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Plut D, Bauer M, Mikić A, Winant AJ, Park H, Lee EY. Pediatric Congenital Lung Malformations: Contemporary Perspectives on Imaging Characteristics. Semin Roentgenol 2024; 59:249-266. [PMID: 38997180 DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2024.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Domen Plut
- Clinical Radiology Institute, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Matthew Bauer
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Aleksandra Mikić
- Clinical Radiology Institute, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Abbey J Winant
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Halley Park
- Department of Radiology, Nicklaus Children's Hospital, Miami, FL
| | - Edward Y Lee
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Bet BB, Snoep MC, van Leeuwen E, Linskens IH, Haak MC, Rozendaal L, Knobbe I, van Schuppen J, Hoekstra CEL, Koolbergen DR, Clur SA, Pajkrt E. Short-term outcome after the prenatal diagnosis of right aortic arch. Prenat Diagn 2023; 43:629-638. [PMID: 36738444 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the proportion of children that require surgery in the first year of life and thereafter in order to improve the counseling of parents with a fetus with a right aortic arch (RAA). METHODS Fetuses diagnosed with isolated RAA, defined as the absence of intra- or extracardiac anomalies, between 2007 and 2021 were extracted from the prospective registry PRECOR. RESULTS In total, 110 fetuses were included, 92 with a prenatal diagnosis of RAA and 18 with double aortic arch (DAA). The prevalence of 22q11 deletion syndrome was 5.5%. Six pregnancies were terminated and five cases were false-positive; therefore, the follow-up consisted of 99 neonates. Surgery was performed in 10 infants (10%) in the first year of life. In total, 25 (25%) children had surgery at a mean age of 17 months. Eight of these 25 (32%) had a DAA. Only one child, with a DAA, required surgery in the first week of life due to obstructive stridor. CONCLUSIONS Children with a prenatally diagnosed RAA are at a low risk of acute respiratory postnatal problems. Delivery in a hospital with neonatal intensive care and pediatric cardiothoracic facilities seems only indicated in cases with suspected DAA. Expectant parents should be informed that presently 25% of the children need elective surgery and only incidentally due to acute respiratory distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo B Bet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maartje C Snoep
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Elisabeth van Leeuwen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ingeborg H Linskens
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique C Haak
- Department of Obstetrics and Fetal Medicine, LUMC, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Lieke Rozendaal
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, LUMC, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ingmar Knobbe
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC Location Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost van Schuppen
- Department of Radiology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Carlijn E L Hoekstra
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - David R Koolbergen
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sally-Ann Clur
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eva Pajkrt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Orozco VM, Ricardo U, Carlos H, Paula M, Katherine F. Thoracic Vascular Variants and Anomalies: Imaging Findings, Review of the Embryology, and Clinical Features. Indian J Radiol Imaging 2022; 32:568-575. [PMCID: PMC9705143 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1757742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Thoracic vascular malformations are a set of complex congenital abnormalities that result in major alterations of the patient's anatomy. It can be discovered incidentally or the anomalies may generate heart failure with a right-to-left shunt, dysphagia, dyspnea, stridor, cough, recurrent bronchopulmonary infections, hypoxemia, paradoxical emboli, and occasionally apneas and massive hemothorax. The knowledge of the embryology, and the normal development of the vascular structures of the thorax, allows to understand these abnormalities—and thus helps in making an accurate diagnosis—with its possible complications, symptoms, and treatments for the patient. The following is a review of the most common thoracic vascular malformations and their imaging findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Munera Orozco
- Radiology Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana, Colombia,Address for correspondence Valentina Múnera Orozco Radiology Universidad Pontificia BolivarianaCalle 31 # 42 a 61Colombia
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Aydin MM, Yalçinkaya M. Frequency of Congenital Aortic Arch Anomaly in COVID-19 Patients. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2022; 68:413-416. [PMID: 35442373 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20211180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of aortic arch anomaly in COVID-19 patients and to determine whether it will be included in the risk classification. METHODS The study was retrospectively conducted in a third-level hospital by scanning the contrast-enhanced thoracic computed tomography and thoracic computed tomography angiography examinations of patients who received PCR (+), hospitalization, and known COVID pneumonia between March 2020 and July 2021. The study consists of 88 cases and 88 control groups. RESULTS The study found that the frequency of aortic arch anomaly was higher in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia and in male patients with bovine-type anomaly. CONCLUSIONS The higher prevalence of bovine arch anomaly in COVID patients may be considered a risk factor for COVID-19 in individuals with this type of vascular anomaly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Maruf Aydin
