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Deiab NS, Kodous AS, Mahfouz MK, Said AM, Ghobashy MM, Abozaid OAR. Smart Hesperidin/Chitosan Nanogel Mitigates Apoptosis and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Fluoride and Aluminum-Induced Testicular Injury. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:4106-4124. [PMID: 38087036 PMCID: PMC11252208 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Fluoride and aluminum are ubiquitous toxic metals with adverse reproductive effects. The citrus flavonoid hesperidin has protective activities but poor solubility and bioavailability. Nanoparticulate delivery systems can improve flavonoid effectiveness. We conducted this study to prepare a pH-responsive chitosan-based nanogel for hesperidin delivery and evaluate its effectiveness against sodium fluoride (NaF) and aluminum chloride (AlCl3) induced testicular toxicity in mice. The nanogel was synthesized using 2 kGy gamma irradiation, enabling a size under 200 nm and enhanced hesperidin release at pH 6 matching testicular acidity. Male mice received 200 mg/kg AlCl3 and 10 mg/kg NaF daily for 30 days. Hesperidin nanogel at 20 mg/kg was administered orally either prophylactically (pretreatment) or after intoxication (posttreatment). The results showed that AlCl3 + NaF induced severe oxidative stress, hormonal disturbance, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum stress, evidenced by significant changes in the studied parameters and testicular histological damage. Hesperidin nanogel administration significantly inhibited oxidative stress markers, restored luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and testosterone levels, and alleviated tissue damage compared to the intoxicated group. It also downregulated the expression level of pro-apoptotic genes Bax, caspase-3, caspase-9, and P38MAPK, while upregulating the expression level of the anti-apoptotic BCL2 gene. Endoplasmic reticulum stress sensors PERK, ATF6, and IRE-α were also downregulated by the nanogel. The chitosan-based nanogel enhanced the delivery and efficacy of poorly bioavailable hesperidin, exhibiting remarkable protective effects against AlCl3 and NaF reproductive toxicity. This innovative nanosystem represents a promising approach to harnessing bioactive phytochemicals with delivery challenges, enabling protective effects against chemical-induced testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nora S Deiab
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt.
| | - Ahmad S Kodous
- Radiation Biology Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 13759, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), P.O. Box 600036, 38, Sardar Patel Road, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mohamed K Mahfouz
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt
| | - Alshaimaa M Said
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority (EAEA), Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omayma A R Abozaid
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Al Qalyubiyah, Egypt
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Kankılıç NA, Şimşek H, Akaras N, Gür C, Küçükler S, İleritürk M, Gencer S, Kandemir FM. The ameliorative effects of chrysin on bortezomib-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: Reduces oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation damage, apoptotic and autophagic death. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 190:114791. [PMID: 38849045 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
AIM Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor antineoplastic agent that was the first to be approved for cancer treatment. One of bortezomib's most prominent dose-limiting effects is nephrotoxicity; the underlying mechanism is believed to be oxidative stress. Chrysin is a compound found actively in honey and many plant species and stands out with its antioxidant properties. The present study aimed to determine the ameliorative effects of chrysin in bortezomib-induced nephrotoxicity. MATERIAL-METHOD Thirty-five male Wistar rats were divided into control, BTZ, CHR, BTZ + CHR25, and BTZ + CHR50. Biochemical, molecular, Western blot, and histological methods analyzed renal function indicators, oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and damage pathways. RESULTS Chrysin decreased oxidative stress by reducing oxidants (MDA) and increasing antioxidants (SOD, CAT, Gpx, GSH, Nrf-2, HO-1, NQO1). Chrysin reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress by decreasing ATF-6, PERK, IRE1, and GRP-78 levels. Chrysin reduced inflammation damage by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway. Chrysin exhibited protective properties against apoptotic damage by decreasing Bax and Caspase-3 levels and increasing Bcl-2 levels. In addition, chrysin improved renal function and structural integrity and exhibited healing properties against toxic damage in tissue structure. CONCLUSION Overall, chrysin exhibited an ameliorative effect against bortezomib-induced nephrotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Şimşek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Selman Gencer
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Genc S, Cicek B, Yeni Y, Kuzucu M, Hacimuftuoglu A, Bolat I, Yildirim S, Zaker H, Zachariou A, Sofikitis N, Mamoulakis C, Tsatsakis A, Taghizadehghalehjoughi A. Morinda citrifolia protective effects on paclitaxel-induced testis parenchyma toxicity: An experimental study. Reprod Toxicol 2024; 127:108611. [PMID: 38782144 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2024.108611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
