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Myran DT, Gaudreault A, Pugliese M, Tanuseputro P, Saunders N. Cannabis-involvement in emergency department visits for self-harm following medical and non-medical cannabis legalization. J Affect Disord 2024; 351:853-862. [PMID: 38309479 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cannabis use may increase the risk of self-harm, but whether legalization of cannabis is associated with changes in self-harm is unknown. We examined changes in cannabis-involvement in emergency department (ED) visits for self-harm after the liberalization of medical and legalization of non-medical cannabis in Canada. METHODS This repeated cross-sectional study used health administrative data to identify all ED visits for self-harm in individuals aged ten and older between January 2010 and December 2021. We identified self-harm ED visits with a co-diagnosis of cannabis (main exposure) or alcohol (control condition) and examined changes in rates of visits over four distinct policy periods (pre-legalization, medical liberalization, non-medical legalization with restrictions, and non-medical commercialization/COVID-19) using Poisson models. RESULTS The study included 158,912 individuals with one or more self-harm ED visits, of which 7810 (4.9 %) individuals had a co-diagnosis of cannabis use and 24,761 (15.6 %) had a co-diagnosis of alcohol use. Between 2010 and 2021, the annual rate of ED visits for self-harm injuries involving cannabis per 100,000 individuals increased by 90.1 % (3.6 in 2010 to 6.9 in 2021 per 100,000 individuals), while the annual rate of self-harm injuries involving alcohol decreased by 17.3 % (168.1 in 2010 to 153.1 in 2021 per 100,000 individuals). The entire increase in visits relative to pre-legalization occurred after medical liberalization (seasonally adjusted Risk Ratio [asRR] 1.71 95 % CI 1.09-1.15) with no further increases during the legalization with restrictions (asRR 1.77 95%CI 1.62-1.93) or commercialization/COVID-19 periods (asRR 1.63 95%CI 1.50-176). CONCLUSIONS Cannabis-involvement in self-harm ED visits almost doubled over 12 years and may have accelerated after medical cannabis liberalization. While the results cannot determine whether cannabis is increasingly causing self-harm ED visits or whether cannabis is increasingly being used by individuals at high risk of self-harm, greater detection for cannabis use in this population and intervention may be indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Myran
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; ICES uOttawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
| | - Adrienne Gaudreault
- Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Michael Pugliese
- ICES uOttawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peter Tanuseputro
- Bruyère Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Clinical Epidemiology Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; ICES uOttawa, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha Saunders
- The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; ICES, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Edwin S.H. Leong Centre for Healthy Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Bebbington E, Kakola M, Nagaraj S, Guruswamy S, McPhillips R, Majgi SM, Rajendra R, Krishna M, Poole R, Robinson C. Development of an electronic burns register: Digitisation of routinely collected hospital data for global burns surveillance. Burns 2024; 50:395-404. [PMID: 38172021 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Burn registers provide important data that can track injury trends and evaluate services. Burn registers are concentrated in high-income countries, but most burn injuries occur in low- and middle-income countries where surveillance data are limited. Injury surveillance guidance recommends utilisation of existing routinely collected data where data quality is adequate, but there is a lack of guidance on how to achieve this. Our aim was to develop a rigorous and reproducible method to establish an electronic burn register from existing routinely collected data that can be implemented in low resource settings. METHODS Data quality of handwritten routinely collected records (register books) from a tertiary government hospital burn unit in Mysore, India was assessed prior to digitisation. Process mapping was conducted for burn patient presentations. Register and casualty records were compared to assess the case ascertainment rate. Register books from February 2016 to February 2022 were scanned and anonymised. Scans were quality checked and stored securely. An online data entry form was developed. All data underwent double verification. RESULTS Process mapping suggested data were reliable, and case ascertainment was 95%. 1930 presentations were recorded in the registers, representing 0.84% of hospital all-cause admissions. 388 pages were scanned with 4.4% requiring rescanning due to quality problems. Two-step verification estimated there to be errors remaining in 0.06% of fields following data entry. CONCLUSION We have described, using the example of a newly established electronic register in India, methods to assess the suitability and reliability of existing routinely collected data for surveillance purposes, to digitise handwritten data, and to quantify error during the digitisation process. The methods are likely to be of particular interest to burn units in countries with no active national burns register. We strongly recommend mobilisation of resources for digitisation of existing high quality routinely collected data as an important step towards developing burn surveillance systems in low resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Bebbington
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, UK.
