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Li Y, Xu X, Wu X, Li J, Chen S, Chen D, Li G, Tang Z. Cell polarization in ischemic stroke: molecular mechanisms and advances. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:632-645. [PMID: 38886930 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a cerebrovascular disease associated with high mortality and disability rates. Since the inflammation and immune response play a central role in driving ischemic damage, it becomes essential to modulate excessive inflammatory reactions to promote cell survival and facilitate tissue repair around the injury site. Various cell types are involved in the inflammatory response, including microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils, each exhibiting distinct phenotypic profiles upon stimulation. They display either proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory states, a phenomenon known as 'cell polarization.' There are two cell polarization therapy strategies. The first involves inducing cells into a neuroprotective phenotype in vitro, then reintroducing them autologously. The second approach utilizes small molecular substances to directly affect cells in vivo. In this review, we elucidate the polarization dynamics of the three reactive cell populations (microglia, astrocytes, and neutrophils) in the context of ischemic stroke, and provide a comprehensive summary of the molecular mechanisms involved in their phenotypic switching. By unraveling the complexity of cell polarization, we hope to offer insights for future research on neuroinflammation and novel therapeutic strategies for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanwei Li
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China
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Yang Y, Li Z, Fan X, Jiang C, Wang J, Rastegar-Kashkooli Y, Wang TJ, Wang J, Wang M, Cheng N, Yuan X, Chen X, Jiang B, Wang J. Nanozymes: Potential Therapies for Reactive Oxygen Species Overproduction and Inflammation in Ischemic Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16450-16467. [PMID: 38897929 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes, which can selectively scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), have recently emerged as promising candidates for treating ischemic stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI) in preclinical models. ROS overproduction during the early phase of these diseases leads to oxidative brain damage, which has been a major cause of mortality worldwide. However, the clinical application of ROS-scavenging enzymes is limited by their short in vivo half-life and inability to cross the blood-brain barrier. Nanozymes, which mimic the catalytic function of natural enzymes, have several advantages, including cost-effectiveness, high stability, and easy storage. These advantages render them superior to natural enzymes for disease diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. This review highlights recent advancements in nanozyme applications for ischemic stroke and TBI, emphasizing their potential to mitigate the detrimental effect of ROS overproduction, oxidative brain damage, inflammation, and blood-brain barrier compromise. Therefore, nanozymes represent a promising treatment modality for ROS overproduction conditions in future medical practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfan Yang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, P. R. China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Zixiang Li
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, P. R. China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochong Fan
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Chao Jiang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Yousef Rastegar-Kashkooli
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
- School of International Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Tom J Wang
- Program in Behavioral Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Junyang Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Menglu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Cheng
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xiqian Yuan
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Bing Jiang
- Nanozyme Laboratory in Zhongyuan, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Pain Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, P. R. China
- Department of Human Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan, P. R. China
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Liu Y, Leng C, Li Y, Zhou M, Ye X, Li C, Xia X, Sun B, Shu X, Liu W. A novel p55PIK signaling peptide inhibitor alleviates neuroinflammation via the STAT3/NF-kB signaling pathway in experimental stroke. J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2024; 33:107736. [PMID: 38679216 DOI: 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2024.107736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke remains the predominant contributor to mortality and disability globally. Microglia undergo rapid activation and initiate inflammatory cascade reactions by phenotypic polarization, participating in the regulation of inflammatory injury and tissue repair post-ischemic stroke. Regulating microglia-mediated neuroinflammation is a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke. Previously, we designed and synthesized a novel p55PIK inhibitor, TAT-N15 polypeptide, which presents inhibitive activity on NF-κB signaling-mediated inflammation in acute conjunctivitis and allergic rhinitis. The present study aimed to explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of TAT-N15 on ischemia stroke. METHODS The mouse model of transient cerebral ischemia was made using the intraluminal filament method. After being treated with daily intraperitoneal injections of TAT-N15 (10 mg/kg) for 7 d, the neurological outcomes and the cerebral infarction volume were evaluated. Histopathology of the ischemia cerebral hemisphere was observed by H&E and Nissl staining. Neuronal survival, astrogliosis, and co-labeling of CD86/Iba1 and CD206/Iba1 were detected by immunofluorescence. The cell apoptosis was estimated by TUNEL staining. The expression levels of apoptosis-associated proteins, proinflammatory cytokines, protein markers of M1 and M2 microglia, and the phosphorylation of NF-κB and STAT3 proteins in the ischemic penumbra were detected by Western blot. RESULTS TAT-N15 treatment significantly decreased the infarct volume and alleviated neurological functional impairment, neuronal injury, and neuron apoptosis. Meanwhile, TAT-N15 treatment restrained the activation of microglia and astrocytes as well as the protein expression of proinflammatory cytokine in ischemic penumbra. Additionally, the administration of TAT-N15 treatment resulted in a significant reduction in the density of M1 phenotype microglia while concurrently increasing the density of M2 phenotype microglia within the ischemic penumbra. Finally, mechanical analysis unveiled that TAT-N15 exerted a substantial inhibitory effect on the protein expression of phosphorylated STAT3 and NF-κB. CONCLUSION TAT-N15 may inhibit neuroinflammation via regulating microglia activation and polarization through the STAT3/NF-κB pathway, which exhibits the neuroprotection effect in ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujing Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Changlong Leng
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Youwei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Meiling Zhou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiansheng Ye
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Chaoxing Li
- Wuhan Yicheng Biotechnology Co., Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Xianmin Xia
- Wuhan Yicheng Biotechnology Co., Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Binlian Sun
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Xiji Shu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cognitive and Affective Disorder, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China; Institute of Cerebrovascular Disease, School of Medicine, Jianghan University, Wuhan 430056, China.
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Bae M, Ngo H, Kang YJ, Lee SJ, Park W, Jo Y, Choi YM, Kim JJ, Yi HG, Kim HS, Jang J, Cho DW, Cho H. Laminin-Augmented Decellularized Extracellular Matrix Ameliorating Neural Differentiation and Neuroinflammation in Human Mini-Brains. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308815. [PMID: 38161254 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Non-neural extracellular matrix (ECM) has limited application in humanized physiological neural modeling due to insufficient brain-specificity and safety concerns. Although brain-derived ECM contains enriched neural components, certain essential components are partially lost during the decellularization process, necessitating augmentation. Here, it is demonstrated that the laminin-augmented porcine brain-decellularized ECM (P-BdECM) is xenogeneic factor-depleted as well as favorable for the regulation of human neurons, astrocytes, and microglia. P-BdECM composition is comparable to human BdECM regarding brain-specificity through the matrisome and gene ontology-biological process analysis. As augmenting strategy, laminin 111 supplement promotes neural function by synergic effect with laminin 521 in P-BdECM. Annexin A1(ANXA1) and Peroxiredoxin(PRDX) in P-BdECM stabilized microglial and astrocytic behavior under normal while promoting active neuroinflammation in response to neuropathological factors. Further, supplementation of the brain-specific molecule to non-neural matrix also ameliorated glial cell inflammation as in P-BdECM. In conclusion, P-BdECM-augmentation strategy can be used to recapitulate humanized pathophysiological cerebral environments for neurological study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihyeon Bae
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Huyen Ngo
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, South Korea
| | - You Jung Kang
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, South Korea
| | - Su-Jin Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Wonbin Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Yeonggwon Jo
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Yoo-Mi Choi
- Department of Convergence IT Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Joeng Ju Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Hee-Gyeong Yi
- Department of Convergence Biosystems Engineering, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, South Korea
| | - Hyung-Seok Kim
- Department of Forensic medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School & Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Jinah Jang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
- School of Interdisciplinary Bioscience and Bioengineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
- Institute for Convergence Research and Education in Advanced Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Woo Cho
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Hansang Cho
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Quantum Biophysics, Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, 16419, South Korea
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Wang Y, Liu Z, Li L, Zhang Z, Zhang K, Chu M, Liu Y, Mao X, Wu D, Xu D, Zhao J. Anti-ferroptosis exosomes engineered for targeting M2 microglia to improve neurological function in ischemic stroke. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:291. [PMID: 38802919 PMCID: PMC11129432 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02560-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stroke is a devastating disease affecting populations worldwide and is the primary cause of long-term disability. The inflammatory storm plays a crucial role in the progression of stroke. In the acute phase of ischemic stroke, there is a transient increase in anti-inflammatory M2 microglia followed by a rapid decline. Due to the abundant phospholipid in brain tissue, lipid peroxidation is a notable characteristic of ischemia/reperfusion (I/R), constituting a structural foundation for ferroptosis in M2 microglia. Slowing down the decrease in M2 microglia numbers and controlling the inflammatory microenvironment holds significant potential for enhancing stroke recovery. RESULTS We found that the ferroptosis inhibitor can modulate inflammatory response in MCAO mice, characterizing that the level of M2 microglia-related cytokines was increased. We then confirmed that different subtypes of microglia exhibit distinct sensitivities to I/R-induced ferroptosis. Adipose-derived stem cells derived exosome (ADSC-Exo) effectively decreased the susceptibility of M2 microglia to ferroptosis via Fxr2/Atf3/Slc7a11, suppressing the inflammatory microenvironment and promoting neuronal survival. Furthermore, through plasmid engineering, a more efficient M2 microglia-targeted exosome, termed M2pep-ADSC-Exo, was developed. In vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrated that M2pep-ADSC-Exo exhibits significant targeting specificity for M2 microglia, further inhibiting M2 microglia ferroptosis and improving neurological function in ischemic stroke mice. CONCLUSION Collectively, we illustrated a novel potential therapeutic mechanism that Fxr2 in ADSC-Exo could alleviate the M2 microglia ferroptosis via regulating Atf3/Slc7all expression, hence inhibiting the inflammatory microenvironment, improving neurofunction recovery in cerebral I/R injury. We obtained a novel exosome, M2pep-ADSC-Exo, through engineered modification, which exhibits improved targeting capabilities toward M2 microglia. This provides a new avenue for the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Zhuohang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Luyu Li
- Department of Dermatology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Zengyu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Pujiang Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Zhejiang, 322200, China
| | - Min Chu
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Xueyu Mao
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China
| | - Dongsheng Xu
- College of Rehabilitation Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 200120, China
- Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine Intelligent Rehabilitation, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 201100, China.
