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DeWitt NA, Whirledge S, Kallen AN. Updates on molecular and environmental determinants of luteal progesterone production. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 515:110930. [PMID: 32610113 PMCID: PMC7484338 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone, a critical hormone in reproduction, is a key sex steroid in the establishment and maintenance of early pregnancy and serves as an intermediary for synthesis of other steroid hormones. Progesterone production from the corpus luteum is a tightly regulated process which is stimulated and maintained by multiple factors, both systemic and local. Multiple regulatory systems, including classic mediators of gonadotropin stimulation such as the cAMP/PKA pathway and TGFβ-mediated signaling pathways, as well as local production of hormonal factors, exist to promote granulosa cell function and physiological fine-tuning of progesterone levels. In this manuscript, we provide an updated narrative review of the known mediators of human luteal progesterone and highlight new observations regarding this important process, focusing on studies published within the last five years. We will also review recent evidence suggesting that this complex system of progesterone production is sensitive to disruption by exogenous environmental chemicals that can mimic or interfere with the activities of endogenous hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A DeWitt
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Shannon Whirledge
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Amanda N Kallen
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
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2
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Lu SY, Lin P, Tsai WR, Weng CY. The Pragmatic Strategy to Detect Endocrine-Disrupting Activity of Xenobiotics in Food. Med Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.5772/intechopen.81030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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3
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Mekircha F, Chebab S, Gabbianelli R, Leghouchi E. The possible ameliorative effect of Olea europaea L. oil against deltamethrin-induced oxidative stress and alterations of serum concentrations of thyroid and reproductive hormones in adult female rats. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 161:374-382. [PMID: 29902617 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2018.05.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify whether Olea europaea L. (olive) oil (OEO) exerted a protective effect against oxidative stress induced by deltamethrin (DM) and alterations of pituitary, thyroid and gonadal hormones in adult female rats. DM (0,00256 g/kg body weight),OEO (0,6 g/kg body weight) and DM with OEO were administered to rats orally for 28 days. Volatile compounds present in olive oil were analysed by GC-MS. Estradiol (E2), Thyroxine (T4),Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Triiodothyronine (T3), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Progesterone (Pg) were measured in serum using Chemiluminescent Microparticle Immunoassay (CMIA). Lipid peroxidation (LPO), protein carbonyls (PCs), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels along with superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were determined in thyroid and ovarian tissues. Sesquiterpenes, (E,E)-α-farnesene (16.45%) and α-copaene (9,86%), were analysed as the main volatile compounds of OEO. The relative weight of ovaries and thyroid and body weight significantly decreased in rats treated with DM. DM caused significant alterations in TSH, T4, FSH, Pg and E2 levels while T3 and LH concentrations remained unchanged when compared to control. DM also increased significantly LPO and PCs levels. In addition, GSH reserves as well as CAT, GPx, SOD and GST activities were suppressed in DM-received rats. The presence of OEO with DM returned the levels of oxidative stress markers, thyroid and reproductive hormones at the control values. Our results indicate that OEO is a powerful agent able to protect against DM oxidative stress and endocrine changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatiha Mekircha
- Département des Sciences Biologiques de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algerie; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement et Santé, Université Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, 18000 Jijel, Algerie.
