfurt, Germany.
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Salimpour M, Dehghan M, Ahmadi A, Azzizadeh Forouzi M, Roy C, Zakeri MA, Mangolian Shahrbabaki P. Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on perceived stress among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial. Perspect Psychiatr Care 2022; 58:2962-2969. [PMID: 35982587 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.13147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on perceived stress of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). DESIGN AND METHODS This was a randomized clinical trial in which the patients under coronary intervention were allocated to two groups, intervention and control by using block randomization. The experiment group received eight sessions of cognitive-behavioral therapy. The patients' perceived stress was measured before, immediately, and 1-month post ntervention. FINDINGS The results showed the perceived stress scores changed significantly in the intervention group compared with the control group immediately and 1 month after the intervention. Therefore, the perceived stress level significantly reduced in the patients of the intervention group (p < 0.001). PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Cognitive-behavioral therapy significantly reduced perceived stress in patients undergoing PCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzieh Salimpour
- Critical Care Nursing, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mahlagha Dehghan
- Department of Critical Care Nursing, Razi Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Atefeh Ahmadi
- Psychotherapist and counseling specialist, Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mansooreh Azzizadeh Forouzi
- Department of Medical-Surgical Nursing, Nursing Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Calista Roy
- Boston College, Mount St. Mary's University Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United State
| | - Mohammad A Zakeri
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran.,Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
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Potential Targets and Action Mechanism of Gastrodin in the Treatment of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Bioinformatics and Network Pharmacology Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3607053. [PMID: 36133787 PMCID: PMC9484880 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3607053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objective Gastrodin is a main medicinal component of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Gastrodia elata Blume (G. elata), presenting the potential for the treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the underlying targets and action mechanisms of the treatment have not been identified. Methods The gastrodin-related microarray dataset GSE85871 was obtained from the GEO database and analyzed by GEO2R to obtain differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Subsequently, the targets of gastrodin were supplemented by the Encyclopedia of Traditional Chinese Medicine (ETCM), PubChem, STITCH, and SwissTargetPrediction databases. ADHD-associated genes were collected from six available disease databases (i.e., TTD, DrugBank, OMIM, PharmGKB, GAD, and KEGG DISEASE). The potential targets of gastrodin during ADHD treatment were obtained by mapping gastrodin-related targets with ADHD genes, and their protein–protein interaction (PPI) relationship was constructed by the STRING database. The GO function and KEGG pathway enrichment analyses were performed using the ClueGO plug-in in the Cytoscape software and DAVID database, respectively. Finally, the binding affinity between gastrodin and important targets was verified by molecular docking. Results A total of 460 gastrodin-related DEGs were identified from GSE85871, and 124 known gastrodin targets were supplemented from 4 databases, including ETCM. A total of 440 genes were collected from the above 6 disease databases, and 267 ADHD-relevant genes were obtained after duplicate removal. Through mapping the 584 gastrodin targets to the 267 ADHD genes, 16 potential therapeutic targets were obtained, among which the important ones were DRD2, DRD4, CHRNA3, CYP1A1, TNF, IL6, and KCNJ3. The enrichment analysis results indicated that 16 potential targets were involved in 25 biological processes (e.g., dopamine (DA) transport) and 22 molecular functions (e.g., postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor activity), which were mainly localized at excitatory synapses. The neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, cholinergic synapse, and dopaminergic synapse might be the core pathways of gastrodin in ADHD treatment. Through molecular docking, it was preliminarily verified that gastrodin showed good binding activity to seven important targets and formed stable binding conformations. Conclusions Gastrodin might exert an anti-ADHD effect by upgrading the dopaminergic system and central cholinergic system, inhibiting the inflammatory response and GIRK channel, and exerting a synergistic effect with other drugs on ADHD. For this reason, gastrodin should be considered a multitarget drug for ADHD treatment.