- Institute of Healthy Yangtze River Delta, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200001, China.
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Ma XY, Qi CY, Xu XY, Li H, Liu CD, Wen XR, Fu YY, Liu Y, Liang J, Huang CY, Li DD, Li Y, Shen QC, Qi QZ, Zhu G, Wang N, Zhou XY, Song YJ. PRDX1 Interfering Peptide Disrupts Amino Acids 70-90 of PRDX1 to Inhibit the TLR4/NF-κB Signaling Pathway and Attenuate Neuroinflammation and Ischemic Brain Injury. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04247-9. [PMID: 38780721 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04247-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke ranks among the leading causes of death and disability in humans and is accompanied by motor and cognitive impairment. However, the precise mechanisms underlying injury after stroke and effective treatment strategies require further investigation. Peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX1) triggers an extensive inflammatory cascade that plays a pivotal role in the pathology of ischemic stroke, resulting in severe brain damage from activated microglia. In the present study, we used molecular dynamics simulation and nuclear magnetic resonance to detect the interaction between PRDX1 and a specific interfering peptide. We used behavioral, morphological, and molecular experimental methods to demonstrate the effect of PRDX1-peptide on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in mice and to investigate the related mechanism. We found that PRDX1-peptide bound specifically to PRDX1 and improved motor and cognitive functions in I/R mice. In addition, pretreatment with PRDX1-peptide reduced the infarct area and decreased the number of apoptotic cells in the penumbra. Furthermore, PRDX1-peptide inhibited microglial activation and downregulated proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α through inhibition of the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway, thereby attenuating ischemic brain injury. Our findings clarify the precise mechanism underlying PRDX1-induced inflammation after ischemic stroke and suggest that the PRDX1-peptide can significantly alleviate the postischemic inflammatory response by interfering with PRDX1 amino acids 70-90 and thereby inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. Our study provides a theoretical basis for a new therapeutic strategy to treat ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Yu Ma
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Qi
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Xing-Yi Xu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Hui Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Chang-Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 00000, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiang-Ru Wen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan-Yan Fu
- Department of Cell Biology and Neurobiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jia Liang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Cheng-Yu Huang
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Dan-Dan Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Yan Li
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qian-Cheng Shen
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Qian-Zhi Qi
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Guang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, 00000, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiao-Yan Zhou
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Yuan-Jian Song
- Xuzhou Engineering Research Center of Medical Genetics and Transformation, Key Laboratory of Genetic Foundation and Clinical Application, Department of Genetics, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease Bioinformation, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
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Guan X, Zhu S, Song J, Liu K, Liu M, Xie L, Wang Y, Wu J, Xu X, Pang T. Microglial CMPK2 promotes neuroinflammation and brain injury after ischemic stroke. Cell Rep Med 2024; 5:101522. [PMID: 38701781 PMCID: PMC11148565 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2024.101522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Neuroinflammation plays a significant role in ischemic injury, which can be promoted by oxidized mitochondrial DNA (Ox-mtDNA). Cytidine/uridine monophosphate kinase 2 (CMPK2) regulates mtDNA replication, but its role in neuroinflammation and ischemic injury remains unknown. Here, we report that CMPK2 expression is upregulated in monocytes/macrophages and microglia post-stroke in humans and mice, respectively. Microglia/macrophage CMPK2 knockdown using the Cre recombination-dependent adeno-associated virus suppresses the inflammatory responses in the brain, reduces infarcts, and improves neurological outcomes in ischemic CX3CR1Cre/ERT2 mice. Mechanistically, CMPK2 knockdown limits newly synthesized mtDNA and Ox-mtDNA formation and subsequently blocks NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia/macrophages. Nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), as a CMPK2 inhibitor, is discovered to reduce neuroinflammation and ischemic injury in mice and prevent the inflammatory responses in primary human monocytes from ischemic patients. Thus, these findings identify CMPK2 as a promising therapeutic target for ischemic stroke and other brain disorders associated with neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Sitong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jinqian Song
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Kui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Mei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P.R. China
| | - Luyang Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yifang Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P.R. China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210011, P.R. China.
| | - Xiaojun Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Center for Innovative Traditional Chinese Medicine Target and New Drug Research, International Institutes of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Yiwu, Zhejiang Province 322000, P.R. China.
| | - Tao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, New Drug Screening Center, Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (Ministry of Education), China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China.
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8
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Jiang H, Hu J, He P, Wu Y, Li F, Chen Q. ADAMTS13 deficiency exacerbates neuroinflammation by targeting matrix metalloproteinase-9 in ischemic brain injury. Neuroreport 2024; 35:447-456. [PMID: 38597325 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000002017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Our design aimed to explore the potential involvement of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in the inflammatory response associated with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). We also aimed to preliminarily examine the potential impact of a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type I repeats-13 (ADAMTS13) on MMP-9 in AIS. We conducted oxygen-glucose deprivation models of microglia cells and mice models of AIS with middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). We assessed the expression pattern of MMP-9 with western blotting (WB) and real-time quantitative PCR both in vivo and in vitro. MMP-9 downregulation was achieved by using ACE inhibitors such as trandolapril. For the MCAO model, we used ADAMTS13-deficient mice. We then evaluated the related neurological function scores, cerebral edema and infarct volume. The levels of inflammation-related proteins, such as COX2 and iNOS, were assessed using WB, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines was measured via enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay in vivo. Our findings indicated that MMP-9 was up-regulated while ADAMTS13 was down-regulated in the MCAO model. Knockdown of MMP-9 reduced both inflammation and ischemic brain injury. ADAMTS13 prevented brain damage, improved neurological function and decreased the inflammation response in mice AIS models. Additionally, ADAMTS13 alleviated MMP-9-induced neuroinflammation in vivo. It showed that ADAMTS13 deficiency exacerbated ischemic brain injury through an MMP-9-dependent inflammatory mechanism. Therefore, the ADAMTS13-MMP-9 axis could have therapeutic potential for the treatment of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxiang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
- Hubei Provincial Clinical Research Center for Umbilical Cord Blood Hematopoietic Stem Cells
| | - Juntao Hu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China
| | - Peidong He
- Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, First School of Clinical Medicine of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
| | - Qianxue Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan
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Guo H, Chen LQ, Zou ZR, Cheng S, Hu Y, Mao L, Tian H, Mei XF. Zinc remodels mitochondrial network through SIRT3/Mfn2-dependent mitochondrial transfer in ameliorating spinal cord injury. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 968:176368. [PMID: 38316246 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a traumatic neuropathic condition that results in motor, sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Mitochondrial dysfunction caused by primary trauma is one of the critical pathogenic mechanisms. Moderate levels of zinc have antioxidant effects, promote neurogenesis and immune responses. Zinc normalises mitochondrial morphology in neurons after SCI. However, how zinc protects mitochondria within neurons is unknown. In the study, we used transwell culture, Western blot, Quantitative Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction (QRT-PCR), ATP content detection, reactive oxygen species (ROS) activity assay, flow cytometry and immunostaining to investigate the relationship between zinc-treated microglia and injured neurons through animal and cell experiments. We found that zinc promotes mitochondrial transfer from microglia to neurons after SCI through Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) regulation of Mitofusin 2 protein (Mfn2). It can rescue mitochondria in damaged neurons and inhibit oxidative stress, increase ATP levels and promote neuronal survival. Therefore, it can improve the recovery of motor function in SCI mice. In conclusion, our work reveals a potential mechanism to describe the communication between microglia and neurons after SCI, which may provide a new idea for future therapeutic approaches to SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Guo
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Li-Qing Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Zhi-Ru Zou
- Pharmacy School, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Shuai Cheng
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Yu Hu
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Liang Mao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - He Tian
- School of Basic Medicine, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China; Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
| | - Xi-Fan Mei
- Liaoning Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center of Medical Testing and Drug Research, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China.
