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Serra DS, de Souza KCL, Naidu ST, de Lima JR, de Lima Gondim F, Gomes MDM, Araújo RDS, de Oliveira MLM, Cavalcante FSÁ. Lung injury caused by exposure to the gaseous fraction of exhaust from biomass combustion (cashew nut shells): a mice model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:9568-9581. [PMID: 31919820 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-07576-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Currently, to reduce the use of nonrenewable energy sources in energy matrices, some industries have already incorporated biomass as a source of energy for their processes. Additionally, filters are used in an attempt to retain the particulate matter present in exhaust gases. In this work, the emission gases of a cashew nut shell (CNS) combustion reactor and the deleterious effects on the respiratory system of mice exposed to gaseous fraction present in CNS emissions (GF-CNS) are analyzed. The system for CNS combustion is composed of a cylindrical stainless steel burner, and exhaust gases generated by CNS combustion were directed through a chimney to a system containing two glass fiber filters to retain all the PM present in the CNS exhaust and, posteriorly, were directed to a mice exposure chamber. The results show changes in the variables of respiratory system mechanics (G, H, CST, IC, and PV loop area) in oxidative stress (SOD, CAT, and NO2-), as well as in the histopathological analysis and lung morphometry (alveolar collapse, PMN cells, mean alveolar diameter, and BCI). Through our results, it has been demonstrated that even with the use of filters by industries for particulate material retention, special attention should still be given to the gaseous fraction that is released into the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silveira Serra
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60714-903, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Jéssica Rocha de Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Federal Institute of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Mona Lisa Moura de Oliveira
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Av. Dr. Silas Munguba, 1700, Fortaleza, CE, 60714-903, Brazil
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Serra DS, Araujo RS, Oliveira MLM, Cavalcante FSA, Leal-Cardoso JH. Lung injury caused by occupational exposure to particles from the industrial combustion of cashew nut shells: a mice model. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2020; 76:1-11. [PMID: 32048551 DOI: 10.1080/19338244.2020.1726269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cashew nut shells (CNS) is already used in the energy matrix of some industries. However, it is necessary to know the harmful health effects generated by exposure to pollutants of its combustion, especially in the workers exposed to industrial pollutants. In addition, it is known that the incidence of asthma grows among workers in industries, and due to its previously reported biological effects of anethole, these will also be objects of the present study. We used 64 Balb/C mice, randomly divided into eight groups. Groups were sensitized and challenged with saline or ovalbumin, then subjected to intranasal instillation of 30 µg PM4.0 (occupational exposure) from the combustion of CNS or saline, and then were subsequently treated with oral anethole 300 mg/kg or 0.1% Tween 80. Our results serve as a starting point for the development of public policies for the prevention of diseases in workers that are exposed to the pollutants coming from industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Serra
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - R S Araujo
- Department of Chemistry and Environment, Federal Institute of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M L M Oliveira
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - F S A Cavalcante
- Science and Technology Center, State University of Ceará, Fortaleza-Ceará, Brazil
| | - J H Leal-Cardoso
- Ceará, Institute of Biomedical Sciences State University of Ceará, Ceará, Brazil
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Yu F, Ye K, Hu Y, Li J, An Y, Qu D. Exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons derived from vehicle exhaust gas induces premature senescence in mouse lung fibroblast cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 19:4326-4334. [PMID: 30942392 PMCID: PMC6471379 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Long‑term exposure to vehicle exhaust gas may lead to various age‑associated disorders, including cardiovascular disease and cancer. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) belong to an important class of carcinogens, which are released into the environment by vehicles and are detectable at high levels in Chinese urban areas. However, whether vehicle exhaust gas (EG), and in particular the PAHs derived from EG, are able to induce cell senescence remains unclear. In the present study, vehicle EG and pure PAHs were used as pollution sources to investigate the effects of long‑term exposure to PAH on the cellular processes occurring in mouse lung fibroblast cells (mLFCs). Using cell proliferation and apoptosis assays, it was demonstrated that benzopyrene (BaP) suppressed the proliferation of mLFCs, and benzanthracene (BaA) and BaP induced cell apoptosis. Molecular analysis suggested that long‑term exposure to BaA and BaP was able to increase the protein expression levels of p53, p21 and the apoptotic factors involved in the caspase cascade, including caspase‑3 and ‑9. Notably, the present study suggested that PAH exposure was able to promote cell senescence in mLFCs by activating the ATM serine/threonine kinase/H2A histone family member X pathway. The present study may provide novel insights into the underlying mechanism of vehicle EG and PAHs in promoting the development of age‑associated diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
| | - Ke Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
| | - Yunfeng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
| | - Jincheng Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Colorectal Surgery, China‑Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yonglei An
- Key Laboratory of Groundwater Resources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130021, P.R. China
| | - Dawei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130011, P.R. China
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Serra DS, Gomes MDM, Cavalcante FSÁ, Leal-Cardoso JH. Essential oil of Croton Zehntneri attenuates lung injury in the OVA-induced asthma model. J Asthma 2018; 56:1-10. [PMID: 29437496 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2018.1430828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Croton zehntneri Pax et Hoffm. is a Euphorbiaceae species, popularly known as "canela de cunhã," a native plant of northeastern Brazil, whose essential oil (EOCZ) shows relatively specific myorelaxant action for the smooth muscle of the airways and in the respiratory tract. Based on this information, EOCZ figures as a candidate for testing in the treatment of asthma, and the present study investigated the benefits of using EOCZ in an ovalbumin-induced asthma model. METHODS 48 male BALB/c mice were divided into six groups (n = 8). In the ST, SO100, and SO300 groups, mice were sensitized and challenged with saline, and then treated with 200 µL of 0.1% Tween 80, 100 mg/kg EOCZ and 300 mg/kg EOCZ, respectively. In the OT, OO100, and OO300 groups, mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA, and then treated with 200 µL of 0.1% Tween 80, 100 mg/kg EOCZ and 300 mg/kg EOCZ, respectively. RESULTS Our results demonstrated significant changes in all respiratory mechanics variables analyzed between the OO300 and OT groups demonstrating the effectiveness of EOCZ to attenuate the OVA-induced lung injury. In addition, the use of EOCZ at a dose of 300 mg/kg showed an antioxidant effect and decreased inflammatory cells in the pulmonary parenchyma. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that EOCZ was able to improve the lesion in the respiratory system of mice subjected to OVA-induced asthma. CONCLUSIONS The antioxidant action of EOCZ was likely the main mechanism of action in the reversal of this lesion, so more tests should be performed for its confirmation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Silveira Serra
- a Institute of Biomedical Sciences , State University of Ceará , Fortaleza , Ceará , Brazil
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Josino JB, Serra DS, Gomes MDM, Araújo RS, de Oliveira MLM, Cavalcante FSÁ. Changes of respiratory system in mice exposed to PM 4.0 or TSP from exhaust gases of combustion of cashew nut shell. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2017; 56:1-9. [PMID: 28858710 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 08/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is a topic discussed all over the world and the search for alternatives to reduce it is of great interest to many researchers. The use of alternative energy sources and biofuels seems to be the environmentally safer solution. In this work, the deleterious effects on the respiratory system of mice exposed to PM4.0 or TSP, present in exhaust gases from the combustion of CNS were investigated, through data from respiratory system mechanics, oxidative stress, histopathology and morphometry of the parenchyma pulmonary. The results show changes in all variables of respiratory system mechanics, in oxidative stress, the histopathological analysis and lung morphometry. The results provide experimental support for epidemiological observations of association between effects on the respiratory system and exposure to PM4.0 or TSP from CNS combustion exhaust gases, even at acute exposure. It can serve as a basis for regulation or adjustment of environmental laws that control the emissions of these gases.
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