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Singh A, Dhau J, Kumar R, Badru R, Kaushik A. Exploring the fluorescence properties of tellurium-containing molecules and their advanced applications. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9816-9847. [PMID: 38497121 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05740b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This review article explores the fascinating realm of fluorescence using organochalcogen molecules, with a particular emphasis on tellurium (Te). The discussion encompasses the underlying mechanisms, structural motifs influencing fluorescence, and the applications of these intriguing phenomena. This review not only elucidates the current state of knowledge but also identifies avenues for future research, thereby serving as a valuable resource for researchers and enthusiasts in the field of fluorescence chemistry with a focus on Te-based molecules. By highlighting challenges and prospects, this review sparks a conversation on the transformative potential of Te-containing compounds across different fields, ranging from environmental solutions to healthcare and materials science applications. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the distinct fluorescence behaviors exhibited by Te-containing compounds, contributing valuable insights to the evolving landscape of chalcogen-based fluorescence research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avtar Singh
- Research and Development, Molekule Group Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Khalsa College, Anandpur Sahib, Punjab 140118, India
| | - Jaspreet Dhau
- Research and Development, Molekule Group Inc., 3802 Spectrum Blvd., Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Department of Environment Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India
| | - Rahul Badru
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Guru Granth Sahib World University, Fatehgarh Sahib, Punjab 140406, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Environmental Engineering, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL 33805, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies (UPES), Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
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2
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Bohle F, Rossi J, Tamanna SS, Jansohn H, Schlosser M, Reinhardt F, Brox A, Bethmann S, Kopriva S, Trentmann O, Jahns P, Deponte M, Schwarzländer M, Trost P, Zaffagnini M, Meyer AJ, Müller-Schüssele SJ. Chloroplasts lacking class I glutaredoxins are functional but show a delayed recovery of protein cysteinyl redox state after oxidative challenge. Redox Biol 2024; 69:103015. [PMID: 38183796 PMCID: PMC10808970 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2023.103015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Redox status of protein cysteinyl residues is mediated via glutathione (GSH)/glutaredoxin (GRX) and thioredoxin (TRX)-dependent redox cascades. An oxidative challenge can induce post-translational protein modifications on thiols, such as protein S-glutathionylation. Class I GRX are small thiol-disulfide oxidoreductases that reversibly catalyse S-glutathionylation and protein disulfide formation. TRX and GSH/GRX redox systems can provide partial backup for each other in several subcellular compartments, but not in the plastid stroma where TRX/light-dependent redox regulation of primary metabolism takes place. While the stromal TRX system has been studied at detail, the role of class I GRX on plastid redox processes is still unknown. We generate knockout lines of GRXC5 as the only chloroplast class I GRX of the moss Physcomitrium patens. While we find that PpGRXC5 has high activities in GSH-dependent oxidoreductase assays using hydroxyethyl disulfide or redox-sensitive GFP2 as substrates in vitro, Δgrxc5 plants show no detectable growth defect or stress sensitivity, in contrast to mutants with a less negative stromal EGSH (Δgr1). Using stroma-targeted roGFP2, we show increased protein Cys steady state oxidation and decreased reduction rates after oxidative challenge in Δgrxc5 plants in vivo, indicating kinetic uncoupling of the protein Cys redox state from EGSH. Compared to wildtype, protein Cys disulfide formation rates and S-glutathionylation levels after H2O2 treatment remained unchanged. Lack of class I GRX function in the stroma did not result in impaired carbon fixation. Our observations suggest specific roles for GRXC5 in the efficient transfer of electrons from GSH to target protein Cys as well as negligible cross-talk with metabolic regulation via the TRX system. We propose a model for stromal class I GRX function in efficient catalysis of protein dithiol/disulfide equilibria upon redox steady state alterations affecting stromal EGSH and highlight the importance of identifying in vivo target proteins of GRXC5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Finja Bohle
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany; Chemical Signalling, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jacopo Rossi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sadia S Tamanna
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Hannah Jansohn
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Marlene Schlosser
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Frank Reinhardt
- Plant Physiology, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Alexa Brox
- Crop Functional Genomics, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stephanie Bethmann
- Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Institute for Plant Sciences, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, 50674, Germany
| | - Oliver Trentmann
- Molecular Botany, Department of Biology, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Peter Jahns
- Plant Biochemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marcel Deponte
- Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, RPTU Kaiserslautern-Landau, D-67633, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, D-48143, Münster, Germany
| | - Paolo Trost
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Mirko Zaffagnini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, I-40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andreas J Meyer
- Chemical Signalling, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University of Bonn, D-53113, Bonn, Germany
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Fridianto KT, Aye Y. Tag, you're it: G-ICAT identifies p120-cysteine glutathionylation triggering E-cadherin destabilization. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1501-1504. [PMID: 38134879 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Current methods have limited ability in directly quantifying the extent of glutathionylation on specific protein-cysteines. In this issue of Cell Chemical Biology, Ahn et al.1 report G-ICAT (glutathione-based isotope-coded affinity tag), aimed at addressing this limitation. G-ICAT identifies Cysteine-692 within p120-catenin-a member of cadherin complex essential for cell-cell-contact maintenance-where C692-specific glutathionylation promotes E-cadherin destabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Fridianto
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yimon Aye
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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4
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Kukulage DSK, Yapa Abeywardana M, Matarage Don NNJ, Hu RM, Shishikura K, Matthews ML, Ahn YH. Chemoproteomic strategy identified p120-catenin glutathionylation regulates E-cadherin degradation and cell migration. Cell Chem Biol 2023; 30:1542-1556.e9. [PMID: 37714153 PMCID: PMC10840712 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2023.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Identification of cysteines with high oxidation susceptibility is important for understanding redox-mediated biological processes. In this report, we report a chemical proteomic strategy that finds cysteines with high susceptibility to S-glutathionylation. Our proteomic strategy, named clickable glutathione-based isotope-coded affinity tag (G-ICAT), identified 1,518 glutathionylated cysteines while determining their relative levels of glutathionylated and reduced forms upon adding hydrogen peroxide. Among identified cysteines, we demonstrated that CTNND1 (p120) C692 has high susceptibility to glutathionylation. Also, p120 wild type (WT), compared to C692S, induces its dissociation from E-cadherin under oxidative stress, such as glucose depletion. p120 and E-cadherin dissociation correlated with E-cadherin destabilization via its proteasomal degradation. Lastly, we showed that p120 WT, compared to C692S, increases migration and invasion of MCF7 cells under glucose depletion, supporting a model that p120 C692 glutathionylation increases cell migration and invasion by destabilization of E-cadherin, a core player in cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ren-Ming Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kyosuke Shishikura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Megan L Matthews
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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Holcombe J, Weavers H. Functional-metabolic coupling in distinct renal cell types coordinates organ-wide physiology and delays premature ageing. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8405. [PMID: 38110414 PMCID: PMC10728150 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44098-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Precise coupling between cellular physiology and metabolism is emerging as a vital relationship underpinning tissue health and longevity. Nevertheless, functional-metabolic coupling within heterogenous microenvironments in vivo remains poorly understood due to tissue complexity and metabolic plasticity. Here, we establish the Drosophila renal system as a paradigm for linking mechanistic analysis of metabolism, at single-cell resolution, to organ-wide physiology. Kidneys are amongst the most energetically-demanding organs, yet exactly how individual cell types fine-tune metabolism to meet their diverse, unique physiologies over the life-course remains unclear. Integrating live-imaging of metabolite and organelle dynamics with spatio-temporal genetic perturbation within intact functional tissue, we uncover distinct cellular metabolic signatures essential to support renal physiology and healthy ageing. Cell type-specific programming of glucose handling, PPP-mediated glutathione regeneration and FA β-oxidation via dynamic lipid-peroxisomal networks, downstream of differential ERR receptor activity, precisely match cellular energetic demands whilst limiting damage and premature senescence; however, their dramatic dysregulation may underlie age-related renal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Holcombe
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK
| | - Helen Weavers
- School of Biochemistry, Biomedical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TD, UK.
