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Lacroix M, Moreau J, Zampaloni C, Bissantz C, Shirvani H, Marchand S, Couet W, Chauzy A. Impact of nutritional factors on in vitro PK/PD modelling of polymyxin B against various strains of Acinetobacter baumannii. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107189. [PMID: 38697578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The main objective of this study was to assess the effect of rich artificial cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth (CAMHB) on the growth of three strains of Acinetobacter baumannii (ATCC 19606 and two clinical strains), either susceptible or resistant to polymyxin B (PMB), and on PMB bactericidal activity. A pharmacokinetic (PK)/pharmacodynamic (PD) modelling approach was used to characterize the effect of PMB in various conditions. Time-kill experiments were performed using undiluted CAMHB or CAMHB diluted to 50%, 25% and 10%, with or without Ca2+ and Mg2+ compensation (known to affect PMB activity), and with PMB concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 256 mg/L based on the strain's MIC. For each strain, time-kill replicates were modelled using NONMEM. Unexpectedly, dilution of CAMHB by up to 10-fold did not affect the growth rate of any of the three strains in the absence of PMB. However, the bactericidal activity of PMB increased with medium dilution, resulting in a reduction in the apparent bacterial regrowth of the various strains observed after a few hours. Data for each strain were well characterized by a PK/PD model, with two bacterial subpopulations with different susceptibility to PMB (more susceptible and less susceptible). The impact of medium dilution and cation compensation showed relatively high, unexplained between-strain variability. Further studies are needed to characterize the mechanism underlying the medium dilution effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathilde Lacroix
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM U1070, PHAR2, Poitiers, France; Institut Roche, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Jérémy Moreau
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM U1070, PHAR2, Poitiers, France
| | - Claudia Zampaloni
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Immunology, Infectious Disease and Ophthalmology, Roche Innovation Centre Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Caterina Bissantz
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Roche Innovation Centre Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Sandrine Marchand
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM U1070, PHAR2, Poitiers, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Toxicologie, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - William Couet
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM U1070, PHAR2, Poitiers, France; Département de Pharmacocinétique et Toxicologie, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Alexia Chauzy
- Université de Poitiers, INSERM U1070, PHAR2, Poitiers, France.
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El-Kawy OA, Ibrahim IT, Shweeta HA, Attallah KM. 99mTc-linezolid as a radiotracer for brain abscess: Labeling, in silico docking, and biodistribution studies. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 200:110917. [PMID: 37429223 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Brain abscess is a life-threatening condition that requires a timely and accurate diagnosis. In this study, linezolid, an oxazolidinone antibiotic, was labeled with technetium-99m according to the stannous chloride method. The labeling reaction factors were studied and optimized to achieve a high yield (97.4 ± 2.3%). The 99mTc-linezolid was radio- and physico-chemically characterized to assess its suitability as a radiopharmaceutical for the brain. In-silico docking to target peptidyltransferase showed an optimal binding fit (energy = -66.6 Kcal/mol). The complex was biologically evaluated in-vitro using binding assays in alive and heat-killed bacteria and in-vivo in an MRSA brain infection model. All results suggested that the labeled complex could potentially be a new nuclear imaging agent to diagnose and localize brain abscesses specifically.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A El-Kawy
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt.
| | - I T Ibrahim
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - H A Shweeta
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
| | - K M Attallah
- Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo, 13759, Egypt
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Nussbaumer-Pröll A, Zeitlinger M. Use of Supplemented or Human Material to Simulate PD Behavior of Antibiotics at the Target Site In Vitro. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12080773. [PMID: 32823957 PMCID: PMC7464672 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12080773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In antimicrobial drug development, in vitro antibiotic susceptibility testing is conducted in standard growth media, such as Mueller–Hinton broth (MHB). These growth media provide optimal bacterial growth, but do not consider certain host factors that would be necessary to mimic the in vivo bacterial environment in the human body. The present review aimed to include relevant data published between 1986 and 2019. A database search (PubMed) was done with text keywords, such as “MIC” (minimal inhibitory concentration), “TKC” (time kill curve), “blood”, “body fluid”, “PD” (pharmacodynamic), and “in vitro”, and 53 papers were ultimately selected. Additionally, a literature search for physiologic characteristics of body fluids was conducted. This review gives an excerpt of the complexity of human compartments with their physiologic composition. Furthermore, we present an update of currently available in vitro models operated either with adapted growth media or body fluids themselves. Moreover, the feasibility of testing the activity of antimicrobials in such settings is discussed, and pro and cons for standard practice methods are given. The impact on bacterial killing varies between individual adapted microbiological media, as well as direct pharmacodynamic simulations in body fluids, between bacterial strains, antimicrobial agents, and the compositions of the adjuvants or the biological fluid itself.
