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Ball LN, Jacobs MV, McLouth CJ, Clasey J, Francomano C, Sheppard MB, Samaan MA. Assessment of gait mechanics and muscle strength in hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2024; 113:106210. [PMID: 38412743 PMCID: PMC10988131 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2024.106210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome, a heritable connective tissue disorder, is associated with muscle dysfunction, joint subluxations and pain. The impact of hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome on musculoskeletal mechanics is understudied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome on lower extremity gait mechanics and muscle strength. METHODS Eleven people with hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome and 11 asymptomatic controls underwent a 3D gait analysis and isometric hip and knee muscle strength assessment. Joint subluxations were self-reported by the hypermobile Ehlers Danlos syndrome group. Independent t-tests and Mann Whitney U tests were used to analyze joint mechanics, muscle strength, and patient report outcomes (p < 0.05). FINDINGS Both groups exhibited similar walking speeds as well as similar hip, knee, and ankle joint kinematics. The hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome group walked with a lower peak hip extensor moment (hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome: -0.52 ± 0.28 Nmˑkg-1, Control: -0.83 ± 0.26 Nmˑkg-1, p = 0.01) yet similar knee and ankle joint moments. The hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome group exhibited a 40% deficit in peak hip extensor strength (hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome:1.07 ± 0.53 Nmˑkg-1, Control: 1.77 ± 0.79 Nmˑkg-1, p = 0.04). Approximately 73%, 55% and 45% of the hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome cohort self-reported hip, knee/patella and ankle joint subluxations, respectively, at least once a week. INTERPRETATION Patients with hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome ambulated with altered hip extensor moments and exhibit hip extensor weakness. Future work should investigate the underlying mechanisms of hip extensor weakness and corresponding effects on joint health in people with hypermobile Ehlers Danlos Syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsey N Ball
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
| | - Mariana V Jacobs
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | | | - Jody Clasey
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Clair Francomano
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Mary B Sheppard
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, Surgery, and Physiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Saha Aortic Center and Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Michael A Samaan
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
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Palomo-Toucedo IC, Domínguez-Maldonado G, Reina-Bueno M, Vázquez-Bautista MDC, Ramos-Ortega J, Castillo-López JM, Munuera-Martínez PV. Foot Pain and Disability in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Relationship with Quality of Life. J Clin Med 2023; 12:6284. [PMID: 37834928 PMCID: PMC10573195 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12196284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to investigate the relationship foot pain and foot disability have with HRQoL in groups of women with RA, SLE and EDS, in comparison with a control group. A cross-sectional study was carried out with females with one of these conditions and a control group. The SF-12 questionnaire was used to collect data about quality of life. The type of foot was classified according to the footprint and the foot posture index. A total of 156 patients and 47 controls participated in the study (N = 203). Neither pain nor foot posture were different between groups. The physical and mental components of SF-12 were worse in rheumatoid arthritis and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome patients, and the physical component was worse in systemic lupus erythematosus patients, compared to controls. A significant difference was also observed in the mental component between systemic lupus erythematosus and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome patients, the latter having the lowest values among the groups. We can conclude that women with rheumatoid arthritis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus and foot pain perceive a worse quality of life. There are no significant changes in foot posture. Pain and health-related quality of life are independent of foot posture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - María Reina-Bueno
- Department of Podiatry, University of Seville, Calle Avicena, s/n., 41009 Seville, Spain; (I.C.P.-T.); (G.D.-M.); (M.d.C.V.-B.); (J.R.-O.); (J.M.C.-L.); (P.V.M.-M.)
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Synchronized Cyclograms to Assess Inter-Limb Symmetry during Gait in Post-Stroke Patients. Symmetry (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/sym14081560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess the inter-limb symmetry during gait in post-stroke patients using the synchronized cyclograms technique. In total, 41 individuals with stroke (21 left and 20 right hemiplegic patients; age: 57.9 ± 12.8 years; time stroke event 4.6 ± 1.8 years) and 48 age-, sex-, and height-matched individuals (control group: CG; age: 54.4 ± 12.5 years) were assessed via 3D gait analysis. Raw kinematic data were processed to compute spatio-temporal parameters (speed, stride length, cadence, stance, swing, and double support phases duration) and angle–angle diagrams (synchronized cyclograms), which were characterized in terms of area, orientation, and trend symmetry indices. The results reveal that all spatio-temporal parameters are characterized by abnormal values, with reduced speed, stride length, cadence, and swing phase duration and increased stance and double support phases duration. With respect to inter-limb symmetry, higher values were found in post-stroke individuals for all the considered parameters as patients generally exhibited a cyclogram characterized by larger areas, higher orientation, and trend symmetry parameters with respect to CG. The described alterations of gait asymmetry are important from a clinical point of view as the achievement of symmetry in gait represents a crucial objective in the rehabilitation of hemiplegic people.
