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de Sequera P, Bover R, Ivanova-Markova Y, Ivanova A, González-Domínguez A, Valls M, Campos V. Economic impact of the use of patiromer in chronic kidney disease or heart failure for the treatment of chronic hyperkalemia in Spain. Nefrologia 2023; 43:721-730. [PMID: 38228463 DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2024.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic hyperkalemia has negative consequences in the medium and long term, and determines the suspension of nephro and cardioprotective drugs, such as renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi). There is an alternative to the suspension or dose reduction of these treatments: the administration of potassium chelators. The aim of this study is to estimate the economic impact of the use of patiromer in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) or heart failure (HF) and hyperkalemia in Spain. MATERIALS AND METHOD The annual economic impact of the use of patiromer has been estimated from the perspective of the Spanish society. Two scenarios were compared: patients with CKD or HF and hyperkalemia treated with and without patiromer. The costs have been updated to 2020 euros, using the Health Consumer Price Index. Direct healthcare costs related to the use of resources (treatment with RAASi, CKD progression, cardiovascular events and hospitalization due to hyperkalemia), direct non-healthcare costs (informal care: costs derived from time dedicated by patient's relatives), the indirect costs (productivity loss), as well as an intangible cost (due to premature mortality) were considered. A deterministic sensitivity analysis was performed to validate the robustness of the study results. RESULTS The mean annual cost per patient in the scenario without patiromer is €9,834.09 and €10,739.37 in CKD and HF, respectively. The use of patiromer would lead to cost savings of over 30% in both diseases. The greatest savings in CKD come from the delay in the progression of CKD. While in the case of HF, 80.1% of these savings come from premature mortality reduction. The sensitivity analyses carried out show the robustness of the results, obtaining savings in all cases. CONCLUSIONS The incorporation of patiromer allows better control of hyperkalemia and, as a consequence, maintain treatment with RAASi in patients with CKD or HF. This would generate a 32% of annual savings in Spain (€3,127 in CKD; €3,466 in HF). The results support the positive contribution of patiromer to health cost in patients with only CKD or in patients with only HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia de Sequera
- Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramón Bover
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
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Impacto económico del uso de patiromer en enfermedad renal crónica o insuficiencia cardíaca para el tratamiento de la hiperpotasemia crónica en España. Nefrologia 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nefro.2022.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Sicras-Mainar A, Sicras-Navarro A, Palacios B, Varela L, Delgado JF. Epidemiología y tratamiento de la insuficiencia cardiaca en España: estudio PATHWAYS-HF. Rev Esp Cardiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Epidemiology and treatment of heart failure in Spain: the HF-PATHWAYS study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 75:31-38. [PMID: 33380382 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2020.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiology and treatment of a large contemporary cohort of patients with heart failure (HF). METHODS Observational, retrospective, population-based study using the BIG-PAC database, which includes people aged ≥ 18 years seeking care for HF between 2017 and 2019. The main variables were the prevalence/annual incidence rate, comorbidities, clinical variables, and medication administered. RESULTS We identified 19 762 patients with HF from a total of 1 189 003 persons seeking medical attention from 2017 to 2019 (2019: mean age, 78.3 years; 53.0% men). Distribution by type of left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) was as follows: 51.7% reduced, 40.2% preserved, and 8.1% mid-range. In 2019, the prevalence was 1.89% (95%CI, 1.70-2.08), with an incidence rate of 2.78 new cases per 1000 persons/y. No statistically significant differences were observed in prevalence and/or incidence from 2017 to 2019. Among patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), 64% received beta-blockers, 80.5% angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blockers or sacubitril-valsartan, and 29.8% an aldosterone antagonist. In addition, from the diagnosis (baseline) to 24 months of follow-up, there was discreet treatment optimization, which was notable in the first 3 to 6 months. CONCLUSIONS Epidemiological data on HF remained stable during the study period, with a lower prevalence than that reported in non-population-based studies. There is wide room for improvement in the optimization of medical treatment of HFrEF.
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Camps-Vilaró A, Delgado-Jiménez JF, Farré N, Tizón-Marcos H, Álvarez-García J, Cinca J, Dégano IR, Marrugat J. Estimated Population Prevalence of Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in Spain, According to DAPA-HF Study Criteria. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9072089. [PMID: 32635219 PMCID: PMC7408645 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9072089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is one of the main causes of morbidity, mortality, and high healthcare costs. Dapagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, reduced cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization for HF compared to placebo in patients with chronic HF, and reduced ejection fraction (EF) in the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure (DAPA-HF) study. Our aim was to estimate the number of patients with DAPA-HF characteristics in Spain. Our literature review identified epidemiological studies whose objective was to quantify the prevalence of HF and its comorbidities in Spain. We estimated the prevalence of HF with reduced EF, of New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class II–IV, and with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m². In this population, we analysed the prevalence of diabetes using data from the REDINSCOR (Spanish Network for Heart Failure) registry. Our estimations indicate there are 594,684 patients ≥45 years old with HF in Spain (2.6% of this population age group), of which 52.4%, 84.0%, and 93.9% have reduced EF, are NYHA II–IV, and have a GFR ≥ 30 mL/min/1.73 m², respectively. By our calculations, approximately 245,789 Spanish patients would meet the DAPA-HF patient profile, and therefore could benefit from the protective cardiovascular effects of dapagliflozin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Camps-Vilaró
- REGICOR Study Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.D.-J.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.C.)
| | - Juan F. Delgado-Jiménez
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.D.-J.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.C.)
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Núria Farré
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (H.T.-M.)
- Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group (GREC), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Tizón-Marcos
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital del Mar, 08003 Barcelona, Spain; (N.F.); (H.T.-M.)
- Heart Diseases Biomedical Research Group (GREC), IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jesús Álvarez-García
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.D.-J.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan Cinca
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.D.-J.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona (UAB), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08041 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Irene R. Dégano
- REGICOR Study Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.D.-J.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.C.)
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), 08500 Vic, Spain
- Correspondence: (I.R.D.); (J.M.); Tel.: +349-3316-0714 (I.R.D.); +349-3316-0733 (J.M.)
| | - Jaume Marrugat
- REGICOR Study Group, IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute), 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
- CIBER of Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (J.F.D.-J.); (J.Á.-G.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: (I.R.D.); (J.M.); Tel.: +349-3316-0714 (I.R.D.); +349-3316-0733 (J.M.)
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Villalba NL, Ballesteros BC, Álvarez LDP, Mainar PD, Sánchez ÁN, Martínez JM, Manuel EC, Bailon MM. [Predictive factors of early readmission and mortality in patients with heart failure hospitalized in the Department of Internal Medicine of the San Carlos University Hospital, Spain]. Pan Afr Med J 2019; 34:202. [PMID: 32180876 PMCID: PMC7060947 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.202.17356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Heart failure (HF) is a health problem in Spain where the prevalence rate for this disease is correlated with aging. Heart failure-related mortality and hospital readmissions are high. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of patients with HF hospitalized in the Department of Internal Medicine as well as factors associated with readmission and intra-hospital mortality. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive, and retrospective study based on the review of the clinical records of patients with primary diagnosis of HF in the Basic Minimum Set of Data (BMSD, Conjunto Mínimo Básico de Datos),who were discharged from the Department of Internal Medicine of the San Carlos Clinical Hospital (HCSC) in 2014. RESULTS The study involved 199 patients, with an average age of 82.7 years (61.8% were females); 85% of them had left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) > 40%, with an average pro-BNP of 9.101,3 pg/ml and 64.3% had ongoing atrial fibrillation. Thirty point two percent of patients were readmitted within 30 days, with an average rate of readmission/year of 1.45 (±0.86). Twenty five percent of patients died during the follow-up period in hospital. Among factors associated with intra-hospital mortality, older age was an associated variable (OR 1,050)(1,002-1,101) (p = 0.04). The most important factors associated with early readmission were polypharmacy (p = 0.024) as well as pluripathology based on Ollero criteria 4,974 (1,396-17,730) (p = 0.024). Patients hospitalized for HF in our Department are elderly patients treated with polymedication. CONCLUSION Patients hospitalized for cardiac insufficiency are older and are characterized by pluripathology and polypharmacy. Short-term prognosis is associated with high rates of readmission and mortality in hospitalmainly for patients suffering from kidney disease and/or neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel Lorenzo Villalba
- Service de Médecine Interne, Diabète et Maladies Métaboliques, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | - Ángel Nieto Sánchez
- Service de Médecine Interne, Hôpital Universitaire San Carlos, Madrid, Espagne
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Jacob J, Llauger L, Herrero-Puente P, Martín-Sánchez FJ, Llorens P, Roset A, Gil V, Fuentes M, Lucas-Imbernón FJ, Miró Ò. Acute heart failure and adverse events associated with the presence of renal dysfunction and hyperkalaemia. EAHFE- renal dysfunction and hyperkalaemia. Eur J Intern Med 2019; 67:89-96. [PMID: 31331793 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejim.2019.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the outcomes of patients with acute heart failure (AHF) presenting renal dysfunction (RD) or hyperkalaemia (Hk) alone or in combination. METHOD We analysed the data of the EAHFE registry, a multicentre, non interventionist cohort with prospective follow-up of patients with AHF. Four groups were defined based on the presence or not of RD or Hk alone or in combination. The primary endpoint was 30-day all-cause mortality. RESULTS A total of 11,935 of the 13,791 patients included in the EAHFE registry were analysed. Of these, 5088 (42.6%) did not have RD or Hk (NoRD-NoHk), 150 (1.3%) had no RD but had Hk (NoRD-Hk), 6012 (50.4%) had RD but not Hk (RD-NoHk) and 685 (5.7%) had both RD and Hk (RD-Hk). Thirty-day all-cause mortality was greatest in the RD-Hk group with an adjusted Hazard Ratio (HR) of 2.44 (confidence interval 95% [CI95%] 1.67-3.55; p < 0.001) and in the RD-NoHk group with an adjusted HR of 1.34 (CI95% 1.04-1.71; p = 0.022). There were no significant differences in in-hospital mortality and reconsultation at 30 days for HF. For the combined endpoint of 30-day all-cause mortality the adjusted HR was 1.33 (CI95% 1.04-1.70); (p = 0.021) for the RD-Hk group. CONCLUSIONS The association of 30-day all-cause mortality with the presence of RD and Hk in patients presenting AHF at admission is greater than in those without this combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Jacob
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lluis Llauger
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari de Vic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Francisco Javier Martín-Sánchez
- Emergency Department, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Complutense, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pere Llorens
- Emergency Department, Short-Stay Unit and Home Hospitalization, Hospital General de Alicante, Spain
| | - Alex Roset
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Victor Gil
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Fuentes
- Emergency Department, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | | | - Òscar Miró
- Emergency Department, Hospital Clínic, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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Jacob J, Llauger L, Gil V, Javaloyes P. Hiperpotasemia, también en la insuficiencia cardiaca aguda. Rev Clin Esp 2019; 219:103-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rce.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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