| | - Samira Chebab
- Département des Sciences Biologiques de l'Environnement, Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie, Université de Bejaia, 06000 Bejaia, Algerie; Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement et Santé, Université Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, 18000 Jijel, Algerie
| | | | - Essaid Leghouchi
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie, Environnement et Santé, Université Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, 18000 Jijel, Algerie; Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Phytochimie, Université Mohammed Seddik Benyahia, 18000 Jijel, Algerie
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Li C, Cao M, Ma L, Ye X, Song Y, Pan W, Xu Z, Ma X, Lan Y, Chen P, Liu W, Liu J, Zhou J. Pyrethroid Pesticide Exposure and Risk of Primary Ovarian Insufficiency in Chinese Women. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:3240-3248. [PMID: 29444570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are a class of widely used insecticides. Female animal studies suggested that pyrethroid exposure impaired ovarian function, which resulted in similar symptoms of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI). However, it is still unknown whether this association applies to women. In this case-control study, a total of 172 POI patients and 247 control women were recruited in Zhejiang, China. The urinary concentrations of metabolites of pyrethroids, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) and 4-fluoro-3-phenoxybenzoic acid (4-F-3-PBA), as well as the serum concentrations of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH) were determined. The associations of pyrethroid metabolites with POI and POI-related hormones were accessed using unconditional logistic regression. Higher urinary levels of 3-PBA were significantly associated with increased risk of POI [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.344, 95% CI: 1.193-4.607 for the highest vs lowest quartile of 3-PBA, p = 0.013]. Stratified analyses showed that each log increase in urinary 3-PBA concentration was significantly associated with an induction in odds of 51.0% being in the highest quartile of FSH and 28.6% being in the highest quartile of LH levels, whereas a 25.9% reduction in odds of being in the highest quartile of AMH levels (All p for trend <0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first case-control study to report an association of pyrethroid exposure with increased risk of POI in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Li
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
| | - Miaofeng Cao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Linjuan Ma
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
| | - Xiaoqing Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Yang Song
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
| | - Wuye Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Zhengfen Xu
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
| | - Xiaochen Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Yibing Lan
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
| | - Peiqiong Chen
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
| | - Weiping Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , China
| | - Jianhong Zhou
- Women's Reproductive Health Key Laboratory of Zhejiang Province, Women's Hospital, School of Medicine , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310006 , China
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Brodeur JC, Sanchez M, Castro L, Rojas DE, Cristos D, Damonte MJ, Poliserpi MB, D'Andrea MF, Andriulo AE. Accumulation of current-use pesticides, cholinesterase inhibition and reduced body condition in juvenile one-sided livebearer fish (Jenynsia multidentata) from the agricultural Pampa region of Argentina. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 185:36-46. [PMID: 28683335 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.06.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to characterize the level and nature of the pesticide contamination received by one-sided livebearer fish (Jenynsia multidentata) from a watercourse situated within the main agricultural region of Argentina, and to assess the effects of this contamination on fish health. Juvenile one-sided livebearer fish (Jenynsia multidentata) were collected in December 2011 and March 2012 from three sites along the Pergamino River. Pesticide contamination was characterized by extracting whole fish and analytically determining thirty different pesticide molecules. The biomarkers catalase, glutathione-S-transferase, and cholinesterases were assessed. Body condition was calculated as an estimate of the amount of energy reserves possessed by the fish. Seventeen different pesticides were detected in fish tissues with 81% of captured animals containing at least one pesticide molecule. The pyrethroid insecticides fenvalerate and bifenthrin were most frequently detected, being respectively found in 41.8 and 36.4% of samples tested. Highly toxic dichlorvos and pirimiphos-methyl were detected. Differential levels of contamination could not be established amongst sites but were observed within sites amongst the two sampling dates. The months when pesticide residues were most abundant from in Site A and B corresponded to the months when body condition was at its lowest in the two sites. The inhibition of Che activity in March when body condition was reduced also points to a role of insecticide contamination in the reduction of body condition. These findings provide strong new evidence that current-used agricultural pesticides can accumulate in wild fish and impact their health and energetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Céline Brodeur
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Marisol Sanchez
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Luciana Castro
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Dante Emanuel Rojas
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria (CIA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Diego Cristos