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Shen JJ, Jin XX, Bao SX, Zhou ZY, Xu FY, Xu RQ. Enhancing the differentiation of walking and standing via the ratio of plantar pressures. Proc Inst Mech Eng H 2021; 236:376-384. [PMID: 34865564 DOI: 10.1177/09544119211058914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Differentiation of standing and walking based on plantar pressures is helpful in developing strategies to reduce health risks in the workplace. In order to improve the differentiation ability, the paper proposes a new metric for posture differentiation, that is, the pressure ratio on the two anatomical plantar regions. The plantar pressures were collected from 30 persons during walking and standing. After verifying the normal distribution of the pressure ratio by the Monte Carlo method, two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was conducted for the pressure ratios. The advantage of the pressure ratio over two conventional pressure metrics (the average pressure and the peak pressure) is demonstrated by its much larger size effect. Furthermore, the pressure ratio permits to establish value ranges corresponding to walking and standing, which are less influenced by specific person factors, thus facilitating the design of a standardized posture recognition system. The underlying mechanism underlying the pressure ratio is discussed from the aspect of biomechanics of movement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Jin Shen
- College of Automation, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Xiao Jin
- Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Xing Bao
- College of Automation, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhen Yu Zhou
- College of Automation, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Feng Yu Xu
- College of Automation, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
| | - Rong Qing Xu
- College of Electronic and Optical Engineering, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing, China
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Torgutalp ŞŞ, Babayeva N, Özkan Ö, Yilmaz S, Dönmez G, Korkusuz F. Do Plantar Pressure and Loading Patterns Vary with Joint Hypermobility in Young Females? J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 2021; 111:441321. [PMID: 32701151 DOI: 10.7547/18-146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Joint hypermobility is a connective tissue disorder that increases joint range of motion. Plantar pressure and foot loading patterns may change with joint hypermobility. We aimed to analyze static plantar pressure in young females with and without joint hypermobility. METHODS Joint laxity in 27 young females was assessed cross sectionally using the Beighton and Horan Joint Mobility Index. Participants were divided into the hypermobility (score, 4-9) and no hypermobility (score, 0-3) groups according to their scores. Static plantar pressure and forces were recorded using a pedobarographic mat system. RESULTS Higher peak pressures (P = .01) and peak pressure gradients (P = .025) were observed in the nondominant foot in the hypermobility group. According to the comparison of dominant and nondominant feet in each group, the hypermobility group showed significantly higher peak pressures (P = .046), peak pressure gradients (P = .041), and total force values (P = .028) in the nondominant foot. CONCLUSIONS The plantar pressure and loading patterns vary in young females with joint hypermobility. Evaluation of plantar loading as an injury prevention tool in individuals with joint hypermobility syndrome can be suggested.
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Vermeulen S, De Mits S, De Ridder R, Calders P, De Schepper J, Malfait F, Rombaut L. Altered multi‐segment ankle and foot kinematics during gait in patients with Hypermobile Ehlers‐Danlos Syndrome/Hypermobility spectrum disorder. A case‐control study. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2020; 74:841-848. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.24526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Vermeulen
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Sophie De Mits
- Department of Rheumatology Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
- Department of Podiatry Artevelde University of Applied Sciences Ghent Belgium
| | - Roel De Ridder
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Patrick Calders
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium
| | - Joris De Schepper
- Department of Podiatry Artevelde University of Applied Sciences Ghent Belgium
| | | | - Lies Rombaut
- Center for Medical Genetics Ghent University Hospital Ghent Belgium
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Custom-Made Foot Orthoses Reduce Pain and Fatigue in Patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome. A Pilot Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17041359. [PMID: 32093191 PMCID: PMC7068607 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17041359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Pain and fatigue are major clinical manifestations in patients with Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS). The aim of this study is to measure change of the effects of custom-made foot orthotics on some manifestations related to EDS, such as foot pain, foot functionality, fatigue, and quality of life. Methods: Thirty-six patients with EDS wore foot orthoses for three months. Foot pain, foot-related disability, foot functionality, fatigue, and quality of life were measured using the 11-point Numeric Rating Scale, the Manchester Foot Pain and Disability Index, the Foot Function Index, the Fatigue Severity Score, and the 12-Item Short Form Health Survey questionnaires, respectively, at the beginning and after 3 months. Results: Participants demonstrated significantly improved foot pain (p = 0.002), disability related to foot pain (p < 0.001), foot functionality (p = 0.001), fatigue (p < 0.007), and mental health-related quality of life (p = 0.016). The physical health-related quality of life did not show significant changes. Conclusions: The use of custom-made foot orthoses help in the management of the symptoms by participants. This study could contribute to the foot specialists being considered as an additional member in multidisciplinary teams that are trying to develop an approach for patients with EDS.
