1
|
Sun K, Sun Y, Du X, Zhang X, Ma Z, Gao Y, Liang X. Lnc-Clic5 as a sponge for miR-212-5p to inhibit cow barn PM 2.5-induced apoptosis in rat alveolar macrophages. Toxicology 2024; 504:153797. [PMID: 38583737 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2024.153797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a highly hazardous airborne particulate matter that poses a significant risk to humans and animals. Urban airborne particulate matter contributes to the increased incidence and mortality of respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), in humans. However, the specific mechanism by which PM2.5 affects animals in barn environments is yet to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of exposure to cow barn PM2.5 on rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) and found that it induced apoptosis via the miR-212-5p/RASSF1 pathway. We found that lnc-Clic5 expression was downregulated in NR8383 cells exposed to cow barn PM2.5. Lnc-Clic5 plays a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) regulatory role by sponging miR-212-5p to attenuate the regulation of RASSF1. Moreover, lnc-Clic5 overexpression inhibited NR8383 apoptosis by targeting the miR-212-5p/RASSF1 pathway. Co-treatment with miR-212-5p and lnc-Clic5 in the presence of cow barn PM2.5 revealed that lnc-Clic5 reversed NR8383 cell apoptosis induced by PM2.5 when miR-212-5p was overexpressed. These findings contribute to the study of ncRNAs and ceRNAs regulating PM2.5-induced apoptosis in animal farms, provide therapeutic targets for lung macrophage apoptosis, and may be useful for further evaluating the toxicological effects of PM2.5 in farmhouses on the respiratory systems of humans and animals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ke Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yize Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiaohui Du
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xiqing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Zhenhua Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yunhang Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118, China.
| | - Xiaojun Liang
- Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Altered sialin mRNA gene expression in type 2 diabetic male Wistar rats: implications for nitric oxide deficiency. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4013. [PMID: 36899088 PMCID: PMC10006425 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31240-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Nitrate therapy has been suggested to boost nitric oxide (NO) levels in type 2 diabetes (T2D); however, little is known about nitrate transport across the membranes. This study aimed to assess changes in the mRNA expression of sialin, as a nitrate transporter, in the main tissues of rats with T2D. Rats were divided into two groups (n = 6/group): Control and T2D. A high-fat diet combined with a low dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 30 mg/kg) was used to induce T2D. At month 6, samples from the main tissues of rats were used to measure the mRNA expression of sialin and levels of NO metabolites. Rats with T2D had lower nitrate levels in the soleus muscle (66%), lung (48%), kidney (43%), aorta (30%), adrenal gland (58%), epididymal adipose tissue (eAT) (61%), and heart (37%) and had lower nitrite levels in the pancreas (47%), kidney (42%), aorta (33%), liver (28%), eAT (34%), and heart (32%). The order of sialin gene expression in control rats was: soleus muscle > kidney > pancreas > lung > liver > adrenal gland > brain > eAT > intestine > stomach > aorta > heart. Compared to controls, rats with T2D had higher sialin mRNA expressions in the stomach (2.1), eAT (2.0), adrenal gland (1.7), liver (8.9), and soleus muscle (3.4), and lower sialin expression in the intestine (0.56), pancreas (0.42), and kidney (0.44), all P values < 0.05. These findings indicate altered sialin mRNA expression in the main tissues of male T2D rats and may have implications for future NO-based treatment of T2D.