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6
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Hossain MS, Yao A, Qiao X, Shi W, Xie T, Chen C, Zhang YQ. Gbb glutathionylation promotes its proteasome-mediated degradation to inhibit synapse growth. J Cell Biol 2023; 222:e202202068. [PMID: 37389657 PMCID: PMC10316630 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.202202068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutathionylation is a posttranslational modification involved in various molecular and cellular processes. However, it remains unknown whether and how glutathionylation regulates nervous system development. To identify critical regulators of synapse growth and development, we performed an RNAi screen and found that postsynaptic knockdown of glutathione transferase omega 1 (GstO1) caused significantly more synaptic boutons at the Drosophila neuromuscular junctions. Genetic and biochemical analysis revealed an increased level of glass boat bottom (Gbb), the Drosophila homolog of mammalian bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), in GstO1 mutants. Further experiments showed that GstO1 is a critical regulator of Gbb glutathionylation at cysteines 354 and 420, which promoted its degradation via the proteasome pathway. Moreover, the E3 ligase Ctrip negatively regulated the Gbb protein level by preferentially binding to glutathionylated Gbb. These results unveil a novel regulatory mechanism in which glutathionylation of Gbb facilitates its ubiquitin-mediated degradation. Taken together, our findings shed new light on the crosstalk between glutathionylation and ubiquitination of Gbb in synapse development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Shafayat Hossain
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Aiyu Yao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinhua Qiao
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenwen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Xie
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yong Q. Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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7
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Oppong D, Schiff W, Shivamadhu MC, Ahn YH. Chemistry and biology of enzymes in protein glutathionylation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 75:102326. [PMID: 37245422 PMCID: PMC10524987 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Protein S-glutathionylation is emerging as a central oxidation that regulates redox signaling and biological processes linked to diseases. In recent years, the field of protein S-glutathionylation has expanded by developing biochemical tools for the identification and functional analyses of S-glutathionylation, investigating knockout mouse models, and developing and evaluating chemical inhibitors for enzymes involved in glutathionylation. This review will highlight recent studies of two enzymes, glutathione transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) and glutaredoxin 1 (Grx1), especially introducing their glutathionylation substrates associated with inflammation, cancer, and neurodegeneration and showcasing the advancement of their chemical inhibitors. Lastly, we will feature protein substrates and chemical inducers of LanC-like protein (LanCL), the first enzyme in protein C-glutathionylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Oppong
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - William Schiff
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | | | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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8
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Enkhjargal B, De Leon SSP, Tsukahara Y, Liu H, Huangfu Y, Wang Y, Seabra PM, Yang X, Goodman J, Wan X, Chitalia V, Han J, Seta F. Redox Dysregulation of Vascular Smooth Muscle Sirtuin-1 in Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm in Marfan Syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:e339-e357. [PMID: 37288573 PMCID: PMC10524979 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAAs) are abnormal aortic dilatations and a major cardiovascular complication of Marfan syndrome. We previously demonstrated a critical role for vascular smooth muscle (VSM) SirT1 (sirtuin-1), a lysine deacetylase, against maladaptive aortic remodeling associated with chronic oxidative stress and aberrant activation of MMPs (matrix metalloproteinases). METHODS In this study, we investigated whether redox dysregulation of SirT1 contributed to the pathogenesis of TAA using fibrillin-1 hypomorphic mice (Fbn1mgR/mgR), an established model of Marfan syndrome prone to aortic dissection/rupture. RESULTS Oxidative stress markers 3-nitrotyrosine and 4-hydroxynonenal were significantly elevated in aortas of patients with Marfan syndrome. Moreover, reversible oxidative post-translational modifications (rOPTM) of protein cysteines, particularly S-glutathionylation, were dramatically increased in aortas of Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, before induction of severe oxidative stress markers. Fbn1mgR/mgR aortas and VSM cells exhibited an increase in rOPTM of SirT1, coinciding with the upregulation of acetylated proteins, an index of decreased SirT1 activity, and increased MMP2/9 activity. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TGFβ (transforming growth factor beta), which was increased in Fbn1mgR/mgR aortas, stimulated rOPTM of SirT1, decreasing its deacetylase activity in VSM cells. VSM cell-specific deletion of SirT1 in Fbn1mgR/mgR mice (SMKO-Fbn1mgR/mgR) caused a dramatic increase in aortic MMP2 expression and worsened TAA progression, leading to aortic rupture in 50% of SMKO-Fbn1mgR/mgR mice, compared with 25% of Fbn1mgR/mgR mice. rOPTM of SirT1, rOPTM-mediated inhibition of SirT1 activity, and increased MMP2/9 activity were all exacerbated by the deletion of Glrx (glutaredoxin-1), a specific deglutathionylation enzyme, while being corrected by overexpression of Glrx or of an oxidation-resistant SirT1 mutant in VSM cells. CONCLUSIONS Our novel findings strongly suggest a causal role of S-glutathionylation of SirT1 in the pathogenesis of TAA. Prevention or reversal of SirT1 rOPTM may be a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent TAA and TAA dissection/ruptures in individuals with Marfan syndrome, for which, thus far, no targeted therapy has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Budbazar Enkhjargal
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Yuko Tsukahara
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hanxiao Liu
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yuhao Huangfu
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yu Wang
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Pedro Maria Seabra
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xiaoqiu Yang
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jena Goodman
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Xueping Wan
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vipul Chitalia
- Renal Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyan Han
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology Section, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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9
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Yang YH, Wen R, Yang N, Zhang TN, Liu CF. Roles of protein post-translational modifications in glucose and lipid metabolism: mechanisms and perspectives. Mol Med 2023; 29:93. [PMID: 37415097 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-023-00684-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The metabolism of glucose and lipids is essential for energy production in the body, and dysregulation of the metabolic pathways of these molecules is implicated in various acute and chronic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, atherosclerosis (AS), obesity, tumor, and sepsis. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of proteins, which involve the addition or removal of covalent functional groups, play a crucial role in regulating protein structure, localization function, and activity. Common PTMs include phosphorylation, acetylation, ubiquitination, methylation, and glycosylation. Emerging evidence indicates that PTMs are significant in modulating glucose and lipid metabolism by modifying key enzymes or proteins. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role and regulatory mechanisms of PTMs in glucose and lipid metabolism, with a focus on their involvement in disease progression associated with aberrant metabolism. Furthermore, we discuss the future prospects of PTMs, highlighting their potential for gaining deeper insights into glucose and lipid metabolism and related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Hang Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China
| | - Ri Wen
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China
| | - Ni Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China
| | - Tie-Ning Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China.