The current study aimed to investigate the sensitivity of male testis parenchyma cells to chemotherapy agents and the protective effects and mechanisms of Morinda citrifolia (Noni) administration against structural and functional changes before and after chemotherapy (Paclitaxel (PTX)). For this purpose, rats were randomly assigned into four groups (Control = G1, PTX 5 mg/kg = G2; PTX + Noni 10 mg/kg = G3, PTX + Noni 20 mg/kg = G4). PTX was injected intraperitoneally for 4 consecutive weeks, at a dose of 5 mg/kg to all groups except the control group. Then noni was administrated in 10 (G3) and 20 (G4) mg/kg groups orally (gavage) for 14 days. Biochemical analyses, Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. According to our results, Total Oxidative Stress (TOS) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were significantly increased in the PTX group (P < 0.01). Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity and Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) levels were decreased (P < 0.01). The changes in the rats treated with PTX + Noni 20 mg/kg were noteworthy. The increased levels of IL1-β (Interleukin 1 beta) and TNFα (tumor necrosis factor-alpha) with PTX were down-regulated after treatment with PTX + Noni 20 mg/kg (P < 0.01) (9 % and 5 % respectively). In addition, Noni restored the testicular histopathological structure by reducing caspase-3 expression and significantly (61 %) suppressed oxidative DNA damage and apoptosis (by regulating the Bax (bcl-2-like protein 4)/Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma gene-2) ratio). In conclusion, Noni reduced cellular apoptosis and drastically changed Caspase 8 and Bax/Bcl-2 levels. Furthermore, it considerably decreases oxidative damage and can be used in testicular degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidika Genc
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey
| | - Betul Cicek
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Yesim Yeni
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Malatya 44210, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kuzucu
- Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Biology, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan 24100, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Hacimuftuoglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Ismail Bolat
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yildirim
- Faculty of Veterinary, Department of Pathology, Ataturk University, Erzurum 25240, Turkey
| | - Himasadat Zaker
- Histology and Microscopic Analysis division, RASTA Specialized Research Institute (RSRI), West Azerbaijan Science and Technology Park (WASTP), Urmia, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Charalampos Mamoulakis
- Department of Urology, University General Hospital of Heraklion, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Medical School, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ali Taghizadehghalehjoughi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik 11230, Turkey.
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Aborode AT, Kumar N, Olowosoke CB, Ibisanmi TA, Ayoade I, Umar HI, Jamiu AT, Bolarinwa B, Olapade Z, Idowu AR, Adelakun IO, Onifade IA, Akangbe B, Abacheng M, Ikhimiukor OO, Awaji AA, Adesola RO. Predictive identification and design of potent inhibitors targeting resistance-inducing candidate genes from E. coli whole-genome sequences. FRONTIERS IN BIOINFORMATICS 2024; 4:1411935. [PMID: 39132675 PMCID: PMC11310021 DOI: 10.3389/fbinf.2024.1411935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This work utilizes predictive modeling in drug discovery to unravel potential candidate genes from Escherichia coli that are implicated in antimicrobial resistance; we subsequently target the gidB, MacB, and KatG genes with some compounds from plants with reported antibacterial potentials. Method: The resistance genes and plasmids were identified from 10 whole-genome sequence datasets of E. coli; forty two plant compounds were selected, and their 3D structures were retrieved and optimized for docking. The 3D crystal structures of KatG, MacB, and gidB were retrieved and prepared for molecular docking, molecular dynamics simulations, and ADMET profiling. Result: Hesperidin showed the least binding energy (kcal/mol) against KatG (-9.3), MacB (-10.7), and gidB (-6.7); additionally, good pharmacokinetic profiles and structure-dynamics integrity with their respective protein complexes were observed. Conclusion: Although these findings suggest hesperidin as a potential inhibitor against MacB, gidB, and KatG in E. coli, further validations through in vitro and in vivo experiments are needed. This research is expected to provide an alternative avenue for addressing existing antimicrobial resistances associated with E. coli's MacB, gidB, and KatG.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neeraj Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bhupal Nobles’ College of Pharmacy, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Christopher Busayo Olowosoke
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Molecular Therapeutics, Osogbo, Nigeria
| | | | - Islamiyyah Ayoade
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Haruna Isiyaku Umar
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Platform, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Abdullahi Temitope Jamiu
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Basit Bolarinwa
- College of Medicine, Richmond Gabriel University, Richmond, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
| | - Zainab Olapade
- Department of Biology, Lamar University, Lamar, TX, United States
| | - Abidemi Ruth Idowu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Ibrahim O. Adelakun
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York Albany, Albany, NY, United States
