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Vu Quoc T, Duong LT, Quoc VD, Tran Quoc T, Nguyen Trong D, Talu S. Effect of doped H, Br, Cu, Kr, Ge, As and Fe on structural features and bandgap of poly C13H8OS-X: a DFT calculation. Des Monomers Polym 2021; 24:53-62. [PMID: 33658884 PMCID: PMC7872542 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.1877431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Structural features such as the shape, the lattice constant, the bond length, the total energy per cell, and the energy bandgap (Eg) of C13H8OS-X are studied by the calculating Partial Density Of States (PDOS), and DOS package of the Material Studio (MS) software. Calculations show that the bond length and the bond angle between atoms insignificant change as 1.316 Å to 1.514 Å for C-C, 1.211 Å for C-O, 1.077 Å to 1.105 Å for C-H; bond angle of round one changes from 118.883° to 121.107° for C-C-C, from 117.199° to 122.635° for H-C-C, from 119.554° to 123.147° for C-C-O and from 109.956° to 117.537° for C-C-H. When C13H8OS-X doped in the order of -Br, -Cu, -Kr, -Ge, -As, and -Fe then bond lengths, bond angles between atoms have a nearly constant value. Particularly for links C-X, there is a huge change in value, respectively 1.876, 1.909, 10.675, 2.025, 2.016, 2.014 Å; the total energy change from Etot = -121,794 eV to Etot = -202,859 eV, and the energy band gap decreases from Eg = 2.001 eV to Eg = 0.915 eV. The obtained results are useful and serve as a basis for future experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trung Vu Quoc
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - La Trieu Duong
- Hanoi - Amsterdam High School for the Gifted, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van Duong Quoc
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tuan Tran Quoc
- Faculty of Basic Science, University of Transport Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Dung Nguyen Trong
- Hanoi National University of Education, Faculty of Physics, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Stefan Talu
- The Directorate of Research, Development and Innovation Management (DMCDI), Technical University of Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Cluj County, Romania
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2
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Dheepthi GunaVathana S, Wilson J, Prashanthi R, Cyrac Peter A. CuO nanoflakes anchored polythiophene nanocomposite: Voltammetric detection of L-Tryptophan. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.108398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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3
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Vu QT, Tran TTD, Nguyen TC, Nguyen TV, Nguyen H, Vinh PV, Nguyen-Trong D, Dinh Duc N, Nguyen-Tri P. DFT Prediction of Factors Affecting the Structural Characteristics, the Transition Temperature and the Electronic Density of Some New Conjugated Polymers. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1207. [PMID: 32466422 PMCID: PMC7361686 DOI: 10.3390/polym12061207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated polymers are promising materials for various cutting-edge technologies, especially for organic conducting materials and in the energy field. In this work, we have synthesized a new conjugated polymer and investigated the effect of distance between bond layers, side-chain functional groups (H, Br, OH, OCH3 and OC2H5) on structural characteristics, phase transition temperature (T), and electrical structure of C13H8OS using Density Functional Theory (DFT). The structural characteristics were determined by the shape, network constant (a, b and c), bond length (C-C, C-H, C-O, C-S, C-Br and O-H), phase transition temperatures, and the total energy (Etot) on a base cell. Our finding shows that the increase of layer thickness (h) of C13H8OS-H has a negligible effect on the transition temperature, while the energy bandgap (Eg) increases from 1.646 eV to 1.675 eV. The calculation of bond length with different side chain groups was carried out for which C13H8OS-H has C-H = 1.09 Å; C13H8OS-Br has C-Br = 1.93 Å; C13H8OS-OH has C-O = 1.36 Å, O-H = 0.78 Å; C13H8OS-OCH3 has C-O = 1.44 Å, O-H =1.10 Å; C13H8OS-OC2H5 has C-O = 1.45 Å, C-C = 1.51Å, C-H = 1.10 Å. The transition temperature (T) for C13H8OS-H was 500 K < T < 562 K; C13H8OS-Br was 442 K < T < 512 K; C13H8OS-OH was 487 K < T < 543 K; C13H8OS-OCH3 was 492 K < T < 558 K; and C13H8OS-OC2H5 was 492 K < T < 572 K. The energy bandgap (Eg) of Br is of Eg = 1.621 eV, the doping of side chain groups H, OH, OCH3, and OC2H5, leads to an increase of Eg from 1.621 eV to 1.646, 1.697, 1.920, and 2.04 eV, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quoc-Trung Vu
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 180000, Vietnam; (T.-T.-D.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Thi-Thuy-Duong Tran
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 180000, Vietnam; (T.-T.-D.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Thuy-Chinh Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 122300, Vietnam; (T.-C.N.); (T.V.N.)
