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The Effects of Electron Beam Irradiation on the Morphological and Physicochemical Properties of Magnesium-Doped Hydroxyapatite/Chitosan Composite Coatings. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030582. [PMID: 35160570 PMCID: PMC8839261 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This work reports on the influence of 5 MeV electron beam radiations on the morphological features and chemical structure of magnesium-doped hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite coatings generated by the magnetron sputtering technique. The exposure to ionizing radiation in a linear electron accelerator dedicated to medical use has been performed in a controllable manner by delivering up to 50 Gy radiation dose in fractions of 2 Gy radiation dose per 40 s. After the irradiation with electron beams, the surface of layers became nano-size structured. The partial detachment of irradiated layers from the substrates has been revealed only after visualizing their cross sections by scanning electron microscopy. The energy dispersive X-ray spectral analysis of layer cross-sections indicated that the distribution of chemical elements in the samples depends on the radiation dose. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis have shown that the physicochemical processes induced by the ionizing radiation in the magnesium doped hydroxyapatite/chitosan composite coatings do not alter the apatite structure, and Mg remains bonded with the phosphate groups.
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Saeed A, Murshed MN, Al-Shahari EA. Effect of low-dose fast neutrons on the protein components of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of whole-body irradiated Wistar rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:40443-40455. [PMID: 32666461 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10085-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The immune system is exposed to extremely low doses of neutrons under different circumstances, such as through exposure to cosmic rays, nuclear accidents, and neutron therapy. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) are the primary immune cells that exhibit selective immune responses. Changes in the functions of the protein components of PBMC can be induced by structural modifications of these proteins themselves. Herein, we have investigated the effect of low-dose fast neutrons on PBMC proteins at 0, 2, 4, and 8 days post-whole body irradiation. 64 Wistar rats were used in this study of which, 32 were exposed to fast neutrons at a total dose of 10 mGy (241Am-Be, 0.2 mGy/h), and the other 32 were used as controls. Blood samples were drawn, and PBMCs were isolated from whole blood. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy were used to estimate the changes in the proteins of PBMCs. An alkaline comet assay was performed to assess DNA damage. Hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal components analysis (PCA) were utilized to discriminate between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. FTIR and fluorescence spectra of the tested samples revealed alterations in the amides and tryptophan, and therefore protein structure at time intervals of 2 and 4 days post-irradiation. No changes were recorded in samples tested at time intervals of 0 and 8 days post-irradiation. The FTIR band intensities of the PBMC proteins of the irradiated samples decreased slightly and were statistically significant. Curve fitting of the amide I band in the FTIR spectra showed changes in the secondary structure of the proteins. At 2 days post-irradiation, fluorescence spectra of the tested samples revealed decreases in the band tryptophan. The comet assay revealed low levels of DNA damage. In conclusion, low-dose fast neutrons can affect the proteins of PBMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdu Saeed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Physics, Thamar University, Thamar, Yemen.
| | - Mohammad N Murshed
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Mohayel Aser, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Eman Abdulqader Al-Shahari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts, Mohayel Aser, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
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Mansour SZ, Moawed FSM, Badawy MMM, Mohamed HE. Boswellic Acid Synergizes With Low-Level Ionizing Radiation to Modulate Bisphenol Induced-Lung Toxicity in Rats by Inhibiting JNK/ERK/c-Fos Pathway. Dose Response 2020; 18:1559325820969597. [PMID: 33192203 PMCID: PMC7607778 DOI: 10.1177/1559325820969597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a low molecular weight chemical compound that has a deleterious effect on the endocrine system. It was used in plastics manufacturing with injurious effects on different body systems. Occupational exposure to low-level ionizing radiation (<1 Gy) is shown to attenuate an established inflammatory process and therefore enhance cell protection. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of boswellic acid (BA) accompanied by whole-body low-dose gamma radiation (γ-R) against BPA-induced lung toxicity in male albino rats. BPA intoxication induced with 500 mg/kg BW. Rats received 50 mg BA/kg BW by gastric gavage concomitant with 0.5 Gy γ-R over 4 weeks. The immunoblotting and biochemical results revealed that BA and/or γ-R inhibited BPA-induced lung toxicity by reducing oxidative damage biomolecules; (MDA and NADPH oxidase gene expression), inflammatory indices (MPO, TNF-α, IL-6, and gene expression of CXCR-4). Moreover, BA and or/γ-R ameliorated the lung inflammation via regulation of the JNK/ERK/c-Fos and Nrf2/ HO-1 signaling pathways. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that BA in synergistic interaction with γ-R is efficacious control against BPA-induced lung injury via anti-oxidant mediated anti-inflammatory activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somya Z Mansour
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Department of Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt
| | - Monda M M Badawy
- Department of Health Radiation Research, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt
| | - Hebatallah E Mohamed
- Department of Radiation Biology, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Egypt
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da Silva AF, Antebi U, Honda EK, Rudelli M, Guimarães RP. Comparative Study of the Osteointegration of Irradiated and Non-irradiated Bone Grafts Used in Patients with Revision Hip Arthroplasty. Rev Bras Ortop 2019; 54:477-482. [PMID: 31435118 PMCID: PMC6702030 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
To evaluate and compare the osteointegration of irradiated and non-irradiated frozen bone grafts used in 21 patients undergoing revision hip arthroplasty procedures with the Exeter technique.
