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Idowu OK, Oluyomi OO, Faniyan OO, Dosumu OO, Akinola OB. The synergistic ameliorative activity of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and gamma agonists, fenofibrate and pioglitazone, on hippocampal neurodegeneration in a rat model of insulin resistance. IBRAIN 2022; 8:251-263. [PMID: 37786742 PMCID: PMC10528802 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is a risk factor for metabolic disorders and neurodegeneration. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists have been proven to mitigate the neuronal pathology associated with IR. However, the synergetic efficacy of these agonists is yet to be fully described. Hence, we aimed to investigate the efficacy of PPARα/γ agonists (fenofibrate and pioglitazone) on a high-fat diet (HFD) and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced hippocampal neurodegeneration. Male Wistar rats (200 ± 25 mg/body weight [BW]) were divided into five groups. The experimental groups were fed on an HFD for 12 weeks coupled with 5 days of an STZ injection (30 mg/kg/BW, i.p) to induce IR. Fenofibrate (FEN; 100 mg/kg/BW, orally), pioglitazone (PIO; 20 mg/kg/BW, orally), and their combination were administered for 2 weeks postinduction. Behavioral tests were conducted, and blood was collected to determine insulin sensitivity after treatment. Animals were killed for assessment of oxidative stress, cellular morphology characterization, and astrocytic evaluation. HFD/STZ-induced IR increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decreased glutathione (GSH) levels. Evidence of cellular alterations and overexpression of astrocytic protein was observed in the hippocampus. By contrast, monotherapy of FEN and PIO increased the GSH level (p < 0.05), decreased the MDA level (p < 0.05), and improved cellular morphology and astrocytic expression. Furthermore, the combined treatment led to improved therapeutic activities compared to monotherapies. In conclusion, FEN and PIO exerted a therapeutic synergistic effect on HFD/STZ-induced IR in the hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Oluwatomisin O. Faniyan
- Department of Physiology, School of Bioscience and Veterinary MedicineUniversity of CamerinoCamerinoItaly
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Keilhoff G, Ludwig C, Pinkernelle J, Lucas B. Effects of Gynostemma pentaphyllum on spinal cord motor neurons and microglial cells in vitro. Acta Histochem 2021; 123:151759. [PMID: 34425524 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2021.151759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The regenerative capability of spinal cord neurons is limited to impossible. Thus, experimental approaches supporting reconstruction/regeneration are in process. This study focused on the evaluation of the protective potency of an extract from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (GP), a plant used in traditional medicine with anti-oxidative and neuroprotective activities, in vitro on organotypic spinal cord cultures, the motor-neuron-like NSC-34 cell line and the microglial cell line BV-2. Organotypic cultures were mechanically stressed by the slicing procedure and the effect of GP on motor neuron survival and neurite sprouting was tested by immunohistochemistry. NSC-34 cells were neuronal differentiated by using special medium. Afterwards, cell survival (propidium iodide/fluorescein diacetate labeling), proliferation (BrdU-incorporation), and neurite sprouting were evaluated. BV-2 cells were stimulated with LPS/interferon γ and subjected to migration assay and nanoparticle uptake. Cell survival, proliferation and the expression pattern of different microglial activation markers (cFOS, iNOS) as well as transcription factors (PPARγ, YB1) were analyzed. In organotypic cultures, high-dose GP supported survival of motor neurons and especially of the neuronal fiber network. Despite reduced neurodegeneration, however, there was a GP-mediated activation of astro- and microglia. In NSC-34 cells, high-dosed GP had degenerative and anti-proliferative effects, but only in normal medium. Moreover, GP supported the neuro-differentiation ability. In BV-2 cells, high-dosed GP was toxic. In lower dosages, GP affected cell survival and proliferation when combined with LPS/interferon γ. Nanoparticle uptake, migration ability, and the transcription factor PPARγ, however, GP affected directly. The data suggest positive effects of GP on injured spinal motor neurons. Moreover, GP activated microglial cells. The dual role of microglia (protective/detrimental) in neurodegenerative processes required further experiments to enhance the knowledge about GP effects. Therefore, a possible clinical use of GP in spinal cord injuries is still a long way off.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerburg Keilhoff
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Josephine Pinkernelle
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Benjamin Lucas
- Dept. of Trauma Surgery, Medical Faculty, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, Germany
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3
