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Xie B, Zhang Y, Han M, Wang M, Yu Y, Chen X, Wu Y, Hashimoto K, Yuan S, Shang Y, Zhang J. Reversal of the detrimental effects of social isolation on ischemic cerebral injury and stroke-associated pneumonia by inhibiting small intestinal γδ T-cell migration into the brain and lung. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2023; 43:1267-1284. [PMID: 37017434 PMCID: PMC10369145 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x231167946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Social isolation (ISO) is associated with an increased risk and poor outcomes of ischemic stroke. However, the roles and mechanisms of ISO in stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) remain unclear. Adult male mice were single- or pair-housed with an ovariectomized female mouse and then subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion. Isolated mice were treated with the natriuretic peptide receptor A antagonist A71915 or anti-gamma-delta (γδ) TCR monoclonal antibody, whereas pair-housed mice were treated with recombinant human atrial natriuretic peptide (rhANP). Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy (SDV) was performed 14 days before single- or pair-housed conditions. We found that ISO significantly worsened brain and lung injuries relative to pair housing, which was partially mediated by elevated interleukin (IL)-17A levels and the migration of small intestine-derived inflammatory γδ T-cells into the brain and lung. However, rhANP treatment or SDV could ameliorate ISO-exacerbated post-stroke brain and lung damage by reducing IL-17A levels and inhibiting the migration of inflammatory γδ T-cells into the brain and lung. Our results suggest that rhANP mitigated ISO-induced exacerbation of SAP and ischemic cerebral injury by inhibiting small intestine-derived γδ T-cell migration into the lung and brain, which could be mediated by the subdiaphragmatic vagus nerve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Mengqi Han
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Mengyuan Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Yuming Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shiying Yuan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - You Shang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jiancheng Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
- Institute of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Mu X, Chen X, Liu J, Yuan L, Wang D, Qian L, Qian Y, Shen G, Huang Y, Li X, Li Y, Lin X. A multi-omics approach reveals molecular mechanisms by which phthalates induce cardiac defects in zebrafish (Danio rerio). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:113876. [PMID: 32806432 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.113876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The potential risks of phthalates affecting human and animal health as well as the environment are emerging as serious concerns worldwide. However, the mechanism by which phthalates induce developmental effects is under debate. Herein, we found that embryonic exposure of zebrafish to di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and di-butyl phthalate (DBP) increased the rate of heart defects including abnormal heart rate and pericardial edema. Changes in the transcriptional profile demonstrated that genes involved in the development of the heart, such as tbx5b, nppa, ctnt, my17, cmlc1, were significantly altered by DEHP and DBP at 50 μg/L, which agreed with the abnormal cardiac outcomes. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-Seq) further showed that significant hypomethylation of nppa and ctnt was identified after DEHP and DBP exposure, which was consistent with the up-regulation of these genes. Notably, hypermethylation on the promoter region (<1 kb) of tbx5b was found after DEHP and DBP exposure, which might be responsible for its decrease in transcription. In conclusion, phthalates have the potential to induce cardiac birth defects, which might be associated with the transcriptional regulation of the involved developmental factors such as tbx5b. These findings would contribute to understand the molecular pathways that mediated the cardiac defects caused by phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyan Mu
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaofeng Chen
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Liu
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lilai Yuan
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Donghui Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Le Qian
- College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Qian
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Gongming Shen
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Huang
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuxing Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingren Li
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangming Lin