| | - Thien Vuong Nguyen
- Institute for Tropical Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18, Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi 122300, Vietnam; (T.-C.N.); (T.V.N.)
| | - Hien Nguyen
- Faculty of Chemistry, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 180000, Vietnam; (T.-T.-D.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Pham Van Vinh
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (P.V.V.); (D.N.-T.)
| | - Dung Nguyen-Trong
- Faculty of Physics, Hanoi National University of Education, 136 Xuan Thuy, Cau Giay, Hanoi 100000, Vietnam; (P.V.V.); (D.N.-T.)
| | - Nguyen Dinh Duc
- Faculty of Environmental and Food Engineering, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 755414, Vietnam;
- Department of Environmental Energy Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Korea
| | - Phuong Nguyen-Tri
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang 550000, Vietnam
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, University of Quebec in Trois-Rivieres (UQTR), Trois-Rivieres, QC G8Z 4M3, Canada
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4
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A novel route to synthesis polythiophene with great yield and high electrical conductivity without post doping process. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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5
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Wang M, Preston N, Xu N, Wei Y, Liu Y, Qiao J. Promoter Effects of Functional Groups of Hydroxide-Conductive Membranes on Advanced CO 2 Electroreduction to Formate. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:6881-6889. [PMID: 30676728 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b11845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 at ambient conditions provides a latent solution of turning waste greenhouse gases into commodity chemicals or fuels; however, a satisfactory ion-conducting membrane for maximizing the performance of a CO2 electrolyzer has not been developed. Here, we report the synthesis of a sequence of hydroxide-conductive polymer membranes, which are based on polymer composites of poly(vinyl alcohol)/Guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chloride, for use in CO2 electrolysis. The effect of different membrane functional groups, including thiophene, hydroxybenzyl, and dimethyloctanal, on the efficiency and selectivity of CO2 electroreduction to formate is thoroughly evaluated. The membrane incorporating thiophene groups exhibits the highest Faradaic efficiency of 71.5% at an applied potential of -1.64 V versus saturated calomel electrode (SCE) for formate. In comparison, membranes containing hydroxybenzyl and dimethyloctanal groups produced lower efficiencies of 67.6 and 68.6%, respectively, whereas the commercial Nafion 212 membrane was only 57.6% efficient. The improved efficiency and selectivity of membranes containing thiophene groups are attributed to a significantly increased hydroxide conductivity (0.105 S cm-1), excellent physicochemical properties, and the simultaneous attenuation of formate product crossover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Contro in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 Ren'min North Road , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Nicholas Preston
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario N2L 3G1 , Canada
| | - Nengneng Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Contro in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 Ren'min North Road , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Yanan Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Contro in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 Ren'min North Road , Shanghai 201620 , China
| | - Yuyu Liu
- Institute of Sustainable Energy , Shanghai University , 99 Shangda Road , Shanghai 200444 , China
| | - Jinli Qiao
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Contro in Textile Industry, College of Environmental Science and Engineering , Donghua University , 2999 Ren'min North Road , Shanghai 201620 , China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security , Shanghai 200092 , China
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6
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Shaikh T, Rathore A, Kaur H. Poly (Lactic Acid) Grafting of TiO2Nanoparticles : A Shift in Dye Degradation Performance of TiO2from UV to Solar Light. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tauhid Shaikh
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Gujarat University; Ahmedabad India
| | - Anuradha Rathore
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Gujarat University; Ahmedabad India
| | - Harjinder Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences; Gujarat University; Ahmedabad India
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7
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Efficient and clean pre-concentration of ultra-trace calcium channel blockers from biological matrices via a hyphenated procedure of two sequential dispersive solid/liquid phase microextractions. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 960:138-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2016] [Revised: 12/31/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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Khan MU, Darestani MT, Gomes VG. Structure and electrochemical properties of polystyrene/CNT nanocomposites. J Solid State Electrochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-015-2943-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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9
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Tarcan E. Structural and Dielectric Properties of Polythiophene/Chrom(III) Acetylacetonate Composites. J MACROMOL SCI B 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2015.1051932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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10
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Kaushik A, Kumar R, Arya SK, Nair M, Malhotra BD, Bhansali S. Organic–Inorganic Hybrid Nanocomposite-Based Gas Sensors for Environmental Monitoring. Chem Rev 2015; 115:4571-606. [PMID: 25933130 DOI: 10.1021/cr400659h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ajeet Kaushik
- Center
for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology,
Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
- Bio-MEMS
Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Bio-MEMS
Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
- Department
of Physics, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Sunil K. Arya
- Bioelectronics
Program, Institute of Microelectronics, A*Star, 11 Science Park
Road, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore
| | - Madhavan Nair
- Center
for Personalized Nanomedicine, Institute of Neuroimmune Pharmacology,
Department of Immunology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, United States
| | - B. D. Malhotra
- Department
of Biotechnology, Delhi Technological University, Shahbad Daulatpur, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Shekhar Bhansali