Collapse
|
3
|
Unkovič A, Boštjančič E, Belič A, Perše M. Selection and Evaluation of mRNA and miRNA Reference Genes for Expression Studies (qPCR) in Archived Formalin-Fixed and Paraffin-Embedded (FFPE) Colon Samples of DSS-Induced Colitis Mouse Model. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020190. [PMID: 36829468 PMCID: PMC9952917 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The choice of appropriate reference genes is essential for correctly interpreting qPCR data and results. However, the majority of animal studies use a single reference gene without any prior evaluation. Therefore, many qPCR results from rodent studies can be misleading, affecting not only reproducibility but also translatability. In this study, the expression stability of reference genes for mRNA and miRNA in archived FFPE samples of 117 C57BL/6JOlaHsd mice (males and females) from 9 colitis experiments (dextran sulfate sodium; DSS) were evaluated and their expression analysis was performed. In addition, we investigated whether normalization reduced/neutralized the influence of inter/intra-experimental factors which we systematically included in the study. Two statistical algorithms (NormFinder and Bestkeeper) were used to determine the stability of reference genes. Multivariate analysis was made to evaluate the influence of normalization with different reference genes on target gene expression in regard to inter/intra-experimental factors. Results show that archived FFPE samples are a reliable source of RNA and imply that the FFPE procedure does not change the ranking of stability of reference genes obtained in fresh tissues. Multivariate analysis showed that the histological picture is an important factor affecting the expression levels of target genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Unkovič
- Medical Experimental Centre, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Emanuela Boštjančič
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aleš Belič
- Statistics and Modelling, Technical Development Biologics, Novartis Technical Research & Development, Lek Pharmaceuticals d.d., 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Martina Perše
- Medical Experimental Centre, Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen HD, Jiang MZ, Zhao YY, Li X, Lan H, Yang WQ, Lai Y. Effects of breviscapine on cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury and intestinal flora imbalance by regulating the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 300:115691. [PMID: 36087844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The plant Erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand.-Mazz.,a Chinese herbal medicine with multiple pharmacological effects and clinical applications, has been traditionally used in the treatment of paralysis caused by stroke and joint pain from rheumatism by the Yi minority people of Southwest China for generations.However, its mechanism involves many factors and has not been fully clarified. AIM OF THE STUDY Taking intestinal flora as the target, the protective effect of extract(breviscapine) of E. breviscapus on cerebral ischemia and its possible mechanism were discussed from the perspective of brain inflammatory pathway and intestinal CYP3A4, which depends on intestinal flora. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, we first verified the binding ability between major active ingredient of Erigeron breviscapus and the core target TLR4 protein by molecular docking using Vina software.We established a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo.The neurological function of rats was scored by Bederson score table, the cerebral infarction volume was detected by TTC staining, and the serum NSE level was detected by ELASA. 16S rRNA sequencing was used to detect the intestinal flora of rats in each group.The expression levels of cerebral TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and CYP3A4 mRNA and protein in different intestinal segments were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS Compared with the model group, the neurological injury score, infarct volume and serum NSE concentration of breviscapine low, medium and high dose groups and nimodipine groups decreased significantly. Meanwhile, breviscapine could significantly reduce the expression level of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB in brain tissue and CYP3A4 in different intestinal segments of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. In addition, breviscapine also significantly ameliorated intestinal flora dysbiosis of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. CONCLUSIONS Breviscapine can protect rats from cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury by regulating intestinal flora, inhibiting brain TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB inflammatory pathway and intestinal CYP3A4 expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Dong Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan (Cultivation), Dali, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Zhao Jiang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Ying Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Li
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai Lan
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan (Cultivation), Dali, People's Republic of China
| | - Wan-Qi Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan (Cultivation), Dali, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yong Lai
- College of Pharmacy, Dali University, Dali, 671000, Yunnan, People's Republic of China; Yunnan Key Laboratory of Screening and Research on Anti-pathogenic Plant Resources from Western Yunnan (Cultivation), Dali, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Dai Y, Kou H, Guo X, Gong Z, Liu H, Liu Y, Wang H, Guo Y. Identification and validation of reference genes for RT-qPCR analysis in fetal rat pancreas. Reprod Toxicol 2021; 105:211-220. [PMID: 34537367 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2021.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The choice of reference gene is crucial for quantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay. To screen and determine the suitable reference genes in fetal rat pancreas, we selected eight candidate reference genes (Gapdh, Actb, Rn18 s, B2m, Rpl13a, Tbp, Ywhaz and Ubc), and evaluated the constancy of gene expression from fetal rat pancreases in non-pathological situation and prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) model, using four algorithms: GeNorm, NormFinder, Bestkeeper and Comparative ΔCt method. In addition, the alteration of mRNA levels of pancreatic insulin was compared between control and PDE groups to validate the reliability of selected reference genes for data normalization of RT-qPCR. The comprehensive ranking of reference genes under physiological condition was as follow: Gapdh > Actb > Ywhaz > Ubc > Rn18s > Rpl13a > B2m > Tbp (female); Actb > Ywhaz > Gapdh > Ubc > B2m > Rpl13a > Rn18 s | Tbp (male). The top ranking reference genes were also stably expressed in PDE fetal pancreas. The best reference gene combinations are: Ywhaz+Actb for female and Ywhaz+Gapdh for male fetal rat pancreas, respectively. Compared with low ranking or single reference gene, the change trend of insulin mRNA normalized by the best reference gene combination between control and PDE groups was more significant and consistent with that of serum insulin level. In conclusion, our results provided the optimal combination of stable reference genes for RT-qPCR assay in pancreatic developmental toxicity study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yongguo Dai
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Kou
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Department of Pharmacy, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoling Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Gong
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Heze Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, Wuhan University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China; Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|