| | - Mohan Kakola
- Department of Plastic Surgery and Burns, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, KR hospital, Irwin Road, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India
| | - Santhosh Nagaraj
- South Asia Self-harm Initiative, JSS Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, Karnataka 570004, India
| | - Sathish Guruswamy
- South Asia Self-harm Initiative, JSS Hospital, Mahatma Gandhi Road, Mysuru, Karnataka 570004, India
| | - Rebecca McPhillips
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Ellen Wilkinson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Sumanth Mallikarjuna Majgi
- Department of Community Medicine, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India
| | - Rajagopal Rajendra
- Department of Psychiatry, Mysore Medical College and Research Institute, Mysuru, Karnataka 570001, India
| | - Murali Krishna
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, UK
| | - Rob Poole
- Centre for Mental Health and Society, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Bangor University, Wrexham, LL13 7YP, UK
| | - Catherine Robinson
- Social Care and Society, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Ellen Wilkinson Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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Arendse N, Goolam Nabi Z, van Niekerk A. A qualitative exploration of forensic pathology service staff perceptions of the implementation barriers and facilitators of manual- and electronic injury mortality surveillance system methods in South Africa. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2354. [PMID: 38017400 PMCID: PMC10685614 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17337-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury mortality surveillance systems are critical to monitor changes in a population's injury outcomes so that relevant injury prevention responses may be adopted. This is particularly the case in South Africa, where the injury burden is nearly twice the global rate. Regular evaluations of surveillance systems are pivotal to strengthening surveillance capacity, performance, and cost effectiveness. The National Injury Mortality Surveillance System (NIMSS) is an injury mortality surveillance system that is currently focused in Mpumalanga and utilises manual and electronic web-based systems for data collection. This study explored Forensic Pathology Service (FPS) staff perceptions of the implementation barriers and facilitators of manual- and electronic injury mortality surveillance system methods. METHODS A qualitative study was employed using purposive sampling. Forty-seven participants, aged 29 to 59 years comprising 31 males and 16 females were recruited across 21 FPS facilities that serve the province. The formative evaluation occurred over the November 2019 to November 2022 period. Twelve focus group discussions were thematically analysed to determine emerging themes and patterns related to the use of the system using the WHO surveillance system guidelines as a framework. RESULTS The key themes concerning the barriers and facilitators were located along WHO attributes of simplicity, acceptability, timeliness, flexibility, data quality and stability. Distinctions between the manual and e-surveillance systems were drawn upon across the attributes highlighting their experience with the system, user preference, and its contextual relevance. With Mpumalanga predominantly rural, internet connectivity was a common issue, with most participants consequently showing a preference for the manual system, even though the electronic system's automated internal validation process was of benefit. The data quality however remained similar for both methods. With program stability and flexibility, the manual system proved more beneficial as the dataset was reported to be easily transferrable across computer devices. CONCLUSION Obtaining FPS perceptions of their experiences with the system methodologies are pertinent for the enhancement of injury surveillance systems so to improve prospective engagements with the systems. This will facilitate timely and accurate injury mortality information which is vital to inform public policy, and injury control and prevention responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Arendse
- Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa (Unisa), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa.