| | | | - Benjamin Akangbe
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Modesta Abacheng
- School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Odion O. Ikhimiukor
- Department of Biological Sciences, University at Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, United States
| | - Aeshah A. Awaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University College of Taymaa, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ridwan Olamilekan Adesola
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Akaras N, Kucukler S, Gur C, Ileriturk M, Kandemir FM. Sinapic acid protects against lead acetate-induced lung toxicity by reducing oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, and endoplasmic reticulum stress damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024; 39:3820-3832. [PMID: 38530053 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Lead acetate (PbAc) is a compound that produces toxicity in many tissues after exposure. Sinapic acid (SNP) possesses many biological and pharmacological properties. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of SNP on the toxicity of PbAc in lung tissue. PbAc was administered orally at 30 mg/kg and SNP at 5 or 10 mg/kg for 7 days. Biochemical, genetic, and histological methods were used to investigate inflammatory, apoptotic, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and oxidative stress damage levels in lung tissue. SNP administration induced PbAc-reduced antioxidant (GSH, SOD, CAT, and GPx) and expression of HO-1 in lung tissue. It also reduced MDA, induced by PbAc, and thus alleviated oxidative stress. SNP decreased the inflammatory markers NF-κB, TNF-α and IL-1β levels induced by PbAc in lung tissue and exhibited anti-inflammatory effect. PbAc increased apoptotic Bax, Apaf-1, and Caspase-3 mRNA transcription levels and decreased anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 in lung tissues. SNP decreased apoptotic damage by reversing this situation. On the other hand, SNP regulated these markers and brought them closer to the levels of the control group. PbAc caused prolonged ER stress by increasing the levels of ATF6, PERK, IRE1α, GRP78 and this activity was stopped and tended to retreat with SNP. After evaluating all the data, While PbAc caused toxic damage in lung tissue, SNP showed a protective effect by reducing this damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nurhan Akaras
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Sefa Kucukler
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gur
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Ileriturk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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6
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Chen J, Fan X, Chen J, Luo X, Huang X, Zhou Z, He Y, Feng S, Jiao Y, Wang R, Ji M, Miao J, Zhang M, Wu B. Effects of hesperidin on the histological structure, oxidative stress, and apoptosis in the liver and kidney induced by NiCl 2. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1424711. [PMID: 38983771 PMCID: PMC11231102 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1424711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of hesperidin on the liver and kidney dysfunctions induced by nickel. The mice were divided into six groups: nickel treatment with 80 mg/kg, 160 mg/kg, 320 mg/kg hesperidin groups, 0.5% CMC-Na group, nickel group, and blank control group. Histopathological techniques, biochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and the TUNEL method were used to study the changes in structure, functions, oxidative injuries, and apoptosis of the liver and kidney. The results showed that hesperidin could alleviate the weight loss and histological injuries of the liver and kidney induced by nickel, and increase the levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alanine aminotransferase (GPT), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) in liver and blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine (Cr) and N-acetylglucosidase (NAG) in kidney. In addition, hesperidin could increase the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the liver and kidney, decrease the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and inhibit cell apoptosis. It is suggested that hesperidin could help inhibit the toxic effect of nickel on the liver and kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinquan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Xinmei Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Juan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Xin Luo
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Xin Huang
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Ziling Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yue He
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Shaohua Feng
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
| | - Yuqing Jiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Ruiqing Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Menya Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Jing Miao
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jiangsu Food and Pharmaceutical Science College, Huai’an, China
| | - Bangyuan Wu
- College of Life Sciences, China West Normal University, Nanchong, China