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10
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Lan Z, Qu L, Liang Y, Chen L, Xu S, Ge J, Xue Z, Bao X, Xia S, Yang H, Huang J, Xu Y, Zhu X. AZD1390, an ataxia telangiectasia mutated inhibitor, attenuates microglia-mediated neuroinflammation and ischemic brain injury. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14696. [PMID: 38668740 PMCID: PMC11048048 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Excessive neuroinflammation mediated mainly by microglia plays a crucial role in ischemic stroke. AZD1390, an ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) specific inhibitor, has been shown to promote radio-sensitization and survival in central nervous system malignancies, while the role of AZD1390 in ischemic stroke remains unknown. METHODS Real-time PCR, western blot, immunofluorescence staining, flow cytometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to assess the activation of microglia and the release of inflammatory cytokines. Behavioral tests were performed to measure neurological deficits. 2,3,5-Triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining was conducted to assess the infarct volume. The activation of NF-κB signaling pathway was explored through immunofluorescence staining, western blot, co-immunoprecipitation and proximity ligation assay. RESULTS The level of pro-inflammation cytokines and activation of NF-κB signaling pathway was suppressed by AZD1390 in vitro and in vivo. The behavior deficits and infarct size were partially restored with AZD1390 treatment in experimental stroke. AZD1390 restrict ubiquitylation and sumoylation of the essential regulatory subunit of NF-κB (NEMO) in an ATM-dependent and ATM-independent way respectively, which reduced the activation of the NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION AZD1390 suppressed NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate ischemic brain injury in experimental stroke, and attenuated microglia activation and neuroinflammation, which indicated that AZD1390 might be an attractive agent for the treatment of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Lan
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Long‐jie Qu
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Ying Liang
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Li‐qiu Chen
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Shuai Xu
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jian‐wei Ge
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Zhi‐wei Xue
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xin‐yu Bao
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical DiseasesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical CenterNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Sheng‐nan Xia
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical DiseasesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical CenterNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Hai‐yan Yang
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical DiseasesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical CenterNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical DiseasesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical CenterNanjingJiangsuChina
| | - Xiao‐lei Zhu
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Clinical College of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese MedicineNanjingJiangsuChina
- Department of NeurologyNanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolNanjingJiangsuChina
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical DiseasesNanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular MedicineMedical School of Nanjing UniversityNanjingJiangsuChina
- Nanjing Neuropsychiatry Clinic Medical CenterNanjingJiangsuChina
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11
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Zhang HN, Xiao WQ, Lee DH, Li N, Feng YY, Su T, Gu HY, Yoon I, Jung H, Lee KH, Cho HJ, Han YH, Sun HN, Kwon T. Cisplatin Induces Kidney Cell Death via ROS-dependent MAPK Signaling Pathways by Targeting Peroxiredoxin I and II in African Green Monkey ( Chlorocebus aethiops sabaeus) Kidney Cells. In Vivo 2024; 38:630-639. [PMID: 38418129 PMCID: PMC10905483 DOI: 10.21873/invivo.13482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Cisplatin [cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), CDDP] is a widely used and effective antitumor drug in clinical settings, notorious for its nephrotoxic side effects. This study investigated the mechanisms of CDDP-induced damage in African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells, with a focus on the role of Peroxiredoxin I (Prx I) and Peroxiredoxin II (Prx II) of the peroxiredoxin (Prx) family, which scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS). MATERIALS AND METHODS We utilized the Vero cell line derived from African green monkey kidneys and exposed these cells to various concentrations of CDDP. Cell viability, apoptosis, ROS levels, and mitochondrial membrane potential were assessed. RESULTS CDDP significantly compromised Vero cell viability by elevating both cellular and mitochondrial ROS, which led to increased apoptosis. Pretreatment with the ROS scavenger N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) effectively reduced CDDP-induced ROS accumulation and subsequent cell apoptosis. Furthermore, CDDP reduced Prx I and Prx II levels in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The inhibition of Prx I and II exacerbated cell death, implicating their role in CDDP-induced accumulation of cellular ROS. Additionally, CDDP enhanced the phosphorylation of MAPKs (p38, ERK, and JNK) without affecting AKT. The inhibition of these pathways significantly attenuated CDDP-induced apoptosis. CONCLUSION The study highlights the involvement of Prx proteins in CDDP-induced nephrotoxicity and emphasizes the central role of ROS in cell death mediation. These insights offer promising avenues for developing clinical interventions to mitigate the nephrotoxic effects of CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Na Zhang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Wan-Qiu Xiao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Dong Hun Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Research Center of Ecomimetics, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Nan Li
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Yao-Yuan Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Ting Su
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Han-Yu Gu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Ijoo Yoon
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haiyoung Jung
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Aging Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Lee
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Jun Cho
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Immunotherapy Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ying-Hao Han
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China
| | - Hu-Nan Sun
- College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, P.R. China;
| | - Taeho Kwon
- Department of Functional Genomics, KRIBB School of Bioscience, Korea National University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea;
- Primate Resources Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
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12
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Chang C, Wang Y, Wang R, Bao X. Considering Context-Specific microRNAs in Ischemic Stroke with Three "W": Where, When, and What. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04051-5. [PMID: 38381296 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04051-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs are short non-coding RNA molecules that function as critical regulators of various biological processes through negative regulation of gene expression post-transcriptionally. Recent studies have indicated that microRNAs are potential biomarkers for ischemic stroke. In this review, we first illustrate the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke and demonstrate the biogenesis and transportation of microRNAs from cells. We then discuss several promising microRNA biomarkers in ischemic stroke in a context-specific manner from three dimensions: biofluids selection for microRNA extraction (Where), the timing of sample collection after ischemic stroke onset (When), and the clinical application of the differential-expressed microRNAs during stroke pathophysiology (What). We show that microRNAs have the utilities in ischemic stroke diagnosis, risk stratification, subtype classification, prognosis prediction, and treatment response monitoring. However, there are also obstacles in microRNA biomarker research, and this review will discuss the possible ways to improve microRNA biomarkers. Overall, microRNAs have the potential to assist clinical treatment, and developing microRNA panels for clinical application is worthwhile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuheng Chang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
- M.D. Program, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Youyang Wang
- Department of General Practice (General Internal Medicine), Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Renzhi Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xinjie Bao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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13
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Han F. N6-methyladenosine modification in ischemic stroke: Functions, regulation, and therapeutic potential. Heliyon 2024; 10:e25192. [PMID: 38317953 PMCID: PMC10840115 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is the most frequently occurring internal modification in eukaryotic RNAs. By modulating various aspects of the RNA life cycle, it has been implicated in a wide range of pathological and physiological processes associated with human diseases. Ischemic stroke is a major cause of death and disability worldwide with few treatment options and a narrow therapeutic window, and accumulating evidence has indicated the involvement of m6A modifications in the development and progression of this type of stroke. In this review, which provides insights for the prevention and clinical treatment of stroke, we present an overview of the roles played by m6A modification in ischemic stroke from three main perspectives: (1) the association of m6A modification with established risk factors for stroke, including hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, obesity, and heart disease; (2) the roles of m6A modification regulators and their functional regulation in the pathophysiological injury mechanisms of stroke, namely oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, endothelial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and cell death processes; and (3) the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of m6A regulators in the treatment of stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100730, China
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14
