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Mattesi G, Cipriani A, Bauce B, Rigato I, Zorzi A, Corrado D. Arrhythmogenic Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: Genotype-Phenotype Correlations and New Diagnostic Criteria. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10102212. [PMID: 34065276 PMCID: PMC8160676 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10102212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM) is an inherited heart muscle disease characterized by loss of ventricular myocardium and fibrofatty replacement, which predisposes to scar-related ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death, particularly in the young and athletes. Although in its original description the disease was characterized by an exclusive or at least predominant right ventricle (RV) involvement, it has been demonstrated that the fibrofatty scar can also localize in the left ventricle (LV), with the LV lesion that can equalize or even overcome that of the RV. While the right-dominant form is typically associated with mutations in genes encoding for desmosomal proteins, other (non-desmosomal) mutations have been showed to cause the biventricular and left-dominant variants. This has led to a critical evaluation of the 2010 International Task Force criteria, which exclusively addressed the right phenotypic manifestations of ACM. An International Expert consensus document has been recently developed to provide upgraded criteria (“the Padua Criteria”) for the diagnosis of the whole spectrum of ACM phenotypes, particularly left-dominant forms, highlighting the use of cardiac magnetic resonance. This review aims to offer an overview of the current knowledge on the genetic basis, the phenotypic expressions, and the diagnosis of left-sided variants, both biventricular and left-dominant, of ACM.
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Vives-Gilabert Y, Zorio E, Sanz-Sánchez J, Calvillo-Batllés P, Millet J, Castells F. Classification model based on strain measurements to identify patients with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular involvement. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 188:105296. [PMID: 31918194 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2019.105296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE A heterogenous expression characterizes arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (AC). The evaluation of regional wall movement included in the current Task Force Criteria is only qualitative and restricted to the right ventricle. However, a strain-based approach could precisely quantify myocardial deformation in both ventricles. We aim to define and modelize the strain behavior of the left ventricle in AC patients with left ventricular (LV) involvement by applying algorithms such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), clustering and naïve Bayes (NB) classifiers. METHODS Thirty-six AC patients with LV involvement and twenty-three non-affected family members (controls) were enrolled. Feature-tracking analysis was applied to cine cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to assess strain time series from a 3D approach, to which PCA was applied. A Two-Step clustering algorithm separated the patients' group into clusters according to their level of LV strain impairment. A statistical characterization between controls and the new AC subgroups was done. Finally, a NB classifier was built and new data from a small evolutive dataset was predicted. RESULTS 60% of AC-LV patients showed mildly affected strain and 40% severely affected strain. Both groups and controls exhibited statistically significant differences, especially when comparing controls and severely affected AC-LV patients. The classification accuracy of the strain NB classifier reached 82.76%. The model performance was as good as to classify the individuals with a 100% sensitivity and specificity for severely impaired strain patients, 85.7% and 81.1% for mildly impaired strain patients, and 69.9% and 91.4% for normal strain, respectively. Even when the severely affected LV-AC group was excluded, LV strain showed a good accuracy to differentiate patients and controls. The prediction of the evolutive dataset revealed a progressive alteration of strain in time. CONCLUSIONS Our LV strain classification model may help to identify AC patients with LV involvement, at least in a setting of a high pretest probability, such as family screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yolanda Vives-Gilabert
- Instituto ITACA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n,València 46022, Spain.