| | - Chun-Feng Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36, SanHao Street, Liaoning Province, Shenyang City, 110004, China.
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10
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Holendova B, Plecita-Hlavata L. Cysteine residues in signal transduction and its relevance in pancreatic beta cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1221520. [PMID: 37455926 PMCID: PMC10339824 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1221520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine is one of the least abundant but most conserved amino acid residues in proteins, playing a role in their structure, metal binding, catalysis, and redox chemistry. Thiols present in cysteines can be modified by post-translational modifications like sulfenylation, acylation, or glutathionylation, regulating protein activity and function and serving as signals. Their modification depends on their position in the structure, surrounding amino acids, solvent accessibility, pH, etc. The most studied modifications are the redox modifications by reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species, leading to reversible changes that serve as cell signals or irreversible changes indicating oxidative stress and cell damage. Selected antioxidants undergoing reversible oxidative modifications like peroxiredoxin-thioredoxin system are involved in a redox-relay signaling that can propagate to target proteins. Cysteine thiols can also be modified by acyl moieties' addition (derived from lipid metabolism), resulting in protein functional modification or changes in protein anchoring in the membrane. In this review, we update the current knowledge on cysteine modifications and their consequences in pancreatic β-cells. Because β-cells exhibit well-balanced redox homeostasis, the redox modifications of cysteines here serve primarily for signaling purposes. Similarly, lipid metabolism provides regulatory intermediates that have been shown to be necessary in addition to redox modifications for proper β-cell function and, in particular, for efficient insulin secretion. On the contrary, the excess of reactive oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur species and the imbalance of lipids under pathological conditions cause irreversible changes and contribute to oxidative stress leading to cell failure and the development of type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydie Plecita-Hlavata
- Laboratory of Pancreatic Islet Research, Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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11
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Zhu H, Yan C, Yao P, Li P, Li Y, Yang H. Ginsenoside Rg1 protects cardiac mitochondrial function via targeting GSTP1 to block S-glutathionylation of optic atrophy 1. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 204:54-67. [PMID: 37105420 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a fundamental challenge in myocardial injury. Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) is a bioactive compound with pharmacological potential for cardiac protection. Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) acts as a mitochondrial inner membrane protein that contributes to the structural integrity and function of mitochondria. This study investigated the protective role of Rg1 in septic cardiac injury from the perspective of OPA1 stability. Rg1 protected cardiac contractive function against endotoxin injury in mice by maintaining mitochondrial cristae structure. In cardiomyocytes, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) evoked mitochondrial fragmentation and destruction of mitochondrial biogenesis, which were prevented by Rg1, possibly due to the preservation of the integrity of cristae structure. In support, the beneficial effects of Rg1 on cardioprotection and mitochondrial biogenesis were diminished by OPA1 deficiency subjected to the LPS challenge. Mechanistically, LPS stimulation triggered intracellular glutathione destabilization that promoted S-glutathionylation of OPA1 at Cys551, leading to the dissociation of OPA1-Mitofilin. Rg1 interacted with GSTP1 to inhibit its S-glutathionylation of OPA1, thereby promoting OPA1-Mitofilin interaction and protecting mitochondrial cristae structure. These findings suggest that GSTP1/OPA1 axis may be a beneficial strategy for the treatment of myocardial injury, and expand the clinical application of Rg1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Changyang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Peng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Xiang, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Vázquez-Meza H, Vilchis-Landeros MM, Vázquez-Carrada M, Uribe-Ramírez D, Matuz-Mares D. Cellular Compartmentalization, Glutathione Transport and Its Relevance in Some Pathologies. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040834. [PMID: 37107209 PMCID: PMC10135322 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Reduced glutathione (GSH) is the most abundant non-protein endogenous thiol. It is a ubiquitous molecule produced in most organs, but its synthesis is predominantly in the liver, the tissue in charge of storing and distributing it. GSH is involved in the detoxification of free radicals, peroxides and xenobiotics (drugs, pollutants, carcinogens, etc.), protects biological membranes from lipid peroxidation, and is an important regulator of cell homeostasis, since it participates in signaling redox, regulation of the synthesis and degradation of proteins (S-glutathionylation), signal transduction, various apoptotic processes, gene expression, cell proliferation, DNA and RNA synthesis, etc. GSH transport is a vital step in cellular homeostasis supported by the liver through providing extrahepatic organs (such as the kidney, lung, intestine, and brain, among others) with the said antioxidant. The wide range of functions within the cell in which glutathione is involved shows that glutathione’s role in cellular homeostasis goes beyond being a simple antioxidant agent; therefore, the importance of this tripeptide needs to be reassessed from a broader metabolic perspective.