- Instituto de Tecnología de Alimentos, Centro de Investigación de Agroindustria (CIA), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Jimena Damonte
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Belén Poliserpi
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Florencia D'Andrea
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adrián Enrique Andriulo
- Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Pergamino, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Pergamino, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Ye X, Pan W, Zhao Y, Zhao S, Zhu Y, Liu W, Liu J. Association of pyrethroids exposure with onset of puberty in Chinese girls. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 227:606-612. [PMID: 28501319 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids, a class of ubiquitous insecticides, have been considered as endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Female animal studies suggested that early-life pyrethroids exposure might delay puberty onset. However, it remains unclear whether this association applies to human populations. A total of 305 girls at the ages of 9-15 years old were recruited in Hangzhou, China in this study. The concentration of the common metabolite of pyrethroids, 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), was analyzed in urine samples to reflect the exposure level of pyrethroids. The associations of 3-PBA with pubertal stages were evaluated using a multinomial logistic regression model. The geometric mean level of 3-PBA was 1.11 μg/L (1.42 μg/g for creatinine-adjusted concentration). There was a significant 45% reduction in odds of being in breast stage 3 (B3) per one-unit increase in the log-transformed 3-PBA levels [OR = 0.55 (95%CI: 0.31-0.98), p = 0.042]. A similar negative association was found between urinary 3-PBA levels with later onset by pubic hair stage 2 (P2) [OR = 0.56 (95%CI: 0.36-0.90), p = 0.015]. Similar negative association was also observed between urinary 3-PBA levels and pubertal onset indicated by menarche [OR = 0.51 (95%CI: 0.28-0.93), p = 0.029]. For the first time to our knowledge, this work reveals that pyrethroids exposure may increase the risk of delayed pubertal onset in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqing Ye
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wuye Pan
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuehao Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shilin Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- School of Public Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weiping Liu
- Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jing Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Research Center for Air Pollution and Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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7
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Brander SM, Jeffries KM, Cole BJ, DeCourten BM, White JW, Hasenbein S, Fangue NA, Connon RE. Transcriptomic changes underlie altered egg protein production and reduced fecundity in an estuarine model fish exposed to bifenthrin. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2016; 174:247-60. [PMID: 26975043 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroid pesticides are a class of insecticides found to have endocrine disrupting properties in vertebrates such as fishes and in human cell lines. Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are environmental contaminants that mimic or alter the process of hormone signaling. In particular, EDCs that alter estrogen and androgen signaling pathways are of major concern for fishes because these EDCs may alter reproductive physiology, behavior, and ultimately sex ratio. Bifenthrin, a pyrethroid with escalating usage, is confirmed to disrupt estrogen signaling in several species of fish, including Menidia beryllina (inland silverside), an Atherinid recently established as a euryhaline model. Our main objective was to broadly assess the molecular and physiological responses of M. beryllina to the ng/L concentrations of bifenthrin typically found in the environment, with a focus on endocrine-related effects, and to discern links between different tiers of the biological hierarchy. As such, we evaluated the response of juvenile Menidia to bifenthrin using a Menidia-specific microarray, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) on specific endocrine-related genes of interest, and a Menidia-specific ELISA to the egg-coat protein choriogenin, to evaluate a multitude of molecular-level responses that would inform mechanisms of toxicity and any underlying causes of change at higher biological levels of organization. The sublethal nominal concentrations tested (0.5, 5 and 50ng/L) were chosen to represent the range of concentrations observed in the environment and to provide coverage of a variety of potential responses. We then employed a 21-day reproductive assay to evaluate reproductive responses to bifenthrin (at 0.5ng/L) in a separate group of adult M. beryllina. The microarray analysis indicated that bifenthrin influences a diverse suite of molecular pathways, from baseline metabolic processes to carcinogenesis. A more targeted examination of gene expression via qPCR demonstrated that bifenthrin downregulates a number of estrogen-related transcripts, particularly at the lowest exposure level. Choriogenin protein also decreased with exposure to increasing concentrations of bifenthrin, and adult M. beryllina exposed to 0.5ng/L had significantly reduced reproductive output (fertilized eggs per female). This reduction in fecundity is consistent with observed changes in endocrine-related gene expression and choriogenin production. Taken together, our results demonstrate that environmental concentrations of bifenthrin have potential to interfere with metabolic processes, endocrine signaling, and to decrease reproductive output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susanne M Brander
- Biology & Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, United States.
