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Kwon MR, Park JS, Ko EJ, Park J, Ju EJ, Shin SH, Son GW, Lee HW, Park YY, Kang MH, Kim YJ, Kim BM, Lee HJ, Kim TW, Kim CJ, Song SY, Park SS, Jeong SY. Ibulocydine Inhibits Migration and Invasion of TNBC Cells via MMP-9 Regulation. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6123. [PMID: 38892310 PMCID: PMC11173234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) accounts for approximately 15-20% of all breast cancer types, indicating a poor survival prognosis with a more aggressive biology of metastasis to the lung and a short response duration to available therapies. Ibulocydine (IB) is a novel (cyclin-dependent kinase) CDK7/9 inhibitor prodrug displaying potent anti-cancer effects against various cancer cell types. We performed in vitro and in vivo experiments to determine whether IB inhibits metastasis and eventually overcomes the poor drug response in TNBC. The result showed that IB inhibited the growth of TNBC cells by inducing caspase-mediated apoptosis and blocking metastasis by reducing MMP-9 expression in vitro. Concurrently, in vivo experiments using the metastasis model showed that IB inhibited metastasis of MDA-MB-231-Luc cells to the lung. Collectively, these results demonstrate that IB inhibited the growth of TNBC cells and blocked metastasis by regulating MMP-9 expression, suggesting a novel therapeutic agent for metastatic TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ri Kwon
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Soo Park
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Ko
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Ju
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol-Hwa Shin
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga-Won Son
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye-Won Lee
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Yong Park
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Hee Kang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeon-Joo Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jin Lee
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Won Kim
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong-Jai Kim
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Si-Yeol Song
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Soon Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Yun Jeong
- Department of Medical Science, Asan Medical Institute of Convergence Science and Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Asan Preclinical Evaluation Center for Cancer Therapeutix, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Republic of Korea
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Chen Y, Gao P, Wu T, Pan W, Li N, Tang B. Organelle-localized radiosensitizers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:10621-10630. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03245j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This feature article highlights the recent advances of organelle-localized radiosensitizers and discusses the current challenges and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
| | - Peng Gao
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
| | - Tong Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes
- Ministry of Education
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong
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Perlíková P, Hocek M. Pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine (7-deazapurine) as a privileged scaffold in design of antitumor and antiviral nucleosides. Med Res Rev 2017; 37:1429-1460. [PMID: 28834581 PMCID: PMC5656927 DOI: 10.1002/med.21465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
7-Deazapurine (pyrrolo[2,3-d]pyrimidine) nucleosides are important analogues of biogenic purine nucleosides with diverse biological activities. Replacement of the N7 atom with a carbon atom makes the five-membered ring more electron rich and brings a possibility of attaching additional substituents at the C7 position. This often leads to derivatives with increased base-pairing in DNA or RNA or better binding to enzymes. Several types of 7-deazapurine nucleosides with potent cytostatic or cytotoxic effects have been identified. The most promising are 7-hetaryl-7-deazaadenosines, which are activated in cancer cells by phosphorylation and get incorporated both to RNA (causing inhibition of proteosynthesis) and to DNA (causing DNA damage). Mechanism of action of other types of cytostatic nucleosides, 6-hetaryl-7-deazapurine and thieno-fused deazapurine ribonucleosides, is not yet known. Many 7-deazaadenosine derivatives are potent inhibitors of adenosine kinases. Many types of sugar-modified derivatives of 7-deazapurine nucleosides are also strong antivirals. Most important are 2'-C-methylribo- or 2'-C-methyl-2'-fluororibonucleosides with anti-HCV activities (several compounds underwent clinical trials). Some underexplored areas of potential interest are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavla Perlíková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of SciencesCZ‐16610Prague 6Czech Republic
| | - Michal Hocek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and BiochemistryCzech Academy of SciencesCZ‐16610Prague 6Czech Republic
- Department of Organic ChemistryFaculty of ScienceCharles University in PragueCZ‐12843Prague 2Czech Republic