- Bio-MEMS
Microsystems Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,
College of Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33174, United States
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11
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Patil BH, Patil SJ, Lokhande CD. Electrochemical Characterization of Chemically Synthesized Polythiophene Thin Films: Performance of Asymmetric Supercapacitor Device. ELECTROANAL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201400284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Guo G, Shi Q, Luo Y, Fan R, Zhou L, Qian Z, Yu J. Preparation and ageing-resistant properties of polyester composites modified with functional nanoscale additives. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2014; 9:215. [PMID: 24872802 PMCID: PMC4022414 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-9-215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated ageing-resistant properties of carboxyl-terminated polyester (polyethylene glycol terephthalate) composites modified with nanoscale titanium dioxide particles (nano-TiO2). The nano-TiO2 was pretreated by a dry coating method, with aluminate coupling agent as a functional grafting additive. The agglomeration resistance was evaluated, which exhibited significant improvement for the modified nanoparticles. Then, the effects of the modified nano-TiO2 on the crosslinking and ageing-resistant properties of the composites were studied. With a real-time Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) measurement, the nano-TiO2 displayed promoting effect on the crosslinking of polyester resin with triglycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) as crosslinking agent. Moreover, the gloss retention, colour aberration and the surface morphologies of the composites during accelerated UV ageing (1500 hours) were investigated. The results demonstrated much less degree of ageing degradation for the nanocomposites, indicating an important role of the nano-TiO2 in improving the ageing-resistant properties of synthetic polymer composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiwu Shi
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanbing Luo
- History and Culture School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Rangrang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangxue Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiyong Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yu
- National Engineering Research Center for Compounding and Modification of Polymer Materials, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
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13
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Wei Z, Zou C, Ni X. In situpolymerizations of thiophene on TiO2films using the semiconductors as initiators. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.40187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zongzhao Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Cheng Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
| | - Xiuyuan Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer; Department of Macromolecular Science; Fudan University; Shanghai 200433 China
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14
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Monnin A, Buron C, Guyard L, Filiâtre C. Electrophoretic deposition of composite silica/latex particles onto gold substrate and polythiophene-based films. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2013.01.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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15
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Ong C, Bayley PM, Winther-Jensen O, Winther-Jensen B. Toward a trace-free oxidant—insight into unexpected high yields of vapor phase polymerized polyterthiophene. Polym J 2012. [DOI: 10.1038/pj.2012.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Yang Z, Ni X. Photovoltaic hybrid films with polythiophene growing on monoclinic WO3 semiconductor substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:4829-4834. [PMID: 22335819 DOI: 10.1021/la204990d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A new photovoltaic film consisting of monoclinic WO(3) semiconductor and conjugated polythiophene (PT) is prepared via an in situ polymerization which is initiated by photoexcited WO(3). It is observed that PT grows on the WO(3) substrate along with reaction time, leading to uniform and high quality PT-WO(3) composite films. Structures of the as-synthesized films are studied by using Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) with the aim of gaining an insight into the interface. The results show that the sulfur sites of PT are bound to the semiconductor through a strong linkage and an acceptor-donor complex is formed as a result of the electron transfer from PT to WO(3). The cyclic voltammetry analysis confirms the charge-transfer reaction. Film devices are fabricated by using the PT-WO(3) composite film as the active layer and measured under AM 1.5G illumination for the photocurrents and incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymer, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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17
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Bobade RS. Polythiophene composites: a review of selected applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER ENGINEERING 2011. [DOI: 10.1515/polyeng.2011.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Conducting polymers (CPs) provide a class of processible, film forming semiconductors and metals. Electrical and optical properties of CPs, similar to those of metals and semiconductors, and the attractive properties associated with conventional polymers such as ease of synthesis and processing, has given these polymers a wide range of applications in the microelectronics industry, in biological field and also as humidity, chemical and mechanical sensors. The principal interest in the use of polymers lies in the scope for low cost manufacturing. Organic polymers offer several advantages over analogous inorganic semiconductors, the most important of which are the processability and the large surface film technology together with the possibility of tuning the polymer properties through a chemical design of the constituent units. In contrast, problems of environmental stability and the inability to process these into useful devices constitute the main drawbacks of organic materials. To set a material suitable for applications in various technological fields one has to improve the processability, mechanical strength and environmental stability of the polyheterocycles: one method adopted to do this is synthesizing the composites of conducting polymers within a matrix of insulating polymers. In this paper, the science of conducting polymers will be discussed. A review from literature on selected applications of organic devices based on conducting polythiophene and its composites will be discussed with a view to targeting the areas of future research in this topic.