- Fishery Resource and Environment Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Arrua-Duarte E, Migoya-Borja M, Barrigón ML, Barahona I, Delgado-Gomez D, Courtet P, Aroca F, Rizvi SJ, Kennedy SH, Quilty LC, Baca-García E. Spanish adaptation of the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS). J Affect Disord 2019; 245:702-707. [PMID: 30447569 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is defined as the lack of enjoyment, engagement in, or energy for life's experiences. Only two scales to measure anhedonia have been adapted for use in Spanish-speaking populations. The aim of this study was to determine the reliability and validity of the Dimensional Anhedonia Rating Scale (DARS) following translation and adaptation for Spanish population. METHOD The study sample included 134 patients over 18 years of age with a range of psychiatric diagnoses. Those with substance use, decompensated medical conditions, illiteracy, or lack of fluency in Spanish were excluded. The structure of the Spanish adaptation was evaluated through factor analysis. Internal reliability was assessed through Cronbach's alpha and validity was measured using Pearson's correlation between total scores for DARS and its subscales and SHAPS score. RESULTS A strong internal consistency was observed (Cronbach alpha = 0.92 for total scale score and 0.91-0.92 for subscale scores). Similarly, a significant and strong correlation between total scores for DARS and SHAPS was found (r = 0.51, p < 0.01). LIMITATIONS The heterogeneous distribution of diagnoses included in the study may limit our results. CONCLUSIONS The Spanish DARS maintains the psychometric properties of the original questionnaire, with strong internal consistency and adequate validity. DARS is a specific questionnaire for evaluating anhedonia, incorporating elements that reflect motivation, interest, and effort, and one which offers possible advantages over other anhedonia scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elsa Arrua-Duarte
- Department of Psychiatry, IIS-Jimenez Diaz Foundation. Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Maria L Barrigón
- Department of Psychiatry, IIS-Jimenez Diaz Foundation. Madrid, Spain; Autonoma University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Igor Barahona
- Instituto de Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, Mexico
| | | | - Philippe Courtet
- Département d'Urgences & Post-Urgences Psychiatriques, CHU Montpellier, Université Montpellier, France
| | - Fuensanta Aroca
- Instituto de Matemáticas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, Mexico
| | - Sakina J Rizvi
- ASR Suicide and Depression Studies Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada
| | - Sidney H Kennedy
- ASR Suicide and Depression Studies Unit, St. Michael's Hospital, Canada; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada
| | - Lena C Quilty
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Enrique Baca-García
- Department of Psychiatry, IIS-Jimenez Diaz Foundation. Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, General Hospital of Villalba, Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychiatry, University Hospital Infanta Elena, Valdemoro, Spain; CIBERSAM (Centro de Investigació n en Salud Mental), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain; Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.
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Tang MM, Lin WJ, Pan YQ, Li YC. Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 Modulates Hippocampal Microglia Activation in a Neuroinflammation Induced Model of Depression. Front Cell Neurosci 2018; 12:255. [PMID: 30135647 PMCID: PMC6092504 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2018.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies indicate that disturbed structure and function of microglia can cause depression and associated neurogenesis impairments. Our previous work has demonstrated that exogenous fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) reverses the depressive-like behaviors and the impaired hippocampal neurogenesis in a neuroinflammatory model of depression. However, whether and how the antidepressant effects of FGF2 involve the modulation of microglia activation has not been elucidated. In this study, to examine the effects of FGF2 on microglia activation, exogenous FGF2 was supplemented to the lateral ventricle of rats during the neuroinflammatory state induced by central lipopolysaccharides (LPS) administrations. It was found that FGF2 infusions reversed the LPS-induced depressive-like behaviors and inhibited the hippocampal microglia activation. In LPS-treated rats, FGF2 decreased the level of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interlukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, increased the level of IL-10, the anti-inflammatory cytokine and reversed the decreased expression of CX3CL1, a chemokine mainly expressed by neurons and keeping microglia in surveillance. Further, we examined the effects of inhibited FGF2 signaling by administration of SU5402, an FGFR inhibitor. It was found that SU5402 itself evoked depressive-like behaviors, induced microglia activation, increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α, and decreased the expression of CX3CL1. Two lines of results that FGF2 signaling and FGFR inhibitor can effectively but oppositely modulate the regulation of microglia and the generation of depressive-like behavior, suggesting that microglia-regulated mechanisms may underlie the antidepressant role of FGF2. The present data provide novel insights into the understanding of mechanism of neuroinflammation-associated depression and may serve as a novel mechanism-based target for the treatment of inflammation-related depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Juan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Qin Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China.,Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Cong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