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Merry K, MacPherson M, Macdonald E, Ryan M, Park EJ, Sparrey CJ. Differentiating Sitting, Standing, and Walking Through Regional Plantar Pressure Characteristics. J Biomech Eng 2019; 142:1065272. [PMID: 31581289 DOI: 10.1115/1.4045049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Prolonged static weight bearing (WBR) is thought to aggravate plantar heel pain and is common in the workplace, which may put employees at greater risk of developing plantar heel pain. However, objective measures of physical activity and sedentary behaviors in the workplace are lacking, making it difficult to establish or refute the connection between work exposure and plantar heel pain. Characterizing loading patterns during common workplace postures will enhance the understanding of foot function and inform the development of new measurement tools. Plantar pressure data during periods of sitting, standing, and walking were measured in ten healthy participants using the F-Scan in-shoe measurement system (Tekscan Inc, Boston, MA). Peak and average pressure, peak and average contact area, and average pressure differential were analyzed in ten different regions of the foot. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) assessed the posture by foot region interaction for each measurement parameter; significant effects of posture by foot region were identified for all five measurement parameters. Ten foot region by measurement parameter combinations were found to significantly differentiate all three postures simultaneously; seven used pressure measures to differentiate while three used area measures. The heel, lateral midfoot (LM), and medial and central forefoot (CFF) encompassed nine of ten areas capable of differentiating all postures simultaneously. This work demonstrates that plantar pressure is a viable means to characterize and differentiate three common workplace postures. The results of this study can inform the development of measurement tools for quantifying posture duration at work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohle Merry
- Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Megan MacPherson
- Health and Exercise Science, University of British Columbia, 1147 Research Road, Kelowna, BC V1V 1V7, Canada
| | - Evan Macdonald
- Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Michael Ryan
- Biomedical Physiology and Kinesiology, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada; Kintec Footlabs Inc, 13465 King George Boulevard, Surrey, BC V3T 2T8, Canada
| | - Edward J Park
- Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
| | - Carolyn J Sparrey
- Mechatronic Systems Engineering, Simon Fraser University, 250-13450 102 Avenue, Surrey, BC V3T 0A3, Canada
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Simsek IE, Elvan A, Selmani M, Cakiroglu MA, Kirmizi M, Bayraktar BA, Angin S. Generalized hypermobility syndrome (GHS) alters dynamic plantar pressure characteristics. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2019; 32:321-327. [PMID: 30412480 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-170973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the relevant literature generalized hypermobility syndrome (GHS) has been shown to alter the kinetic and kinematic patterns of the human movement system. Although GHS affects the general body biomechanics of individuals, the body of knowledge in plantar pressure distribution in GHS is far from sufficient. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine whether individuals with joint hypermobility syndrome have abnormal plantar pressure distribution during normal gait compared to healthy individuals. METHODS A total of 37 participants (mean age: 22.16 ± 2.58 years) diagnosed with GHS and 37 aged-matched participants (mean age: 23.35 ± 2.85 years) without GHS were included in the study. Dynamic plantar pressure distribution was obtained as each participant walked in barefoot at a self-selected pace over EMED-m system (Novel GmbH, Munich, Germany). Correlations between hypermobility score (HS) (Beighton score) and plantar pressure variables, and between group differences in peak pressure (PP), pressure-time integral (PTI), average pressure (AP) and maximum force (MxF) were computed for 10 regions under the sole. RESULTS HS was significantly correlated with peak pressure under the mid-foot (MF) (r= 0.24, p= 0.043), 5th metatarsal head (MH5) (r= 0.33, p= 0.001), big toe (BT) (r= 0.44, p< 0.001), and second toe (ST) (r= 0.38, p= 0.001). A similar trend was observed for pressure-time integrals under hindfoot (HF) (r= 0.24, p= 0.04), MF (r= 0.30, p= 0.009), MH5 (r= 0.25, p= 0.033), BT (r= 0.37, p= 0.001) and ST (r= 0.34, p= 0.003). The only significant MxF detected was under the ST (r= 0.23, p= 0.048), and AP was determined to be significantly higher as HS increases indicated by APs under MH5 (r= 0.24, p= 0.042), BT (r= 0.32, p= 0.005) and ST (r= 0.40, p< 0.001). Peak pressure values under HF were significantly higher in the hypermobile group (p= 0.023), MH5 (p= 0.001), BT (p< 0.001) and ST (p= 0.003). AP and PTI were also found to be significantly higher in the hypermobile group under MH5 (p= 0.009), BT (p= 0.037), and ST (p= 0.003). MxF was higher only under MF5 (p= 0.029) and SF (p= 0.041) in the hypermobile group. CONCLUSION The forefoot regions received a higher load in GHS during gait. This could be useful in clinical evaluation of the foot in GHS, preventing potential injuries of lower extremity, and also in processes related to decision making for foot orthotics and/or rehabilitation protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Engin Simsek
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Ata Elvan
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Metin Selmani
- Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Muge Kirmizi
- Institute of Health Sciences, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Burcin Akcay Bayraktar
