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Boecker H, Daamen M, Maurer A, Bodensohn L, Werkhausen J, Lohaus M, Manunzio C, Manunzio U, Radbruch A, Attenberger U, Dukart J, Upadhyay N. Fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations associated with μ-opioid and dopamine receptor distributions in the central nervous system after high-intensity exercise bouts. FRONTIERS IN NEUROIMAGING 2024; 3:1332384. [PMID: 38455686 PMCID: PMC10917966 DOI: 10.3389/fnimg.2024.1332384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Dopaminergic, opiod and endocannabinoid neurotransmission are thought to play an important role in the neurobiology of acute exercise and, in particular, in mediating positive affective responses and reward processes. Recent evidence indicates that changes in fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (zfALFF) in resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) may reflect changes in specific neurotransmitter systems as tested by means of spatial correlation analyses. Methods Here, we investigated this relationship at different exercise intensities in twenty young healthy trained athletes performing low-intensity (LIIE), high-intensity (HIIE) interval exercises, and a control condition on three separate days. Positive And Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS) scores and rs-fMRI were acquired before and after each of the three experimental conditions. Respective zfALFF changes were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVAs. We examined the spatial correspondence of changes in zfALFF before and after training with the available neurotransmitter maps across all voxels and additionally, hypothesis-driven, for neurotransmitter maps implicated in the neurobiology of exercise (dopaminergic, opiodic and endocannabinoid) in specific brain networks associated with "reward" and "emotion." Results Elevated PANAS Positive Affect was observed after LIIE and HIIE but not after the control condition. HIIE compared to the control condition resulted in differential zfALFF decreases in precuneus, temporo-occipital, midcingulate and frontal regions, thalamus, and cerebellum, whereas differential zfALFF increases were identified in hypothalamus, pituitary, and periaqueductal gray. The spatial alteration patterns in zfALFF during HIIE were positively associated with dopaminergic and μ-opioidergic receptor distributions within the 'reward' network. Discussion These findings provide new insight into the neurobiology of exercise supporting the importance of reward-related neurotransmission at least during high-intensity physical activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Boecker
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcel Daamen
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Clinical Research, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Angelika Maurer
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Luisa Bodensohn
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Judith Werkhausen
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marvin Lohaus
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christian Manunzio
- Sportsmedicine, Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ursula Manunzio
- Sportsmedicine, Department of Paediatric Cardiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Ulrike Attenberger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Juergen Dukart
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Institute of Systems Neuroscience, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Neeraj Upadhyay
- Clinical Functional Imaging Group, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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de Lima LAP, de Lucas RD, Raison M, Achiche S. Is the understanding of V̇O 2 kinetics biased by the first-order multi-exponential model? Pflugers Arch 2020; 472:1661-1663. [PMID: 33146754 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-020-02487-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Sports Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Campus Universitário, Florianópolis, SC, 88040900, Brazil
| | - Maxime Raison
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500, Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC, H3T1J4, Canada
| | - Sofiane Achiche
- Mechanical Engineering Department, Polytechnique Montréal, 2500, Chemin de Polytechnique, Montréal, QC, H3T1J4, Canada
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de Lima LAP, Achiche S, de Lucas RD, Raison M. Second-order simultaneous components model for the overshoot and "slow component" in V̇O 2 kinetics. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2020; 280:103479. [PMID: 32593589 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2020.103479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The human oxygen uptake responses to exercise step on-transients present different shapes depending on the overshoot and/or the "slow component" manifestations. The conventional First-Order Multi-Exponential (FOME) model incorporates delayed add-on terms to comprise these phenomena, increasing parameter quantity, requiring a delayed recruitment of type II fibers to explain the "slow component," and not offering a unified structure for different individuals and intensity domains. We hypothesized that a model composed of two Second-Order Simultaneous Components (SOSC) would present a better overall fitting performance than the FOME. Fourteen well-trained male cyclists performed repeated step on-transitions to moderate, heavy, and severe cycling intensities, whose responses were fitted with FOME and SOSC models. The SOSC presented significantly smaller (p < 0.05) root mean squared errors for moderate, supra-moderate, and all intensities combined. Along with conceptual analyses, these findings suggest the SOSC as a comprehensive alternative to the FOME model, explaining all oxygen uptake step responses with as many parameters and without delayed add-on components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Antonio Pereira de Lima
- Mechanical Engineering Department of Polytechnique Montréal, 2500, Chemin de Polytechnique, H3T1J4, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Sofiane Achiche
- Mechanical Engineering Department of Polytechnique Montréal, 2500, Chemin de Polytechnique, H3T1J4, Montréal, QC, Canada.
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Sports Centre, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Brazil Campus Universitário, 88040900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Maxime Raison
- Mechanical Engineering Department of Polytechnique Montréal, 2500, Chemin de Polytechnique, H3T1J4, Montréal, QC, Canada.