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Tang MM, Lin WJ, Zhang JT, Zhao YW, Li YC. Exogenous FGF2 reverses depressive-like behaviors and restores the suppressed FGF2-ERK1/2 signaling and the impaired hippocampal neurogenesis induced by neuroinflammation. Brain Behav Immun 2017; 66:322-331. [PMID: 28529071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2017.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Our previous work demonstrated that neuroinflammation evoked by triple repeated central LPS challenges inhibited adult hippocampal neurogenesis that were correlated with the depressive-like behavioral symptoms induced by neuroinflammation. These findings suggest that hippocampal neurogenesis might be one of biological mechanisms underlying depression induced by neuroinflammation and targeting neurogenesis might lead to new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of depression. In this study, we manipulated adult hippocampal neurogenesis using fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2), one crucial molecule modulating cell proliferation and survival in central nervous system, and investigate the involvement and the potential therapeutic effects of FGF2 on neuroinflammation-induced depression. Central lipopolysaccharides (LPS) challenges were used as previously to evoke the neuroinflammatory state in the brain of rat. Exogenous FGF2 was infused into lateral ventricle during the neuroinflammatory state. It was found that the protein expression of FGF2 in hippocampus was inhibited by neuroinflammation. The activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), the downstream molecule of FGF2, was also inhibited by neuroinflammation. Exogenous FGF2 infusions prevented the decrease in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 under neuroinflammation state. Exogenous FGF2 reversed depressive-like behaviors and the impaired hippocampal neurogenesis induced by neuroinflammation. These findings provide evidence that the FGF2-ERK1/2 pathway is involved in the pathophysiology of depressive-like behaviors, and manipulating the neurogenesis pathway is a viable therapeutic approach to inflammation-associated depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Ming Tang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wen-Juan Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China; Brain-Behavior Research Center, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
| | - Jun-Tao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Wei Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Cong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Beijing 100101, China
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Carnevali L, Montano N, Statello R, Sgoifo A. Rodent models of depression-cardiovascular comorbidity: Bridging the known to the new. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 76:144-153. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tang MM, Lin WJ, Pan YQ, Guan XT, Li YC. Hippocampal neurogenesis dysfunction linked to depressive-like behaviors in a neuroinflammation induced model of depression. Physiol Behav 2016; 161:166-173. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Rodent models of depression: neurotrophic and neuroinflammatory biomarkers. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:932757. [PMID: 24999483 PMCID: PMC4066721 DOI: 10.1155/2014/932757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 05/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rodent models are an indispensable tool for studying etiology and progress of depression. Since interrelated systems of neurotrophic factors and cytokines comprise major regulatory mechanisms controlling normal brain plasticity, impairments of these systems form the basis for development of cerebral pathologies, including mental diseases. The present review focuses on the numerous experimental rodent models of depression induced by different stress factors (exteroceptive and interoceptive) during early life (including prenatal period) or adulthood, giving emphasis to the data on the changes of neurotrophic factors and neuroinflammatory indices in the brain. These parameters are closely related to behavioral depression-like symptoms and impairments of neuronal plasticity and are both gender- and genotype-dependent. Stress-related changes in expression of neurotrophins and cytokines in rodent brain are region-specific. Some contradictory data reported by different groups may be a consequence of differences of stress paradigms or their realization in different laboratories. Like all experimental models, stress-induced depression-like conditions are experimental simplification of clinical depression states; however, they are suitable for understanding the involvement of neurotrophic factors and cytokines in the pathogenesis of the disease—a goal unachievable in the clinical reality. These major regulatory systems may be important targets for therapeutic measures as well as for development of drugs for treatment of depression states.