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Kuo SC, Li Y, Cheng KC, Niu CS, Cheng JT, Niu HS. Investigation of the pronounced erythropoietin-induced reduction in hyperglycemia in type 1-like diabetic rats. Endocr J 2018; 65:181-191. [PMID: 29109360 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej17-0353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is known to stimulate erythropoiesis after binding with its specific receptor. In clinics, EPO is widely used in hemodialyzed patients with diabetes. However, changes in the expression of the erythropoietin receptor (EPOR) under diabetic conditions are still unclear. Therefore, we investigated EPOR expression both in vivo and in vitro. Streptozotocin-induced type 1-like diabetic rats (STZ rats) were used to evaluate the blood glucose-lowering effects of EPO. The expression and activity of the transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), the potential signaling molecule, was investigated in cultured rat skeletal myoblast (L6) cells incubated in high-glucose (HG) medium to mimic the in vivo changes. The EPO-induced reduction in hyperglycemia was more pronounced in diabetic rats. The increased EPOR expression in the soleus muscle of diabetic rats was reversed by the reduction in hyperglycemia. Glucose uptake was also increased in high-glucose (HG)-treated L6 cells. Western blotting results indicated that the EPO-induced hyperglycemic activity was enhanced mainly through an increase in EPOR expression. Increased EPOR expression was associated with the enhanced nuclear expression of STAT3 in HG-exposed L6 cells. In addition, treatment with siRNA specific to STAT3 reversed the increased expression of EPOR observed in these cells. Treatment with Stattic at a dose sufficient to inhibit STAT3 reduced the expression level of EPOR in STZ rats. In conclusion, the increased expression of EPOR by hyperglycemia is mainly associated with an augmented expression of nuclear STAT3, which was identified both in vivo and in vitro in the present study.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Blood Glucose/drug effects
- Blood Glucose/metabolism
- Cells, Cultured
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental/physiopathology
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/chemically induced
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy
- Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/physiopathology
- Erythropoiesis/drug effects
- Erythropoietin/therapeutic use
- Hyperglycemia/etiology
- Hyperglycemia/prevention & control
- Male
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Receptors, Erythropoietin/genetics
- Receptors, Erythropoietin/metabolism
- Streptozocin
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Chun Kuo
- Department of Optometry, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan 71701, Taiwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan
| | - Yingxiao Li
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Kai-Chun Cheng
- Department of Psychosomatic Internal Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
| | - Chiang-Shan Niu
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan 71003, Taiwan
- Institute of Medical Science, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan 71101, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Shan Niu
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien 97005, Taiwan
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Kuo SC, Li Y, Cheng KC, Niu CS, Cheng JT, Niu HS. Increase in renal erythropoietin receptors in diabetic rats is mainly mediated by hyperglycemia associated with the STAT3/GATA-1 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 96:1094-1102. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.11.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 11/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Loperamide-induced Cardiac Depression Is Enhanced by Hyperglycemia: Evidence Relevant to Loperamide Abuse. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:64-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Wang CM, Hsu CT, Niu HS, Chang CH, Cheng JT, Shieh JM. Lung damage induced by hyperglycemia in diabetic rats: The role of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3). J Diabetes Complications 2016; 30:1426-1433. [PMID: 27481368 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2016.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Increased evidence has shown that diabetes can be a risk factor for pulmonary fibrosis. The objective of this study was to use streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ rats) to assess the possible signals associated with lung damage in diabetic disorders. The expression levels of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) in lung tissues were measured through Western blot analysis and real-time PCR. Additionally, the potential mechanisms were confirmed in cultured rat lung cell line (L2) incubated in high-glucose (HG) medium to mimic the in vivo changes. The pathological changes in the lung tissues of STZ rats were characterized using the bleomycin-treated tissues as reference. Moreover, the higher expression levels of STAT3 and CTGF in the lung tissues of STZ rats were reversed by treating the hyperglycemia. CTGF expression increased following the higher expression of STAT3 in the cultured L2 cells exposed to HG, and this change was reversed by siRNA treatment specific for STAT3. Stattic, at a dose sufficient to inhibit STAT3, reduced the CTGF levels in the lungs of STZ rats. In conclusion, STAT3 enhanced CTGF expression in a type-1 diabetes model associated with lung damage. Thus, STAT3 inhibitors may be developed to improve diabetes-induced lung damage in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Min Wang
- Chest Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center- Liouying, Liouying, Tainan City, Taiwan 73601
| | - Chao-Tien Hsu
- Department of Pathology, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan 82401
| | - Ho-Shan Niu
- Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien City, Taiwan 97005
| | - Chin-Hong Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan 71003; Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan 71003
| | - Juei-Tang Cheng
- Department of Medical Research, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan 71003; Institute of Medical Sciences, Chang Jung Christian University, Gueiren, Tainan City, Taiwan 71101.