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13
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Janaszak-Jasiecka A, Płoska A, Wierońska JM, Dobrucki LW, Kalinowski L. Endothelial dysfunction due to eNOS uncoupling: molecular mechanisms as potential therapeutic targets. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2023; 28:21. [PMID: 36890458 PMCID: PMC9996905 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-023-00423-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most important molecules released by endothelial cells, and its antiatherogenic properties support cardiovascular homeostasis. Diminished NO bioavailability is a common hallmark of endothelial dysfunction underlying the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular disease. Vascular NO is synthesized by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) from the substrate L-arginine (L-Arg), with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) as an essential cofactor. Cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, aging, or smoking increase vascular oxidative stress that strongly affects eNOS activity and leads to eNOS uncoupling. Uncoupled eNOS produces superoxide anion (O2-) instead of NO, thus becoming a source of harmful free radicals exacerbating the oxidative stress further. eNOS uncoupling is thought to be one of the major underlying causes of endothelial dysfunction observed in the pathogenesis of vascular diseases. Here, we discuss the main mechanisms of eNOS uncoupling, including oxidative depletion of the critical eNOS cofactor BH4, deficiency of eNOS substrate L-Arg, or accumulation of its analog asymmetrical dimethylarginine (ADMA), and eNOS S-glutathionylation. Moreover, potential therapeutic approaches that prevent eNOS uncoupling by improving cofactor availability, restoration of L-Arg/ADMA ratio, or modulation of eNOS S-glutathionylation are briefly outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Janaszak-Jasiecka
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.Pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Płoska
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.Pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna M Wierońska
- Department of Neurobiology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Maj Institute of Pharmacology, 12 Smętna Street, 31-343, Kraków, Poland
| | - Lawrence W Dobrucki
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.Pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland.,Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.,Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, 405 N Mathews Ave, MC-251, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Department of Biomedical and Translational Sciences, Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, Urbana, IL, USA
| | - Leszek Kalinowski
- Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics - Fahrenheit Biobank BBMRI.Pl, Medical University of Gdansk, 7 Debinki Street, 80-211, Gdansk, Poland. .,BioTechMed Centre, Department of Mechanics of Materials and Structures, Gdansk University of Technology, 11/12 Gabriela Narutowicza Street, 80-233, Gdansk, Poland.
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14
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Wu D, Su S, Zha X, Wei Y, Yang G, Huang Q, Yang Y, Xia L, Fan S, Peng X. Glutamine promotes O-GlcNAcylation of G6PD and inhibits AGR2 S-glutathionylation to maintain the intestinal mucus barrier in burned septic mice. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102581. [PMID: 36565645 PMCID: PMC9800542 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucus forms the first line of defence of the intestinal mucosa barrier, and mucin is its core component. Glutamine is a vital energy substance for goblet cells; it can promote mucus synthesis and alleviate damage to the intestinal mucus barrier after burn injury, but its mechanism is not fully understood. This study focused on the molecular mechanisms underlying the effects of glutamine on the synthesis and modification of mucin 2 (MUC2) by using animal and cellular models of burn sepsis. We found that anterior gradient-2 (AGR2) plays a key role in the posttranslational modification of MUC2. Oxidative stress induced by burn sepsis enhanced the S-glutathionylation of AGR2, interfered with the processing and modification of MUC2 precursors by AGR2 and blocked the synthesis of mature MUC2. Further studies revealed that NADPH, catalysed by glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), is a key molecule in inhibiting oxidative stress and regulating AGR2 activity. Glutamine promotes O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) modification of G6PD via the hexosamine pathway, which facilitates G6PD homodimer formation and increases NADPH synthesis, thereby inhibiting AGR2 S-glutathionylation and promoting MUC2 maturation, ultimately reducing damage to the intestinal mucus barrier after burn sepsis. Overall, we have demonstrated that the central mechanisms of glutamine in promoting MUC2 maturation and maintaining the intestinal mucus barrier are the enhancement of G6PD glycosylation and inhibition of AGR2 S-glutathionylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wu
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Sen Su
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Xule Zha
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Yan Wei
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Gang Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Qianying Huang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Yongjun Yang