- University of Health Sciences, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology - Samsun, Turkey
| | - Mirsad Yalçinkaya
- University of Health Sciences, Samsun Training and Research Hospital, Department of Radiology - Samsun, Turkey
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Raptis DA, Short R, Robb C, Marlow J, Naeem M, McWilliams S, White AJ, Chakinala M, Picus D, Bhalla S. CT Appearance of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations and Mimics. Radiographics 2022; 42:56-68. [PMID: 34990315 DOI: 10.1148/rg.210076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) is a fistulous connection between a pulmonary artery and a pulmonary vein that bypasses the normal pulmonary capillary bed resulting in a right-to-left shunt. Because of the potential for paradoxical emboli, PAVMs are treated when their feeding arteries exceed 3 mm or patients are symptomatic. PAVMs are often encountered in patients with suspected hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT). Sporadic cases are uncommon. The radiologist may be called on to diagnose a PAVM after positive transthoracic contrast-enhanced echocardiography in a patient with suspected HHT to direct patient management and avoid potential complications. The radiologist may also be required to evaluate a potential PAVM detected at CT performed for other reasons. Through the authors' experiences at an HHT Center of Excellence in an area endemic with histoplasmosis, the authors have gained a unique perspective on the diagnosis of PAVMs and differentiation of PAVMs from their mimics. Understanding the CT appearance of PAVMs limits misdiagnosis, directs appropriate treatment, and allows subsequent family screening for HHT (and avoidance of unnecessary screening when a PAVM mimic is encountered). Both vascular and nonvascular pulmonary lesions can mimic PAVMs. Vascular mimics include fibrosing mediastinitis, venovenous collaterals, arterial collaterals, pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysms, hepatopulmonary vessels, Sheehan vessels, meandering pulmonary veins, and pulmonary vein varices. Nonvascular mimics include granulomas, nodules, mucoceles, bronchoceles, ground-glass opacities, and atelectasis. The authors review the CT technique for evaluating PAVMs and the appearance of PAVMs and their mimics. ©RSNA, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Demetrios A Raptis
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Ryan Short
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Caroline Robb
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Joshua Marlow
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Muhammad Naeem
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Sebastian McWilliams
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Andrew J White
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Murali Chakinala
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Daniel Picus
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
| | - Sanjeev Bhalla
- From the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology (D.A.R., D.P., S.B.) and Department of Cardiothoracic Imaging (R.S., C.R., J.M., M.N., A.J.W., M.C.), Washington University School of Medicine, 510 S Kingshighway Blvd, St Louis, MO 63108; and Department of Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland (S.M.)
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Gad SA, Shaban EA, Dawoud MM, Youssef MA. Diagnostic performance of 320 cardiac MDCT angiography in assessment of PDA either isolated or associated with duct dependent congenital heart disease. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-021-00639-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is one of most common congenital heart defects, it's a unique vascular structure that provides direct communication between pulmonary and systemic circulation. MDCT angiography is a good imaging modality for evaluation of the PDAs and detection of their exact morphological type; course and diameters, which is important before percutaneous closure or stenting procedure of the PDA, also for selection of closure hardware. The aim of this study was to assess the role of MDCT angiography in qualitative and quantitative evaluation of PDA and associated cardiac and\or extracardiac anomalies.
Results
Echocardiography detected PDA in 28\30 cases while cardiac MDCT detected PDA in all studied 30 cases confirmed by cardiac catheterization and/or operation. MDCT angiography had sensitivity 100% and specificity 100% for PDA detection. PDA originated from aortic isthmus in 15 cases, inferior surface of aortic arch in 11 cases and innominate artery in 4 cases. The most common morphological type of PDA was type A (cone\46.67%) followed by type C (tubular\23.3%), type D (complex\10%), type E (elongated\13.33%) and type B (window\6.67%). The spearman correlation coefficient test demonstrated poor correlation between size of aortic end and MPA (P = 0.75), and between size of pulmonary end and diameter of MPA (P = 0.99) and also demonstrated fair correlation between length of PDA and MPA (P = 0.018). PDA was isolated in 4\30 cases and associated with cardiac and\or extra cardiac anomalies in 26\30 cases included; ASD (n = 18), VSD (n = 16), pulmonary atresia (n = 7), transposition of great arteries (n = 5), teratology of Fallot (n = 4), aortic coarctation (n = 4), persistent truncus arteriosus (n = 3), tricuspid atresia (n = 3), anomalous of pulmonary venous return (n = 3), hypoplastic segment of aorta (n = 2), Ebstein's anomaly (n = 1), bicuspid aortic arch (n = 1) and left hypoplastic heart syndrome (n = 1).
