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Aboalroub AA, Al Azzam KM. Protein S-Nitrosylation: A Chemical Modification with Ubiquitous Biological Activities. Protein J 2024:10.1007/s10930-024-10223-y. [PMID: 39068633 DOI: 10.1007/s10930-024-10223-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) induces protein posttranslational modification (PTM), known as S-nitrosylation, which has started to gain attention as a critical regulator of thousands of substrate proteins. However, our understanding of the biological consequences of this emerging PTM is incomplete because of the limited number of identified S-nitrosylated proteins (S-NO proteins). Recent advances in detection methods have effectively contributed to broadening the spectrum of discovered S-NO proteins. This article briefly reviews the progress in S-NO protein detection methods and discusses how these methods are involved in characterizing the biological consequences of this PTM. Additionally, we provide insight into S-NO protein-related diseases, focusing on the role of these proteins in mitigating the severity of infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A Aboalroub
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman, 19328, Jordan.
| | - Khaldun M Al Azzam
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
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2
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Tanabe TS, Bach E, D'Ermo G, Mohr MG, Hager N, Pfeiffer N, Guiral M, Dahl C. A cascade of sulfur transferases delivers sulfur to the sulfur-oxidizing heterodisulfide reductase-like complex. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5014. [PMID: 38747384 PMCID: PMC11094781 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
A heterodisulfide reductase-like complex (sHdr) and novel lipoate-binding proteins (LbpAs) are central players of a wide-spread pathway of dissimilatory sulfur oxidation. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrate that the cytoplasmic sHdr-LbpA systems are always accompanied by sets of sulfur transferases (DsrE proteins, TusA, and rhodaneses). The exact composition of these sets may vary depending on the organism and sHdr system type. To enable generalizations, we studied model sulfur oxidizers from distant bacterial phyla, that is, Aquificota and Pseudomonadota. DsrE3C of the chemoorganotrophic Alphaproteobacterium Hyphomicrobium denitrificans and DsrE3B from the Gammaproteobacteria Thioalkalivibrio sp. K90mix, an obligate chemolithotroph, and Thiorhodospira sibirica, an obligate photolithotroph, are homotrimers that donate sulfur to TusA. Additionally, the hyphomicrobial rhodanese-like protein Rhd442 exchanges sulfur with both TusA and DsrE3C. The latter is essential for sulfur oxidation in Hm. denitrificans. TusA from Aquifex aeolicus (AqTusA) interacts physiologically with AqDsrE, AqLbpA, and AqsHdr proteins. This is particularly significant as it establishes a direct link between sulfur transferases and the sHdr-LbpA complex that oxidizes sulfane sulfur to sulfite. In vivo, it is unlikely that there is a strict unidirectional transfer between the sulfur-binding enzymes studied. Rather, the sulfur transferases form a network, each with a pool of bound sulfur. Sulfur flux can then be shifted in one direction or the other depending on metabolic requirements. A single pair of sulfur-binding proteins with a preferred transfer direction, such as a DsrE3-type protein towards TusA, may be sufficient to push sulfur into the sink where it is further metabolized or needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohisa Sebastian Tanabe
- Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
- Division of Microbial EcologyUniversity of ViennaWienAustria
- Present address:
Division of Microbial Ecology, University of Vienna, Djerassiplatz 1 , A‐1030 WienKölnAustria
| | - Elena Bach
- Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
| | - Giulia D'Ermo
- CNRS, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Aix Marseille Université, IMMMarseilleFrance
| | - Marc Gregor Mohr
- Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
| | - Natalie Hager
- Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
| | - Niklas Pfeiffer
- Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
- Present address:
Labor Dr. Wisplinghoff, Horbeller Str. 18‐20KölnGermany
| | - Marianne Guiral
- CNRS, Bioénergétique et Ingénierie des Protéines, Aix Marseille Université, IMMMarseilleFrance
| | - Christiane Dahl
- Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie, Rheinische Friedrich‐Wilhelms‐Universität BonnBonnGermany
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Yang S, Cao J, Zhao C, Zhang X, Li C, Wang S, Yang X, Qiu Z, Li C, Wang J, Xue B, Shen Z. Cylindrospermopsin enhances the conjugative transfer of plasmid-mediated multi-antibiotic resistance genes through glutathione biosynthesis inhibition. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 276:116288. [PMID: 38581909 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Cylindrospermopsin (CYN), a cyanobacterial toxin, has been detected in the global water environment. However, information concerning the potential environmental risk of CYN is limited, since the majority of previous studies have mainly focused on the adverse health effects of CYN through contaminated drinking water. The present study reported that CYN at environmentally relevant levels (0.1-100 μg/L) can significantly enhance the conjugative transfer of RP4 plasmid in Escherichia coli genera, wherein application of 10 μg/L of CYN led to maximum fold change of ∼6.5- fold at 16 h of exposure. Meanwhile, evaluation of underlying mechanisms revealed that environmental concentration of CYN exposure could increase oxidative stress in the bacterial cells, resulting in ROS overproduction. In turn, this led to an upregulation of antioxidant enzyme-related genes to avoid ROS attack. Further, inhibition of the synthesis of glutathione (GSH) was also detected, which led to the rapid depletion of GSH in cells and thus triggered the SOS response and promoted the conjugative transfer process. Increase in cell membrane permeability, upregulation of expression of genes related to pilus generation, ATP synthesis, and RP4 gene expression were also observed. These results highlight the potential impact on the spread of antimicrobial resistance in water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuran Yang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jinrui Cao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Chen Zhao
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xi Zhang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Chenyu Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Shang Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Zhigang Qiu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Chao Li
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China
| | - Bin Xue
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk Assessment and Control Technology for Environment and Food Safety, Tianjin 300050, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Shen
- Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational Medicine, Tianjin 300050, China.