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Nagle EF, Nagai T, Beethe AZ, Lovalekar MT, Zera JN, Connaboy C, Abt JP, Beals K, Nindl BC, Robertson RJ, Lephart SM. Reliability and Validity of a Pool-Based Maximal Oxygen Uptake Test to Examine High-Intensity Short-Duration Freestyle Swimming Performance. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:1208-1215. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000003113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Dale J, Glaister M. Moderate-Intensity Oxygen Uptake Kinetics: Is a Mono-Exponential Function Always Appropriate to Model the Response? RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2018; 89:309-321. [PMID: 30071182 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2018.1482399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the existence of the oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) overshoot and the effects of exercise intensity and fitness status on the [Formula: see text] response during moderate-intensity exercise. METHODS Twelve "high-fitness" (Mage = 26 ± 5 years; Mheight = 184.1 ± 5.4 cm; Mbody mass = 76.6 ± 8.9 kg; mean peak oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]peak) = 59.0 ± 3.3 mL·kg-1·min·-1) and 11 "moderate-fitness" (Mage = 29 ± 5 years; Mheight = 178.7 ± 7.5 cm; Mbody mass = 81.7 ± 10.9 kg; MV̇O2peak = 45.2 ± 3.1 mL·kg-1·min·-1) participants performed square-wave transitions from unloaded cycling to 3 different intensities (70%, 82.5%, and 95% of the gas exchange threshold). The data were modeled using both a mono-exponential function (Model 1) and a function that included a switch-on component (Model 2). The overshoot was computed by subtracting the steady state from the peak of the modeled response and by calculating the area of the curve that was above steady state. RESULTS The goodness of fit was affected by model type (p = .002) and exercise intensity (p < .001). High-fitness participants displayed a smaller τ (p < .05) and a larger amplitude (p < .05) and were more likely to overshoot the steady state (p = .035). However, while exercise intensity did affect the amplitude (p < .001), it did not affect τ (p ≥ .05) or the likelihood of an overshoot occurring (p = .389). CONCLUSION While exercise intensity did not alter the [Formula: see text] response, fitness status affected τ and the likelihood of an overshoot occurring. The overshoot questions the traditional approach to modeling moderate-intensity [Formula: see text] data.
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de Lima LAP, Raison M, Achiche S, de Lucas RD. Second order modeling for the pulmonary oxygen uptake on-kinetics: a comprehensive solution for overshooting and non-overshooting responses to exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2018; 125:1315-1328. [PMID: 29901434 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00147.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The human oxygen uptake (VO2) response to step-like increases in work rate is currently modeled by a First Order System Multi-Exponential (FOME) arrangement. Due to their first order nature, none of FOME model's exponentials is able to model an overshoot in the oxygen uptake kinetics (OVO2K). Nevertheless, OVO2K phenomena are observed in the fundamental component of trained individuals' step responses. We hypothesized that a Mixed Multi-Exponential (MiME) model, where the fundamental component is modeled with a second instead of a first order system, would present a better overall performance than that of the traditional FOME model in fitting VO2 on-kinetics at all work rates, either presenting or not OVO2K. Fourteen well-trained male cyclists performed three step on-transitions at each of three work rates below their individual lactate thresholds' work rate (WRLT), and two step on-transitions at each of two exercise intensities above WRLT. Averaged responses for each WR were fitted with MiME and FOME models. Root mean standard errors were used for comparisons between fitting performances. Additionally, a methodology for detecting and quantifying OVO2K phenomena is proposed. Second order solutions performed better (p<0.000) than the first order exponential when the OVO2K was present, and did not differ statistically (p=0.973) in its absence. OVO2K occurrences were observed below and, for the first time, above WRLT (88 and 7%, respectively). We concluded that the MiME model is more adequate and comprehensive than the FOME model in explaining VO2 step on-transient responses, considering cases with or without OVO2K altogether.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maxime Raison
- Mechanical Engineering, Polytechinque Montreal, Canada
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Powell C, Carson BP, Dowd KP, Donnelly AE. Simultaneous validation of five activity monitors for use in adult populations. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1881-1892. [DOI: 10.1111/sms.12813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Powell
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences; Centre for Physical Activity and Health Research; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
| | - B. P. Carson
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences; Centre for Physical Activity and Health Research; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
- Health Research Institute; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
| | - K. P. Dowd
- Department of Sport and Health; Faculty of Science; Athlone Institute of Technology; Athlone Westmeath Ireland
| | - A. E. Donnelly
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences; Centre for Physical Activity and Health Research; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
