Melamine-based dendronized magnetic polymer in the adsorption of Pb(ΙΙ) and preconcentration of rhodamine B

Advances in functionalization and conjugation mechanisms of dendrimers with iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles

Iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are crucial in various areas due to their unique magnetic properties. However, their practical use is often limited by instability and aggregation in aqueous solutions. This review explores the advanced technique of dendrimer functionalization to enhance MNP stability and expand their application potential. Dendrimers, with their symmetric and highly branched structure, effectively stabilize MNPs and provide tailored functional sites for specific applications. We summarize key synthetic modifications, focusing on the impacts of dendrimer size, surface chemistry, and the balance of chemical (e.g., coordination, anchoring) and physical (e.g., electrostatic, hydrophobic) interactions on nanocomposite properties. Current challenges such as dendrimer toxicity, control over dendrimer distribution on MNPs, and the need for biocompatibility are discussed, alongside potential solutions involving advanced characterization techniques. This review highlights significant opportunities in environmental, biomedical, and water treatment applications, stressing the necessity for ongoing research to fully leverage dendrimer-functionalized MNPs. Insights offered here aim to guide further development and application of these promising nanocomposites.

Trimethoprim Antibiotic Adsorption from Aqueous Solution onto Eco-Friendly Zr-Metal Organic Framework Material

The synthesis of Bio-MOF using aspartic acid as an organic linker and water as a solvent was performed to create an environmentally friendly material. The chemical composition, structure, and morphology of the synthesized zirconium Bio-MOF (MIP-202) was evaluated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The synthesized Bio-MOF was used as an adsorbent for trimethoprim antibiotic as pollutants from an aqueous solution under various operating parameters. The increase in the initial trimethoprim concentration from 2.5 mg/L to 20 mg/L decreased the decontamination efficiency from 77.6% to 35.9% at a solution pH of 7 with 0.5 g/L adsorbent dose after 60 min reaction time. The rise of adsorbent dose from 0.1 g/L to 1.5 g/L increased the removal efficiency from 47.7% to 87.6%. The maximum trimethoprim removal efficiency of 95% was attained at a solution pH of 11. Langmuir and pseudo-second order models described the adsorption process of trimethoprim antibiotic onto zirconium Bio-MOF and the chemo-physical nature of trimethoprim adsorption onto the synthesized zirconium Bio-MOF. Accordingly, it was evident that the prepared zirconium Bio-MOF (MIP-202) is an ecofriendly and efficient adsorbent for antibiotic decontamination from polluted water.

Modification of Magnetite Nanoparticles with Triazine-Based Dendrons and Their Application as Drug-Transporting Systems

The following research aims at the synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles functionalized with triazine-based dendrons and the application of the obtained materials as effective sorptive materials dedicated to acidic bioactive compounds. The adopted synthetic approach involved: (1) the synthesis of nanosized Fe₃O₄ particles via classic co-precipitation method, (2) the introduction of amine groups on their surface leading to materials’ precursor, and (3) the final synthesis of branched triazine-based dendrons on the support surface by an iterative reaction between cyanuric chloride (CC) and piperazine (p) or diethylenetriamine (DETA) via nucleophilic substitution. The characterized materials were tested for their adsorptive properties towards folic acid, 18β–glycyrrhetinic acid, and vancomycin, showing high adsorption capacities varying in the ranges of 53.33–401.61, 75.82–223.71, and 68.17–132.45 mg g⁻¹, respectively. The formed material–drug complexes were also characterized for the drug-delivery potential, performed as in vitro release studies at pH 2.0 and 7.4, which mimics the physiological conditions. The release profiles showed that the proposed materials are able to deliver up to 95.2% of the drugs within 48 h, which makes them efficient candidates for further biomedical applications.

Application of magnetic ionomer for development of very fast and highly efficient uptake of triazo dye Direct Blue 71 form different water samples

This research focuses on removing Direct Blue 71 (DB 71) from aqueous solution in an efficient and very fast route by ionic liquid mediated γ-Fe₂O₃ magnetic ionomer. 2-hydroxyethylammonium sulphonate immobilized on γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles (γ-Fe₂O₃-2-HEAS) was used for this purpose. The influence of shaking time, medium pH, the concentration of sorbent and NaNO₃ on removal was evaluated to greatly influence removal extent. The optimal removal conditions were determined by response surface methodology based on the four-variable central composite design to obtain maximum removal efficiency and determine the significance and interaction effect of the variables on the removal of target triazo dye. The results have shown that an amount of 98.2% as % removal under the optimum conditions. The adsorption kinetics and isotherms were well fitted to a pseudo-second order model and Freundlich model, respectively. Based on these models, the maximum dye adsorption capacity (Q_m) of 47.60mgg^-1 was obtained. Finally, the proposed nano-adsorbent was applied satisfactorily for removal of target triazo dye from different water samples.