| | - Esther Zorio
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, Valencia, Spain; Unidad de Valoración del Riesgo de Muerte Súbita Familiar, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Jorge Sanz-Sánchez
- Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell no. 106, Valencia, Spain; Unidad de Valoración del Riesgo de Muerte Súbita Familiar, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - José Millet
- Instituto ITACA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n,València 46022, Spain; Center for Biomedical Network Research on Cardiovascular Diseases (CIBERCV), Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Castells
- Instituto ITACA, Universitat Politècnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera s/n,València 46022, Spain
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Sanz-de la Garza M, Carro A, Caselli S. How to interpret right ventricular remodeling in athletes. Clin Cardiol 2020; 43:843-851. [PMID: 32128858 PMCID: PMC7403694 DOI: 10.1002/clc.23350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-lasting athletic training induces an overload on the heart that leads to structural, functional, and electrical adaptive changes known as the "athlete's heart." The amount of this heart remodeling has been traditionally considered balanced between the left and the right heart chambers. However, during intense exercise, the right heart is exposed to a disproportional afterload and wall stress which over a long period of time could lead to more pronounced exercise-induced changes. Highly trained athletes, especially those involved in endurance sport disciplines, can develop marked right ventricular (RV) remodeling that could raise the suspicion of an underlying RV pathology including arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (ACM). The distinction between physiological and pathological RV remodeling is essential as ACM is a common cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes, and high-intensity exercise training has demonstrated to accelerate its phenotypic expression and worsen its prognosis. The distinction between physiological and pathological RV remodeling is essential since ACM is a common cause of sudden cardiac death in athletes, and high-intensity exercise training has demonstrated to accelerate the phenotypic expression and worsen the prognosis. This article outlines the physiological adaptation of the RV to acute exercise, the subsequent physiological structural and functional changes induced by athletic training and provides useful tips of how to differentiate between physiological RV remodeling and a cardiomyopathy phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Stefano Caselli
- Cardiovascular Center Zürich, Klinik im Park, Zürich, Switzerland
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Segura-Rodríguez D, Bermúdez-Jiménez FJ, Carriel V, López-Fernández S, González-Molina M, Oyonarte Ramírez JM, Fernández-Navarro L, García-Roa MD, Cabrerizo EM, Durand-Herrera D, Alaminos M, Campos A, Macías R, Álvarez M, Tercedor L, Jiménez-Jáimez J. Myocardial fibrosis in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy: a genotype–phenotype correlation study. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2019; 21:378-386. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jez277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Aims
Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy/dysplasia (ARVC/D) is a life-threatening entity with a highly heterogeneous genetic background. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging can identify fibrofatty scar by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). Our aim is to investigate genotype–phenotype correlation in ARVC/D mutation carriers, focusing on CMR-LGE and myocardial fibrosis patterns.
Methods and results
A cohort of 44 genotyped patients, 33 with definite and 11 with borderline ARVC/D diagnosis, was characterized using CMR and divided into groups according to their genetic condition (desmosomal, non-desmosomal mutation, or negative). We collected information on cardiac volumes and function, as well as LGE pattern and extension. In addition, available ventricular myocardium samples from patients with pathogenic gene mutations were histopathologically analysed. Half of the patients were women, with a mean age of 41.6 ± 17.5 years. Next-generation sequencing identified a potential pathogenic mutation in 71.4% of the probands. The phenotype varied according to genetic status, with non-desmosomal male patients showing lower left ventricular (LV) systolic function. LV fibrosis was similar between groups, but distribution in non-desmosomal patients was frequently located at the posterolateral LV wall; a characteristic LV subepicardial circumferential LGE pattern was significantly associated with ARVC/D caused by desmin mutation. Histological analysis showed increased fibrillar connective tissue and intercellular space in all the samples.