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Smith P, Tuomisto MT, Blumenthal J, Sherwood A, Parkkinen L, Kähönen M, Pörsti I, Majahalme S, Turjanmaa V. Psychosocial correlates of atrial natriuretic peptide: a marker of vascular health. Ann Behav Med 2014; 45:99-109. [PMID: 22996638 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-012-9414-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychosocial factors have been associated with cardiovascular outcomes, but few studies have examined the association between psychosocial function and natriuretic peptides. PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to determine the predictive value of hostility, anger, and social support in relation to atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), a marker of vascular health, among middle-aged men. METHODS One hundred twenty-one men (mean age = 39.8 years, SD = 4.1) underwent assessments of ANP and completed the Cook-Medley Hostility Scale, the Spielberger State-Trait Anger Scale, and the Interview Schedule for Social Interaction. RESULTS Higher levels of hostility (β = 0.22 [95 % CI 0.04, 0.40], P = 0.032) and trait anger (β = 0.18 [95 % CI 0.01, 0.37], P = 0.044) were associated with greater ANP levels. In contrast, higher perceived social support was also associated with lower ANP levels, (β = -0.19 [95 % CI -0.05, -0.41], P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Psychosocial factors, including hostility, anger, and social support, are associated with varying ANP levels among middle-aged men, independent of cardiovascular and behavioral risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Smith
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA.
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Pan Y, Lin W, Wang W, Qi X, Wang D, Tang M. The effects of central pro-and anti-inflammatory immune challenges on depressive-like behavior induced by chronic forced swim stress in rats. Behav Brain Res 2013; 247:232-40. [PMID: 23542087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2013.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Although increasing evidence demonstrates that both chronic stressors and inflammatory immune activation contribute to pathophysiology and behavioral alterations associated with major depression, little is known about the interaction effect of central inflammatory immune activation and stress on depressive-like behavior. Our previous work has shown that 14-day chronic forced swim stress induces significant depressive-like behavior. The present investigation assessed whether pro-inflammatory cytokine and anti-inflammatory cytokine challenges have differential interaction effect on depressive-like behavior induced by chronic forced swim stress in rats. The pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune challenges were achieved respectively by central administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pro-inflammatory cytokine inducer, and interleukin-10 (IL-10), an anti-inflammatory cytokine. It was found that either central LPS treatment alone or chronic forced swim stress alone significantly induced depressive-like behavior, including reduced body weight gain, reduced saccharin preference and reduced locomotor activity. However, there was no significant synergistic or additive effect of central LPS treatment and stress on depressive-like behavior. LPS treatment did not exacerbate the depressive-like behavior induced by forced swim stress. Nevertheless, IL-10 reversed depressive-like behavior induced by forced swim stress, a finding indicating that IL-10 has antidepressant effect on behavioral depression induced by stress. The present findings provide new insight into the complexity of the immunity-inflammation hypothesis of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Pan
- Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
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Gibb J, Al-Yawer F, Anisman H. Synergistic and antagonistic actions of acute or chronic social stressors and an endotoxin challenge vary over time following the challenge. Brain Behav Immun 2013; 28:149-58. [PMID: 23164949 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2012] [Revised: 10/31/2012] [Accepted: 11/08/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute stressor exposure and immunogenic challenges can synergistically increase behavioral, endocrine and neuroinflammatory responses, but much less is known about how chronic stressors influence the actions of immune challenges. In the present investigation we assessed the influence of bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), administered on an acute chronic stressors backdrop, on sickness behavior, changes of circulating corticosterone and cytokine levels, and cytokine mRNA expression in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus. In this regard, it was of particular interest to determine whether the stressors would alter the temporal biological effects (onset and normalization) of LPS. There was a leftward shift in the temporal curve, in that sickness behavior, corticosterone and plasma IL-6 elevations among stressed mice appeared sooner