Methods
A retrospective study of 21 patients undergoing revision hip arthroplasty with the Exeter technique using bone tissues treated or not with gamma radiation between 2013 and 2014. The patients were divided into two groups according to the use of grafts treated or not with ionizing radiation (gamma rays); as such, these groups were classified as irradiated or non-irradiated. The osteointegration results determined by radiographic analysis of these grafts were compared in the postoperative period of 6 and 12 months.
Results
Comparing the graft osteointegration in all patients at 6 and 12 months postoperatively, we noticed a significant difference in the radiographic evaluations in this period (
p
= 0.031). Out of the patients studied, 7 were from the irradiated group, and 14 belonged to the non-irradiated group. No statistically significant differences were observed (
p
= 0.804) regarding osteointegration when we compared the irradiated and non-irradiated groups.
Conclusion
There was no significant difference in the use of irradiated or non-irradiated grafts in revision hip arthroplasty procedures with the Exeter technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Ferreira da Silva
- Banco de Tecidos Musculoesquelético, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Uri Antebi
- Banco de Tecidos Musculoesquelético, Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Emerson Kiyoshi Honda
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Marco Rudelli
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
| | - Rodrigo Pereira Guimarães
- Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Santa Casa de São Paulo, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas da Santa Casa de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil
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Abdel Fattah SM, Saif-Elnasr M, Soliman AF. Platelet-rich plasma as a potential therapeutic approach against lead nitrate- and/or gamma radiation-induced hepatotoxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:34460-34471. [PMID: 30311112 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-3366-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of the potential regenerative and cytoprotective effects of its content of numerous bioactive growth factors and cytokines, platelet-rich plasma (PRP) became an attractive biomaterial for therapeutic purposes. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the potential therapeutic effect of PRP against lead nitrate- and/or γ-radiation-induced hepatotoxicity. To do so, hepatotoxicity was induced in rats by intraperitoneal administration of lead nitrate (7.5 mg/kg) thrice weekly for two consecutive weeks and/or a whole-body γ-irradiation at a single dose of 6 Gy. Activated PRP (0.5 ml/kg) was injected subcutaneously 24 h after the last dose of lead nitrate and/or γ-irradiation and continued twice weekly for three successive weeks. Lead nitrate intoxication and/or γ-irradiation resulted in a significant elevation of serum alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities accompanied with a significant decrease in serum levels of total protein and albumin. Further, a significant increase in malondialdehyde level and nitric oxide content accompanied with a significant decrease in the reduced glutathione content and the enzyme activities of glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase were observed. Additionally, hepatic extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt signaling pathways were stimulated. PRP treatment notably ameliorated the induced cell injury, reduced the intracellular oxidative and interestingly increased the upregulation of phosphorylated ERK1/2 and Akt. Moreover, PRP treatment relieved lead nitrate and/or γ-radiation-induced hepatic histological damages. In conclusion, this study sheds the light on a probable therapeutic role of PRP against lead nitrate- and/or γ-radiation-induced hepatotoxicity which might attribute to its ability to activate ERK and Akt signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma M Abdel Fattah
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mostafa Saif-Elnasr
