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García-Salazar E, Acosta-Altamirano G, Betancourt-Cisneros P, Reyes-Montes MDR, Rosas-De-Paz E, Duarte-Escalante E, Sánchez-Conejo AR, Ocharan Hernández E, Frías-De-León MG. Detection and Molecular Identification of Eight Candida Species in Clinical Samples by Simplex PCR. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10020374. [PMID: 35208828 PMCID: PMC8880469 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic candidiasis is a frequent opportunistic mycosis that can be life-threatening. Its main etiological agent is Candida albicans; however, the isolation of non-albicans Candida species has been increasing. Some of these species exhibit greater resistance to antifungals, so the rapid and specific identification of yeasts is crucial for a timely diagnosis and optimal treatment of patients. Multiple molecular assays have been developed, based mainly on polymerase chain reaction (PCR), showing high specificity and sensitivity to detect and identify Candida spp. Nevertheless, its application in diagnosis has been limited due to specialized infrastructure or methodological complexity. The objective of this study was to develop a PCR assay that detects and identifies some of the most common pathogenic Candida species and evaluate their diagnostic utility in blood samples and bronchial lavage. A pair of oligonucleotides was designed, CandF and CandR, based on sequence analysis of the 18S-ITS1-5.8S-ITS2-28S region of the rDNA of Candida spp., deposited in GenBank. The designed oligonucleotides identified C. albicans, C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, C. parapsilosis, C. krusei/Pichia kudriazevii, C. guilliermondii/Meyerozyma guilliermondii, C. lusitaniae/Clavispora lusitaniae, and C. dubliniensis using simplex PCR based on the amplicon size, showing a detection limit of 10 pg/μL of DNA or 103 yeasts/mL. Based on cultures as the gold standard, it was determined that the sensitivity (73.9%), specificity (96.3%), and the positive (94.4%) and negative (81.2%) predictive values of the PCR assay with the designed oligonucleotides justify their reliable use in diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo García-Salazar
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México—Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico; (E.G.-S.); (G.A.-A.)
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07340, Mexico;
| | - Gustavo Acosta-Altamirano
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México—Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico; (E.G.-S.); (G.A.-A.)
| | - Paola Betancourt-Cisneros
- Unidad de Investigación en Sistemática Vegetal y Suelo, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
| | - María del Rocío Reyes-Montes
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.d.R.R.-M.); (E.D.-E.)
| | - Emmanuel Rosas-De-Paz
- Unidad de Microbiología, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de l’Escorxador, s/n, 43003 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Esperanza Duarte-Escalante
- Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (M.d.R.R.-M.); (E.D.-E.)
| | - Alma Rosa Sánchez-Conejo
- Dirección General, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México—Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico;
| | - Esther Ocharan Hernández
- Programa de Maestría en Ciencias de la Salud, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 07340, Mexico;
| | - María Guadalupe Frías-De-León
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal México—Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico; (E.G.-S.); (G.A.-A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-5559729800
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de la Rosa-García E, Olalde-Hernández MJ, Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Mondragón-Padilla A, Mendoza-Juache A, Sánchez-Vargas LO. Antifungal susceptibility of oral isolates of Candida species from chronic kidney disease patients on chronic dialysis. J Mycol Med 2020; 30:101009. [PMID: 32620497 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.101009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Chronic renal disease patients under chronic dialysis (CRDD) have a multifactorial immunological deterioration with an increased risk of Candida infections. Incidence of Candida infections is increasing. Choice of suitable antifungal agents is limited due to the resistance of some species to several antifungals. Aim of the present study was to identify the distribution and antifungal susceptibility patterns of oral isolated Candida species from infected and colonized patients, as well as to investigate the risk factors for oral infection in patients on dialysis. Cross-sectional study, approved by the institutional bioethics committees was performed in CRDD patients. Demographic, clinic data, and oral mucosa samples were obtained. Infection diagnosis was established clinically and confirmed with exfoliative cytology, each sample was plated on CHROMagar Candida and incubated at 36°C for 2 days. Yeast species were identified by carbohydrate assimilation ID 32C AUX system and the apiweb database. For the antifungal susceptibility test, the M44 A-3 method (CLSI) using fluconazole (FCZ), miconazole (MCZ), nystatin (NYS), and voriconazole (VCZ). Study included 119 participants, the main cause of CRD was nephropathy due to DM2 (58%), and three-fourths of the patients were under hemodialysis. Candida prevalence was 56.3% of 67 colonized or infected patients, 88 isolates were obtained. Principal identified species were C. albicans (51.1%), C. glabrata (25%), and C. tropicalis (14.8%). C. glabrata showed a reduced response to FCZ in 50% of isolates and C. albicans had a reduced response in 16% of the isolates. Antifungal agent with the least efficacious response or with the lowest susceptibility in the isolates of these patients was MCZ, followed by VCZ and FCZ, whereas NYS induced the best antifungal response.