after LPS treatment, but 3h after treatment corticosterone and IL-6 were lower than in nonstressed mice. In contrast, the stressor, especially when applied chronically, diminished the effects of LPS on TNF-α over the course of measurement, whereas effects on IL-10 were enhanced. In contrast to these peripheral effects, central cytokine mRNA expression, especially IL-1β and TNF-α, were diminished 1.5h following stressor and LPS administration, but were then synergistically enhanced at 3h compared to non-stressed controls. Although acute and chronic stressors provoked similar behavioral and neuroendocrine responses when combined with LPS, the effects of chronic stressors and LPS on brain cytokines were generally diminished, particularly in the PFC. The implications of the temporal changes related to stressors and immune activation are discussed, and several possible mechanisms for these effects are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Gibb
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Differences in sensitivity to ethanol-induced conditioned taste aversions emerge after pre- or post-pubertal gonadectomy in male and female rats. Behav Brain Res 2012. [PMID: 23195111 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that gonadectomy either prior to (early) or after (late) puberty elevated ethanol consumption in males to levels similar to intact adult females-effects that were attenuated by testosterone replacement. To assess whether alterations in the aversive effects of ethanol might contribute to gonadectomy-associated increases in ethanol intake in males, the present study examined the impact of gonadectomy on conditioned taste aversions (CTA) to ethanol in male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. Animals were gonadectomized, received sham surgery (SH) or non-manipulated (NM) on postnatal (P) day 23 (early) or 67 (late) and tested for CTA to ethanol in adulthood. Water-deprived rats were given 1 hr access every-other-day to 10% sucrose followed by an injection of ethanol (0, 1g/kg) for 5 test sessions. Test data were analyzed to determine the first day significant aversions emerged in each ethanol group (i.e., sucrose intakes significantly less than their saline-injected counterparts). Early gonadectomized males acquired the CTA more rapidly than did early SH and NM males (day 1 vs 3 and 4 respectively), whereas a gonadectomy-associated enhancement in ethanol CTA was not evident in late males. Among females, gonadectomy had little impact on ethanol-induced CTA, with females in all groups showing an aversion by the first or second day, regardless of surgery age. These data suggest that previously observed elevations in ethanol intake induced by either pre- or post-pubertal gonadectomy in males are not related simply to gonadectomy-induced alterations in the aversive effects of ethanol indexed via CTA.
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Painsipp E, Köfer MJ, Sinner F, Holzer P. Prolonged depression-like behavior caused by immune challenge: influence of mouse strain and social environment. PLoS One 2011; 6:e20719. [PMID: 21673960 PMCID: PMC3108969 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0020719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2010] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune challenge by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) causes short-term behavioral changes indicative of depression. The present study sought to explore whether LPS is able to induce long-term changes in depression-related behavior and whether such an effect depends on mouse strain and social context. LPS (0.83 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered intraperitoneally to female CD1 and C57BL/6 mice that were housed singly or in groups of 4. Depression-like behavior was assessed with the forced swim test (FST) 1 and 28 days post-treatment. Group-housed CD1 mice exhibited depression-like behavior 1 day post-LPS, an effect that leveled off during the subsequent 28 days, while the behavior of singly housed CD1 mice was little affected. In contrast, singly housed C57BL/6 mice responded to LPS with an increase in depression-like behavior that was maintained for 4 weeks post-treatment and confirmed by the sucrose preference test. Group-housed C57BL/6 mice likewise displayed an increased depression-like behavior 4 weeks post-treatment. The behavioral changes induced by LPS in C57BL/6 mice were associated with a particularly pronounced rise of interleukin-6 in blood plasma within 1 day post-treatment and with changes in the dynamics of the corticosterone response to the FST. The current data demonstrate that immune challenge with LPS is able to induce prolonged depression-like behavior, an effect that depends on genetic background (strain). The discovery of an experimental model of long-term depression-like behavior after acute immune challenge is of relevance to the analysis of the epigenetic and pathophysiologic mechanisms of immune system-related affective disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelin Painsipp
- Research Unit of Translational
Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin J. Köfer