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Osama HM, Khadrawy SM, El-Nahass ES, Othman SI, Mohamed HM. Eltroxin and Hesperidin mitigate testicular and renal damage in hypothyroid rats: amelioration of oxidative stress through PPARγ and Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Lab Anim Res 2024; 40:19. [PMID: 38745206 PMCID: PMC11092223 DOI: 10.1186/s42826-024-00204-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thyroid hormones (THs) regulate growth, development and function of different tissues. Hypothyroidism is a common clinical disorder characterized by deficiency in THs and adversely affects the development and functions of several organs. This work aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of eltroxin (ELT), a hypothyroidism medication, and hesperidin (HSP), a flavonoid, against testicular and renal toxicity in hypothyroid rats. Twenty-four rats were divided into four groups and treated orally for 12 weeks. Group I (control), group II (hypothyroidism) received 20 mg/kg carbimazole (CBZ), group III received CBZ and 0.045 mg/kg ELT, and group IV received CBZ and 200 mg/kg HSP. RESULTS CBZ administration induced biochemical and histopathological changes in testis and kidney. Co-administration of ELT or HSP significantly (P < 0.05) ameliorated THs, reduced urea and creatinine while raised follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone in serum. Testicular and renal malondialdehyde level as a lipid peroxidation indicator, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were significantly (P < 0.05) decreased while glutathione content, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione-s-transferase activities were significantly (P < 0.05) increased. The histopathological changes were also diminished. Decreased mRNA and protein expressions of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma(PPARγ) in hypothyroid rats were up-regulated after ELT or HSP treatment. CONCLUSIONS ELT and HSP showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against CBZ-induced testicular and renal toxicity, and these effects may be promoted via activating Nrf2/HO-1 and PPARγ signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeel M Osama
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sally M Khadrawy
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
| | - El-Shaymaa El-Nahass
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sarah I Othman
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. BOX 84428, Riyadh, 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanaa M Mohamed
- Genetics and Molecular Biology Division, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Kankılıç NA, Şimşek H, Akaras N, Gür C, İleritürk M, Küçükler S, Akarsu SA, Kandemir FM. Protective effects of naringin on colistin-induced damage in rat testicular tissue: Modulating the levels of Nrf-2/HO-1, AKT-2/FOXO1A, Bax/Bcl2/Caspase-3, and Beclin-1/LC3A/LC3B signaling pathways. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23643. [PMID: 38348713 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Antimicrobial agent resistance has become a growing health issue across the world. Colistin (COL) is one of the drugs used in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria resulting in toxic effects. Naringin (NRG), a natural flavonoid, has come to the fore as its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiapoptotic activities. The aim of the present study was to determine whether NRG has protective effects on COL-induced toxicity in testicular tissue. Thirty-five male Spraque rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 7 per group): Control, COL, NRG, COL + NRG 50, COL + NRG 100. COL (15 mg/kg b.w., i.p., once per/day), and NRG (50 or 100 mg/kg, oral, b.w./once per/day) were administered for 7 days. The parameters of oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagic damage were evaluated by using biochemical, molecular, western blot, and histological methods in testicular issues. NRG treatment reversed the increased malondialdehyde level and reduced antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione) levels due to COL administration (p < 0.001), and oxidative stress damage was mitigated. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor-2 pathway, one of the antioxidant defence systems, was stimulated by NRG (p < 0.001). NRG treatment reduced the levels of markers for the pathways of apoptotic (p < 0.001) and autophagic (p < 0.001) damages induced by COL. Sperm viability and the live/dead ratio were reduced by COL but enhanced by NRG treatment. Testicular tissue integrity was damaged by COL but showed a tendency to improve by NRG. In conclusion, COL exhibited toxic effect on testicular tissue by elevating the levels of oxidative stress, apoptosis, autophagy, inflammation, and tissue damage. NRG demonstrated a protective effect by alleviating toxic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hasan Şimşek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Serkan A Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih M Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Ileriturk M, Ileriturk D, Kandemir O, Akaras N, Simsek H, Erdogan E, Kandemir FM. Naringin attenuates oxaliplatin-induced nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity: A molecular, biochemical, and histopathological approach in a rat model. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23604. [PMID: 38037725 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Oxaliplatin (OXL) is a significant therapy agent for the worldwide increase in cancer cases. Naringin (4',5,7-trihydroxy flavonon 7-rhamnoglucoside, NRG) has a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. This research aimed to investigate NRG activity in OXL-induced hepatorenal toxicity. Accordingly, OXL (4 mg/kg b.w.) in 5% glucose was injected intraperitoneally on the first, second, fifth, and sixth days, and NRG (50 and 100 mg/kg b.w.) was given orally 30 min before to treatment. Biochemical, genetic, and histological methods were utilized to investigate the function tests, oxidant/antioxidant status, inflammation, apoptosis, and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathways in kidney and liver tissues. Administration of NRG demonstrated an antioxidant effect by increasing the activities of OXL-induced reduced antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase) and decreasing the elevated lipid peroxidation parameter malondialdehyde levels. Nuclear factor-κB, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and inducible nitric oxide synthase levels increased in OXL administered groups but reduced in NRG-treated groups. In the OXL-administered groups, NRG reduced the apoptosis-inducing factors Caspase-3 and B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein levels, while elevating the antiapoptotic factor Bcl-2 levels. OXL triggered prolonged ER stress by increasing the levels of ER stress parameters activating transcription factor 6, protein kinase R-like ER kinase, inositol-requiring enzyme 1α, and glucose-regulated protein 78. Therefore, with the NRG administration, this activity was reduced and the ER stress level decreased. Taken together, it was found that OXL induced toxicity by increasing the levels of urea and creatinine, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase activities, inflammation, apoptosis, ER stress, and oxidants in the liver and kidney tissue, and NRG had a protective effect by reversing the deterioration in these pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ileriturk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Duygu Ileriturk
- Department of Educational Sciences, Kazım Karabekir Education Faculty, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ozge Kandemir
- Department of Food Processing, Aksaray Technical Sciences Vocational School, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Hasan Simsek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Ender Erdogan
- Department of Biochemsitry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Eruzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih M Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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10
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Şimşek H, Gür C, Küçükler S, İleritürk M, Akaras N, Öz M, Kandemir FM. Carvacrol Reduces Mercuric Chloride-Induced Testicular Toxicity by Regulating Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, Apoptosis, Autophagy, and Histopathological Changes. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023:10.1007/s12011-023-04022-2. [PMID: 38133725 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-04022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Mercuric chloride (HgCl2) is a heavy metal that is toxic to the human body. Carvacrol (CAR) is a flavonoid found naturally in plants and has many biological and pharmacological activities including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. This study aimed to investigate the efficacy of CAR in HgCl2-induced testicular tissue damage. HgCl2 was administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 1.23 mg/kg body weight alone or in combination with orally administered CAR (25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg body weight) for 7 days. Biochemical and histological methods were used to investigate oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and autophagy pathways in testicular tissue. CAR treatment increased HgCl2-induced decreased antioxidant enzyme (SOD, CAT, and GPx) activities and GSH levels. In addition, CAR reduced MDA levels, a marker of lipid peroxidation. CAR decreased the levels of inflammatory mediators NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, MAPK14, MAPK15, and JNK. The increases in apoptotic Bax and Caspase-3 with HgCl2 exposure decreased with CAR, while the decreased antiapoptotic Bcl-2 level increased. CAR reduced HgCl2-induced autophagy damage by increasing Beclin-1, LC3A, and LC3B levels. Overall, the data from this study suggested that testicular tissue damage associated with HgCl2 toxicity can be mitigated by CAR administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Şimşek
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey.
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Animal Science, Horasan Vocational College, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Öz
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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11
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Akarsu SA, Gür C, İleritürk M, Akaras N, Küçükler S, Kandemir FM. Effect of syringic acid on oxidative stress, autophagy, apoptosis, inflammation pathways against testicular damage induced by lead acetate. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127315. [PMID: 37801787 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metals are one of the environmental pollutants. Lead (Pb) is one of the most common of these heavy metals. In this study, it was aimed at investigating the effects of syringic acid (SA) against testicular toxicity in rats administered lead acetate (PbAc). METHODS In the present study, a total of 35 Sprague-Dawley rats, 7 in each group, were used. The rats were divided into 5 groups, with 7 male rats in each group. Rats were given PbAc and SA orally for 7 days. The effects of PbAc and SA on epididymal sperm quality and apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress and histopathological changes in testicular tissue were determined. RESULTS While PbAc disrupted the seminiferous tubules and produced atrophic images, SA corrected these histological abnormalities. PbAc adminisration significantly reduced the levels of SOD, GSH, GPx, CAT, NRF-2 and NQO1 and significantly increased the levels of MDA and 8-OHdG in the testicular tissue of rats, while SA improved this situation. NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-1β, NLRP3, RAGE, ATF6, PERK, IRE1, CHOP, and GRP78 genes expression levels increased with PbAc administration, however these levels decreased with SA administration. In addition, PbAc increased the levels of apoptotic markers Bax, Caspase-3 and APAF-1 and decreased the level of Bcl-2, while SA improved this situation. It was observed that PbAc significantly reduced sperm quality in rats, while SA positively affected sperm quality. CONCLUSION As a result, SA administered against PbAc-induced testicular dysfunction in rats can provide effective protection at doses of 25 mg/kg/bw and 50 mg/kg/bw.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Ali Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Mustafa İleritürk