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Rebai L, Fitouhi N, Daghmouri MA, Bahri K. Linezolid for the treatment of postneurosurgical infection caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus. Surg Neurol Int 2019; 10:215. [PMID: 31819809 PMCID: PMC6884953 DOI: 10.25259/sni_455_2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Postneurosurgical infection (PNSI) is a major problem. Linezolid is a bacteriostatic oxazolidinone antibiotic with a highly activity against Gram-positive cocci resistant to methicillin and a good cerebrospinal fluid penetration. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of linezolid in the treatment of PNSI caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRS). Methods We conducted an observational study for all patients over 14 years old and diagnosed with MRS PNSI. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information were collected prospectively. Results A total of 10 patients with PNSI (6 meningitis, 2 ventriculitis, and 2 subdural empyema) received linezolid. MRS isolated was Staphylococcus aureus in seven cases and Staphylococcus epidermidis in three cases. All isolated microorganisms were susceptible to vancomycin (minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) = 2 mg/L) and linezolid (MIC = 1). The rate of microbiologic efficacy was 100% for patients with meningitis or ventriculitis. In the case of subdural empyema, focal infection had improved between 14 and 18 days. No adverse effects occurred during this study. Conclusion Our results suggest that linezolid as an alternative to vancomycin for the treatment of PNSI caused by MRS with a high rate of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi Rebai
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Uninversity of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Nizar Fitouhi
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Uninversity of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Mohamed Aziz Daghmouri
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Uninversity of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
| | - Kamel Bahri
- Departments of Neurosurgery, Traumatology and Severe Burns Center, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, Uninversity of Tunis El Manar, Tunisia
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Impact of erythrocytes on bacterial growth and antimicrobial activity of selected antibiotics. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2019; 38:485-495. [PMID: 30687870 PMCID: PMC6394813 DOI: 10.1007/s10096-018-03452-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It has been shown that protein binding, temperature, and pH influence in vitro pharmacodynamic (PD) models. The fact that corpuscular blood compounds might also have an important impact is something which has, until now, often been neglected. We investigated if the addition of human erythrocytes to standard growth media (Mueller Hinton Broth, MHBII) has an influence on bacterial growth behavior and on antibiotic efficacy. We did this by using bacterial growth assays and time kill curves (TKC) of selected strains (Escherichia coli ATCC25922, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC29213, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853) over 24 h. The final concentration of erythrocytes was set to match the physiological concentrations in the blood of a healthy human, i.e., 3 × 10^6 cells/μl in MHBII. Meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and tigecycline were tested with concentrations several-fold above and below the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). Moreover, HPLC analysis of antibiotic stability and distribution in erythrocytes was performed. Meropenem, ciprofloxacin, and tigecycline showed the greatest decline in activity against E. coli when erythrocytes were present. A mean difference in log10 bacterial killing between pure MHBII and 50%-Ery of 3.83, 1.33, and 2.42 was found for ciprofloxacin, meropenem, and tigecycline, respectively. In the case of ciprofloxacin, HPLC analysis revealed that less extracellular antibiotic is available in the presence of erythrocytes. We have demonstrated that erythrocytes do influence antimicrobial activity and that this might have an impact on the extrapolation of in vitro activity testing to in vivo efficacy in patients.
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Ochi F, Tauchi H, Nagai K, Moritani K, Tezuka M, Jogamoto T, Aibara K, Motoki T, Ishii E. Therapeutic Effect of Linezolid in Children With Health Care-Associated Meningitis or Ventriculitis. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2018; 57:1672-1676. [PMID: 30261749 DOI: 10.1177/0009922818803399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the efficacy of linezolid treatment in 6 children with health care-associated meningitis or ventriculitis (HCAMV) caused by gram-positive cocci. All children were diagnosed and treated at the Ehime University Hospital between January 2010 and December 2017. Of these, 5 were treated with linezolid as an empirical therapy. In these 5 patients, vancomycin was initially used but was changed to linezolid because of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture positivity (n = 3) and a high minimum inhibitory concentration of vancomycin (n = 2). The most common HCAMV pathogens were methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (n = 3). In 3 patients, vancomycin concentration was low in CSF but reached the target concentration in serum, while linezolid concentration was high in both CSF and serum. HCAMV treatment using antimicrobial agents with poor CSF penetration may increase the likelihood of therapy failure. Linezolid is more susceptible as the first-line treatment for HCAMV compared with vancomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiro Ochi
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Hisamichi Tauchi
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kozo Nagai
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kyoko Moritani
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Mari Tezuka
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Jogamoto
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Kaori Aibara
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takahiro Motoki
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eiichi Ishii
- 1 Department of Pediatrics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Toon, Ehime, Japan
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Saito K, Fukazawa R, Ogura S, Kasai T, Mizuno T. A case of extensive epidural abscess concomitant with intracranial involvement due to Staphylococcus aureus successfully treated with ceftriaxone in combination with linezolid and rifampin. eNeurologicalSci 2018; 14:1-3. [PMID: 30511025 PMCID: PMC6258884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ensci.2018.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kozo Saito
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465, Kajii-chou, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Ryosuke Fukazawa
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465, Kajii-chou, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Shiori Ogura
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465, Kajii-chou, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Takashi Kasai
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465, Kajii-chou, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
| | - Toshiki Mizuno
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, 465, Kajii-chou, Kawaramachi Hirokoji, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-0841, Japan
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Schwameis R, Syré S, Sarahrudi K, Appelt A, Marhofer D, Burau D, Kloft C, Zeitlinger M. Penetration of linezolid into synovial fluid and muscle tissue after elective arthroscopy. J Antimicrob Chemother 2017; 72:2817-2822. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkx219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
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Cabellos C, Garrigós C, Taberner F, Force E, Pachón-Ibañez ME. Experimental study of the efficacy of linezolid alone and in combinations against experimental meningitis due to Staphylococcus aureus strains with decreased susceptibility to beta-lactams and glycopeptides. J Infect Chemother 2014; 20:563-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2014.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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