| | - Ken M Jeffries
- Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bryan J Cole
- Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bethany M DeCourten
- Biology & Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, United States
| | - J Wilson White
- Biology & Marine Biology, University of North Carolina, Wilmington, 601 South College Road, Wilmington, NC 28403, United States
| | - Simone Hasenbein
- Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Nann A Fangue
- Wildlife, Fish & Conservation Biology, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Richard E Connon
- Anatomy, Physiology & Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, United States
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Han X, Tang R, Chen X, Xu B, Qin Y, Wu W, Hu Y, Xu B, Song L, Xia Y, Wang X. 2,2',4,4'-Tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) decreases progesterone synthesis through cAMP-PKA pathway and P450scc downregulation in mouse Leydig tumor cells. Toxicology 2012; 302:44-50. [PMID: 22867812 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2012] [Revised: 07/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/23/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are commonly used as flame retardants in textiles, plastics and electronics and represent a group of persistent environmental contaminants. They have been found to accumulate in human and marine mammals. Previous studies have shown that PBDEs have endocrine-disrupting properties and reproductive toxicity. However, the mechanisms under the reproductive disruptions are still not well understood. In this study, we explored the effects of 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) on progesterone biosynthesis and possible mechanisms in mouse Leydig tumor cells (mLTC-1). Our results showed that BDE-47 could reduce progesterone production and decrease the intracellular cAMP level induced by hCG or forskolin. These suggested that BDE-47 decreasing progesterone production in mLTC-1 cells may be associated with the decline of intracellular cAMP level. Moreover, our data also indicated that the site G protein in cAMP-PKA pathway may be involved in this process. Furthermore, the addition of cAMP analog, 8-Br-cAMP, could not reverse the decrease of progesterone biosynthesis, indicating that a post-cAMP site (or sites) might be involved into the BDE-47-decreased progesterone production. In addition, we found BDE-47 reduced the activity of P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), which was companied with the decline of P450scc mRNA and protein level in mLTC-1 cells. Put all together, these results suggested that progesterone synthesis decrease induced by BDE-47 may be associated with attenuation of cAMP generation and reduction of P450scc activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Han
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Zhang J, Liu L, Mu X, Jiang Z, Zhang L. Effect of triptolide on estradiol release from cultured rat granulosa cells. Endocr J 2012; 59:473-81. [PMID: 22447140 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej11-0407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Triptolide, a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), is known to have multiple pharmacological activities. However, studies have also shown that triptolide is highly toxic to the reproductive system by disrupting normal androgen and estrogen signaling. In the present study, we investigated the effect of triptolide (5, 10, or 20 nM for 24 h) on estradiol production by rat granulosa cells. Triptolide inhibited basal and human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG)- or 8-bromo-cAMP-stimulated estradiol production as revealed by RIA assay. Furthermore, the HCG-evoked increase in cellular cAMP content was also inhibited by triptolide, indicating that disruption of the cAMP/PKA signaling pathway may mediate the deleterious effects of triptolide on steroid hormone regulation. In addition, (3)H(2)O tests showed that aromatase activity was significantly inhibited by triptolide in granulosa cells. Western blot and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays further revealed that triptolide decreased protein and mRNA expression of aromatase in granulosa cells. Moreover, mRNA expression of luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) was induced by triptolide also using qRT-PCR method. In contrast, cell viability tests using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) method indicated that triptolide did not cause measurable cell death at doses that suppressed steroidogenesis. The reproductive toxicity of triptolide may be mainly caused by disruption of cAMP/PKA-mediated expression of estrogen synthesis enzymes, leading to reduced estradiol synthesis and reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Jiangsu Center of Drug Screening, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, PR China
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Mnif W, Hassine AIH, Bouaziz A, Bartegi A, Thomas O, Roig B. Effect of endocrine disruptor pesticides: a review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2011; 8:2265-303. [PMID: 21776230 PMCID: PMC3138025 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph8062265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDC) are compounds that alter the normal functioning of the endocrine system of both wildlife and humans. A huge number of chemicals have been identified as endocrine disruptors, among them several pesticides. Pesticides are used to kill unwanted organisms in crops, public areas, homes and gardens, and parasites in medicine. Human are exposed to pesticides due to their occupations or through dietary and environmental exposure (water, soil, air). For several years, there have been enquiries about the impact of environmental factors on the occurrence of human pathologies. This paper reviews the current knowledge of the potential impacts of endocrine disruptor pesticides on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wissem Mnif
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unité de Recherche 02/UR/09-01, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, de Monastir, BP 74, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia; E-Mails: (W.M.); (A.I.H.H); (A.B.)
- Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie de Sidi Thabet, Pole Technologie Sidi Thabet, 2020 Ariana, Tunisia
| | - Aziza Ibn Hadj Hassine
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unité de Recherche 02/UR/09-01, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, de Monastir, BP 74, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia; E-Mails: (W.M.); (A.I.H.H); (A.B.)
| | - Aicha Bouaziz
- Laboratoire de Biochimie, Unité de Recherche 02/UR/09-01, Institut Supérieur de Biotechnologie, de Monastir, BP 74, 5019 Monastir, Tunisia; E-Mails: (W.M.); (A.I.H.H); (A.B.)
| | - Aghleb Bartegi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 1759, 31982, Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia; E-Mail:
| | - Olivier Thomas
- Environment and Health Research laboratory (LERES), Advanced School of Public Health (EHESP), Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard - CS 74312, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France; E-Mail: (O.T.)
| | - Benoit Roig
- Environment and Health Research laboratory (LERES), Advanced School of Public Health (EHESP), Avenue du Professeur Léon Bernard - CS 74312, 35043 Rennes Cedex, France; E-Mail: (O.T.)
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11
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Toxic effects of cypermethrin and methamidophos on bovine corpus luteal cells and progesterone production. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 63:131-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2009.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2009] [Revised: 10/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Gao X, Yu L, Castro L, Moore AB, Hermon T, Bortner C, Sifre M, Dixon D. An endocrine-disrupting chemical, fenvalerate, induces cell cycle progression and collagen type I expression in human uterine leiomyoma and myometrial cells. Toxicol Lett 2010; 196:133-41. [PMID: 20230880 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2010.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2009] [Revised: 03/05/2010] [Accepted: 03/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Fenvalerate (Fen), widely used for its high insecticidal potency and low mammalian toxicity, is classified as an endocrine-disrupting chemical. Recently, Fen has received great attention for its adverse effects on human reproductive health. In this study, we found that Fen (10 microM) had a stimulatory effect on the growth of both cell lines at 24 h compared with controls by MTS (p < 0.01) and BrdU (p < 0.01) assays in hormonally responsive uterine leiomyoma (UtLM) cells and normal uterine smooth muscle cells (UtSMC). Flow cytometry results showed that Fen enhanced the escape of cells from the G(0)-G(1) checkpoint and promoted progression of both cell types into the S phase. An Annexin V assay showed that Fen had an anti-apoptotic effect on both cell types. By Real-time PCR, we found that collagen I mRNA expression increased (p < 0.05) in Fen-treated cells compared to controls, although it was greater in UtLM tumor cells. Accordingly, Fen increased (p < 0.05) collagen I protein levels in both cell lysate and supernatant when compared to controls. To further test the mechanism of Fen's effects, transactivation and competitive binding assays were done. The results showed Fen did not significantly stimulate luciferase activity at concentrations of 0.1 microM, 1.0 microM or 10.0 microM in either of the cell types. Competitive binding assays revealed that the affinity of Fen binding to estrogen receptors (ERs) was non-detectable compared to E(2). Our data show that Fen can stimulate the growth of both UtLM cells and UtSMC, which involves a combination of enhanced cell cycle progression and inhibition of apoptosis. Also this compound can increase collagen I expression, at both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, the ER is less likely involved in either the hyperplasia or extracellular matrix (ECM) overproduction induced by Fen. Our results indicate that Fen exposure could be considered a novel risk factor for uterine fibroids through molecular mechanisms that do not directly involve the ERs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Gao
- Comparative Pathobiology Group, Cellular and Molecular Pathology Branch, NTP, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
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13