- Masculinity and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council-Unisa, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Z Goolam Nabi
- Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa (Unisa), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- Masculinity and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council-Unisa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - A van Niekerk
- Institute for Social and Health Sciences, University of South Africa (Unisa), Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa
- Masculinity and Health Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council-Unisa, Cape Town, South Africa
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Mirani N, Ayatollahi H, Khorasani-Zavareh D, Zeraatkar K. Emergency department-based injury surveillance information system: a conceptual model. BMC Emerg Med 2023; 23:61. [PMID: 37259025 DOI: 10.1186/s12873-023-00831-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Injury data play a pivotal role in monitoring public health issues and Injury Surveillance Information Systems (ISIS) are useful for continuous data collection and analysis purposes. Since emergency department (ED) is usually the first place of referral for the injured people, the aim of this study was to develop a conceptual model for an ED-based ISIS. METHODS This study was completed in 2020 and the Delphi technique (three rounds) was used to determine the main components of an ED-based ISIS. The participants were selected using the purposive sampling method. A 5-point Likert scale questionnaire was used for data collection and data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS In the first, second, and third rounds of the Delphi study, 60, 44, and 28 experts participated, respectively. In the first and second rounds, most of the items including the personal data, clinical data, data sources, and system functions were found important. In the third round of the Delphi study, 13 items which did not reach a consensus in the previous rounds were questioned again and five items were removed from the final model. CONCLUSION According to the findings, various data elements and functions could be considered for designing an ED-based ISIS and a number of data sources should be taken into count to be integrated with this system. Although the conceptual model presented in the present study can facilitate designing the actual system, the final system needs to be implemented and used in practice to determine how it can meet users' requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Mirani
- Department of Health Tourism, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Haleh Ayatollahi
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Health Management Research Institute, Iran University of Medical Sciences, 1996713883, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh
- Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Family Medicine and Primary Care, Karolinska Institute, Huddinge, H1, Sweden
| | - Kimia Zeraatkar
- Education Development Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
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Mwenda V, Yellman MA, Oyugi E, Mwachaka P, Gathecha G, Gura Z. Piloting a hospital-based road traffic injury surveillance system in Nairobi County, Kenya, 2018-2019. Injury 2023; 54:S0020-1383(23)00182-1. [PMID: 36925372 PMCID: PMC10599333 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2023.02.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kenya's estimated road traffic injury (RTI) death rate is 27.8/100,000 population, which is 1.5 times the global rate. Some RTI data are collected in Kenya; however, a systematic and integrated surveillance system does not exist. Therefore, we adopted and modified the World Health Organization's injury surveillance guidelines to pilot a hospital-based RTI surveillance system in Nairobi County, Kenya. METHODS We prospectively documented all RTI cases presenting at two public trauma hospitals in Nairobi County from October 2018-April 2019. RTI cases were defined as injuries involving ≥1 moving vehicles on public roads. Demographics, injury circumstances, and outcome information were collected using standardized case report forms. The Kampala Trauma Score (KTS) was used to assess injury severity. RTI cases were characterized with descriptive statistics. RESULTS Of the 1,840 RTI cases reported during the seven-month period, 73.2% were male. The median age was 29.8 years (range 1-89 years). Forty percent (n = 740) were taken to the hospital by bystanders. Median time for hospital arrival was 77 min. Pedestrians constituted 54.1% (n = 995) of cases. Of 400 motorcyclists, 48.0% lacked helmets. Similarly, 65.7% of bicyclists (23/35) lacked helmets. Among 386 motor vehicle occupants, 59.6% were not using seat belts (19.9% unknown). Seven percent of cases (n = 129) reported alcohol use (49.0% unknown), and 8.8% (n = 161) reported mobile phone use (59.7% unknown). Eleven percent of cases (n = 199) were severely injured (KTS <11), and 220 died. CONCLUSION We demonstrated feasibility of a hospital-based RTI surveillance system in Nairobi County. Integrating information from crash scenes and hospitals can guide prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerian Mwenda
- Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya; Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya.