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Lin Xia
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Shijun Fan
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Xi Peng
- Clinical Medical Research Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China; Shriners Burns Hospital, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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15
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Kukulage DSK, Matarage Don NNJ, Ahn YH. Emerging chemistry and biology in protein glutathionylation. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2022; 71:102221. [PMID: 36223700 PMCID: PMC9844265 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.102221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Protein S-glutathionylation serves a regulatory role in proteins and modulates distinct biological processes implicated in health and diseases. Despite challenges in analyzing the dynamic and reversible nature of S-glutathionylation, recent chemical and biological methods have significantly advanced the field of S-glutathionylation, culminating in selective identification and detection, structural motif analysis, and functional studies of S-glutathionylation. This review will highlight emerging studies of protein glutathionylation, beginning by introducing biochemical tools that enable mass spectrometric identification and live-cell imaging of S-glutathionylation. Next, it will spotlight recent examples of S-glutathionylation regulating physiology and inflammation. Lastly, we will feature two emerging lines of glutathionylation research in cryptic cysteine glutathionylation and protein C-glutathionylation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Young-Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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16
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Sulodexide Increases Glutathione Synthesis and Causes Pro-Reducing Shift in Glutathione-Redox State in HUVECs Exposed to Oxygen–Glucose Deprivation: Implication for Protection of Endothelium against Ischemic Injury. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27175465. [PMID: 36080234 PMCID: PMC9457652 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulodexide (SDX), a purified glycosaminoglycan mixture used to treat vascular diseases, has been reported to exert endothelial protective effects against ischemic injury. However, the mechanisms underlying these effects remain to be fully elucidated. The emerging evidence indicated that a relatively high intracellular concentration of reduced glutathione (GSH) and a maintenance of the redox environment participate in the endothelial cell survival during ischemia. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the hypothesis that SDX alleviates oxygen–glucose deprivation (OGD)-induced human umbilical endothelial cells’ (HUVECs) injury, which serves as the in vitro model of ischemia, by affecting the redox state of the GSH: glutathione disulfide (GSSG) pool. The cellular GSH, GSSG and total glutathione (tGSH) concentrations were measured by colorimetric method and the redox potential (ΔEh) of the GSSG/2GSH couple was calculated, using the Nernst equation. Furthermore, the levels of the glutamate–cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc) and the glutathione synthetase (GSS) proteins, a key enzyme for de novo GSH synthesis, were determined using enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). We demonstrated that the SDX treatment in OGD conditions significantly elevated the intracellular GSH, enhanced the GSH:GSSG ratio, shifting the redox potential to a more pro-reducing status. Furthermore, SDX increased the levels of both GCLc and GSS. The results show that SDX protects the human endothelial cells against ischemic stress by affecting the GSH levels and cellular redox state. These changes suggest that the reduction in the ischemia-induced vascular endothelial cell injury through repressing apoptosis and oxidative stress associated with SDX treatment may be due to an increase in GSH synthesis and modulation of the GSH redox system.
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17
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Role of Posttranslational Modifications of Proteins in Cardiovascular Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3137329. [PMID: 35855865 PMCID: PMC9288287 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3137329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has become a leading cause of mortality and morbidity globally, making it an urgent concern. Although some studies have been performed on CVD, its molecular mechanism remains largely unknown for all types of CVD. However, recent in vivo and in vitro studies have successfully identified the important roles of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) in various diseases, including CVD. Protein modification, also known as PTMs, refers to the chemical modification of specific amino acid residues after protein biosynthesis, which is a key process that can influence the activity or expression level of proteins. Studies on PTMs have contributed directly to improving the therapeutic strategies for CVD. In this review, we examined recent progress on PTMs and highlighted their importance in both physiological and pathological conditions of the cardiovascular system. Overall, the findings of this review contribute to the understanding of PTMs and their potential roles in the treatment of CVD.