| | - Jiunn-Min Shieh
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Yong Kang, Tainan City, Taiwan 71003.
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Long-term streptozotocin diabetes impairs arachidonic and docosahexaenoic acid metabolism and ∆5 desaturation indices in aged rats. Exp Gerontol 2014; 60:140-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Signals for increase of μ-opioid receptor expression in muscle by hyperglycemia. Neurosci Lett 2014; 582:109-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2014.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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9
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Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor ligands as regulators of airway inflammation and remodelling in chronic lung disease. PPAR Res 2011; 2007:14983. [PMID: 18000530 PMCID: PMC2065911 DOI: 10.1155/2007/14983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2007] [Accepted: 06/11/2007] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a major component in the pathology of chronic lung diseases, including asthma. Anti-inflammatory treatment with corticosteroids is not effective in all patients. Thus, new therapeutic options are required to control diverse cellular functions that are currently not optimally targeted by these drugs in order to inhibit inflammation and its sequelae in lung disease. Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs), originally characterised as regulators of lipid and glucose metabolism, offer marked potential in this respect. PPARs are expressed in both lung infiltrating and resident immune and inflammatory cells, as well as in resident and structural cells in the lungs, and play critical roles in the regulation of airway inflammation. In vitro, endogenous and synthetic ligands for PPARs regulate expression and release of proinflammatory cytokines and chemoattractants, and cell proliferation and survival. In murine models of allergen-induced inflammation, PPARα and PPARγ ligands reduce the influx of inflammatory cells, cytokine and mucus production, collagen deposition, and airways hyperresponsiveness. The activity profiles of PPAR ligands differ to corticosteroids, supporting the hypothesis that PPARs comprise additional therapeutic targets to mimimise the contribution of inflammation to airway remodelling and dysfunction.
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Matsushita Y, Ogawa D, Wada J, Yamamoto N, Shikata K, Sato C, Tachibana H, Toyota N, Makino H. Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta inhibits streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy through anti-inflammatory mechanisms in mice. Diabetes 2011; 60:960-8. [PMID: 21270242 PMCID: PMC3046857 DOI: 10.2337/db10-1361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation of the nuclear hormone receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-δ has been shown to improve insulin resistance, adiposity, and plasma HDL levels. Several studies have reported that activation of PPARδ is atheroprotective; however, the role of PPARδ in renal function remains unclear. Here, we report the renoprotective effects of PPARδ activation in a model of streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were divided into three groups: 1) nondiabetic control mice, 2) diabetic mice, and 3) diabetic mice treated with the PPARδ agonist GW0742 (1 mg/kg/day). GW0742 was administered by gavage for 8 weeks after inducing diabetes. RESULTS GW0742 decreased urinary albumin excretion without altering blood glucose levels. Macrophage infiltration, mesangial matrix accumulation, and type IV collagen deposition were substantially attenuated by GW0742. The gene expression of inflammatory mediators in the kidney cortex, such as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and osteopontin (OPN), was also suppressed. In vitro studies demonstrated that PPARδ activation increased the expression of anti-inflammatory corepressor B-cell lymphoma-6, which subsequently suppressed MCP-1 and OPN expression. CONCLUSIONS These findings uncover a previously unrecognized mechanism for the renoprotective effects of PPARδ agonists and support the concept that PPARδ agonists may offer a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Matsushita
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ogawa
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Diabetic Nephropathy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Corresponding author: Daisuke Ogawa,
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriko Yamamoto
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Shikata
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan
| | - Chikage Sato
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
- Department of Diabetic Nephropathy, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiromi Tachibana
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Noriko Toyota
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Makino
- Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