- Health Research Institute; University of Limerick; Limerick Ireland
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Powell C, Carson BP, Dowd KP, Donnelly AE. The accuracy of the SenseWear Pro3 and the activPAL3 Micro devices for measurement of energy expenditure. Physiol Meas 2016; 37:1715-1727. [DOI: 10.1088/0967-3334/37/10/1715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abstract
Muscular exercise requires transitions to and from metabolic rates often exceeding an order of magnitude above resting and places prodigious demands on the oxidative machinery and O2-transport pathway. The science of kinetics seeks to characterize the dynamic profiles of the respiratory, cardiovascular, and muscular systems and their integration to resolve the essential control mechanisms of muscle energetics and oxidative function: a goal not feasible using the steady-state response. Essential features of the O2 uptake (VO2) kinetics response are highly conserved across the animal kingdom. For a given metabolic demand, fast VO2 kinetics mandates a smaller O2 deficit, less substrate-level phosphorylation and high exercise tolerance. By the same token, slow VO2 kinetics incurs a high O2 deficit, presents a greater challenge to homeostasis and presages poor exercise tolerance. Compelling evidence supports that, in healthy individuals walking, running, or cycling upright, VO2 kinetics control resides within the exercising muscle(s) and is therefore not dependent upon, or limited by, upstream O2-transport systems. However, disease, aging, and other imposed constraints may redistribute VO2 kinetics control more proximally within the O2-transport system. Greater understanding of VO2 kinetics control and, in particular, its relation to the plasticity of the O2-transport/utilization system is considered important for improving the human condition, not just in athletic populations, but crucially for patients suffering from pathologically slowed VO2 kinetics as well as the burgeoning elderly population.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Poole
- Departments of Kinesiology, Anatomy, and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.
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Dotan R. ARE TRAINED ATHLETES LESS EFFICIENT THAN THEIR UNTRAINED COUNTERPARTS? Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42:1427; author reply 1428. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181df44d6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Boone J. RESPONSE. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181df44ee] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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BOONE JAN, KOPPO KATRIEN, BARSTOW THOMASJ, BOUCKAERT JACQUES. Aerobic Fitness, Muscle Efficiency, and Motor Unit Recruitment during Ramp Exercise. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2010; 42:402-8. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0b013e3181b0f2e2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Buchheit M, Laursen PB, Ahmaidi S. Effect of prior exercise on pulmonary O2 uptake and estimated muscle capillary blood flow kinetics during moderate-intensity field running in men. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2009; 107:460-70. [PMID: 19498090 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.91625.2008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of prior exercise on pulmonary O2 uptake (VO2p) and estimated muscle capillary blood flow (Qm) kinetics during moderate-intensity, field-based running was examined in 14 young adult men, presenting with either moderately fast (16 s<tauVO2p<30 s; MFK) or very fast VO2p kinetics (tauVO2p<16 s; VFK) (i.e., primary time constant, tauVO2p). On four occasions, participants completed a square-wave protocol involving two bouts of running at 90-95% of estimated lactate threshold (Mod1 and Mod2), separated by 2 min of repeated supramaximal sprinting. VO2p was measured breath by breath, heart rate (HR) beat to beat, and vastus lateralis oxygenation {deoxy-hemoglobin/myoglobin concentration (deoxy-[Hb+Mb])} using near-infrared spectroscopy. Mean response time of Qm (Qm MRT) was estimated by rearranging the Fick equation, using VO2p and deoxy-[Hb+Mb] as proxies of muscle O2 uptake (VO2) and arteriovenous difference, respectively. HR, blood lactate concentration, total hemoglobin, and Qm were elevated before Mod2 compared with Mod1 (all P<0.05). tauVO2p was shorter in VFK compared with MFK during Mod1 (13.1+/-1.8 vs. 21.0+/-2.5 s, P<0.01), but not in Mod2 (12.9+/-1.5 vs. 13.7+/-3.8 s, P=1.0). Qm MRT was shorter in VFK compared with MFK in Mod1 (8.8+/-1.9 vs. 17.0+/-3.4 s, P<0.01), but not in Mod2 (10.1+/-1.8 vs. 10.5+/-3.5 s, P=1.0). During Mod2, HR kinetics were slowed, whereas mean deoxy-[Hb+Mb] response time was unchanged. The difference in tauVO2p between Mod1 and Mod2 was related to Qm MRT measured at Mod1 (r=0.71, P<0.01). Present results suggest that local O2 delivery (i.e., Qm) may be a factor contributing to the VO2 kinetic during the onset of moderate-intensity, field-based running exercise, at least in subjects exhibiting moderately fast VO2 kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Buchheit
- Laboratory of Exercise Physiology and Rehabilitation, EA 3300, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Picardie, Jules Verne, F-80025, Amiens, France.
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Boone J, Koppo K, Bouckaert J. The response to submaximal ramp cycle exercise: Influence of ramp slope and training status. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2008; 161:291-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2008.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 03/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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