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Soliman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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Zahran WE, Elsonbaty SM, Moawed FSM. Selenium nanoparticles with low-level ionizing radiation exposure ameliorate nicotine-induced inflammatory impairment in rat kidney. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:19980-19989. [PMID: 28691127 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9558-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Occupational exposure to low-level ionizing radiation (<1 Gy) was shown to enhance cell protection via attenuating an established inflammatory process. Nicotine, a major toxic component of cigarette smoke, is responsible for smoking-mediated renal dysfunction. The present study was therefore aimed to investigate the protective impact of ginger Zingiber officinale selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) with whole-body low-dose gamma radiation (γ-R) against nicotine-induced nephrotoxicity in male albino rats. Nicotine intoxication was induced with 0.5 mg/kg BW. Rats received 0.1 mg SeNPs/kg BW by gastric gavage concomitant with 0.5 Gy γ-R over 4 weeks. Characterization studies showed the formation of spherical SeNPs with a size ranged from 10 to 30 nm in diameter with a thin film encapsulating the nanoballs. Our data revealed that nicotine induced renal dysfunction manifested by significant abnormal levels of kidney function markers (creatinine, urea, sodium and potassium) accompanied by increased levels of malondialdehyde along with a reduction in glutathione level, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase activities. It is worthy to note that nicotine toxicity induced significant increments in serum inflammatory markers: tumor necrosis factor-α and vascular cell adhesion protein 1. Western blotting showed marked significant elevation in caspase-3 activities against nicotine. The mRNA gene expression of inducible cyclooxygenase-2 gene was highly increased with nicotine intoxication while that of cyclooxygenase-1 did not show any changes. Interestingly, our data demonstrated that SeNPs in synergistic interaction with γ-R are efficacious control against nicotine-induced nephrotoxicity via anti-oxidant-mediated anti-inflammatory activities. Thus, it is tempting to recommend dietary approaches with ginger SeNPs for smokers at workplaces exposed occupationally and regularly to low-level ionizing radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Walid E Zahran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Sawsan M Elsonbaty
- Radiation Microbiology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma S M Moawed
- Health Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
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Eltahawy NA, Elsonbaty SM, Abunour S, Zahran WE. Synergistic effect of aluminum and ionizing radiation upon ultrastructure, oxidative stress and apoptotic alterations in Paneth cells of rat intestine. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:6657-6666. [PMID: 28083743 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Environmental and occupational exposure to aluminum along with ionizing radiation results in serious health problems. This study was planned to investigate the impact of oxidative stress provoked by exposure to ionizing radiation with aluminum administration upon cellular ultra structure and apoptotic changes in Paneth cells of rat small intestine . Animals received daily aluminum chloride by gastric gavage at a dose 0.5 mg/Kg BW for 4 weeks. Whole body gamma irradiation was applied at a dose 2 Gy/week up to 8 Gy. Ileum malondialdehyde, advanced oxidative protein products, protein carbonyl and tumor necrosis factor-alpha were assessed as biomarkers of lipid peroxidation, protein oxidation and inflammation respectively along with superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities as enzymatic antioxidants. Moreover, analyses of cell cycle division and apoptotic changes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Intestinal cellular ultra structure was investigated using transmission electron microscope.Oxidative and inflammatory stresses assessment in the ileum of rats revealed that aluminum and ionizing radiation exposures exhibited a significant effect upon the increase in oxidative stress biomarkers along with the inflammatory marker tumor necrosis factor-α accompanied by a significant decreases in the antioxidant enzyme activities. Flow cytometric analyses showed significant alterations in the percentage of cells during cell cycle division phases along with significant increase in apoptotic cells. Ultra structurally, intestinal cellular alterations with marked injury in Paneth cells at the sites of bacterial translocation in the crypt of lumens were recorded. The results of this study have clearly showed that aluminum and ionizing radiation exposures induced apoptosis with oxidative and inflammatory disturbance in the Paneth cells of rat intestine, which appeared to play a major role in the pathogenesis of cellular damage. Furthermore, the interaction of these two intestinal toxic routes was found to be synergistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- N A Eltahawy
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S M Elsonbaty
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - S Abunour
- National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, Egypt
| | - W E Zahran
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
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