Conclusion
Cardiac MDCT angiography was superior to Echocardiography in detection, quantitative and qualitative evaluation of PDA either isolated or associated with congenital cardiac and\or extracardiac anomalies and was superior to Echocardiography in detection of associated extracardiac anomalies rather than associated intra cardiac anomalies.
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Kamel DW, Abdelhameed AM, Mohammad SA, Abbas SN. CT of cardiac and extracardiac vascular anomalies: embryological implications. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43055-021-00616-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common neonatal anomaly. Extracardiac findings are commonly associated with CHD. It is mandatory to evaluate extracardiac structures for potential associated abnormalities that might impact the surgical planning for these patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the extracardiac abnormalities that could associate cardiac anomalies and to give insights into their embryological aberrations.
Results
Thirty-two pediatric patients (22 males and 10 females) underwent CT angiography to assess CHD. Diagnosis of the CHD and associated extracardiac findings were recorded and tabulated by organ system and type of CHD. Retrospective ECG-gated low-peak kilovoltage (80Kvp) technique was used on 128MDCT GE machine. Patients were diagnosed according to their CHD into four groups: chamber anomalies 90%, septal anomalies 81.3%, conotruncal anomalies 59.4%, and valvular anomalies 59.4%. Extracardiac findings were found in 28 patients (87.5%) with a total of 76 findings. Vascular findings were the most prevalent as 50 vascular findings were observed in 28 patients. Aortic anomalies were the commonest vascular anomalies. Fourteen thoracic findings were observed in 12 patients; of them lung consolidation patches were the most common and 12 abdominal findings were found in seven patients, most of findings were related to situs abnormalities.
Conclusion
Extracardiac abnormalities especially vascular anomalies are commonly associating CHD. Along with genetic basis, aberrations in dynamics of blood flow could represent possible causes of this association.
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Fraile Olivero CA, Pardina Solano MA, Milla Collado L. Intraoperatory diagnosis of partial anomalous pulmonary venous return during pulmonary resection surgery in a non-small cell lung cancer patient. Arch Bronconeumol 2021; 57:703. [PMID: 35699012 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbr.2021.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucia Milla Collado
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, Lérida, Spain
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9
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Fraile Olivero CA, Pardina Solano MA, Milla Collado L. Intraoperatory Diagnosis of Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return During Pulmonary Resection Surgery in a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patient. Arch Bronconeumol 2020; 57:S0300-2896(20)30177-0. [PMID: 32595011 DOI: 10.1016/j.arbres.2020.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Lucia Milla Collado
- Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, Lérida, España
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Cherian SV, Kumar A, Ocazionez D, Estrada -Y- Martin RM, Restrepo CS. Developmental lung anomalies in adults: A pictorial review. Respir Med 2019; 155:86-96. [PMID: 31326738 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Minhas T, Pillai JB, Lau T. Mal-Positioning of Dialysis Catheter in Anomalous Left Superior Pulmonary Vein in a Patient with Acute Type A Dissection, a Case Report. Braz J Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 34:222-225. [PMID: 30916133 PMCID: PMC6436777 DOI: 10.21470/1678-9741-2018-0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The partial anomalous pulmonary vein drainage is a rare congenital defect. The
pulmonary vein drains in to a systemic vein instead of draining in to the left
atrium. In this rare birth defect, the right sided pulmonary vein involvement is more
prevalent than the left sided pulmonary veins. We present a case where the anomalous left superior pulmonary vein was diagnosed
when a renal dialysis catheter (size = 12F x 16cm) was mal-positioned in to the
Anomalous left superior pulmonary vein, demonstrating confusing blood results.