| | - Merissa A Yellman
- Division of Injury Prevention, National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Elvis Oyugi
- Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Gladwell Gathecha
- Division of Non-communicable Diseases, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Zeinab Gura
- Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Ministry of Health, Nairobi, Kenya
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Zhang R, Sun JX, Guo YZ, Liu LX, Wushouer F, Dong Y, Fang P, Muyiduli X, Gao ZG, Dai JH, Ni MJ. An Analysis of Injury Trends and Disease Burden From Three Surveillance Hospitals in Urumqi From 2006 to 2018. Front Public Health 2022; 10:915637. [PMID: 35937212 PMCID: PMC9354953 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.915637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate injury trends, injury distribution, and disease burden from three surveillance hospitals in Urumqi from 2006 to 2018. Method Injury data from the National Injury Surveillance System (NISS) from three hospitals in Urumqi (2006 to 2018) were collected to analyze changes in the characteristics of outpatient injury cases. Years of potential life lost (YPLL) were calculated to determine the disease burden of the injury cases. Results A total of 161,400 injury cases were recorded over 13 years, and the average age of the patient seeking medical attention was 32.4 years old. Male patients outnumbered female patients with a ratio of 1.6:1, but the proportion of female patients was greater after 45 years of age. The highest number of cases occurred in patients 15–29 years of age, accounting for 26.8% of all injury cases. Injury in females occurred most frequently in the home. A total of 41.4% of injury cases occurred while doing housework. The top three causes of injury were falls (49.7%), blunt force of an object, (13.7%), and motor vehicle accidents (MVA) (13.5%). Years of potential life lost from injury accounted for 7.39% of the total YPLL in the three hospitals. Conclusion Males should be targeted for injury prevention and intervention in Urumqi. The prevention of falls, blunt force of objects, and MVA should be made a priority. Injury prevention strategies and targeted projects should be developed to reduce the disease burden of injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhang
- Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Jing-Xuan Sun
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Ying-Zhen Guo
- Department for Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Tianshan District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Lai-Xin Liu
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Fuerhati Wushouer
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Dong
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Ping Fang
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiamusiye Muyiduli
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Zhen-Guo Gao
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiang-Hong Dai
- Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Jiang-Hong Dai
| | - Ming-Jian Ni
- Post-doctoral Mobile Research Station of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
- Post-doctoral Research Station, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Urumqi, China
- *Correspondence: Ming-Jian Ni
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Dahuja A, Bansal K, Gupta N, Arora S, Garg RS, Gupta M. Comparing pattern of musculoskeletal injuries prior to and during COVID-19 lockdown: A time-trend case study from a tertiary level Trauma Center of Northern India. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:427-431. [PMID: 34017765 PMCID: PMC8132754 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1595_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: In the COVID-19 times, Indian sub-continent is struggling to contain the epidemic and trying to strengthen the existing health infrastructure, the national level lockdown has raised concerns about the pattern of injuries whether it has remained the same or has changed over this period. This is the first study to compare injury pattern during the two months lockdown period with the data of corresponding months from years 2016-2020. Also we compared the age- and sex-wise distribution patterns of these injuries for the above mentioned period. Methods: This retrospective cross sectional study was conducted by the Department of Orthopaedics in Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital (GGSMCH) in Faridkot, Punjab. Secondary data for patient's age and sex, mode of injury, and site of injury was collected through record review for the period of two months (24th March to 24th May) for five consecutive years of 2016-2020. Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test was used to see the association between age and sex with mode and type of injury. Results: The five year injury trends reflected that the proportion of injuries in 2016 was 16.5% (n = 48) of the total musculoskeletal injuries (n = 291) which rose to 23.4% (n = 68) in 2020. Majority of the patients were males (80%), and belonged to adult age group (69.4%) followed by elderly (17.2%), adolescents (8.6%) and children (4.8%). The proportion of road traffic accidents out of all injuries significantly reduced during the lock down period of two months in 2020 (p = 0.001). On the contrary, the proportion of injuries due to falls as well as unspecified assault increased significantly in 2020 as compared to previous years. Conclusions: The proportion of musculoskeletal injuries have increased from 2016-2020. Unspecified assault and all types of falls pushed the road traffic accidents to third position during the lockdown period in 2020 as compared to previous four years. Injury surveillance needs to be integrated in routine hospital system for precise information and for more efficient functioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anshul Dahuja