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Affiliation(s)
- E de la Rosa-García
- Department of Health Care, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico
| | - M J Olalde-Hernández
- Department of Health Care, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico
| | - M E Irigoyen-Camacho
- Department of Health Care, Autonomous Metropolitan University-Xochimilco, México City, Mexico
| | - A Mondragón-Padilla
- Simplified Surgery Specialty Clinic "Dr. Pedro Barcenas Hiriart", Institute of Social Security and Services of State Workers (ISSSTE), San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - A Mendoza-Juache
- Biochemistry and Microbiology laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology - University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico
| | - L O Sánchez-Vargas
- Biochemistry and Microbiology laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology - University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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Molecular identification of Candida species, assessment of the antifungal susceptibility and the genetic relationship of Candida albicans isolated from immunocompromised patients in Kerman, Iran. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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de Paula Menezes R, Silva FF, Melo SGO, Alves PGV, Brito MO, de Souza Bessa MA, Amante Penatti MP, Pedroso RS, Abdallah VOS, Röder DVDB. Characterization of Candida species isolated from the hands of the healthcare workers in the neonatal intensive care unit. Med Mycol 2019; 57:588-594. [PMID: 30388269 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myy101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Colonization of health professional hands by potentially pathogenic microorganisms capable to expressing virulence factors, such as Candida spp., is worrisome because of the high contact between patients and professionals. The study aims to evaluate, in vitro, the following virulence factors: hemolytic activity, DNAse expression, biofilm formation, and susceptibility for antifungal agents of Candida species isolated from health professionals hands of a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). The study includes 50 isolates of Candida spp.: 19 C. parapsilosis sensu stricto, three C. metapsilosis, one C. orthopsilosis, seven C. albicans, six C. famata, five C. lusitaniae, three C. krusei, two C. kefyr, two C. tropicalis, one C. glabrata, and one C. guilliermondii. The hemolytic activity and DNAse were investigated using blood agar and DNAse agar, respectively. Biofilm production was evaluated through XTT sodium salt reduction ability, and the susceptibility of the isolates to antifungals through the microdilution methodology. Forty-nine isolates presented at least one of the three virulence factors investigated. C. albicans showed more intense hemolytic activity. DNAse production was statistically significant between the C. parapsilosis complex and C. albicans, as well as between the C. parapsilosis complex and C. krusei, even as between C. famata and C. albicans, and between C. famata and C. krusei. Forty-three isolates produced biofilm. Seventy-eight percent of the isolates were sensitive to the three antifungals tested. This study demonstrated that Candida isolated from healthcare professionals' hands has virulence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralciane de Paula Menezes
- HealthTechnical School- ESTES, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Felipe F Silva
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Priscila G V Alves
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Murilo O Brito
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Reginaldo S Pedroso
- HealthTechnical School- ESTES, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Vânia O S Abdallah
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
| | - Denise von D B Röder
- Health Sciences Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Medicine- FAMED, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, ICBIM, UFU, Uberlandia, MG, Brazil
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Jafari Z, Motamedi M, Jalalizand N, Shokoohi GR, Charsizadeh A, Mirhendi H. Comparison of CHROMagar, polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, and polymerase chain reaction-fragment size for the identification of Candida species. Curr Med Mycol 2017; 3:10-15. [PMID: 29707668 PMCID: PMC5914921 DOI: 10.29252/cmm.3.3.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 12/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The epidemiological alteration in the distribution of Candida species, as well as the significantly increasing trend of either intrinsic or acquired resistance of some of these fungi highlights the need for a reliable method for the identification of the species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is one of the methods facilitating the quick and precise identification of Candida species. The aim of this study was to compare the efficiency of CHROMagar, PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and PCR-fragment size polymorphism (PCR-FSP) assays in the identification of Candida species to determine the benefits and limitations of these methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted on 107 Candida strains, including 20 standard strains and 87 clinical isolates. The identification of the isolates was accomplished by using CHROMagar as a conventional method. The PCR-RFLP assay was performed on the entire internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of ribosomal DNA (rDNA), and the consequent enzymatic digestion was compared with PCR-FSP results in which ITS1 and ITS2 regions were separately PCR amplified. In both molecular assays, yeast identification was carried out through the specific electrophoretic profiles of the PCR products. RESULTS According to the results, the utilization of CHROMagar resulted in the identification of 29 (33.3%) Candida isolates, while the PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP facilitated the identification of 83 (95.4%) and 80 (91.9%) clinical isolates, respectively. The obtained concordances between CHROMagar and PCR-RFLP, between CHROMagar and PCR-FSP, as well as between PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP were 0.23, 0.20, and 0.77, respectively. CONCLUSION The recognition of the benefits and limitations of PCR methods allows for the selection of the most efficient technique for a fast and correct differentiation. The PCR-RFLP and PCR-FSP assays had satisfactory concordance. The PCR-FSP provides a rapid, technically simple, and cost-effective method for the identification of Candida species. Nevertheless, to accurately differentiate among the taxonomically related species, PCR-RFLP should be implemented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Jafari
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marjan Motamedi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nilufar Jalalizand
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, National Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gholam. R Shokoohi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Arezu Charsizadeh
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirhendi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Candida species isolation in peristomal skin in patients with abdominal stomas and correlation to clinical signs: a descriptive pilot study. Adv Skin Wound Care 2016; 27:500-4. [PMID: 25325226 DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000455691.96993.ab] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The reported prevalence of candidiasis in peristomal skin varies greatly. Very few studies exist that correlate the clinical findings around the peristomal skin to the mycology. In this study, the authors report on Candida species prevalence, clinical correlation, and mycology.