We describe how a systematic multidisciplinary approach and use of advanced
imaging techniques can recognise and deal with this rare clinical dilemma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Minhas
- Cardiothoracic surgery, University Hospital Coventry Ringgold Standard Institution - Coventry, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Jane Bhaskara Pillai
- Cardiothoracic surgery, University Hospital Coventry Ringgold Standard Institution - Coventry, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
| | - Ting Lau
- Cardiothoracic surgery, University Hospital Coventry Ringgold Standard Institution - Coventry, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
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12
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Anatomical anomalies and variations of main thoracic vessels in dogs: a computed tomography study. J Vet Cardiol 2019; 21:57-66. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvc.2018.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Revised: 08/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Hassanien OA, El-Shafey KI, Khedr RA, Elsheikh RG. Role of 320-MDCT in assessment of cardiac great arteries anomalies. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2018.06.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Non contrast versus contrast enhanced MRI of the great thoracic vessels in pediatric congenital heart disease: A quantitative and qualitative analysis. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Gupta ML, Gupta M, Vijay DK, Bagarhatta R. Pulmonary arteriovenous malformation: An unusual cause of hemothorax. Lung India 2015; 32:655-7. [PMID: 26664184 PMCID: PMC4663881 DOI: 10.4103/0970-2113.168116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Lal Gupta
- Department of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. E-mail:
| | - Mridul Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Rajarshee Chhatrapati Shahu Maharaj Government Medical College, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dinesh Kumar Vijay
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Santokba Durlabhji Memorial Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rajeev Bagarhatta
- Department of Cardiology, Sawai Man Singh Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Developmental lung malformations in children: recent advances in imaging techniques, classification system, and imaging findings. J Thorac Imaging 2015; 30:29-43; quiz 44-5. [PMID: 25525781 DOI: 10.1097/rti.0000000000000125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Congenital lung anomalies represent a diverse group of developmental malformations of the lung parenchyma, arterial supply, and venous drainage, which may present anywhere from the prenatal period through adulthood. It is imperative for radiologists to be aware of imaging techniques and imaging appearance of these anomalies across the pediatric age range. This review presents the spectrum of these lesions that are often encountered in daily clinical practice. Each anomaly is discussed in terms of underlying etiology, clinical presentation, and imaging characterization with emphasis on the most up-to-date research and treatment. Knowledge of these areas is essential for accurate, timely diagnosis, which aids in optimizing patient outcomes.
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Ruano CA, Marinho-da-Silva A, Donato P. Congenital Thoracic Venous Anomalies in Adults: Morphologic MR Imaging. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2015; 44:337-45. [PMID: 25953438 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 01/19/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Congenital anomalies of the thoracic veins are rare yet important developmental abnormalities, usually classified into systemic and pulmonary. They may be encountered incidentally; as such the radiologist must be aware of their imaging presentation and clinical relevance. Furthermore, to understand these anomalies, knowledge of the embryological development and of the normal anatomy of the thoracic veins is required. In the age of non-invasive imaging modalities, magnetic resonance is paramount for the characterization of these developmental abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina A Ruano
- Department of Radiology, Central Lisbon Hospital Centre, Lisbon, Portugal.
| | | | - Paulo Donato
- Department of Radiology, Coimbra Hospital and University Centre, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Kim YJ, Yong HS, Kim SM, Kim JA, Yang DH, Hong YJ. Korean guidelines for the appropriate use of cardiac CT. Korean J Radiol 2015; 16:251-85. [PMID: 25741189 PMCID: PMC4347263 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2015.16.2.251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2014] [Accepted: 01/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of cardiac CT has provided a non-invasive alternative to echocardiography, exercise electrocardiogram, and invasive angiography and cardiac CT continues to develop at an exponential speed even now. The appropriate use of cardiac CT may lead to improvements in the medical performances of physicians and can reduce medical costs which eventually contribute to better public health. However, until now, there has been no guideline regarding the appropriate use of cardiac CT in Korea. We intend to provide guidelines for the appropriate use of cardiac CT in heart diseases based on scientific data. The purpose of this guideline is to assist clinicians and other health professionals in the use of cardiac CT for diagnosis and treatment of heart diseases, especially in patients at high risk or suspected of heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Jin Kim
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
| | - Hwan Seok Yong
- Department of Radiology, Korea University Guro Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul 152-703, Korea
| | - Sung Mok Kim
- Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 135-710, Korea
| | - Jeong A Kim
- Department of Radiology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang 411-706, Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Yang
- Department of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 138-736, Korea
| | - Yoo Jin Hong