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Zhang LM, Liang XL, Xiong GF, Xing XL, Zhang QJ, Zhang BR, Liu MW. Analysis and identification of oxidative stress-ferroptosis related biomarkers in ischemic stroke. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3803. [PMID: 38360841 PMCID: PMC10869843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54555-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Studies have shown that a series of molecular events caused by oxidative stress is associated with ferroptosis and oxidation after ischemic stroke (IS). Differential analysis was performed to identify differentially expressed mRNA (DEmRNAs) between IS and control groups. Critical module genes were identified using weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). DEmRNAs, critical module genes, oxidative stress-related genes (ORGs), and ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) were crossed to screen for intersection mRNAs. Candidate mRNAs were screened based on the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and the MCODE plug-in. Biomarkers were identified based on two types of machine learning algorithms, and the intersection was obtained. Functional items and related pathways of the biomarkers were identified using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). Finally, single-sample GSEA (ssGSEA) and Wilcoxon tests were used to identify differential immune cells. An miRNA-mRNA-TF network was created. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to verify the expression levels of biomarkers in the IS and control groups. There were 8287 DE mRNAs between the IS and control groups. The genes in the turquoise module were selected as critical module genes for IS. Thirty intersecting mRNAs were screened for overlaps. Seventeen candidate mRNAs were also identified. Four biomarkers (CDKN1A, GPX4, PRDX1, and PRDX6) were identified using two types of machine-learning algorithms. GSEA results indicated that the biomarkers were associated with steroid biosynthesis. Nine types of immune cells (activated B cells and neutrophils) were markedly different between the IS and control groups. We identified 3747 miRNA-mRNA-TF regulatory pairs in the miRNA-mRNA-TF regulatory network, including hsa-miR-4469-CDKN1A-BACH2 and hsa-miR-188-3p-GPX4-ATF2. CDKN1A, PRDX1, and PRDX6 were upregulated in IS samples compared with control samples. This study suggests that four biomarkers (CDKN1A, GPX4, PRDX1, and PRDX6) are significantly associated with IS. This study provides a new reference for the diagnosis and treatment of IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Ming Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xing-Ling Liang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Gui-Fei Xiong
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Xuan-Lin Xing
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiu-Juan Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Bing-Ran Zhang
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Ming-Wei Liu
- Department of Emergency, People's Hospital of Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, No. 35 Renmin South Road, Xiaguan Street, Dalí, 671000, Yunnan, China.
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Garcia-Bonilla L, Shahanoor Z, Sciortino R, Nazarzoda O, Racchumi G, Iadecola C, Anrather J. Analysis of brain and blood single-cell transcriptomics in acute and subacute phases after experimental stroke. Nat Immunol 2024; 25:357-370. [PMID: 38177281 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-023-01711-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia triggers a powerful inflammatory reaction involving peripheral leukocytes and brain resident cells that contribute to both tissue injury and repair. However, their dynamics and diversity remain poorly understood. To address these limitations, we performed a single-cell transcriptomic study of brain and blood cells 2 or 14 days after ischemic stroke in mice. We observed a strong divergence of post-ischemic microglia, monocyte-derived macrophages and neutrophils over time, while endothelial cells and brain-associated macrophages showed altered transcriptomic signatures at 2 days poststroke. Trajectory inference predicted the in situ trans-differentiation of macrophages from blood monocytes into day 2 and day 14 phenotypes, while neutrophils were projected to be continuously de novo recruited from the blood. Brain single-cell transcriptomes from both female and male aged mice were similar to that of young male mice, but aged and young brains differed in their immune cell composition. Although blood leukocyte analysis also revealed altered transcriptomes after stroke, brain-infiltrating leukocytes displayed higher transcriptomic divergence than their circulating counterparts, indicating that phenotypic diversification occurs within the brain in the early and recovery phases of ischemic stroke. A portal ( https://anratherlab.shinyapps.io/strokevis/ ) is provided to allow user-friendly access to our data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Garcia-Bonilla
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Ziasmin Shahanoor
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rose Sciortino
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Omina Nazarzoda
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gianfranco Racchumi
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Josef Anrather
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Lu W, Wen J. Crosstalk Among Glial Cells in the Blood-Brain Barrier Injury After Ischemic Stroke. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-03939-6. [PMID: 38279077 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-03939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is comprised of brain microvascular endothelial cells (ECs), astrocytes, perivascular microglia, pericytes, neuronal processes, and the basal lamina. As a complex and dynamic interface between the blood and the central nervous system (CNS), BBB is responsible for transporting nutrients essential for the normal metabolism of brain cells and hinders many toxic compounds entering into the CNS. The loss of BBB integrity following stroke induces tissue damage, inflammation, edema, and neural dysfunction. Thus, BBB disruption is an important pathophysiological process of acute ischemic stroke. Understanding the mechanism underlying BBB disruption can uncover more promising biological targets for developing treatments for ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke-induced activation of microglia and astrocytes leads to increased production of inflammatory mediators, containing chemokines, cytokines, matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), etc., which are important factors in the pathological process of BBB breakdown. In this review, we discussed the current knowledges about the vital and dual roles of astrocytes and microglia on the BBB breakdown during ischemic stroke. Specifically, we provided an updated overview of phenotypic transformation of microglia and astrocytes, as well as uncovered the crosstalk among astrocyte, microglia, and oligodendrocyte in the BBB disruption following ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhuo Lu
- Medical Branch, Hefei Technology College, Hefei, China
| | - Jiyue Wen
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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17
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Zheng Y, Zhu T, Li G, Xu L, Zhang Y. PCSK9 inhibitor protects against ischemic cerebral injury by attenuating inflammation via the GPNMB/CD44 pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 126:111195. [PMID: 38048667 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic stroke is the second leading cause of death worldwide, and neuroinflammation has been recognized as a critical player in its progression. Meanwhile, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 inhibitor (PCSK9i) has been demonstrated to inhibit inflammatory response. However, the effects of PCSK9i on ischemic stroke remain unclear and require further investigation. METHODS Temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) was performed to establish animal models of ischemic stroke in C57BL/6 mice. The PCSK9i were administered subcutaneously after 2 h tMCAO. Neurological function and cerebral infarct volume were measured by mNSS and TTC staining, respectively. RNA-seq was performed to investigate the changes in mechanistic pathways. Western blotting and immunofluorescence were applied to detect expression of GPNMB, CD44, IL-6, and iNOS. RESULTS Treatment with PCSK9i significantly improved neurological deficits and reduced the volume of cerebral infarction. PCSK9i suppressed neuroinflammation by activating the GPNMB/CD44 signaling pathway, further exerting their protective effects. CONCLUSION Taken together, treatment with PCSK9i is an effective way to prevent ischemic stroke-induced brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianrui Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Luran Xu
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
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18
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Deng X, Hu Z, Zhou S, Wu Y, Fu M, Zhou C, Sun J, Gao X, Huang Y. Perspective from single-cell sequencing: Is inflammation in acute ischemic stroke beneficial or detrimental? CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14510. [PMID: 37905592 PMCID: PMC10805403 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a common cerebrovascular event associated with high incidence, disability, and poor prognosis. Studies have shown that various cell types, including microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, and neutrophils, play complex roles in the early stages of AIS and significantly affect its prognosis. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the mechanisms of action of these cells will be beneficial for improving stroke prognosis. With the rapid development of single-cell sequencing technology, researchers have explored the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying AIS at the single-cell level. METHOD We systematically summarize the latest research on single-cell sequencing in AIS. RESULT In this review, we summarize the phenotypes and functions of microglia, astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, neurons, neutrophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes, as well as their respective subtypes, at different time points following AIS. In particular, we focused on the crosstalk between microglia and astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, and neurons. Our findings reveal diverse and sometimes opposing roles within the same cell type, with the possibility of interconversion between different subclusters. CONCLUSION This review offers a pioneering exploration of the functions of various glial cells and cell subclusters after AIS, shedding light on their regulatory mechanisms that facilitate the transformation of detrimental cell subclusters towards those that are beneficial for improving the prognosis of AIS. This approach has the potential to advance the discovery of new specific targets and the development of drugs, thus representing a significant breakthrough in addressing the challenges in AIS treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinpeng Deng
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Ziliang Hu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Shengjun Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Yiwen Wu
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Menglin Fu
- School of Economics and ManagementChina University of GeosciencesWuhanChina
| | - Chenhui Zhou
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Jie Sun
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Yi Huang
- Department of NeurosurgeryThe First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
- Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
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19
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Wang Y, Yin Q, Yang D, Jin H, Yao Y, Song J, Liu C, Nie Y, Yin H, Wang W, Xu B, Xue L, Ji X, Chen X, Zhao H. LCP1 knockdown in monocyte-derived macrophages: mitigating ischemic brain injury and shaping immune cell signaling and metabolism. Theranostics 2024; 14:159-175. [PMID: 38164159 PMCID: PMC10750214 DOI: 10.7150/thno.88678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Ischemic stroke poses a significant health burden with limited treatment options. Lymphocyte Cytosolic Protein 1 (LCP1) facilitates cell migration and immune responses by aiding in actin polymerization, cytoskeletal rearrangements, and phagocytosis. We have demonstrated that the long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) Maclpil silencing in monocyte-derived macrophages (MoDMs) led to LCP1 inhibition, reducing ischemic brain damage. However, the role of LCP1 of MoDMs in ischemic stroke remains unknown. Methods and Results: We investigated the impact of LCP1 on ischemic brain injury and immune cell signaling and metabolism. We found that knockdown of LCP1 in MoDMs demonstrated robust protection against ischemic infarction and improved neurological behaviors in mice. Utilizing the high-dimensional CyTOF technique, we demonstrated that knocking down LCP1 in MoDMs led to a reduction in neuroinflammation and attenuation of lymphopenia, which is linked to immunodepression. It also showed altered immune cell signaling by modulating the phosphorylation levels of key kinases and transcription factors, including p-PLCg2, p-ERK1/2, p-EGFR, p-AKT, and p4E-BP1 as well as transcription factors like p-STAT1, p-STAT3, and p-STAT4. Further bioinformatic analysis indicated that Akt and EGFR are particularly involved in fatty acid metabolism and glycolysis. Indeed, single-cell sequencing analysis confirmed that enrichment of fatty acid and glycolysis metabolism in Lcp1high monocytes/macrophages. Furthermore, Lcp1high cells exhibited enhanced oxidative phosphorylation, chemotaxis, migration, and ATP biosynthesis pathways. In vitro experiments confirmed the role of LCP1 in regulating mitochondrial function and fatty acid uptake. Conclusions: These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of LCP1 in the context of ischemic stroke and provide valuable insights into potential therapeutic strategies targeting LCP1 and metabolic pathways, aiming to attenuating neuroinflammation and lymphopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, MSLS Building, Stanford, USA