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18
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Gawęda S, Kowalik R, Kwolek P, Macyk W, Mech J, Oszajca M, Podborska A, Szaciłowski K. Nanoscale Digital Devices Based on the Photoelectrochemical Photocurrent Switching Effect: Preparation, Properties and Applications. Isr J Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201000057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Polymer Nanocomposites for Electro-Optics: Perspectives on Processing Technologies, Material Characterization, and Future Application. ADVANCES IN POLYMER SCIENCE 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/12_2010_49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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20
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Gaweda S, Podborska A, Macyk W, Szaciłowski K. Nanoscale optoelectronic switches and logic devices. NANOSCALE 2009; 1:299-316. [PMID: 20648267 DOI: 10.1039/b9nr00145j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The photoelectrochemical photocurrent switching (PEPS) effect, in the beginning regarded as a scientific curiosity, has become a field of extensive study for numerous research groups all over the world. This unique effect can be utilized for nanoscale switching and information processing, furthermore, is can serve as an interface between molecular information processing and macroscopic electronics. This review summarizes recent efforts in understanding photocurrent switching effects and their application for the construction of nanoscale switches and logic devices. Furthermore, some future prospects concerning the development of electronic/optoelectronic devices based on photoactive semiconducting hybrid materials are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Gaweda
- Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Wydział Chemii, Kraków, Poland
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21
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Wang D, Zhang J, Luo Q, Li X, Duan Y, An J. Characterization and photocatalytic activity of poly(3-hexylthiophene)-modified TiO2 for degradation of methyl orange under visible light. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2009; 169:546-550. [PMID: 19410363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2009.03.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2008] [Revised: 12/25/2008] [Accepted: 03/30/2009] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) was synthesized via chemical oxidative polymerization with anhydrous FeCl(3) as oxidant, 3-hexylthiophene as monomer, chloroform as solvent. TiO(2) nanoparticles modified by a small amount of P3HT (TiO(2)/P3HT) were prepared by blending TiO(2) nanoparticles and P3HT in chloroform solution. The resulting photocatalysts were characterized by the methods of TEM, XRD, FT-IR, XPS and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscope. The photocatalytic activity of TiO(2)/P3HT was investigated by degrading methyl orange under visible light. The degradation rate of methyl orange was 88.5 and 13.5% when it was degradated by TiO(2)/P3HT and neat TiO(2)(P-25) for 10h, respectively. In addition, TiO(2)/P3HT nanocomposites showed excellent photocatalytic stability after 10 cycles under visible light irradiation. A possible mechanism for the photocatalytic oxidative degradation was also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desong Wang
- College of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050018, PR China.