- Department of Radiology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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Nie P, Yang G, Wang X, Duan Y, Xu W, Li H, Cao T, Liu X, Ji X, Cheng Z, Wang A. Application of prospective ECG-gated high-pitch 128-slice dual-source CT angiography in the diagnosis of congenital extracardiac vascular anomalies in infants and children. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115793. [PMID: 25546178 PMCID: PMC4278836 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the value of prospective ECG-gated high-pitch 128-slice dual-source CT (DSCT) angiography in the diagnosis of congenital extracardiac vascular anomalies in infants and children in comparison with transthoracic echocardiography (TTE). METHODS Eighty consecutive infants or children clinically diagnosed of congenital heart disease and suspected with extracardiac vascular anomaly were enrolled, and 75 patients were finally included in this prospective study. All patients underwent prospective ECG-gated high-pitch DSCT angiography after TTE with an interval of 1-7 days. The diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity of high-pitch DSCT angiography and TTE were compared according to the surgical/CCA findings. The image quality of DSCT was assessed using a five-point scale. The effective radiation dose (ED) was calculated. RESULTS A total of 17 congenital heart diseases and 162 separate extracardiac vascular anomalies were confirmed by surgical/CCA findings in 75 patients. The diagnostic accuracy of high-pitch DSCT angiography and TTE was 99.67% and 97.89%, respectively. The sensitivity of high-pitch DSCT angiography and TTE was 97.53% and 79.62%, respectively. There was significant difference regarding to the diagnostic accuracy and the sensitivity between high-pitch DSCT angiography and TTE (χ2 = 23.561 and 28.013, P<0.05). The agreement on the image quality scoring of DSCT between the two observers was excellent (κ = 0.81), and the mean score of image quality was 4.1±0.7. The mean ED of DSCT was 0.29±0.08 mSv. CONCLUSIONS Prospective ECG-gated high-pitch 128-slice DSCT angiography with low radiation dose and high diagnostic accuracy has higher sensitivity compared to TTE in the detection of congenital extracardiac vascular anomalies in infants and children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Nie
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Guangjie Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ximing Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Yanhua Duan
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Wenjian Xu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Haiou Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ting Cao
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xuejun Liu
- Department of Radiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaopeng Ji
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhaoping Cheng
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Vascular Diseases, Shandong Medical Imaging Research Institute, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Anbiao Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Porres DV, Morenza OP, Pallisa E, Roque A, Andreu J, Martínez M. Learning from the pulmonary veins. Radiographics 2014; 33:999-1022. [PMID: 23842969 DOI: 10.1148/rg.334125043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to review the basic embryology and anatomy of the pulmonary veins and the various imaging techniques used to evaluate the pulmonary veins, as well as the radiologic findings in diseases affecting these structures. Specific cases highlight the clinical importance of the imaging features, particularly the findings obtained with multidetector computed tomography (CT). Pulmonary vein disease can be broadly classified into congenital or acquired conditions. Congenital disease, which often goes unnoticed until patients are adults, mainly includes (a) anomalies in the number or diameter of the vessels and (b) abnormal drainage or connection with the pulmonary arterial tree. Acquired disease can be grouped into (a) stenosis and obstruction, (b) hypertension, (c) thrombosis, (d) calcifications, and (e) collateral circulation. Pulmonary vein stenosis or obstruction, which often has important clinical repercussions, is frequently a result of radiofrequency ablation complications, neoplastic infiltration, or fibrosing mediastinitis. The most common cause of pulmonary venous hypertension is chronic left ventricular failure. This condition is difficult to differentiate from veno-occlusive pulmonary disease, which requires a completely different treatment. Pulmonary vein thrombosis is a rare, potentially severe condition that can have a local or distant cause. Calcifications have been described in rheumatic mitral valve disease and chronic renal failure. Finally, the pulmonary veins can act as conduits for collateral circulation in cases of obstruction of the superior vena cava. Multidetector CT is an excellent modality for imaging evaluation of the pulmonary veins, even when the examination is not specifically tailored for their assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Varona Porres
- Department of Radiology, Hospital Vall d'Hebrón, Passeig Vall d'Hebrón 119, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
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Thacker PG, Rao AG, Hill JG, Lee EY. Congenital Lung Anomalies in Children and Adults. Radiol Clin North Am 2014; 52:155-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rcl.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Role of 16-multidetector CT angiography in assessment of arterial and venous pulmonary anomalies in pediatrics. THE EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF RADIOLOGY AND NUCLEAR MEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrnm.2013.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Murillo H, Cutalo MJ, Jones RP, Lane MJ, Fleischmann D, Restrepo CS. Pulmonary Circulation Imaging: Embryology and Normal Anatomy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2012; 33:473-84. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2012.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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25
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Holloway BJ, Rosewarne D, Jones RG. Imaging of thoracic aortic disease. Br J Radiol 2012; 84 Spec No 3:S338-54. [PMID: 22723539 DOI: 10.1259/bjr/30655825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic pathology can be more complex to understand on imaging than is initially appreciated. There are a number of imaging modalities that provide excellent assessment of aortic pathology and enable the accurate monitoring of disease. This review discusses the imaging of the most common disease processes that affect the aorta in adults, with the primary focus being on CT and MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Holloway