| | - Qianqian Yin
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Decao Yang
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Jin
- The Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education, The College of forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, MSLS Building, Stanford, USA
| | - Jibing Song
- College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, China
| | - Cuiying Liu
- School of Nursing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Nie
- Fuwai Hospital, National Centre for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Yin
- Organ Transplant Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Cell Transplantation and Gene Therapy Institute, The Third Xiang Ya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Engineering and Technology Research Center for Xenotransplantation of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Baohui Xu
- Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1201 Welch Road, MSLS Building, Stanford, USA
| | - Lixiang Xue
- Institute of Medical Innovation and Research, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xunming Ji
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chen
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Nanomedicine Translational Research Program, NUS Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Heng Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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20
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Bormann D, Knoflach M, Poreba E, Riedl CJ, Testa G, Orset C, Levilly A, Cottereau A, Jauk P, Hametner S, Golabi B, Copic D, Klas K, Direder M, Kühtreiber H, Salek M, zur Nedden S, Baier-Bitterlich G, Kiechl S, Haider C, Endmayr V, Höftberger R, Ankersmit HJ, Mildner M. Single nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell type-specific responses to ischemic stroke. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.26.573302. [PMID: 38234821 PMCID: PMC10793395 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.26.573302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Reactive neuroglia critically shape the braińs response to ischemic stroke. However, their phenotypic heterogeneity impedes a holistic understanding of the cellular composition and microenvironment of the early ischemic lesion. Here we generated a single cell resolution transcriptomics dataset of the injured brain during the acute recovery from permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. This approach unveiled infarction and subtype specific molecular signatures in oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes, which ranged among the most transcriptionally perturbed cell types in our dataset. Specifically, we characterized and compared infarction restricted proliferating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), mature oligodendrocytes and heterogeneous reactive astrocyte populations. Our analyses unveiled unexpected commonalities in the transcriptional response of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes to ischemic injury. Moreover, OPCs and reactive astrocytes were involved in a shared immuno-glial cross talk with stroke specific myeloid cells. In situ, osteopontin positive myeloid cells accumulated in close proximity to proliferating OPCs and reactive astrocytes, which expressed the osteopontin receptor CD44, within the perilesional zone specifically. In vitro, osteopontin increased the migratory capacity of OPCs. Collectively, our study highlights molecular cross talk events which might govern the cellular composition and microenvironment of infarcted brain tissue in the early stages of recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Bormann
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Knoflach
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Emilia Poreba
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian J. Riedl
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Giulia Testa
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Cyrille Orset
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Anthony Levilly
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Andreá Cottereau
- Normandie University, UNICAEN, ESR3P, INSERM UMR-S U1237, Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders (PhIND), GIP Cyceron, Institut Blood and Brain @ Caen-Normandie (BB@C), Caen, France
- Department of Clinical Research, Caen-Normandie University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - Philipp Jauk
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Center for Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Simon Hametner
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Bahar Golabi
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Dragan Copic
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Nephrology and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Katharina Klas
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Direder
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hannes Kühtreiber
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Melanie Salek
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stephanie zur Nedden
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry, CCB-Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriele Baier-Bitterlich
- Institute of Neurobiochemistry, CCB-Biocenter, Medical University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Stefan Kiechl
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- VASCage, Research Centre on Vascular Ageing and Stroke, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Carmen Haider
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Endmayr
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Romana Höftberger
- Division of Neuropathology and Neurochemistry, Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hendrik J. Ankersmit
- Applied Immunology Laboratory, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Aposcience AG, 1200 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Mildner
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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21
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Yu G, Chen Q, Chen J, Liao X, Xie H, Zhao Y, Liu J, Sun J, Chen S. Gut microbiota alterations are associated with functional outcomes in patients of acute ischemic stroke with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1327499. [PMID: 38178834 PMCID: PMC10765497 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1327499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequently have poor prognosis. Many evidences suggested that the changes in gut microbiota may play an important role in the occurrence and development of AIS patients with NAFLD. The purpose of this study was to explore microbial characteristics in patients of AIS with NAFLD, and the correlation between gut microbiota and functional outcomes. Methods The patients of AIS were recruited and divided into NAFLD group and non-NAFLD group. The stool samples and clinical information were collected. 16 s rRNA sequencing was used to analyze the characteristics of gut microbiota. The patients of AIS with NAFLD were followed-up to evaluate the functional outcomes of disease. The adverse outcomes were determined by modified Rankin scale (mRS) scores at 3 months after stroke. The diagnostic performance of microbial marker in predicting adverse outcomes was assessed by recipient operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results Our results showed that the composition of gut microbiota between non-NAFLD group and NAFLD group were different. The characteristic bacteria in the patients of AIS with NAFLD was that the relative abundance of Dorea, Dialister, Intestinibacter and Flavonifractor were decreased, while the relative abundance of Enorma was increased. Moreover, the characteristic microbiota was correlated with many clinical parameters, such as mRS scores, mean arterial pressure and fasting blood glucose level. In addition, ROC models based on the characteristic microbiota or the combination of characteristic microbiota with independent risk factors could distinguish functional dependence patients and functional independence patients in AIS with NAFLD (area under curve is 0.765 and 0.882 respectively). Conclusion These findings revealed the microbial characteristics in patients of AIS with NAFLD, and further demonstrated the predictive capability of characteristic microbiota for adverse outcomes in patients of AIS with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaojie Yu
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qionglei Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolan Liao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huijia Xie
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yiting Zhao
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Management, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songfang Chen
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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22
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Li H, Liu P, Zhang B, Yuan Z, Guo M, Zou X, Qian Y, Deng S, Zhu L, Cao X, Tao T, Xia S, Bao X, Xu Y. Acute ischemia induces spatially and transcriptionally distinct microglial subclusters. Genome Med 2023; 15:109. [PMID: 38082331 PMCID: PMC10712107 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-023-01257-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Damage in the ischemic core and penumbra after stroke affects patient prognosis. Microglia immediately respond to ischemic insult and initiate immune inflammation, playing an important role in the cellular injury after stroke. However, the microglial heterogeneity and the mechanisms involved remain unclear. METHODS We first performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and spatial transcriptomics (ST) on middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice from three time points to determine stroke-associated microglial subclusters and their spatial distributions. Furthermore, the expression of microglial subcluster-specific marker genes and the localization of different microglial subclusters were verified on MCAO mice through RNAscope and immunofluorescence. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) was performed to reveal functional characteristics of microglia sub-clusters. Additionally, ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to explore upstream regulators of microglial subclusters, which was confirmed by immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, shRNA-mediated knockdown, and targeted metabolomics. Finally, the infarct size, neurological deficits, and neuronal apoptosis were evaluated in MCAO mice after manipulation of specific microglial subcluster. RESULTS We discovered stroke-associated microglial subclusters in the brains of MCAO mice. We also identified novel marker genes of these microglial subclusters and defined these cells as ischemic core-associated (ICAM) and ischemic penumbra-associated (IPAM) microglia, according to their spatial distribution. ICAM, induced by damage-associated molecular patterns, are probably fueled by glycolysis, and exhibit increased pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines production. BACH1 is a key transcription factor driving ICAM generation. In contrast, glucocorticoids, which are enriched in the penumbra, likely trigger IPAM formation, which are presumably powered by the citrate cycle and oxidative phosphorylation and are characterized by moderate pro-inflammatory responses, inflammation-alleviating metabolic features, and myelinotrophic properties. CONCLUSIONS ICAM could induce excessive neuroinflammation, aggravating brain injury, whereas IPAM probably exhibit neuroprotective features, which could be essential for the homeostasis and survival of cells in the penumbra. Our findings provide a biological basis for targeting specific microglial subclusters as a potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiya Li