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Akaras
- Department of Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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12
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Tuncer SÇ, Akarsu SA, Küçükler S, Gür C, Kandemir FM. Effects of sinapic acid on lead acetate-induced oxidative stress, apoptosis and inflammation in testicular tissue. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2656-2667. [PMID: 37471654 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effect of lead acetate (PbAc) and sinapic acid (SNP) administration on oxidative stress, apoptosis, inflammation, sperm quality and histopathology in testicular tissue of rats was tried to be determined. PbAc was administered at a dose of 30 mg/kg/bw for 7 days to induce testicular toxicity in rats. Oral doses of 5 and 10 mg/kg/bw SNP were administered to rats for 7 days after PbAc administration. According to our findings, while PbAc administration increased MDA content in rats, it decreased GPx, SOD, CAT activity and GSH content. NF-kB, IL-1β, TNF-α, and COX-2, which are among the inflammation parameters that increased due to PbAc, decreased with the administration of SNP. Nrf2, HO-1, and NQO1 mRNA transcript levels decreased with PbAc, but SNP treatments increased these mRNA levels in a dose-dependent manner. RAGE and NLRP3 gene expression were upregulated in PbAc treated rats. MAPK14, MAPK15, and JNK relative mRNA levels decreased with SNP treatment in PbAc treated rats. While the levels of apoptosis markers Bax, Caspase-3, and Apaf-1 increased in rats treated with PbAc, the level of Bcl-2 decreased, but SNP inhibited this apoptosis markers. PbAc caused histopathological deterioration in testis tissue and negatively affected spermatogenesis. When the sperm quality was examined, the decrease in sperm motility and spermatozoon density caused by PbAc, and the increase in the ratio of dead and abnormal spermatozoa were inhibited by SNP. As a result, while PbAc increased apoptosis and inflammation by inducing oxidative stress in testicles, SNP treatment inhibited these changes and increased sperm quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sibel Çiğdem Tuncer
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
| | - Serkan Ali Akarsu
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sefa Küçükler
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Cihan Gür
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Fatih Mehmet Kandemir
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Aksaray University, Aksaray, Turkey
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Uyar A, Cellat M, Kanat Ö, Etyemez M, Kutlu T, Deveci MYZ, Yavaş İ, Kuzu M. Carvacrol showed a curative effect on reproductive toxicity caused by Bisphenol AF via antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic properties. Reprod Toxicol 2023; 121:108456. [PMID: 37586593 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2023.108456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol AF (BPAF) is an endocrine disruptor, and human exposure to these chemicals is growing in industrialized nations. BPAF has been demonstrated in studies to have toxic effects on reproductive health. This study examined the effects of oral exposure to BPAF on the reproductive system and the protective effects of carvacrol in rats. From 32 Wistar albino rats, four separate groups were set up for this purpose. Carvacrol 75 mg/kg and BPAF 200 mg/kg were administered by oral gavage method. Rat sperm parameters and serum testosterone levels were measured after 28 days of administration. The study looked at the MDA in the testis tissues, as well as CAT, GPx, and GSH as antioxidants parameters, NF-κB and TNF-α as inflammatory markers, caspase-3 and Bcl-2 as apoptosis parameters, and PCNA as cell proliferation markers. In addition, testis tissues underwent histological evaluation. As a result, in rats exposed to only BPAF, sperm counts declined, testosterone levels reduced, oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis increased, and cell proliferation decreased. Furthermore, severe disruptions in tissue architecture and decreased spermatogenesis were reported. In contrast, sperm parameters improved, testosterone levels increased, oxidative stress and inflammation decreased, and apoptosis was prevented in the carvacrol-treated group compared to the BPAF-only group. It was also found that spermatogenesis was maintained, and structural abnormalities in testicular tissue were mostly avoided with an increase in PCNA expression. According to the findings, despite BPAF-induced testicular and reproductive toxicity, carvacrol had therapeutic potential due to its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, cell proliferation-increasing, and anti-apoptotic activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Uyar
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye.