- University Hospital Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
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26
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Krishnan AS, Babar JL, Gopalan D. Imaging of congenital and acquired disorders of the pulmonary artery. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 2012; 41:165-78. [PMID: 22818837 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2011.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The pulmonary artery is affected by a multitude of conditions that can be congenital or acquired. These disorders may be detected incidentally, or the clinical features of the different conditions may overlap. This pictorial review illustrates the imaging findings of some of the main conditions that affect the pulmonary artery by considering them in 3 main categories: congenital disorders; enlargement of the pulmonary arteries, most commonly seen in pulmonary hypertension; obstruction or occlusion of the pulmonary arteries, as seen in thromboembolic disease or large vessel vasculitis. It is important for the radiologist to understand the radiological manifestations of these disorders, as early recognition would be of significant benefit in their diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anant S Krishnan
- Department of Radiology, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, UK
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27
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Murillo H, Lane MJ, Punn R, Fleischmann D, Restrepo CS. Imaging of the Aorta: Embryology and Anatomy. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2012; 33:169-90. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2012.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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28
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Restrepo CS, Melendez-Ramirez G, Kimura-Hayama E. Multidetector Computed Tomography of Congenital Anomalies of the Thoracic Aorta. Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2012; 33:191-206. [DOI: 10.1053/j.sult.2011.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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29
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Lee EY, Browne LP, Lam W. Noninvasive Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Thoracic Large Vessels in Children. Semin Roentgenol 2012; 47:45-55. [DOI: 10.1053/j.ro.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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30
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Evaluation of pulmonary vein variations and anomalies with 64 slice multi detector computed tomography. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2011; 124:3-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s00508-011-0086-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Kalathur M, Baiguera S, Macchiarini P. Translating tissue-engineered tracheal replacement from bench to bedside. Cell Mol Life Sci 2010; 67:4185-96. [PMID: 20730554 PMCID: PMC11115688 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-010-0499-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2010] [Revised: 07/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/04/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
There are a variety of airway diseases with different clinical settings, which may extend from a surgical approach to total organ replacement. Tissue engineering involves modifying cells or tissues in order to repair, regenerate, or replace tissue in the body and seems to be a promising approach for airway replacement. The successful implantation of stem-cell-based tissue-engineered trachea in a young woman with end-stage post-tuberculosis left main bronchus collapse serves as a prototype for the airway tissue-engineered-based approach. The trachea indeed could represent a perfect model system to investigate the translational aspects of tissue engineering, largely due to its low-oxygen needs. This review highlights the anatomy of the airways, the various disease conditions that cause damage to the airways, elaborates on the essential components of the tissue-engineering approach, and discusses the success of the revolutionary trachea transplantation approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Kalathur
- BIOAIR Lab, Department of General Thoracic and Regenerative Surgery and Intrathoracic Biotransplantation, University Hospital Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Baiguera
- BIOAIR Lab, Department of General Thoracic and Regenerative Surgery and Intrathoracic Biotransplantation, University Hospital Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
| | - Paolo Macchiarini
- BIOAIR Lab, Department of General Thoracic and Regenerative Surgery and Intrathoracic Biotransplantation, University Hospital Careggi, Largo Brambilla 3, 50134 Florence, Italy
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32
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Serrao E, Santos A, Gaivao A, Tavares A, Ferreira S. Congenital esophageal stenosis: a rare case of dysphagia. J Radiol Case Rep 2010; 4:8-14. [PMID: 22470735 DOI: 10.3941/jrcr.v4i6.422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital esophageal stenosis (CES) is a rare anomaly, resulting from incomplete separation of the respiratory tract from the primitive foregut at the 25th day of life. First clinical signs are abnormalities of the swallowing mechanism caused by the intrinsic narrowing of the esophagus. Diagnosis is usually delayed, requiring an accurate history and high level of suspicion, alongside with an esophagogram. Definite diagnosis is only confirmed by histological examination. Treatment usually involves surgery, depending on the severity, location and type of stenosis. We report the case of an 18 months old toddler diagnosed with CES. The characteristic radiographic and CT features are presented as well as the histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Serrao
- Department of Imaging, Hospital Professor Doutor Fernando Fonseca, Amadora, Portugal
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