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Pinyi Liu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Zengqiang Yuan
- The Brain Science Centre, Beijing Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100850, China
- Centre of Alzheimer's Disease, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Mengdi Guo
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinxin Zou
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yi Qian
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shiji Deng
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Liwen Zhu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xiang Cao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Tao Tao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Shengnan Xia
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Xinyu Bao
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School and The State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Institute of Translational Medicine for Brain Critical Diseases, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Discipline of Neurology, Nanjing, 210008, China.
- Nanjing Neurology Medical Centre, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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23
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Quan H, Zhang R. Microglia dynamic response and phenotype heterogeneity in neural regeneration following hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1320271. [PMID: 38094292 PMCID: PMC10716326 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1320271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxic-ischemic brain injury poses a significant threat to the neural niche within the central nervous system. In response to this pathological process, microglia, as innate immune cells in the central nervous system, undergo rapid morphological, molecular and functional changes. Here, we comprehensively review these dynamic changes in microglial response to hypoxic-ischemic brain injury under pathological conditions, including stroke, chronic intermittent hypoxia and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. We focus on the regulation of signaling pathways under hypoxic-ischemic brain injury and further describe the process of microenvironment remodeling and neural tissue regeneration mediated by microglia after hypoxic-ischemic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxin Quan
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Runrui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Institute of Primate Translational Medicine, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Primate Biomedical Research, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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24
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Awuah WA, Ahluwalia A, Ghosh S, Roy S, Tan JK, Adebusoye FT, Ferreira T, Bharadwaj HR, Shet V, Kundu M, Yee ALW, Abdul-Rahman T, Atallah O. The molecular landscape of neurological disorders: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing in neurology and neurosurgery. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:529. [PMID: 37974227 PMCID: PMC10652629 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a transformative technology in neurological and neurosurgical research, revolutionising our comprehension of complex neurological disorders. In brain tumours, scRNA-seq has provided valuable insights into cancer heterogeneity, the tumour microenvironment, treatment resistance, and invasion patterns. It has also elucidated the brain tri-lineage cancer hierarchy and addressed limitations of current models. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have been molecularly subtyped, dysregulated pathways have been identified, and potential therapeutic targets have been revealed using scRNA-seq. In epilepsy, scRNA-seq has explored the cellular and molecular heterogeneity underlying the condition, uncovering unique glial subpopulations and dysregulation of the immune system. ScRNA-seq has characterised distinct cellular constituents and responses to spinal cord injury in spinal cord diseases, as well as provided molecular signatures of various cell types and identified interactions involved in vascular remodelling. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has shed light on the molecular complexities of cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke, providing insights into specific genes, cell-specific expression patterns, and potential therapeutic interventions. This review highlights the potential of scRNA-seq in guiding precision medicine approaches, identifying clinical biomarkers, and facilitating therapeutic discovery. However, challenges related to data analysis, standardisation, sample acquisition, scalability, and cost-effectiveness need to be addressed. Despite these challenges, scRNA-seq has the potential to transform clinical practice in neurological and neurosurgical research by providing personalised insights and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wireko Andrew Awuah
- Faculty of Medicine, Sumy State University, Zamonstanksya 7, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
| | | | - Shankaneel Ghosh
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sakshi Roy
- School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | - Tomas Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Vallabh Shet
- Faculty of Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mrinmoy Kundu
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Toufik Abdul-Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, Sumy State University, Zamonstanksya 7, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
| | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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25
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Wang R, Li H, Ling C, Zhang X, Lu J, Luan W, Zhang J, Shi L. A novel phenotype of B cells associated with enhanced phagocytic capability and chemotactic function after ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res 2023; 18:2413-2423. [PMID: 37282471 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.371365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence has demonstrated the involvement of B cells in neuroinflammation and neuroregeneration. However, the role of B cells in ischemic stroke remains unclear. In this study, we identified a novel phenotype of macrophage-like B cells in brain-infiltrating immune cells expressing a high level of CD45. Macrophage-like B cells characterized by co-expression of B-cell and macrophage markers, showed stronger phagocytic and chemotactic functions compared with other B cells and showed upregulated expression of phagocytosis-related genes. Gene Ontology analysis found that the expression of genes associated with phagocytosis, including phagosome- and lysosome-related genes, was upregulated in macrophage-like B cells. The phagocytic activity of macrophage-like B cells was verified by immunostaining and three-dimensional reconstruction, in which TREM2-labeled macrophage-like B cells enwrapped and internalized myelin debris after cerebral ischemia. Cell-cell interaction analysis revealed that macrophage-like B cells released multiple chemokines to recruit peripheral immune cells mainly via CCL pathways. Single-cell RNA sequencing showed that the transdifferentiation to macrophage-like B cells may be induced by specific upregulation of the transcription factor CEBP family to the myeloid lineage and/or by downregulation of the transcription factor Pax5 to the lymphoid lineage. Furthermore, this distinct B cell phenotype was detected in brain tissues from mice or patients with traumatic brain injury, Alzheimer's disease, and glioblastoma. Overall, these results provide a new perspective on the phagocytic capability and chemotactic function of B cells in the ischemic brain. These cells may serve as an immunotherapeutic target for regulating the immune response of ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huaming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chenhan Ling
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaotao Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianan Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Weimin Luan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianmin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Brain Research Institute, Zhejiang University; Stroke Research Center for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ligen Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
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Wang X, Chen H, Song F, Zuo K, Chen X, Zhang X, Liang L, Ta Q, Zhang L, Li J. Resveratrol: a potential medication for the prevention and treatment of varicella zoster virus-induced ischemic stroke. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:400. [PMID: 37794518 PMCID: PMC10552394 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01291-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection rate of varicella zoster virus (VZV) is 95% in humans, and VZV infection is strongly associated with ischemic stroke (IS). However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of VZV-induced IS are still unclear, and there are no effective agents to treat and prevent VZV-induced IS. OBJECTIVE By integrating bioinformatics, this study explored the interactions between VZV and IS and potential medication to treat and prevent VZV-induced IS. METHODS In this study, the VZV and IS datasets from the GEO database were used to specify the common genes. Then, bioinformatics analysis including Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes Genomes and Protein-Protein Interaction network analysis was performed. Further, the hub genes, transcription factor (TF) gene interactions, TF-miRNA co-regulatory network and potential drug were obtained. Finally, validation was performed using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations. RESULTS The potential molecular mechanisms of VZV-induced IS were studied using multiple bioinformatics tools. Ten hub genes were COL1A2, DCN, PDGFRB, ACTA2, etc. TF genes and miRNAs included JUN, FOS, CREB, BRCA1, PPARG, STAT3, miR-29, etc. A series of mechanism may be involved, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier disruption, foam cell generation and among others. Finally, we proposed resveratrol as a potential therapeutic medicine for the prevention and treatment of VZV-induced IS. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics results showed that resveratrol and hub genes exhibited strong binding score. CONCLUSIONS Resveratrol could be an alternative for the prevention and treatment of VZV-IS. More in vivo and in vitro studies are needed in the future to fully explore the molecular mechanisms between VZV and IS and for medication development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Wang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Neurovascular Surgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Feiyu Song
- Jilin Connell Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, JilinJilin, 132013, China
| | - Kuiyang Zuo
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Chen
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Lanqian Liang
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China
| | - Qiyi Ta
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
| | - Jinhua Li
- School of Public Health, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, Jilin, China.