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Wang T, Li X, Liu H, Liu H, Xia Y, Xun L. Microorganisms uptake zero-valent sulfur via membrane lipid dissolution of octasulfur and intracellular solubilization as persulfide. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 922:170504. [PMID: 38307292 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
Zero-valent sulfur, commonly utilized as a fertilizer or fungicide, is prevalent in various environmental contexts. Its most stable and predominant form, octasulfur (S8), plays a crucial role in microbial sulfur metabolism, either through oxidation or reduction. However, the mechanism underlying its cellular uptake remains elusive. We presented evidence that zero-valent sulfur was adsorbed to the cell surface and then dissolved into the membrane lipid layer as lipid-soluble S8 molecules, which reacted with cellular low-molecular thiols to form persulfide, e.g., glutathione persulfide (GSSH), in the cytoplasm. The process brought extracellular zero-valent sulfur into the cells. When persulfide dioxygenase is present in the cells, GSSH will be oxidized. Otherwise, GSSH will react with another glutathione (GSH) to produce glutathione disulfide (GSSG) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S). The mechanism is different from simple diffusion, as insoluble S8 becomes soluble GSSH after crossing the cytoplasmic membrane. The uptake process is limited by physical contact of insoluble zero-valent sulfur with microbial cells and the regeneration of cellular thiols. Our findings elucidate the cellular uptake mechanism of zero-valent sulfur, which provides critical information for its application in agricultural practices and the bioremediation of sulfur contaminants and heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xiaoju Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7520, USA.
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Sun Y, Wang X, Li L, Zhong C, Zhang Y, Yang X, Li M, Yang C. The role of gut microbiota in intestinal disease: from an oxidative stress perspective. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1328324. [PMID: 38419631 PMCID: PMC10899708 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1328324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have indicated that gut microbiota-mediated oxidative stress is significantly associated with intestinal diseases such as colorectal cancer, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease. The level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been reported to increase when the gut microbiota is dysregulated, especially when several gut bacterial metabolites are present. Although healthy gut microbiota plays a vital role in defending against excessive oxidative stress, intestinal disease is significantly influenced by excessive ROS, and this process is controlled by gut microbiota-mediated immunological responses, DNA damage, and intestinal inflammation. In this review, we discuss the relationship between gut microbiota and intestinal disease from an oxidative stress perspective. In addition, we also provide a summary of the most recent therapeutic approaches for preventing or treating intestinal diseases by modifying gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Sun
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xurui Wang
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Orthopaedic and Traumatic, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangdong Yang
- Colorectal and Anal Surgery, Chengdu Anorectal Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Mingyue Li
- Special Needs Outpatient Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Yang
- Surgery of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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Liu H, Yu H, Gao R, Ge F, Zhao R, Lu X, Wang T, Liu H, Yang C, Xia Y, Xun L. A Zero-Valent Sulfur Transporter Helps Podophyllotoxin Uptake into Bacterial Cells in the Presence of CTAB. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 13:27. [PMID: 38247452 PMCID: PMC10812762 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Podophyllotoxin (PTOX) is naturally produced by the plant Podophyllum species. Some of its derivatives are anticancer drugs, which are produced mainly by using chemical semi-synthesis methods. Recombinant bacteria have great potential in large-scale production of the derivatives of PTOX. In addition to introducing the correct enzymes, the transportation of PTOX into the cells is an important factor, which limits its modification in the bacteria. Here, we improved the cellular uptake of PTOX into Escherichia coli with the help of the zero-valent sulfur transporter YedE1E2 in the presence of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). CTAB promoted the uptake of PTOX, but induced the production of reactive oxygen species. A protein complex (YedE1E2) of YedE1 and YedE2 enabled E. coli cells to resist CTAB by reducing reactive oxygen species, and YedE1E2 was a hypothetical transporter. Further investigation showed that YedE1E2 facilitated the uptake of extracellular zero-valent sulfur across the cytoplasmic membrane and the formation of glutathione persulfide (GSSH) inside the cells. The increased GSSH minimized oxidative stress. Our results indicate that YedE1E2 is a zero-valent sulfur transporter and it also facilitates CTAB-assisted uptake of PTOX by recombinant bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Huiyuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Rui Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Test Technology on Food Quality and Safety, Institute of Quality Standard and Testing Technology for Agro-Products, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Fulin Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Xia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Tianqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Chunyu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (H.L.); (H.Y.); (R.G.); (F.G.); (R.Z.); (X.L.); (T.W.); (H.L.); (C.Y.)