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Chen X, Zhuang X, Zhang Q, Luo Y, Yuan S, Qiao T. Analgecine enhances the anti-tumor response of radiotherapy by increasing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in non-small cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2017; 8:80730-80740. [PMID: 29113340 PMCID: PMC5655235 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether Analgecine treatment enhanced the antitumor response of radiotherapy in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. Lewis lung carcinoma (LLC) xenograft mice treated with Analgecine plus irradiation showed reduced tumor growth and increased survival. Tumor cell apoptosis was enhanced by Analgecine, based on TUNEL assays. It also increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12, and IFN-γ) and decreased anti-inflammatory cytokines (TGFβ and IL-10), suggesting an enhanced immune response. Analgecine plus irradiation reduced cell viability and colony formation by A549 NSCLC cells. Analgecine treatments also activated apoptotic signaling with increased levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, including cytochrome c, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-9, p53 and Bax, and decreased Bcl2. Analgecine enhanced G2/M phase arrest in A549 cells by decreasing cyclinB1 and CDK1. These observations demonstrate that Analgecine combined with radiotherapy enhances anti-tumor responses by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. Moreover, they suggest possible future clinical application of Analgecine for the treatment of NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Chen
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201500, People's Republic of China
| | - Xibing Zhuang
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201500, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201500, People's Republic of China
| | - Youjun Luo
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201500, People's Republic of China
| | - Sujuan Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201500, People's Republic of China
| | - Tiankui Qiao
- Department of Oncology, Jinshan Hospital, Medical Center of Fudan University, Jinshan District, Shanghai 201500, People's Republic of China
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Merchant N, Nagaraju GP, Rajitha B, Lammata S, Jella KK, Buchwald ZS, Lakka SS, Ali AN. Matrix metalloproteinases: their functional role in lung cancer. Carcinogenesis 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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He Z, Li G, Tang L, Li Y. SIX1 overexpression predicts poor prognosis and induces radioresistance through AKT signaling in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:1071-1079. [PMID: 28260921 PMCID: PMC5328293 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s125330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The Sineoculis homeobox homolog 1 (SIX1) protein has been found to be overexpressed in several human cancers. However, its expression pattern and biological roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain unexplored. This study examined the clinical significance of SIX1 in 119 ESCC tissues. It was found that SIX1 protein was upregulated in 36.9% (44/119) cases. SIX1 overexpression was an independent predictor for short survival of ESCC patients. siRNA knockdown and plasmid transfection were carried out in ESCC cell lines. SIX1 depletion inhibited cell growth, invasion, and colony formation, whereas its overexpression facilitated in vivo and in vitro cell growth, invasion, and colony formation. The apoptosis rate induced by X-ray irradiation was substantially increased by SIX1 knockdown in Eca-109 cells. Ectopic overexpression of SIX1 in TE-1 cells dramatically enhanced resistance to irradiation. Western blot analysis showed that SIX1 depletion downregulated cyclin E, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), Bcl-2 expression and upregulated Bim expression. SIX1 overexpression exhibited the opposite effect on these proteins. In addition, it was found that SIX1 could positively regulate extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and AKT signaling pathway. ERK inhibitor abolished the effect of SIX1 on MMP-2 expression. AKT inhibitor treatment blocked the role of SIX1 on anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that SIX1 overexpression predicts poor survival in ESCC patients and confers radioresistance through activation of AKT signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng He
- Department of Nuclear Medicine; Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Guang Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lingrong Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Park SS, Jwa E, Shin SH, Ju EJ, Park I, Pak JH, Hwang JJ, Cho DH, Kim BM, Kim SB, Lee JS, Song SY, Jeong SY, Choi EK. Ibulocydine sensitizes human hepatocellular carcinoma cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis via calpain-mediated Bax cleavage. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 83:47-55. [PMID: 27923747 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2016] [Revised: 11/22/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-induced ligand (TRAIL) induces apoptosis selectively in cancer cells without affecting the majority of normal human cells. However, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells often display resistance to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Ibulocydine (IB) is an isobutyrate ester pro-drug of a novel synthetic Cdk inhibitor that targets Cdk7 and Cdk9. In this study, we show that treatment with subtoxic doses of IB in combination with TRAIL displays potent cytotoxicity in TRAIL-resistant human HCC cells. Combination of IB and TRAIL was found to synergistically induce apoptosis through activation of caspases, which was blocked by a pan-caspase inhibitor (zVAD). Although the expression of Mcl-1 and survivin were reduced by IB plus TRAIL, overexpression of Mcl-1 and survivin did not block the cell death induced by co-treatment. Moreover, overexpression of Bcl-xL did not significantly interfere with the cell death induced by co-treatment of IB and TRAIL. Interestingly, the combination treatment induced cleavage of Bax, which was translocated to mitochondria upon induction of apoptosis. Furthermore, down-regulation of Bax by small interfering RNA effectively reduced the cell death and loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) caused by co-treatment with IB and TRAIL. Finally, pre-treatment of HCC cells with a calpain inhibitor effectively blocked IB plus TRAIL-induced cleavage of Bax and apoptosis. Collectively, our results demonstrate that IB increases the sensitivity of human HCC cells to TRAIL via mitochondria signaling pathway mediated by calpain-induced cleavage of Bax, suggesting that combined treatment with IB and TRAIL may offer an effective therapeutic strategy for human HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Soon Park
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjin Jwa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Soonchunhyang College of Medicine, Cheonan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seol Hwa Shin
- Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jin Ju
- Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Intae Park
- Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jhang Ho Pak
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Jin Hwang
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Advancing Cancer Therapeutics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyung Cho
- Graduate School of East-West Medical Science, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Republic of Korea
| | - B Moon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Department of Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Shin Lee
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Internal Medicine,Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Yeol Song
- Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Advancing Cancer Therapeutics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong-Yun Jeong
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Advancing Cancer Therapeutics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Eun Kyung Choi
- Institute for Innovative Cancer Research, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Center for Advancing Cancer Therapeutics, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Wang SD, Wang ZH, Yan HQ, Ren MY, Gao SQ, Zhang GQ. Chemotherapeutic effect of Zerumbone on melanoma cells through mitochondria-mediated pathways. Clin Exp Dermatol 2016; 41:858-863. [PMID: 27759171 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Zerumbone (ZER) is a phytochemical that appears to regulate cell proliferation and apoptosis. It has been reported to have an anti-tumour effect in various malignant cells; however, the effect and the mechanism of ZER on melanoma cells needs to be clarified. AIM To explore whether ZER has an effect on human melanoma cells and to identify the mechanisms involved. METHODS We determined the chemotherapeutic action of ZER on the human malignant melanoma (MM) A375 cell line by CCK-8 immunohistochemistry, Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry analysis. We also investigated the signalling pathways by which ZER induces apoptosis in A375 cells, using western blotting, reverse transcription PCR and caspase-3 activity analysis. RESULTS ZER induced significant cytotoxic action in A375 cells. Hoechst 33342 staining and flow cytometry apoptosis analysis further demonstrated that ZER induced apoptosis in A375 cells. Treatment with ZER downregulated Bcl-2 gene and protein levels, upregulated Bax and Cytochrome c gene and protein levels, and activated Caspase-3. CONCLUSIONS ZER might have a chemotherapeutic effect on human melanoma cells through mitochondria-mediated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- S D Wang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Fengfeng of Jizhong Energy Group, Handan, China
| | - Z H Wang
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Fengfeng of Jizhong Energy Group, Handan, China
| | - H Q Yan
- Department of Dermatology, General Hospital of Fengfeng of Jizhong Energy Group, Handan, China
| | - M Y Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - S Q Gao
- Department of Dermatology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - G Q Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