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Souza MN, Ortiz SO, Mello MM, Oliveira FDM, Severo LC, Goebel CS. COMPARISON BETWEEN FOUR USUAL METHODS OF IDENTIFICATION OF Candida SPECIES. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 57:281-7. [PMID: 26422150 PMCID: PMC4616911 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000400002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Infection by Candidaspp. is associated with high mortality rates, especially when treatment is not appropriate and/or not immediate. Therefore, it is necessary to correctly identify the genus and species of Candida. The aim of this study was to compare the identification of 89 samples of Candida spp. by the manual methods germ tube test, auxanogram and chromogenic medium in relation to the ID 32C automated method. The concordances between the methods in ascending order, measured by the Kappa index were: ID 32C with CHROMagar Candida(κ = 0.38), ID 32C with auxanogram (κ = 0.59) and ID 32C with germ tube (κ = 0.9). One of the species identified in this study was C. tropicalis,which demonstrated a sensitivity of 46.2%, a specificity of 95.2%, PPV of 80%, NPV of 81.1%, and an accuracy of 80.9% in tests performed with CHROMagar Candida;and a sensitivity of 76.9%, a specificity of 96.8%, PPV of 90.9%, NPV of 91%, and an accuracy of 91% in the auxanogram tests. Therefore, it is necessary to know the advantages and limitations of methods to choose the best combination between them for a fast and correct identification of Candidaspecies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Luiz Carlos Severo
- Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS, BR
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Menezes RDP, Borges AS, Araujo LBD, Pedroso RDS, Röder DVDDB. RELATED FACTORS FOR COLONIZATION BY Candida SPECIES IN THE ORAL CAVITY OF HIV-INFECTED INDIVIDUALS. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016; 57:413-9. [PMID: 26603229 PMCID: PMC4660451 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000500008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
UNLABELLED The colonization of the oral cavity is a prerequisite to the development of oropharyngeal candidiasis. AIMS The aims of this study were: to evaluate colonization and quantify Candida spp. in the oral cavity; to determine the predisposing factors for colonization; and to correlate the levels of CD4+ cells and viral load with the yeast count of colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) in HIV-positive individuals treated at a University Hospital. Saliva samples were collected from 147 HIV patients and were plated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar (SDA) and chromogenic agar, and incubated at 30 ºC for 72 h. Colonies with similar morphology in both media were counted and the result expressed in CFU/mL. RESULTS Of the 147 HIV patients, 89 had positive cultures for Candida spp., with a total of 111 isolates, of which C. albicans was the most frequent species (67.6%), and the mean of colonies counted was 8.8 × 10³ CFU/mL. The main predisposing factors for oral colonization by Candida spp. were the use of antibiotics and oral prostheses. The use of reverse transcriptase inhibitors appears to have a greater protective effect for colonization. A low CD4+ T lymphocyte count is associated with a higher density of yeast in the saliva of HIV patients.