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-7520, USA
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Giedroc DP, Antelo GT, Fakhoury JN, Capdevila DA. Sensing and regulation of reactive sulfur species (RSS) in bacteria. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 76:102358. [PMID: 37399745 PMCID: PMC10526684 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
The infected host deploys generalized oxidative stress caused by small inorganic reactive molecules as antibacterial weapons. An emerging consensus is that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and forms of sulfur with sulfur-sulfur bonds termed reactive sulfur species (RSS) provide protection against oxidative stressors and antibiotics, as antioxidants. Here, we review our current understanding of RSS chemistry and its impact on bacterial physiology. We start by describing the basic chemistry of these reactive species and the experimental approaches developed to detect them in cells. We highlight the role of thiol persulfides in H2S-signaling and discuss three structural classes of ubiquitous RSS sensors that tightly regulate cellular H2S/RSS levels in bacteria, with a specific focus on the chemical specificity of these sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P Giedroc
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA; Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Giuliano T Antelo
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Joseph N Fakhoury
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405-7102, USA
| | - Daiana A Capdevila
- Fundación Instituto Leloir, Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de Buenos Aires (IIBBA-CONICET), C1405BWE Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Yu Q, Ran M, Xin Y, Liu H, Liu H, Xia Y, Xun L. The Rhodanese PspE Converts Thiosulfate to Cellular Sulfane Sulfur in Escherichia coli. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051127. [PMID: 37237993 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its oxidation product zero-valent sulfur (S0) play important roles in animals, plants, and bacteria. Inside cells, S0 exists in various forms, including polysulfide and persulfide, which are collectively referred to as sulfane sulfur. Due to the known health benefits, the donors of H2S and sulfane sulfur have been developed and tested. Among them, thiosulfate is a known H2S and sulfane sulfur donor. We have previously reported that thiosulfate is an effective sulfane sulfur donor in Escherichia coli; however, it is unclear how it converts thiosulfate to cellular sulfane sulfur. In this study, we showed that one of the various rhodaneses, PspE, in E. coli was responsible for the conversion. After the thiosulfate addition, the ΔpspE mutant did not increase cellular sulfane sulfur, but the wild type and the complemented strain ΔpspE::pspE increased cellular sulfane sulfur from about 92 μM to 220 μM and 355 μM, respectively. LC-MS analysis revealed a significant increase in glutathione persulfide (GSSH) in the wild type and the ΔpspE::pspE strain. The kinetic analysis supported that PspE was the most effective rhodanese in E. coli in converting thiosulfate to glutathione persulfide. The increased cellular sulfane sulfur alleviated the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide during E. coli growth. Although cellular thiols might reduce the increased cellular sulfane sulfur to H2S, increased H2S was not detected in the wild type. The finding that rhodanese is required to convert thiosulfate to cellular sulfane sulfur in E. coli may guide the use of thiosulfate as the donor of H2S and sulfane sulfur in human and animal tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mingxue Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yuping Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 991647520, USA
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Tang C, Li J, Shen Y, Liu M, Liu H, Liu H, Xun L, Xia Y. A sulfide-sensor and a sulfane sulfur-sensor collectively regulate sulfur-oxidation for feather degradation by Bacillus licheniformis. Commun Biol 2023; 6:167. [PMID: 36765168 PMCID: PMC9918477 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04538-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis MW3 degrades bird feathers. Feather keratin is rich in cysteine, which is metabolized to produce hazardous sulfide and sulfane sulfur. A challenge to B. licheniformis MW3 growing on feathers is to detoxify them. Here we identified a gene cluster in B. licheniformis MW3 to deal with these toxicity. The cluster contains 11 genes: the first gene yrkD encodes a repressor, the 8th and 9th genes nreB and nreC encode a two-component regulatory system, and the 10th and 11th genes encode sulfide: quinone reductase (SQR) and persulfide oxygenase (PDO). SQR and PDO collectively oxidize sulfide and sulfane sulfur to sulfite. YrkD sensed sulfane sulfur to derepress the 11 genes. The NreBC system sensed sulfide and further amplified the transcription of sqr and pdo. The two regulatory systems synergistically controlled the expression of the gene cluster, which was required for the bacterium to grow on feather. The findings highlight the necessity of removing sulfide and sulfane sulfur during feather degradation and may help with bioremediation of feather waste and sulfide pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Tang
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Li
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 People’s Republic of China ,grid.10388.320000 0001 2240 3300Present Address: Institut für Mikrobiologie & Biotechnologie of Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Yuemeng Shen
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Menghui Liu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Honglei Liu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- grid.27255.370000 0004 1761 1174State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237 People’s Republic of China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China. .,School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520, USA.
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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