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27
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Fan PL, Wang SS, Chu SF, Chen NH. Time-dependent dual effect of microglia in ischemic stroke. Neurochem Int 2023; 169:105584. [PMID: 37454817 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2023.105584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Stroke, the third leading cause of death and disability worldwide, is classified into ischemic or hemorrhagic, in which approximately 85% of strokes are ischemic. Ischemic stroke occurs as a result of arterial occlusion due to embolus or thrombus, with ischemia in the perfusion territory supplied by the occluded artery. The traditional concept that ischemic stroke is solely a vascular occlusion disorder has been expanded to include the dynamic interaction between microglia, astrocytes, neurons, vascular cells, and matrix components forming the "neurovascular unit." Acute ischemic stroke triggers a wide spectrum of neurovascular disturbances, glial activation, and secondary neuroinflammation that promotes further injury, ultimately resulting in neuronal death. Microglia, as the resident macrophages in the central nervous system, is one of the first responders to ischemic injury and plays a significant role in post-ischemic neuroinflammation. In this review, we reviewed the mechanisms of microglia in multiple stages of post-ischemic neuroinflammation development, including acute, sub-acute and chronic phases of stroke. A comprehensive understanding of the dynamic variation and the time-dependent role of microglia in post-stroke neuroinflammation could aid in the search for more effective therapeutics and diagnostic strategies for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping-Long Fan
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Sha-Sha Wang
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China
| | - Shi-Feng Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Nai-Hong Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510405, China; State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica & Neuroscience Center, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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28
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Zhang YY, Peng JJ, Chen D, Liu HQ, Yao BF, Peng J, Luo XJ. Telaprevir Improves Memory and Cognition in Mice Suffering Ischemic Stroke via Targeting MALT1-Mediated Calcium Overload and Necroptosis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2023; 14:3113-3124. [PMID: 37559405 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma translocation protein 1 (MALT1) has been confirmed to contribute to brain injury in ischemic stroke via promoting excitotoxicity and necroptosis. Telaprevir, a hepatitis C virus protease inhibitor, is predicted to be a potential MALT1 inhibitor. Here, we showed that telaprevir protected against cerebral ischemic injury via inhibiting MALT1, thereby preventing glutamate receptor ionotropic NMDA 2B (GluN2B) activation, limiting calcium overload, and suppressing necroptosis. In ischemic stroke mice, telaprevir reduced infarct volume, improved the long-term survival rate, and enhanced sensorimotor, memory, and cognitive functions. In hypoxia-treated nerve cells, telaprevir decreased the intracellular calcium concentrations and reduced LDH release. Mechanistically, telaprevir inhibited MALT1 protease activity, thus decreasing the membrane protein level of GluN2B and its phosphorylation through reducing the level of STEP61. Moreover, telaprevir was able to inhibit the levels of necroptosis-associated proteins. According to these results, it can be concluded that telaprevir alleviates neuronal brain injury in stroke mice via restraining GluN2B activation and suppresses the receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)/receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3)/mixed lineage kinase domain-like pseudokinase (MLKL) pathway through inhibiting MALT1. Thus, telaprevir might have a novel indication for treating patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Yue Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jing-Jie Peng
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Di Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Hui-Qi Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Bi-Feng Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Xiu-Ju Luo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
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29
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Wang H, Li X, Wang Q, Ma J, Gao X, Wang M. TREM2, microglial and ischemic stroke. J Neuroimmunol 2023; 381:578108. [PMID: 37302170 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2023.578108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Immunity and inflammation are key factors in the pathophysiology of IS. The inflammatory response is involved in all stages of stroke, and microglia are the predominant cells involved in the post-stroke inflammatory response. Resident microglia are the main immune cells of the brain and the first line of defense of the nervous system. After IS, activated microglia can be both advantageous and detrimental to surrounding tissue; they can be divided into the harmful M1 types or the neuro-protective M2 type. Currently, with the latest progress of transcriptomics analysis, different and more complex phenotypes of microglia activation have been described, such as disease-related microglia (DAM) associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), white matter associated microglia (WAMs) in aging, and stroke-related microglia (SAM) etc. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell 2 (TREM2) is an immune-related receptor on the surface of microglia. Its expression increases after IS, which is related to microglial inflammation and phagocytosis, however, its relationship with the microglia phenotype is not clear. This paper reviews the following: 1) the phenotypic changes of microglia in various pathological stages after IS and its relationship with inflammatory factors; 2) the relationship between the expression of the TREM2 receptor and inflammatory factors; 3) the relationship between phenotypic changes of microglia and its surface receptor TREM2; 4) the TREM2-related signalling pathway of microglia after IS and treatment for TREM2 receptor; and finally 5) To clarify the relationship among TREM2, inflammation, and microglia phenotype after IS, as well as the mechanism among them and the some possible treatment of IS targeting TREM2. Moreover, the relationship between the new phenotype of microglia such as SAM and TREM2 has also been systematically summarized, but there are no relevant research reports on the relationship between TREM2 and SAM after IS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiyingmen 82, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiyingmen 82, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiyingmen 82, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Jialiang Ma
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiyingmen 82, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
| | - Xiaohong Gao
- Department of Neurology, Wuwei people's Hospital, North side of Xuanwu Street, Liangzhou District, Wuwei, Gansu 733000, China
| | - Manxia Wang
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Cuiyingmen 82, Chengguan District, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China.