| | - Mustafa Cellat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Özgür Kanat
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkiye
| | - Muhammed Etyemez
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Tuncer Kutlu
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Mehmet Yılmaz Zeki Deveci
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - İlker Yavaş
- Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkiye
| | - Müslüm Kuzu
- Karabuk University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Karabuk, Turkiye
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14
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Alqahtani MJ, Negm WA, Saad HM, Salem EA, Hussein IA, Ibrahim HA. Fenofibrate and Diosmetin in a rat model of testicular toxicity: New insight on their protective mechanism through PPAR-α/NRF-2/HO-1 signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115095. [PMID: 37413905 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most significant chemotherapeutic side effects of cisplatin (Cis) that limits its use and efficacy is testicular toxicity. Thus, the objective of the present study was to investigate the possible ameliorative effect of Fenofibrate (Fen), Diosmetin (D), and their combination against cis-mediated testicular damage. Fifty-four adult male albino rats were randomly allocated into nine groups (6 rats each): Control group, Fen (100 mg/kg), D20 (20 mg/kg), D40 (40 mg/kg), Cis group (7 mg/kg), Cis +Fen group (7 mg/kg+100 mg/kg), Cis+D20 group (7 mg/kg+20 mg/kg), Cis+D40 group (7 mg/kg+40 mg/kg), Cis+Fen+D40 treated group (7 mg/kg+100 mg/kg+40 mg/kg). Relative testicular weight, epididymal sperm count and viability, serum testosterone level, testicular oxidative stress indices, mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1), histopathological, and immunohistochemical alterations were assessed. Our results revealed that cis administration induced testicular oxidative and inflammatory damage as indicated by a substantial reduction in relative testicular weight, sperm parameters, serum testosterone levels, the antioxidant enzyme activity of catalase, and Johnson's histopathological score, PPAR-α/NRF-2/HO-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunoexpression with marked increment in malondialdehyde (MDA), Cosentino's score, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κβ p65), interleukin (IL)- 1β and caspase 3 in testicular tissue. Interestingly, Fen and D diminished the harmful effects of cis on testes via upregulation of the antioxidant activities and downregulation of lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, and inflammation. Moreover, the combination therapy Fen/D40 also exhibited a more pronounced enhancement of previous markers than either treatment alone. In conclusion, because of their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties, cotreatment with Fen or D or their combination could be beneficial in reducing the harmful impacts of cis on testicular tissue, particularly in patients that receive cis chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moneerah J Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Hebatallah M Saad
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of veterinary medicine, Matrouh University, Marsa Matrouh, Egypt.
| | - Esraa A Salem
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen ElKom 32511, Egypt.
| | - Ismail A Hussein
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt.
| | - Hanaa A Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tanta, Egypt.
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15
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Abu-Khudir R, Almutairi HH, Abd El-Rahman SS, El-Said KS. The Palliative and Antioxidant Effects of Hesperidin against Lead-Acetate-Induced Testicular Injury in Male Wistar Rats. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2390. [PMID: 37760831 PMCID: PMC10525152 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-induced reprotoxicity is a detrimental consequence of Pb exposure, which results in abnormal spermatogenesis, testicular degeneration, and pathogenic sperm changes. The association between impaired male reproductive function and Pb-induced oxidative stress (OS) has been demonstrated, with consequent testicular antioxidant deficiency. The current study investigated the protective role of the natural antioxidant hesperidin (HSD) against lead-acetate (PbAc)-induced testicular toxicity. Male Wistar rats (n = 40) were randomly divided into four experimental groups: Group I (negative control) received 2.0 mL/kg BW 0.9% saline; Group II received 100 mg/kg BW PbAc; Group III received 100 mg/kg BW HSD; and Group IV received HSD two hours before PbAc using the abovementioned doses. The treatments were administered daily for 30 consecutive days. The results showed that HSD treatment significantly restored PbAc-induced decrease in body, epididymal, and testicular weights as well as in semen parameters, reproductive hormones, and testicular markers of OS. Reduced MDA levels and improved testicular histopathological findings were also observed. Collectively, this study sheds light on the preventive role of HSD against PbAc-induced testicular injury, which is mediated via the suppression of OS and the modulation of reproductive hormones as well as the plausibility of HSD being used as a supplementary therapeutic option for recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Abu-Khudir
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 380, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Branch, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
| | - Hayfa Habes Almutairi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, P.O. Box 380, Hofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Sahar S. Abd El-Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt;
| | - Karim Samy El-Said
- Chemistry Department, Biochemistry Branch, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt;
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