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18
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Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress Tethered to Cardiovascular Diseases. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:9154295. [PMID: 35783193 PMCID: PMC9249518 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9154295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a broad term that incorporated a group of conditions that affect the blood vessels and the heart. CVD is a foremost cause of fatalities around the world. Multiple pathophysiological mechanisms are involved in CVD; however, oxidative stress plays a vital role in generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). Oxidative stress occurs when the concentration of oxidants exceeds the potency of antioxidants within the body while producing reactive nitrogen species (RNS). ROS generated by oxidative stress disrupts cell signaling, DNA damage, lipids, and proteins, thereby resulting in inflammation and apoptosis. Mitochondria is the primary source of ROS production within cells. Increased ROS production reduces nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability, which elevates vasoconstriction within the arteries and contributes to the development of hypertension. ROS production has also been linked to the development of atherosclerotic plaque. Antioxidants can decrease oxidative stress in the body; however, various therapeutic drugs have been designed to treat oxidative stress damage due to CVD. The present review provides a detailed narrative of the oxidative stress and ROS generation with a primary focus on the oxidative stress biomarker and its association with CVD. We have also discussed the complex relationship between inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in CVD as well as oxidative stress-induced obesity in CVD. Finally, we discussed the role of antioxidants in reducing oxidative stress in CVD.
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19
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Uzunboy S, Neslihan Avan A, Demirci-Çekiç S, Apak R. Indirect Colorimetric Determination of Trace Hydrogen Peroxide by its Oxidizing Power on Chromium(III) Oxide Nanoparticles. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Bibli SI, Fleming I. Oxidative Post-Translational Modifications: A Focus on Cysteine S-Sulfhydration and the Regulation of Endothelial Fitness. Antioxid Redox Signal 2021; 35:1494-1514. [PMID: 34346251 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Changes in the oxidative balance can affect cellular physiology and adaptation through redox signaling. The endothelial cells that line blood vessels are particularly sensitive to reactive oxygen species, which can alter cell function by a number of mechanisms, including the oxidative post-translational modification (oxPTM) of proteins on critical cysteine thiols. Such modifications can act as redox-switches to alter the function of targeted proteins. Recent Advances: Mapping the cysteine oxPTM proteome and characterizing the effects of individual oxPTMs to gain insight into consequences for cellular responses has proven challenging. A recent addition to the list of reversible oxPTMs that contributes to cellular redox homeostasis is persulfidation or S-sulfhydration. Critical Issues: It has been estimated that up to 25% of proteins are S-sulfhydrated, making this modification almost as abundant as phosphorylation. In the endothelium, persulfides are generated by the trans-sulfuration pathway that catabolizes cysteine and cystathionine to generate hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and H2S-related sulfane sulfur compounds (H2Sn). This pathway is of particular importance for the vascular system, as the enzyme cystathionine γ lyase (CSE) in endothelial cells accounts for a significant portion of total vascular H2S/H2Sn production. Future Directions: Impaired CSE activity in endothelial dysfunction has been linked with marked changes in the endothelial cell S-sulfhydrome and can contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and hypertension. It will be interesting to determine how changes in the S-sulfhydration of specific networks of proteins contribute to endothelial cell physiology and pathophysiology. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 35, 1494-1514.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia-Iris Bibli
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ingrid Fleming
- Institute for Vascular Signalling, Centre for Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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21
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Zhang H, Wu S, Xing Z, Wang HB. Turning waste into treasure: chicken eggshell membrane derived fluorescent carbon nanodots for the rapid and sensitive detection of Hg 2+ and glutathione. Analyst 2021; 146:7250-7256. [PMID: 34730569 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01582f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, a green, economical, and waste-utilization approach is reported for the synthesis of water-soluble carbon nanodots (C-Dots) with a high fluorescence quantum yield of 19.5%. As a common protein-rich waste, eggshell membrane was selected as a cost-effective and ideal precursor to prepare C-Dots using the microwave method. The as-prepared C-Dots showed a maximum emission at 375 nm with an excitation wavelength at 235 nm. The fluorescent C-Dots were adopted as a sensitive probe for the rapid detection of Hg2+ and glutathione (GSH) based on the fluorescence off and on (turn-off-on) strategy. This was ascribed to the fact that Hg2+ could effectively quench the fluorescence of the C-Dots and GSH was able to prevent fluorescence quenching owing to the specific binding between Hg2+ and GSH. The designed method exhibited a high sensitivity and selectivity towards the detection of Hg2+ and GSH. Under the optimized conditions, the method showed a good linear relationship with Hg2+ concentration in the range from 100 nM to 50 μM with a detection limit of 32.0 nM. For GSH detection, it displayed a linear range from 50 nM to 10 μM with a detection limit of 9.8 nM. Moreover, this method was successfully applied to detect GSH in human serum samples. The eggshell derived fluorescent C-Dots pave the way for economical environmental and biological analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongding Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, PR China.
| | - Sifei Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, PR China.
| | - Zhenhua Xing
- Xinyang Branch, Henan Province Institute of Boiler and Pressure Vessel Safety Testing, Xingyang 464000, PR China
| | - Hai-Bo Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources in Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials for Bioanalysis, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, PR China.