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Wu C. Overview of developmental and reproductive toxicity research in China: history, funding mechanisms, and frontiers of the research. BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH. PART B, DEVELOPMENTAL AND REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY 2010; 89:9-17. [PMID: 20135688 DOI: 10.1002/bdrb.20231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive and developmental toxicology (DART) is the discipline that deals with adverse effects on male and female resulting from exposures to harmful chemical and physical agents. DART research in China boasted a long history, but presently has fallen behind the western world in education and research. The funding mechanisms for DART research in China were similar to that for other toxicological disciplines, and the funding has come from research grants and fellowships provided by national, ministerial, and provincial institutions. Finally, the frontiers of DART research in China could be summarized as follows: (1) use of model animals such as the zebrafish and roundworm, and use of cutting-edge techniques such as stem cell culture, as well as transgenic, metabonomic, and virtual screening to study the mechanisms of developmental toxicity for some important toxicants in China; (2) use of model animals and other lower-level sentinel organisms to evaluate and monitor the developmental toxicogical risk of environmental chemicals or pollutants; (3) epidemiological studies of some important reproductive hazards; (4) in-depth studying of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of some important environmental chemicals; and (5) evaluation and study of the reproductive and developmental toxicity of traditional Chinese medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunqi Wu
- National Beijing Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Beijing Institute of Toxicology and Pharmacology, PR China.
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Fei J, Qu JH, Ding XL, Xue K, Lu CC, Chen JF, Song L, Xia YK, Wang SL, Wang XR. Fenvalerate inhibits the growth of primary cultured rat preantral ovarian follicles. Toxicology 2010; 267:1-6. [PMID: 19892000 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2009.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2009] [Revised: 09/25/2009] [Accepted: 10/20/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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GONG L, ZOU J, ZENG J, CHEN W, CHEN X, WANG X. Photocatalytic Degradation of Dicofol and Pyrethrum with Boric and Cerous Co-doped TiO2under Light Irradiation. CHINESE J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200990031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Han Y, Xia Y, Han J, Zhou J, Wang S, Zhu P, Zhao R, Jin N, Song L, Wang X. The relationship of 3-PBA pyrethroids metabolite and male reproductive hormones among non-occupational exposure males. CHEMOSPHERE 2008; 72:785-790. [PMID: 18479728 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2007] [Revised: 02/03/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Many pesticides possess hormonal activities and have been classified as endocrine disrupting chemicals. Synthetic pyrethroids are one kind of the most common pesticides used in the world. In the present study, we explored the association between serum reproductive hormone levels and urinary creatine (CR) adjusted concentration of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA), a general metabolite of pyrethroids, in Chinese adult men. The study subjects (n=212) were from the affiliated hospitals of Nanjing Medical University. By using GC-MS, urinary 3-PBA level of each subject was measured and adjusted by urinary CR. Blood samples were collected for measuring the serum levels of reproductive hormones, including follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T) and prolactin (PRL). All the subjects had detectable levels of 3-PBA in their urine samples. The median concentration of 3-PBA was 0.815 microg g (-1)of CR. The results showed that there was positive associations between the levels of serum LH and 3-PBA (p=0.013) but negative associations between E2 and 3-PBA level (p=0.022), and the adjusting p-value was 0.044 for LH and E2, which suggested that pyrethroids are capable of disrupting the male endocrine function. In adult men, urinary 3-PBA levels were associated with increased LH and reduced E2 levels. On a population level, these reductions show potential public health importance because of widespread exposure to these pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Han
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, PR China
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McKinlay R, Plant JA, Bell JNB, Voulvoulis N. Endocrine disrupting pesticides: implications for risk assessment. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2008; 34:168-83. [PMID: 17881056 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2007.