- Research Unit of Translational
Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Frank Sinner
- Health-Institute for Biomedicine and Health
Sciences, Joanneum Research, Graz, Austria
| | - Peter Holzer
- Research Unit of Translational
Neurogastroenterology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology,
Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Wann BP, Audet MC, Anisman H. Impact of acute and chronic stressor experiences on heart atrial and brain natriuretic peptides in response to a subsequent stressor. Horm Behav 2010; 58:907-16. [PMID: 20832411 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2010.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Revised: 08/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/01/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The impact of stressful events on processes related to cardiovascular functioning might vary with previous stressor experiences, just as such sensitization effects have been detected with respect to several neurochemical and hormonal processes. The present investigation assessed the impact of a psychosocial stressor on factors directly or indirectly related to cardiovascular functioning among CD-1 mice that had previously experienced an acute or chronic stressor regimen. These factors included plasma variations of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides (ANP and BNP, respectively), inflammatory cytokines in plasma, mRNA expression of natriuretic peptides and inflammatory cytokines in the ventricles, and norepinephrine (NA) levels and utilization within the locus coeruleus, a brain region implicated in cardiac functioning. A social stressor (exposure to a dominant mouse) increased NE levels and utilization within the locus coeruleus, plasma corticosterone, cytokine and ANP levels. Among mice initially exposed to an acute stressor (restraint), NE utilization, ventricular ANP mRNA expression, and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6) concentrations were markedly increased by the subsequent social stressor. In chronically stressed mice some of the effects of the social stressor were dampened, including changes of plasma corticosterone, locus coeruleus NE utilization, as well as plasma and ventricular IL-6 mRNA expression. Conversely, plasma ANP was markedly enhanced by the combined stressor events as was ventricular BNP and IL-1β mRNA expression. It seems that stressors may profoundly influence (sensitize or desensitize) on factors that could influence cardiovascular functioning. It remains to be determined whether these actions would be translated as pathophysiological outcomes.
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Interferon-gamma deficiency modifies the effects of a chronic stressor in mice: Implications for psychological pathology. Brain Behav Immun 2010; 24:462-73. [PMID: 20004715 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2009] [Revised: 11/23/2009] [Accepted: 12/04/2009] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pro-inflammatory cytokines promote behavioral and neurochemical variations similar to those evident following stressor exposure, and have been implicated in promoting depressive illness. Indeed, immunotherapeutic application of the cytokine, interferon-alpha, promoted depressive illness in cancer and hepatitis C patients. We assessed the possibility that another interferon cytokine family member, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), might contribute to the behavioral and biochemical alterations provoked by a chronic stressor regimen that has been used to model neuropsychiatric pathology in rodents. As predicted, IFN-gamma-deficient mice displayed basal differences in behavior (e.g., reduced open field exploration) and altered neurochemical activity (e.g., increased noradrenergic and serotonergic activity within the central amygdala), relative to their wild-type counterparts. Moreover, stressor-induced elevations of corticosterone and the pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, were attenuated in IFN-gamma-deficient mice. Similarly, the IFN-gamma null mice were refractory to the chronic stressor-induced alterations of dopamine metabolism (within the prefrontal cortex, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and central amygdala) evident in wild-type mice. Yet, the chronic stressor provoked signs of anxiety (e.g., reduced open field exploration) and depression-like behavior (e.g., increased forced swim immobility, reduced consumption of a palatable solution) among both wild-type and IFN-gamma knockout mice alike, suggesting a dissociation of behavioral functioning from the stressor-induced alterations of immunological, hormonal and dopaminergic activity. Together, these data suggest a complex neurobehavioral phenotype, wherein IFN-gamma deletion engenders a state of heightened basal emotionality coupled with increased monoaminergic activity in the amygdala. At the same time, however, IFN-gamma deficiency appears to blunt some of the neurochemical, corticoid and cytokine alterations ordinarily associated with chronic stressor exposure.
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