- Department of Orthopaedics, GGSMCH, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Kapil Bansal
- Department of Orthopaedics, GGSMCH, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Nikhil Gupta
- Department of Orthopaedics, GGSMCH, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | - Sagar Arora
- Department of Orthopaedics, GGSMCH, Faridkot, Punjab, India
| | | | - Mamta Gupta
- Lead Epidemiologist, Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Alchemist Research and Data Analysis, Chandigarh, India
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Mirani N, Ayatollahi H, Khorasani-Zavareh D. Injury surveillance information system: A review of the system requirements. Chin J Traumatol 2020; 23:168-175. [PMID: 32334919 PMCID: PMC7296361 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE An injury surveillance information system (ISIS) collects, analyzes, and distributes data on injuries to promote health care delivery. The present study aimed to review the data elements and functional requirements of this system. METHOD This study was conducted in 2019. Studies related to injury surveillance system were searched from January 2000 to September 2019 via the databases of PubMed, Web of Knowledge, ScienceDirect, and Scopus. Articles related to the epidemiology of injury, population survey, and letters to the editor were excluded, while the review and research articles related to ISISs were included in the study. Initially 324 articles were identified, and finally 22 studies were selected for review. Having reviewed the articles, the data needed were extracted and the results were synthesized narratively. RESULTS The results showed that most of the systems reviewed in this study used the minimum data set suggested by the World Health Organization injury surveillance guidelines along with supplementary data. The main functions considered for the system were injury track, data analysis, report, data linkage, electronic monitoring and data dissemination. CONCLUSION ISISs can help to improve healthcare planning and injury prevention. Since different countries have various technical and organizational infrastructures, it is essential to identify system requirements in different settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Mirani
- Department of Health Information Management, School of Health Management and Information Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1996713883, Iran
| | - Haleh Ayatollahi
- Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1996713883, Iran,Corresponding author.
| | - Davoud Khorasani-Zavareh
- Workplace Health Promotion Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 198353-5511, Iran,Department of Health in Emergencies and Disasters, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1983535511, Iran
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Road traffic injuries: Cross-sectional cluster randomized countrywide population data from 4 low-income countries. Int J Surg 2018; 52:237-242. [PMID: 29471158 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2018.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Road traffic injuries (RTI) are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality around the world. The burden is highest in low and middle-income countries (LMICs) and is increasing. We aimed to describe the epidemiology of RTIs in 4 low-income countries using nationally representative survey data. METHODS The Surgeons Overseas Assessment of Surgical Needs (SOSAS) survey tool was administered in four countries: Sierra Leone, Rwanda, Nepal and Uganda. We performed nationally representative cross-sectional, cluster randomized surveys in each country. Information regarding demographics, injury characteristics, anatomic location of injury, healthcare seeking behavior, and disability from injury was collected. Data were reported with descriptive statistics and evaluated for differences between the four countries using statistical tests where appropriate. RESULTS A total of 13,765 respondents from 7115 households in the four countries were surveyed. RTIs occurred in 2.2% (2.0-2.5%) of the population and accounted for 12.9% (11.5-14.2%) of all injuries incurred. The mean age was 34 years (standard deviation ±1years); 74% were male. Motorcycle crashes accounted for 44.7% of all RTIs. The body regions most affected included head/face/neck (36.5%) followed by extremity fractures (32.2%). Healthcare was sought by 78% road injured; 14.8% underwent a major procedure (requiring anesthesia). Major disability resulting in limitations of work or daily activity occurred in 38.5% (33.0-43.9%). CONCLUSION RTIs account for a significant proportion of disability from injury. Younger men are most affected, raising concerns for potential detrimental consequences to local economies. Prevention initiatives are urgently needed to stem this growing burden of disease; additionally, improved access to timely emergency, trauma and surgical care may help alleviate the burden due to RTI in LMICs.
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