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Salvi N, Guellich A, Michelet P, Demoule A, Le Guen M, Renou L, Bonne G, Riou B, Langeron O, Coirault C. Upregulation of PPARbeta/delta is associated with structural and functional changes in the type I diabetes rat diaphragm. PLoS One 2010; 5:e11494. [PMID: 20628611 PMCID: PMC2900215 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0011494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 06/14/2010] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus is associated with alterations in peripheral striated muscles and cardiomyopathy. We examined diaphragmatic function and fiber composition and identified the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR alpha and beta/delta) as a factor involved in diaphragm muscle plasticity in response to type I diabetes. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Streptozotocin-treated rats were studied after 8 weeks and compared with their controls. Diaphragmatic strips were stimulated in vitro and mechanical and energetic variables were measured, cross bridge kinetics assessed, and the effects of fatigue and hypoxia evaluated. Morphometry, myosin heavy chain isoforms, PPAR alpha and beta/delta gene and protein expression were also assessed. Diabetes induced a decrease in maximum velocity of shortening (-14%, P<0.05) associated with a decrease in myosin ATPase activity (-49%, P<0.05), and an increase in force (+20%, P<0.05) associated with an increase in the number of cross bridges (+14%, P<0.05). These modifications were in agreement with a shift towards slow myosin heavy chain fibers and were associated with an upregulation of PPARbeta/delta (+314% increase in gene and +190% increase in protein expression, P<0.05). In addition, greater resistances to fatigue and hypoxia were observed in diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE Type I diabetes induced complex mechanical and energetic changes in the rat diaphragm and was associated with an up-regulation of PPARbeta/delta that could improve resistance to fatigue and hypoxia and favour the shift towards slow myosin heavy chain isoforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Salvi
- UMRS INSERM 956, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Aziz Guellich
- UMRS INSERM 974, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Pierre Michelet
- UMRS INSERM 956, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Alexandre Demoule
- UMRS INSERM 974, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of Pneumology, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Morgan Le Guen
- UMRS INSERM 956, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Laure Renou
- UMR CNRS 7215, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
| | - Gisèle Bonne
- UMRS INSERM 974, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- UMR CNRS 7215, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of Metabolic Biochemistry, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Bruno Riou
- UMRS INSERM 956, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of Emergency Medicine and Surgery, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Olivier Langeron
- UMRS INSERM 956, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Catherine Coirault
- UMRS INSERM 974, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- UMR CNRS 7215, Institut de Myologie, IFR14, Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, Paris, France
- Department of Physiology, Hôpital de Bicêtre, APHP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Decrease of Klotho in the kidney of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Biomed Biotechnol 2010; 2010:513853. [PMID: 20625492 PMCID: PMC2896693 DOI: 10.1155/2010/513853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 04/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The klotho gene is expressed in a limited number of tissues, most notably in distal convoluted tubules in the kidney and choroid plexus in the brain. A previous study suggested that Klotho increases resistance to oxidative stress. However, changes of Klotho expression in high glucose-induced oxidative stress remain unclear. In the present study, we used streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ rats) to examine the effects of insulin, phloridzin or antioxidant, tiron on diabetic nephropathy. Both insulin and phloridzin reversed the lower Klotho expression levels in kidneys of STZ rats by the correction of hyperglycemia. Also, renal functions were improved by these treatments. In addition to the improvement of renal functions, the decrease of Klotho expression in kidney of STZ rats was also reversed by tiron without changing blood glucose levels. The reduction of oxidative stress induced by high glucose can be considered for this action of tiron. This view was further confirmed in vitro using high glucose-exposed Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) epithelial cells. Thus, we suggest that decrease of oxidative stress is not only responsible for the improvement of renal function but also for the recovery of Klotho expression in kidney of STZ rats.
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