Conclusion
Desmosomal and non-desmosomal mutation carriers showed different morphofunctional features but similar LV LGE presence. DES mutation carriers can be identified by a specific and extensive LV subepicardial circumferential LGE pattern. Further studies should investigate the specificity of LGE in ARVC/D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Segura-Rodríguez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco José Bermúdez-Jiménez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Víctor Carriel
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. De la Investigación, 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Silvia López-Fernández
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Mercedes González-Molina
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - José Manuel Oyonarte Ramírez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández-Navarro
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - María Dolores García-Roa
- Radiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Elisa M Cabrerizo
- Servicio de Patología Forense, Instituto de Medicina Legal, Avda. De la Innovación, 1, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Daniel Durand-Herrera
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. De la Investigación, 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Alaminos
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. De la Investigación, 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Antonio Campos
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
- Department of Histology and Tissue Engineering Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, Avda. De la Investigación, 11, 18016, Granada, Spain
| | - Rosa Macías
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Álvarez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Luis Tercedor
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
| | - Juan Jiménez-Jáimez
- Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Avda. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014 Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Av. De las Fuerzas Armadas 2, 18014, Granada, Spain
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Molina P, Sanz-Sánchez J, Fenollosa M, Martínez-Matilla M, Giner J, Zorio E. Arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular involvement versus ischemic heart disease: lessons learned from the family study and the reviewed autopsy of a young male. Forensic Sci Res 2019; 4:274-279. [PMID: 31489393 PMCID: PMC6713184 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2019.1616247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease (IHD) is the leading cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) and often non-thrombosed severe coronary stenoses with or without myocardial scars are detected. Left dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy (LDAC) is a life-threating rare disease which has been more thoroughly studied in the last 10 years. The macroscopic study of an SCD victim was conducted and re-evaluated 9 years later. The cardiological work-up in his first-degree relatives initially comprised an electrocardiogram (ECG) and an echocardiogram. When they were re-evaluted 9 years later, a cardiac magnetic resonance, an ECG-monitoring, an exercise testing and a genetic study were performed and the pedigree was extended accordingly. In 2008, an IHD was suspected in the sports-triggered SCD of a 37-year-old man upon the postmortem (75% stenosis of the left main and circumflex coronary arteries; the subepicardial left ventricular fibrofatty infiltration with mild myocardial degeneration was assumed to be a past myocardial infarction). No cardiomyopathy was identified in any of the two proband’s sisters. Nine years thereafter, distant relatives were diagnosed with LDAC due to a pathogenic desmoplakin mutation. The reanalysis of the two sisters showed ventricular arrhythmias in one of them without structural heart involvement and the reviewed postmortem of the proband was reclassified as LDAC based on the fibrofatty infiltration; both were mutation carriers. The completion of the family study on 19 family members yielded one SCD due to LDAC (the proband), three living patients diagnosed with LDAC (two with a defibrillator), one mutation carrier without structural ventricular involvement, and 14 healthy relatives (who were discharged) with a very good co-segregation of the mutation. Although rare, LDAC exists and sometimes its differential diagnosis with IHD has to be faced. Modifying previous postmortem misdiagnoses can help family screening to further prevent SCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pilar Molina
- Servicio de Patología, Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Valencia, Valencia, España.,Unidad de Valoración del Riesgo de Muerte Súbita Familiar and Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Jorge Sanz-Sánchez
- Unidad de Valoración del Riesgo de Muerte Súbita Familiar and Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, España.,Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Manuel Fenollosa
- Servicio de Patología, Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | | | - Juan Giner
- Servicio de Patología, Instituto de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses de Valencia, Valencia, España.,Unidad de Valoración del Riesgo de Muerte Súbita Familiar and Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, España
| | - Esther Zorio
- Unidad de Valoración del Riesgo de Muerte Súbita Familiar and Unidad de Cardiopatías Familiares, Muerte Súbita y Mecanismos de Enfermedad (CaFaMuSMe), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, España.,Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, España