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22
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Li XG, Li J, Huang MR. Facile optimal synthesis of inherently electroconductive polythiophene nanoparticles. Chemistry 2009; 15:6446-55. [PMID: 19466721 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The straight dope: Polythiophene (PTh) nanoparticles with a narrow size distribution were successfully synthesized by a chemical oxidative polymerization (see image). The highest conductivity of virgin PTh is 3.1x10(-4) S cm(-1) and can be dramatically enhanced to 50 S cm(-1) by doping in iodine vapor.Polythiophene (PTh) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized by a simple chemical oxidative polymerization in the presence of a very small amount of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). The polymerization yield, particle size, bulk electrical conductivity, and solubility of the PTh nanoparticles have been optimized by adjusting the CTAB/FeCl(3) oxidant/thiophene monomer ratio, thiophene concentration, polymerization temperature, and reaction time. The structure of the PTh nanoparticles was systematically characterized by IR and UV/Vis spectroscopy, wide-angle X-ray diffraction, laser particle-size analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that the number-average diameter (D(n)) and size polydispersity index (PDI) of the particles decrease significantly from 4.19 microm and 1.21 to 203 nm and 1.056, respectively, with a slightly increasing CTAB concentration. SEM and TEM reveal that the PTh particle size is reduced to 67 and 36 nm, respectively. The conductivity increases on raising the FeCl(3)/thiophene ratio or on lowering the CTAB concentration and polymerization temperature. A moderate monomer concentration and polymerization time are very beneficial for achieving highly conducting PTh. The highest conductivity of virgin PTh is 3.1x10(-4) S cm(-1) and can be further elevated to 50 S cm(-1) by doping in iodine vapor. Under optimized polymerization conditions, the significant variation of the conductivity of the PTh particles in virgin and doped states was well confirmed by the intensity and wavelength of the UV/Vis spectral band owing to the large pi conjugation. The PTh particles demonstrate uncommon characteristics including easy synthesis, low cost of production, large pi-conjugated structure, high conductivity, solution processability, and extensive potential for further application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gui Li
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Li XG, Li J, Meng QK, Huang MR. Interfacial Synthesis and Widely Controllable Conductivity of Polythiophene Microparticles. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:9718-27. [DOI: 10.1021/jp901395u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Gui Li
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans Louisiana, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Ji Li
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans Louisiana, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Qing-Kai Meng
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans Louisiana, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
| | - Mei-Rong Huang
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Advanced Civil Engineering Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Si-Ping Road, Shanghai 200092, China and Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, 6823 St. Charles Avenue, New Orleans Louisiana, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- Konrad Szaciłowski
- Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Wydział Chemii, ul. Romana Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Beranek R, Kisch H. A Hybrid Semiconductor Electrode for Wavelength-Controlled Switching of the Photocurrent Direction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:1320-2. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200701103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Beranek R, Kisch H. Eine Halbleiterhybrid-Elektrode zum wellenlängengesteuerten Schalten der Photostromrichtung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200701103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Qiao Y, Bao SJ, Li CM, Cui XQ, Lu ZS, Guo J. Nanostructured polyaniline/titanium dioxide composite anode for microbial fuel cells. ACS NANO 2008; 2:113-119. [PMID: 19206554 DOI: 10.1021/nn700102s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A unique nanostructured polyaniline (PANI)/mesoporous TiO(2) composite was synthesized and explored as an anode in Escherichia coli microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The results of X-ray diffraction, morphology, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption studies demonstrate a networked nanostructure with uniform nanopore distribution and high specific surface area of the composite. The composite MFC anode was fabricated and its catalytic behavior investigated. Optimization of the anode shows that the composite with 30 wt % PANI gives the best bio- and electrocatalytic performance. A possible mechanism to explain the excellent performance is proposed. In comparison to previously reported work with E. coli MFCs, the composite anode delivers 2-fold higher power density (1495 mW/m(2)). Thus, it has great potential to be used as the anode for a high-power MFC and may also provide a new universal approach for improving different types of MFCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Qiao
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 70 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637457
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Muktha B, Mahanta D, Patil S, Madras G. Synthesis and photocatalytic activity of poly(3-hexylthiophene)/TiO2 composites. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2007.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ilieva M, Ivanov S, Tsakova V. Electrochemical synthesis and characterization of TiO2-polyaniline composite layers. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-007-9399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Hebda M, Stochel G, Szaciłowski K, Macyk W. Optoelectronic Switches Based on Wide Band Gap Semiconductors. J Phys Chem B 2006; 110:15275-83. [PMID: 16884245 DOI: 10.1021/jp061262b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Switching of photocurrent direction in semiconducting systems upon changes of the electrode potential or incident light wavelength was realized by a series of photoelectrodes covered with titania modified with pentacyanoferrate complexes, [Fe(CN)(5)L](n)(-) (L = NH(3), thiodiethanol, thiodipropanol). These materials were characterized by optical spectroscopy and electrochemistry. The structure of the surface complexes was modeled using simple quantum-chemical models. The electrodes described in this paper enable control of the photocurrent direction by two stimuli: Changing the wavelength or the photoelectrode potential easily switches the direction of photocurrent. The materials are different from those of similar characteristics studied by other authors: They are not composites comprising of two types of semiconductors but rather engineered uniform materials. The photocurrent switching phenomenon is an intrinsic feature resulting from a specific electronic structure of the surface-modified semiconductor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maciej Hebda
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Kraków, Poland
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Cuentas-Gallegos A, Rincón M, Orozco-Gamboa G. Physical and electrochemical characterization of nanostructured composites formed by TiO2 templates and PEDOT–PPS films. Electrochim Acta 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Szaciłowski K, Macyk W, Stochel G. Synthesis, structure and photoelectrochemical properties of the TiO2–Prussian blue nanocomposite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1039/b606402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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