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2006] [Revised: 07/26/2007] [Accepted: 07/27/2007] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine disrupting (ED) chemicals are compounds that alter the normal functioning of the endocrine system, potentially causing disease or deformity in organisms and their offspring. Pesticides are used widely to kill unwanted organisms in crops, public areas, homes and gardens and medicinally to kill parasites. Many are proven or suspected to be EDs. Ancient physiological similarities between different vertebrate groups suggest that disorders observed in wildlife may indicate risks to humans. This makes accurate risk assessment and effective legislation difficult. In this paper, the hazardous properties of pesticides which are known to have ED properties are reviewed in order to assess the implications for risk assessment. As well as data on sources of exposure in the United Kingdom (UK) an assessment of the evidence on the health effects of ED pesticides is also included. In total, 127 have been identified from the literature and their effects and modes of action are listed in this paper. Using the UK as a case study, the types and quantities of pesticides used, and their methods of application are assessed, along with their potential pathways to humans. In the UK reliable data are available only for agricultural use, so non-agricultural routes of pesticide exposure have been poorly quantified. The exposure of people resident in or visiting rural areas could also have been grossly under-estimated. Material links between ED pesticide use and specific illnesses or deformities are complicated by the multifactorial nature of disease, which can be affected by factors such as diet. Despite these difficulties, a large body of evidence has accumulated linking specific conditions to ED pesticides in wildlife and humans. A more precautionary approach to the use of ED pesticides, especially for non-essential purposes is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R McKinlay
- Centre for Environmental Policy, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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Arena AC, Fernandez CDB, Porto EM, Bissacot DZ, Pereira OCM, Kempinas WG. Fenvalerate, a pyrethroid insecticide, adversely affects sperm production and storage in male rats. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2008; 71:1550-1558. [PMID: 18923997 DOI: 10.1080/15287390802392024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the potential estrogenic activity of fenvalerate by examining reproductive and fertility capabilities in Wistar rats. Adult male animals were treated for 30 d with 20 or 40 mg/kg/d fenvalerate or corn oil (vehicle) by oral gavage. Further, a possible estrogenic activity of fenvalerate (0.4, 1, 4, 8, or 40 mg/kg) was tested after a 3-d treatment of immature female rats using the uterotrophic assay. Exposure to the higher dose of fenvalerate was toxic to testis and epididymis as shown by a decrease in the absolute weights and sperm counts in both organs. Although the sperm counts were reduced, the fertility and sexual behavior were similar in control rats and rats treated with 40 mg/kg pesticide. Fenvalerate did not exert estrogenic activity in vivo at the tested doses. Data suggest that fenvalerate treatment in this study failed to compromise fertility, possibly due to enhanced reproductive capacity in rodents compared to humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle C Arena
- Departamento de Biologia Celular, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, Brazil
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Qu JH, Hong X, Chen JF, Wang YB, Sun H, Xu XL, Song L, Wang SL, Wang XR. Fenvalerate inhibits progesterone production through cAMP-dependent signal pathway. Toxicol Lett 2007; 176:31-9. [PMID: 18053657 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2007.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2007] [Revised: 09/09/2007] [Accepted: 09/17/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fenvalerate is a widely used synthetic pyrethroid insecticide and is known to impede the male reproductive function. However, the mechanisms remain to be elucidated. In this study, mouse Leydig tumor cells (MLTC-1) were used to investigate the effects of fenvalerate on progesterone production. Fenvalerate treatment inhibited progesterone secretion induced by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), cholera toxin (CT) or forskolin and decreased cAMP levels induced by hCG, but not by CT or forskolin, which suggested a repaired site on the upstream components of G protein or G protein per se by fenvalerate in the cAMP-mediated signal pathway. Furthermore, the addition of cAMP analog, 8-Br-cAMP, could not reverse fenvalerate-suppressed progesterone synthesis, indicating that fenvalerate interfered with the downstream molecules of cAMP. In addition, fenvalerate decreased steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) mRNA and protein levels, and also profoundly inhibited the activity of P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) which was consistent with the decreased expression of P450scc mRNA and protein in MLTC-1 cells. These results suggested that fenvalerate might inhibit progesterone production by attenuating cAMP generation and inhibiting StAR expression and P450scc activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hua Qu
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, PR China