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Li H, Juan L, Xia L, Wang Y, Bao Y, Sun G. Thioridazine Sensitizes Esophageal Carcinoma Cell Lines to Radiotherapy-Induced Apoptosis In Vitro and In Vivo. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:2624-34. [PMID: 27453171 PMCID: PMC4970441 DOI: 10.12659/msm.899950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Radiotherapy is one of the primary treatments for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Identification of novel radio-sensitizing agents will improve the therapeutic outcome of radiotherapy. This study aimed to determine the radio-sensitizing effect of the antipsychotic agent thioridazine in ESCC and explored the underlying mechanisms. Material/Methods ECA-109 and TE-1 ESCC cells were treated with thioridazine and radiotherapy alone and in combination. Cell survival was measured by MTT assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were monitored by flow cytometry. Western blot analysis was used to analyze the expression of phospho-PI3K, phosphor-AKT, phospho-mTOR, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Bax, Bcl-2, Bal-xl, Bak, and p53. The xenograft mouse model was used to study the in vivo anticancer effect of thioridazine and irradiation. Results Combined treatment with thioridazine and irradiation significantly reduced viability of ESCC cells compared with thioridazine or irradiation treatment alone. Thioridazine and irradiation treatment induced G0/G1 phases cell cycle arrest through down-regulation of CDK4 and cyclinD1. In addition, thioridazine and irradiation treatment induced apoptosis through up-regulation of cleaved capase-3 and 9, as well as an increase in the expression of Bax and Bak and a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. Furthermore, thioridazine and irradiation treatment inhibited the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway and up-regulated the expression of p53. In xenograft mice, thioridazine and irradiation reduced ESCC tumor growth. Conclusions Thioridazine sensitizes ESCC cells to radiotherapy. Thioridazine may play a role in ESCC radiation therapy as a promising radiosensitizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Li Juan
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Leiming Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Yangyi Bao
- Department of Oncology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
| | - Guoping Sun
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China (mainland)
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Dentamaro M, Lux F, Vander Elst L, Dauguet N, Montante S, Moussaron A, Burtea C, Muller RN, Tillement O, Laurent S. Chemical andin vitrocharacterizations of a promising bimodal AGuIX probe able to target apoptotic cells for applications in MRI and optical imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2016; 11:381-395. [DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Fisi V, Kátai E, Bogner P, Miseta A, Nagy T. Timed, sequential administration of paclitaxel improves its cytotoxic effectiveness in a cell culture model. Cell Cycle 2016; 15:1227-33. [PMID: 27104236 PMCID: PMC4889271 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2016.1158361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Paclitaxel (taxol) is a chemotherapeutic agent frequently used in combination with other anti-neoplastic drugs. It is most effective during the M phase of the cell-cycle and tends to cause synchronization in malignant cells lines. In this study, we investigated whether timed, sequential treatment based on the cell-cycle characteristics could be exploited to enhance the cytotoxic effect of paclitaxel. We characterized the cell-cycle properties of a rapidly multiplying cell line (Sp2, mouse myeloma cells) by propidium-iodide DNA staining such as the lengths of various cell cycle phases and population duplication time. Based on this we designed a paclitaxel treatment protocol that comprised a primary and a secondary, timed treatment. We found that the first paclitaxel treatment synchronized the cells at the G2/M phase but releasing the block by stopping the treatment allowed a large number of cells to enter the next cell-cycle by a synchronized manner. The second treatment was most effective during the time when these cells approached the next G2/M phase and was least effective when it occurred after the peak time of this next G2/M phase. Moreover, we found that after mixing Sp2 cells with another, significantly slower multiplying cell type (Jurkat human T-cell leukemia) at an initial ratio of 1:1, the ratio of the two different cell types could be influenced by timed sequential paclitaxel treatment at will. Our results demonstrate that knowledge of the cell-cycle parameters of a specific malignant cell type could improve the effectivity of the chemotherapy. Implementing timed chemotherapeutic treatments could increase the cytotoxicity on the malignant cells but also decrease the side-effects since other, non-malignant cell types will have different cell-cycle characteristic and be out of synch during the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktória Fisi
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Emese Kátai
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Péter Bogner
- b Department of Radiology , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Attila Miseta
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
| | - Tamás Nagy
- a Department of Laboratory Medicine , University of Pécs , Pécs , Hungary
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Aghamohammadi A, Hosseinimehr SJ, Ghasemi A, Azadbakht M, Pourfallah TA. Radiosensitization Effects of a Zataria multiflora Extract on Human Glioblastoma Cells. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2015; 16:7285-90. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.16.7285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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