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30
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Long H, Zhu W, Wei L, Zhao J. Iron homeostasis imbalance and ferroptosis in brain diseases. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e298. [PMID: 37377861 PMCID: PMC10292684 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain iron homeostasis is maintained through the normal function of blood-brain barrier and iron regulation at the systemic and cellular levels, which is fundamental to normal brain function. Excess iron can catalyze the generation of free radicals through Fenton reactions due to its dual redox state, thus causing oxidative stress. Numerous evidence has indicated brain diseases, especially stroke and neurodegenerative diseases, are closely related to the mechanism of iron homeostasis imbalance in the brain. For one thing, brain diseases promote brain iron accumulation. For another, iron accumulation amplifies damage to the nervous system and exacerbates patients' outcomes. In addition, iron accumulation triggers ferroptosis, a newly discovered iron-dependent type of programmed cell death, which is closely related to neurodegeneration and has received wide attention in recent years. In this context, we outline the mechanism of a normal brain iron metabolism and focus on the current mechanism of the iron homeostasis imbalance in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Meanwhile, we also discuss the mechanism of ferroptosis and simultaneously enumerate the newly discovered drugs for iron chelators and ferroptosis inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haining Long
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Wangshu Zhu
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Liming Wei
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jungong Zhao
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional RadiologyShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Afliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School
of MedicineShanghaiChina
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31
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Zhou Q, Dong Y, Wang K, Wang Z, Ma B, Yang B. A comprehensive analysis of the hub genes for oxidative stress in ischemic stroke. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1166010. [PMID: 37229425 PMCID: PMC10203175 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1166010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke (IS), resulting from the occlusion of the cerebral artery and subsequent interruption of blood flow, represents a major and critical threat to public health. Oxidative stress (OS) has been confirmed to play a role in the IS pathological process and neural death. Understanding the essential role of OS-related genes in ischemic stroke is critical to understanding the current perception of the pathophysiological process in IS. Herein, by integrating three IS datasets (GSE16561, GSE22255, and GSE58294), we divided IS samples into the low- and high-OS groups by calculating the OS score identified by the oxidative stress gene set. The functional enrichment analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the low- and high-OS groups indicated that DEGs were associated with hypoxia, the inflammatory response, and oxidative phosphorylation pathways. Furthermore, nine hub genes (namely TLR1, CXCL1, MMP9, TLR4, IL1R2, EGR1, FOS, CXCL10, and DUSP1) were identified through the Girvan-Newman algorithm and cytoHubba algorithms. Nine hub genes were highly expressed in IS samples and positively related to neutrophils and macrophages. Drug-sensitive analysis targeting hub genes defined allopurinol and nickel sulfate as potential candidates for impairing the neural death caused by oxidative stress in IS. Finally, we employed five machine learning methods to check the efficacy of the predictive model identified by nine hub genes. The results showed that our model had superior power for predicting the OS activity of IS patients. TLR4 was found to have excellent diagnostic value and a wide-spectrum interaction with other hub genes. Our research emphasized the impact of oxidative stress on ischemic stroke, which supports the idea that antioxidants hold great promise in ischemic stroke therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yang Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bingquan Ma
- Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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32
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Garcia-Bonilla L, Shahanoor Z, Sciortino R, Nazarzoda O, Racchumi G, Iadecola C, Anrather J. Brain and blood single-cell transcriptomics in acute and subacute phases after experimental stroke. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.31.535150. [PMID: 37066298 PMCID: PMC10103945 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.31.535150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Cerebral ischemia triggers a powerful inflammatory reaction involving both peripheral leukocytes and brain resident cells. Recent evidence indicates that their differentiation into a variety of functional phenotypes contributes to both tissue injury and repair. However, the temporal dynamics and diversity of post-stroke immune cell subsets remain poorly understood. To address these limitations, we performed a longitudinal single-cell transcriptomic study of both brain and mouse blood to obtain a composite picture of brain-infiltrating leukocytes, circulating leukocytes, microglia and endothelium diversity over the ischemic/reperfusion time. Brain cells and blood leukocytes isolated from mice 2 or 14 days after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion or sham surgery were purified by FACS sorting and processed for droplet-based single-cell transcriptomics. The analysis revealed a strong divergence of post-ischemic microglia, macrophages, and neutrophils over time, while such diversity was less evident in dendritic cells, B, T and NK cells. Conversely, brain endothelial cells and brain associated-macrophages showed altered transcriptomic signatures at 2 days post-stroke, but low divergence from sham at day 14. Pseudotime trajectory inference predicted the in-situ longitudinal progression of monocyte-derived macrophages from their blood precursors into day 2 and day 14 phenotypes, while microglia phenotypes at these two time points were not connected. In contrast to monocyte-derived macrophages, neutrophils were predicted to be continuously de-novo recruited from the blood. Brain single-cell transcriptomics from both female and male aged mice did not show major changes in respect to young mice, but aged and young brains differed in their immune cell composition. Furthermore, blood leukocyte analysis also revealed altered transcriptomes after stroke. However, brain-infiltrating leukocytes displayed higher transcriptomic divergence than their circulating counterparts, indicating that phenotypic diversification into cellular subsets occurs within the brain in the early and the recovery phase of ischemic stroke. In addition, this resource report contains a searchable database https://anratherlab.shinyapps.io/strokevis/ to allow user-friendly access to our data. The StrokeVis tool constitutes a comprehensive gene expression atlas that can be interrogated at the gene and cell type level to explore the transcriptional changes of endothelial and immune cell subsets from mouse brain and blood after stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Garcia-Bonilla
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Ziasmin Shahanoor
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Rose Sciortino
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Omina Nazarzoda
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Gianfranco Racchumi
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Costantino Iadecola
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
| | - Josef Anrather
- The Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021
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Choudhary M, Chaudhari S, Gupta T, Kalyane D, Sirsat B, Kathar U, Sengupta P, Tekade RK. Stimuli-Responsive Nanotherapeutics for Treatment and Diagnosis of Stroke. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15041036. [PMID: 37111522 PMCID: PMC10141724 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15041036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Stroke is the second most common medical emergency and constitutes a significant cause of global morbidity. The conventional stroke treatment strategies, including thrombolysis, antiplatelet therapy, endovascular thrombectomy, neuroprotection, neurogenesis, reducing neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, excitotoxicity, hemostatic treatment, do not provide efficient relief to the patients due to lack of appropriate delivery systems, large doses, systemic toxicity. In this context, guiding the nanoparticles toward the ischemic tissues by making them stimuli-responsive can be a turning point in managing stroke. Hence, in this review, we first outline the basics of stroke, including its pathophysiology, factors affecting its development, current treatment therapies, and their limitations. Further, we have discussed stimuli-responsive nanotherapeutics used for diagnosing and treating stroke with challenges ahead for the safe use of nanotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manisha Choudhary
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Sayali Chaudhari
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Tanisha Gupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kalyane
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Bhagwat Sirsat
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Umesh Kathar
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Pinaki Sengupta
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Rakesh K Tekade
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Ahmedabad, Department of Pharmaceuticals, Ministry of Chemicals and Fertilizers, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, Gujarat, India
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34
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Yan Z, Zhang Y, Wang C, Li Y, Su Q, Cao J, Cao X. Withaferin a Attenuates Retinal Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Akt-Dependent Inhibition of Oxidative Stress. Cells 2022; 11:cells11193113. [PMID: 36231074 PMCID: PMC9563317 DOI: 10.3390/cells11193113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Retinal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury often results in intractable visual impairments. The survival of retinal capillary endothelial cells is crucial for the treatment of retinal I/R injury. How to protect retinal endothelia from damage is a challenging work. Withaferin A, a small molecule derived from plants, has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and has been used for about millennia in traditional medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the potential protective effect of withaferin A on retinal I/R injury. Methods: The drug-likeness of withaferin A was evaluated by the SwissADME web tool. The potential protective effect of withaferin A on the I/R-induced injury of human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMECs) was investigated using multiple approaches. RNA sequencing was performed and associated mechanistic signaling pathways were analyzed based on the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes data. The analytical results of RNA sequencing data were further validated by in vitro and in vivo experiments. Results: Withaferin A reduced the I/R injury-induced apoptotic death of HRMECs in vitro with a good drug-like property. RNA sequencing and experimental validation results indicated that withaferin A increased the production of the crucial antioxidant molecules heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and peroxiredoxin 1 (Prdx-1) during I/R. In addition, withaferin A activated the Akt signaling pathway and increased the expression of HO-1 and Prdx-1, thereby exerting an antioxidant effect, attenuated the retinal I/R injury, and decreased the apoptosis of HRMECs. The blockade of Akt completely abolished the effects of withaferin A. Conclusions: The study identified for the first time that withaferin A can protect against the I/R-induced apoptosis of human microvascular retinal endothelial cells via increasing the production of the antioxidants Prdx-1 and HO-1. Results suggest that withaferin A is a promising drug candidate for the treatment of retinal I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyi Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yuanlin Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Food Engineering, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan 030619, China
| | - Chunfang Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Yanjie Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Qiang Su
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Jimin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaoming Cao
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanxi Medical University Second Affiliated Hospital, Taiyuan 030000, China
- Correspondence:
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