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de Paula Menezes R, de Melo Riceto ÉB, Borges AS, de Brito Röder DVD, dos Santos Pedroso R. Evaluation of virulence factors of Candida albicans isolated from HIV-positive individuals using HAART. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 66:61-5. [PMID: 26913969 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Revised: 12/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The colonization by Candida species is one of the most important factors related to the development of oral candidiasis in HIV-infected individuals. The aim of the study was to evaluate and discuss the phospholipase, proteinase, DNAse and haemolytic activities of Candida albicans isolated from the oral cavity of HIV individuals with high efficiency antiretroviral therapy. Seventy-five isolates of C. albicans obtained from saliva samples of patients with HIV and 41 isolates from HIV-negative individuals were studied. Haemolytic activity was determined in Sabouraud dextrose agar plates containing 3% glucose and 7% sheep red cells. Culture medium containing DNA base-agar, egg yolk, and bovine albumin were used to determine DNase, phospholipase and proteinase activities, respectively. All isolates from the HIV patients group had haemolytic activity, 98% showed phospholipase activity, 92% were positive for proteinase and 32% DNAse activity. Regarding the group of indivídios HIV negative, all 41 isolates presented hemolytic activity, 90.2% showed phospholipase and proteinase activity and 12.2% were positive for DNAse. The phospholipase activity was more intense for the group of HIV positive individuals. DNase production was more frequently observed in the group of HIV-positive individuals. The percentage of isolates having DNAse activity was also significantly different between the groups of patients not using any antiretroviral therapy, those using transcriptase inhibitors and those using transcriptase inhibitor and protease inhibitor in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralciane de Paula Menezes
- Technical School of Health, Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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Menezes RDP, Ferreira JC, de Sá WM, Moreira TDA, Malvino LDS, de Araujo LB, Röder DVDDB, Penatti MPA, Candido RC, Pedroso RDS. FREQUENCY OF Candida SPECIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL IN TRIANGULO MINEIRO, MINAS GERAIS STATE, BRAZIL. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 2016. [PMID: 26200956 PMCID: PMC4544240 DOI: 10.1590/s0036-46652015000300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Infections by Candida species are a high-impact problem in public
health due to their wide incidence in hospitalized patients. The goal of this study
was to evaluate frequency, susceptibility to antifungals, and genetic polymorphism of
Candida species isolated from clinical specimens of hospitalized
patients. The Candida isolates included in this study were obtained
from blood cultures, abdominal fluids, and central venous catheters (CVC) of
hospitalized patients at the Clinical Hospital of the Federal University of
Uberlândia during the period of July 2010 - June 2011. Susceptibility tests were
conducted by the broth microdilution method. The RAPD-PCR tests used employed
initiator oligonucleotides OPA09, OPB11, and OPE06. Of the 63
Candida isolates, 18 (28.5%) were C. albicans,
20 (31.7%) were C. parapsilosis complex species, 14 (22.2%)
C. tropicalis, four (6.4%) C. glabrata, four
(6.4%) C. krusei, two (3.3%) C. kefyr, and one
(1.6%) C. lusitaniae. In vitro resistance to
amphotericin B was observed in 12.7% of isolates. In vitroresistance
to azoles was not detected, except for C. krusei. The two primers,
OPA09 and OPB11, were able to distinguish different species. Isolates of C.
albicans and C. parapsilosis complex species presented
six and five clusters, respectively, with the OPA09 marker by RAPD-PCR, showing the
genetic variability of the isolates of those species. It was concluded that members
of the C. parapsilosis complex were the most frequent species found,
and most isolates were susceptible to the antifungals amphotericin B, flucozanole,
and itraconazole. High genetic polymorphisms were observed for isolates of C.
albicans and C. parapsilosis complex species, mainly
with the OPA09 marker.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joseane Cristina Ferreira
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Regina Celia Candido
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Sánchez-Vargas LO, Estrada-Barraza D, Pozos-Guillen AJ, Rivas-Caceres R. Biofilm formation by oral clinical isolates of Candida species. Arch Oral Biol 2013; 58:1318-26. [PMID: 23849353 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2013.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2012] [Revised: 05/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We have conducted a longitudinal study to quantify biofilms in oral clinical isolates of Candida species (spp.) from adults with local and systemic predisposing factors for candidiasis. A total of 69 yeast isolates from 63 Mexican patients were evaluated. These isolates (39 C. albicans, 15 C. tropicalis, 7 C. glabrata, 4 C. krusei, 1 C. lusitaniae, 1 C. kefyr, 1 C. guilliermondii and 1 C. pulcherrima) were obtained from two clinical sites: 62.3% (n=43) from the oral mucosa of totally and partially edentulous patients, and 37.7% (n=26) from the oral mucosa of diabetics. In addition, Candida ATCC strains were used as controls for each experiment. The kinetics of biofilm formation were measured by 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide [XTT] reduction; each isolate was tested at 6, 12 and 24h. Biofilm formation is dependent on the Candida spp. and its clinical origin. On average, the oral isolates of C. glabrata are strong biofilm producers, whereas C. albicans and C. tropicalis are moderate producers. The most common species in our population was C. albicans. While the kinetics of C. albicans biofilm formation varies between oral isolates, it generally maintains steady growth from 2 to 48h, when it reaches its maximum growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Octavio Sánchez-Vargas
- Oral Microbiology, Pathology and Biochemical laboratory, Faculty of Stomatology, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
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