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Dew RE, Kollins SH, Koenig HG. ADHD, Religiosity, and Psychiatric Comorbidity in Adolescence and Adulthood. J Atten Disord 2022; 26:307-318. [PMID: 33334235 DOI: 10.1177/1087054720972803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Religiosity has been repeatedly proposed as protective in the development of depression, sociopathy and addictions. ADHD frequently co-occurs with these same conditions. Although ADHD symptoms may affect religious practice, religiosity in ADHD remains unexplored. METHOD Analyses examined data from >8000 subjects aged 12 to 34 in four waves of the Add Health Study. Relationships of religious variables with childhood ADHD symptoms were statistically evaluated. Observed correlations of ADHD symptoms to depression, delinquency, and substance use were tested for mediation and moderation by religiosity. RESULTS ADHD symptoms correlated with lower levels of all religious variables at nearly all waves. In some analyses at Wave IV, prayer and attendance interacted with ADHD to predict worsened psychopathology. CONCLUSION ADHD symptoms predicted lower engagement in religious life. In adulthood, some aspects of religiosity interacted with ADHD symptoms to predict worse outcomes. Further research should explore whether lower religiosity partially explains prevalent comorbidities in ADHD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Harold G Koenig
- Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.,King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Stickley A, Shirama A, Inagawa T, Ruchkin V, Koposov R, Isaksson J, Inoue Y, Sumiyoshi T. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms, perceived stress, and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1008290. [PMID: 36440405 PMCID: PMC9682032 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1008290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms have been linked to suicidal behavior. However, little is known about the mechanisms involved in this association. This study examined ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation during the COVID-19 pandemic and the role of self-perceived stress in this association. METHOD Data were analyzed from an online sample of 1,452 Japanese individuals aged 18 to 89 obtained in February 2021. Information was collected on past-year suicidal ideation. ADHD symptoms were assessed with the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) Screener while stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14). Depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), while the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) was used to assess anxiety symptoms. Logistic regression was used to examine associations. RESULTS Fifty-one (3.5%) individuals had ADHD symptoms, while more than one in ten (11.7%) of the respondents reported past-year suicidal ideation. In an analysis adjusted for sociodemographic factors, ADHD symptoms were associated with eight times higher odds for past-year suicidal ideation. However, adjusting the analysis for mental health variables (anxiety and depressive symptoms) attenuated the association which became non-significant (odds ratio [OR]: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92-4.18). In contrast, in an analysis adjusted for mental health, individuals with ADHD symptoms and stress had significantly higher odds for suicidal ideation (OR: 3.72, 95%CI: 1.43-9.67) whereas, ADHD symptoms without stress were not linked to suicidal ideation (OR: 1.25, 95%CI: 0.38-4.18). CONCLUSIONS Self-perceived stress is important in the association between ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation among individuals in Japan during the COVID-19 pandemic. Detecting and managing stress and its effects in individuals with ADHD/ADHD symptoms should be a therapeutic focus for improving health-related outcomes in this population both during the COVID-19 pandemic and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Stickley
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Aya Shirama
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takuma Inagawa
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center Hospital, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Vladislav Ruchkin
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Sala Forensic Psychiatric Clinic, Sala, Sweden
| | - Roman Koposov
- Regional Center for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.,M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Unit of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Karolinska Institutet Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Center for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm Health Care Services, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yosuke Inoue
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomiki Sumiyoshi
- Department of Preventive Intervention for Psychiatric Disorders, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan
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Blomberg R, Johansson Capusan A, Signoret C, Danielsson H, Rönnberg J. The Effects of Working Memory Load on Auditory Distraction in Adults With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 15:771711. [PMID: 34916918 PMCID: PMC8670091 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.771711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive control provides us with the ability to inter alia, regulate the locus of attention and ignore environmental distractions in accordance with our goals. Auditory distraction is a frequently cited symptom in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (aADHD)-yet few task-based fMRI studies have explored whether deficits in cognitive control (associated with the disorder) impedes on the ability to suppress/compensate for exogenously evoked cortical responses to noise in this population. In the current study, we explored the effects of auditory distraction as function of working memory (WM) load. Participants completed two tasks: an auditory target detection (ATD) task in which the goal was to actively detect salient oddball tones amidst a stream of standard tones in noise, and a visual n-back task consisting of 0-, 1-, and 2-back WM conditions whilst concurrently ignoring the same tonal signal from the ATD task. Results indicated that our sample of young aADHD (n = 17), compared to typically developed controls (n = 17), had difficulty attenuating auditory cortical responses to the task-irrelevant sound when WM demands were high (2-back). Heightened auditory activity to task-irrelevant sound was associated with both poorer WM performance and symptomatic inattentiveness. In the ATD task, we observed a significant increase in functional communications between auditory and salience networks in aADHD. Because performance outcomes were on par with controls for this task, we suggest that this increased functional connectivity in aADHD was likely an adaptive mechanism for suboptimal listening conditions. Taken together, our results indicate that aADHD are more susceptible to noise interference when they are engaged in a primary task. The ability to cope with auditory distraction appears to be related to the WM demands of the task and thus the capacity to deploy cognitive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rina Blomberg
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Andrea Johansson Capusan
- Department of Psychiatry, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Carine Signoret
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Danielsson
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jerker Rönnberg
- Department of Behavioural Sciences and Learning, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Swedish Institute for Disability Research, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.,Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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