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Bandırma On Yedi Eylül University, Bandırma, Turkey
| | - Salih Angin
- School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylül University, Izmir, Turkey
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Aydın E, Metin Tellioğlu A, Kurt Ömürlü I, Turan Y. Impact of Generalized Joint Laxity on Plantar Loading Patterns in Young Females. Foot Ankle Int 2017; 38:909-915. [PMID: 28656782 DOI: 10.1177/1071100717709567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generalized joint laxity is often associated with gait deviations. The aim of this study was to investigate the static and dynamic loading pattern of the foot with increasing joint mobility and to discuss the potential impact of this condition on the plantar loading patterns. METHODS Seventy female participants between ages of 18 and 30 were included in this cross-sectional survey. The Beighton-Horan Joint Mobility Index scores were assessed and participants divided into 3 categories: no hypermobility (NH) group, scores 0 to 2; moderate hypermobility (MH) group, scores 3 to 4; distinct hypermobility (DH) group, scores 5 to 9. Pedobarographic analysis was performed both in static and walking conditions. Dynamic foot loading examined in 10 anatomic zones. Contact areas of forefoot, midfoot, and rearfoot were recorded. RESULTS In the dynamic pedobarographic analysis, individuals with distinct joint hypermobility displayed higher peak pressure and maximum force values under the hallux, compared with other groups ( P < .05). The maximum force value of the second metatarsal was higher in the DH group than in the MH group ( P < .05). CONCLUSION Our study results suggest that plantar loading pattern differs with increasing degrees of the hypermobility score. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Differences in plantar loading parameters in people with severe joint mobility scores may be useful in interpreting the foot pathologies of these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Aydın
- 1 Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Ayfer Metin Tellioğlu
- 2 Department of Anatomy, Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Imran Kurt Ömürlü
- 3 Department of Biostatistics, Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Turan
- 4 Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Aydin, Turkey
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Aydın E, Çakmak H, Kocatürk T, Eroğlu M, Erkan E, Ömürlü IK, Şendur ÖF. The influence of monocular vision on the plantar pressure distribution. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon) 2016; 35:23-6. [PMID: 27111880 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiomech.2016.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/06/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the influence of monocular vision to upper limb biomechanics has been well documented, data about lower extremity biomechanics are limited. The objective of the present study was to demonstrate pedobarographic differences between both feet of the individuals with monocular vision in static and dynamic conditions. METHODS Pedobarographic analysis of twenty-four participants with monocular vision was performed. Relative static pressure load (%) and dynamic peak plantar pressure (N/cm(2)), force (N) distributions and contact area percentages (%) were recorded under both low vision and normal vision side foot. FINDINGS The results showed that relative static pressure loads did not differ between low vision and normal vision foot. Under midfoot of low vision side, a significant increment was found in peak plantar pressures (2.42 (SD 1.09) N/cm(2)) and forces (136.77 (SD 64.96) N) compared to normal vision side foot (1.87 (SD 0.96) N/cm(2); 106.94 (SD 65.03) N). No difference in contact area percentages was detected. INTERPRETATION These results indicate that there are differences in plantar pressure measurements between feet of individuals with monocular vision. These pedobarographic differences reported here appear to support the assumption that individuals with monocular vision have adaptive gait strategies such as, decreased walking speed, limited ankle motion and postural compensations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Aydın
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Harun Çakmak
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Tolga Kocatürk
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Mürüvvet Eroğlu
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Erol Erkan
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Ophtalmology, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Imran Kurt Ömürlü
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
| | - Ömer Faruk Şendur
- Adnan Menderes University, School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 09100 Aydin, Turkey.
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Pressure Mapping Mat for Tele-Home Care Applications. SENSORS 2016; 16:s16030365. [PMID: 26978369 PMCID: PMC4813940 DOI: 10.3390/s16030365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In this paper we present the development of a mat-like pressure mapping system based on a single layer textile sensor and intended to be used in home environments for monitoring the physical condition of persons with limited mobility. The sensor is fabricated by embroidering silver-coated yarns on a light cotton fabric and creating pressure-sensitive resistive elements by stamping the conductive polymer poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrene sulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS) at the crossing points of conductive stitches. A battery-operated mat prototype was developed and includes the scanning circuitry and a wireless communication module. A functional description of the system is presented together with a preliminary experimental evaluation of the mat prototype in the extraction of plantar pressure parameters.
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