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Vives-Gilabert Y, Sanz-Sánchez J, Molina P, Cebrián A, Igual B, Calvillo-Batllés P, Domingo D, Millet J, Martínez-Dolz L, Castells F, Zorio E. Left ventricular myocardial dysfunction in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular involvement: A door to improving diagnosis. Int J Cardiol 2019; 274:237-244. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Morgan RB, Kwong RY. CMR in Phenotyping the Arrhythmic Substrate. CURRENT CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12410-017-9416-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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te Riele ASJM, Tandri H, Bluemke DA. Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC): cardiovascular magnetic resonance update. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014; 16:50. [PMID: 25191878 PMCID: PMC4222825 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-014-0050-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is one of the most arrhythmogenic forms of inherited cardiomyopathy and a frequent cause of sudden death in the young. Affected individuals typically present between the second and fourth decade of life with arrhythmias coming from the right ventricle. Pathogenic mutations in genes encoding the cardiac desmosome can be found in approximately 60% of index patients, leading to our current perception of ARVC as a desmosomal disease. Although ARVC is known to preferentially affect the right ventricle, early and/or predominant left ventricular involvement is increasingly recognized. Diagnosis is made by combining multiple sources of diagnostic information as prescribed by the "Task Force" criteria. Recent research suggests that electrical abnormalities precede structural changes in ARVC. Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) is an ideal technique in ARVC workup, as it provides comprehensive information on cardiac morphology, function, and tissue characterization in a single investigation. Prevention of sudden cardiac death using implantable cardioverter-defibrillators is the most important management consideration. This purpose of this paper is to provide an updated review of our understanding of the genetics, diagnosis, current state-of-the-art CMR acquisition and analysis, and management of patients with ARVC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneline SJM te Riele
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Harikrishna Tandri
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - David A Bluemke
- Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Radiology and Imaging Sciences, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda 20892, MD, USA
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López-Ayala JM, Gómez-Milanés I, Sánchez Muñoz JJ, Ruiz-Espejo F, Ortíz M, González-Carrillo J, López-Cuenca D, Oliva-Sandoval MJ, Monserrat L, Valdés M, Gimeno JR. Desmoplakin truncations and arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy: characterizing a phenotype. Europace 2014; 16:1838-46. [PMID: 24938629 DOI: 10.1093/europace/euu128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Risk stratification for sudden death in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is challenging in clinical practice. We lack recommendations for the risk stratification of exclusive left-sided phenotypes. The aim of this study was to investigate genotype-phenotype correlations in patients carrying a novel DSP c.1339C>T, and to review the literature on the clinical expression and the outcomes in patients with DSP truncating mutations. METHODS AND RESULTS Genetic screening of the DSP gene was performed in 47 consecutive patients with a phenotype of either an ARVC (n = 24) or an idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), who presented with ventricular arrhythmias or a family history of sudden death (n = 23) (aged 40 ± 19 years, 62% males). Three unrelated probands with DCM were found to be carriers of a novel mutation (c.1339C>T). Cascade family screening led to the identification of 15 relatives who are carriers. Penetrance in c.1339C>T carriers was 83%. Sustained ventricular tachycardia was the first clinical manifestation in six patients and nine patients were diagnosed with left ventricular impairment (two had overt severe disease and seven had a mild dysfunction). Cardiac magnetic resonance revealed left ventricular involvement in nine cases and biventricular disease in three patients. Extensive fibrotic patterns in six and non-compaction phenotype in five patients were the hallmark in imaging. CONCLUSION DSP c.1339C>T is associated with an aggressive clinical phenotype of left-dominant arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy and left ventricular non-compaction. Truncating mutations in desmoplakin are consistently associated with aggressive phenotypes and must be considered as a risk factor of sudden death. Since ventricular tachycardia occurs even in the absence of severe systolic dysfunction, an implantable cardioverter-defibrillator should be indicated promptly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose María López-Ayala
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ivan Gómez-Milanés
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan José Sánchez Muñoz
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco Ruiz-Espejo
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Martín Ortíz
- A Coruña University Hospital, A Coruña Biomedical Research Institute, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Josefa González-Carrillo
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - David López-Cuenca
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - M J Oliva-Sandoval
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Monserrat
- A Coruña University Hospital, A Coruña Biomedical Research Institute, A Coruña, Spain
| | - Mariano Valdés
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan R Gimeno
- Department of Cardiology, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain
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Gómez de Diego JJ, García-Orta R, Mahía-Casado P, Barba-Cosials J, Candell-Riera J. Update on cardiac imaging techniques 2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 66:205-11. [PMID: 24775455 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2012] [Accepted: 10/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac imaging is one of the basic pillars of modern cardiology. The potential list of scenarios where cardiac imaging techniques can provide relevant information is simply endless so it is impossible to include all relevant new features of cardiac imaging published in the literature in 2012 in the limited format of a single article. We summarize the year's most relevant news on cardiac imaging, highlighting the ongoing development of myocardial deformation and 3-dimensional echocardiography techniques and the increasing use of magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography in daily clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rocío García-Orta
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
| | | | - Joaquín Barba-Cosials
- Departamento de Cardiología, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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