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22
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Buelna-Chontal M, García-Niño WR, Silva-Palacios A, Enríquez-Cortina C, Zazueta C. Implications of Oxidative and Nitrosative Post-Translational Modifications in Therapeutic Strategies against Reperfusion Damage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:749. [PMID: 34066806 PMCID: PMC8151040 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10050749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications based on redox reactions "switch on-off" the biological activity of different downstream targets, modifying a myriad of processes and providing an efficient mechanism for signaling regulation in physiological and pathological conditions. Such modifications depend on the generation of redox components, such as reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide. Therefore, as the oxidative or nitrosative milieu prevailing in the reperfused heart is determinant for protective signaling, in this review we defined the impact of redox-based post-translational modifications resulting from either oxidative/nitrosative signaling or oxidative/nitrosative stress that occurs during reperfusion damage. The role that cardioprotective conditioning strategies have had to establish that such changes occur at different subcellular levels, particularly in mitochondria, is also presented. Another section is devoted to the possible mechanism of signal delivering of modified proteins. Finally, we discuss the possible efficacy of redox-based therapeutic strategies against reperfusion damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cecilia Zazueta
- Department of Cardiovascular Biomedicine, National Institute of Cardiology Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.B.-C.); (W.R.G.-N.); (A.S.-P.); (C.E.-C.)
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23
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Comprehensive Review of Methodology to Detect Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) in Mammalian Species and Establish Its Relationship with Antioxidants and Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10010128. [PMID: 33477494 PMCID: PMC7831054 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10010128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) mediate tissue homeostasis, cellular signaling, differentiation, and survival. ROS and antioxidants exert both beneficial and harmful effects on cancer. ROS at different concentrations exhibit different functions. This creates necessity to understand the relation between ROS, antioxidants, and cancer, and methods for detection of ROS. This review highlights various sources and types of ROS, their tumorigenic and tumor prevention effects; types of antioxidants, their tumorigenic and tumor prevention effects; and abnormal ROS detoxification in cancer; and methods to measure ROS. We conclude that improving genetic screening methods and bringing higher clarity in determination of enzymatic pathways and scale-up in cancer models profiling, using omics technology, would support in-depth understanding of antioxidant pathways and ROS complexities. Although numerous methods for ROS detection are developing very rapidly, yet further modifications are required to minimize the limitations associated with currently available methods.
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24
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Kalinina E, Novichkova M. Glutathione in Protein Redox Modulation through S-Glutathionylation and S-Nitrosylation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020435. [PMID: 33467703 PMCID: PMC7838997 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation are reversible post-translational modifications on the cysteine thiol groups of proteins, which occur in cells under physiological conditions and oxidative/nitrosative stress both spontaneously and enzymatically. They are important for the regulation of the functional activity of proteins and intracellular processes. Connecting link and “switch” functions between S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation may be performed by GSNO, the generation of which depends on the GSH content, the GSH/GSSG ratio, and the cellular redox state. An important role in the regulation of these processes is played by Trx family enzymes (Trx, Grx, PDI), the activity of which is determined by the cellular redox status and depends on the GSH/GSSG ratio. In this review, we analyze data concerning the role of GSH/GSSG in the modulation of S-glutathionylation and S-nitrosylation and their relationship for the maintenance of cell viability.
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25
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Qiu Y, Tan G, Fang Y, Liu S, Zhou Y, Kumar A, Trivedi M, Liu D, Liu J. Biomedical applications of metal–organic framework (MOF)-based nano-enzymes. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj04045f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In the present review, the types and activities of nanometer-sized enzymes are summarized, with recent progress of nanometer-sized enzymes in the field of biomedical detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Guijian Tan
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yuqian Fang
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Si Liu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Yubin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
| | - Abhinav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, 226 007, India
| | - Manoj Trivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Venkateswara College, University of Delhi, NewDelhi-110021, India
| | - Dong Liu
- Shenzhen Huachuang Bio-pharmaceutical Technology Co. Ltd., Shenzhen, 518112, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Research and Development of New Medical Materials of Guangdong Medical University, School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, 523808, China
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26
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Chen
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Research Department, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, USA; Research Department, Birmingham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, USA
| | - Christopher G Kevil
- Departments of Pathology, Molecular and Cellular Physiology, and Cellular Biology and Anatomy, LSU Health Shreveport, USA.
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