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Wang YB, Song L, Cui LB, Hong X, Zhang ZD, Wang XR. Monobutyl phthalate inhibits steroidogenesis by downregulating steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in mouse Leydig tumor cells (MLTC-1). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2007; 70:947-55. [PMID: 17479410 DOI: 10.1080/15287390701290717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and its active metabolite, monobutyl phthalate (MBP), display no binding affinity for the androgen receptor, yet exert antiandrogenic effects by altering steroid biosynthesis. However, the mechanisms underlying this observed effect are not known. The purpose of this study was to determine the site of MBP action on steroidogenesis in vitro using mouse Leydig tumor cells (MLTC-1). Various concentrations of MBP (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 800 micromol/L) were added to the medium for 24 h followed by stimulation with some compounds such as human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), cholera toxin (CT), cAMP analog 8-Br-cAMP, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22R-HC), and pregnenolone. Data showed that MBP inhibited the increases in progesterone production induced by hCG and CT. In contrast, the levels of intracellular cAMP remained unaltered. In addition, 8-Br-cAMP-stimulated progesterone production was also suppressed by MBP. These results suggested that the site in the steroid biosynthesis pathway affected by MBP occurs downstream of PKA activation in MLTC-1 cells. Moreover, incubation with 22R-HC and pregnenolone as progesterone precursors for P-450 side-chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3betaHSD) respectively resulted in no marked change in progesterone production, indicating that MBP did not influence P450scc and 3betaHSD but did exert an effect on cholesterol transportation into mitochondria, the rate-limiting step. These results were supported by the downregulated StAR expression seen with MBP administration, as StAR is a key factor in this process. Data indicate that MBP interfered with steroid hormone production by affecting StAR expression in MLTC-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Bang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Song L, Hong X, Cui L, Zhang Z, Xiao H, Zhou J, Wang X. Low concentrations mono-butyl phthalate stimulates steroidogenesis by facilitating steroidogenic acute regulatory protein expression in mouse Leydig tumor cells (MLTC-1). Chem Biol Interact 2006; 164:15-24. [PMID: 16999944 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2006.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2006] [Revised: 08/14/2006] [Accepted: 08/17/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is one of the most dominant phthalate esters and is widely distributed environmental contaminant. Although previous studies have demonstrated that DBP led to a variety of male reproductive abnormalities similar to those caused by androgen receptor antagonists, DBP and its active metabolite, mono-butyl phthalate (MBP), have been demonstrated no affinity for the androgen receptor, but rather exert anti-androgenic effect by altering testosterone biosynthesis. Furthermore, all these results were obtained from very high administrations of DBP or MBP. The purpose of this study was to determine the onset and the site of action of relatively low concentration of MBP on steroidogenesis in vitro. The mouse Leydig tumor cells (MLTC-1) was employed as a cellular model to investigate the effect of MBP on steroidogenesis. Various concentrations of MBP (1, 10, 100 and 1000nmol/l) and its solvent dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were added to the medium for 24h followed by stimulation of some compounds such as human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG), cholera toxin (CT), forskolin, cAMP analog 8-Br-cAMP, 22(R)-hydroxycholesterol (22R-HC) and pregnenolone. Progesterone in the medium and amounts of intracellular cAMP were measured by RIA. Expression of steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (StAR) was monitored by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The results revealed that the increases of progesterone production in the presence of hCG, CT, forskolin and 8-Br-cAMP were augmented by MBP. In contrast, the levels of intracellular cAMP exhibited no statistical significance when MLTC-1 cells were treated as above. These results implied that the site in the steroid biosynthesis pathway affected by MBP occurs after PKA activation in MLTC-1 cells. Moreover, supplementing the medium with 22R-HC and pregnenolone as progesterone precursors for P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc) and 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3beta-HSD), respectively, resulted in no rise in progesterone production, making clear that MBP did not influence the P450scc and 3beta-HSD but on the rate-limiting step, cholesterol transportation into mitochondria. In fact, the above results were confirmed by the upgraded StAR expression in MBP-treated cells. These data support that MBP promotes steroid hormone production by facilitating StAR expression in MLTC-1 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, PR China
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