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Onyeso OK, Ugwu AK, Adandom HC, Damag S, Onyeso KM, Abugu JO, Aruma OE, Odole AC, Awosoga OA, Ezema CI. Impact of welding occupation on serum aluminium level and its association with physical health, cognitive function, and quality of life: a cross-sectional study. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:133-144. [PMID: 38110550 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-02038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an occupational health concern about welders' inhalation of toxic aluminium fumes. We investigated whether serum aluminium level (SAL) and demographic variables can significantly predict physical health parameters, cognition, and quality of life (QoL) among welders. METHODS The cross-sectional study involved 100 age- and location-matched men (50 welders and 50 non-welders). SAL obtained using a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer, and data collected using blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) apparatuses, biodata form, pain rating scale, General Practitioner Assessment of Cognition, WHOQoL-BREF, and Nordic musculoskeletal symptoms (MSS) questionnaire were analysed using independent samples t test, chi-square, Pearson's correlation, and hierarchical linear regression. RESULTS Welders had significantly higher SAL (mean difference [MD] = 1.77 µg/L, p < 0.001), lower QoL (MD = 3.92, p = 0.039), and higher prevalence of MSS on the neck (χ2 = 10.187, p = 0.001), shoulder (χ2 = 9.007, p = 0.003), upper back (χ2 = 6.832, p = 0.009), and knee (χ2 = 12.190, p < 0.001) than non-welders. There was a significant bivariate association between SAL, systolic blood pressure (β = 0.313, p = 0.002), and BMI (β = 0.279, p = 0.005), but not pain intensity, cognition, or QoL. SAL remained a significant predictor of systolic blood pressure after adjustment for physical health and QoL parameters (β = 0.191, p = 0.044). The association between SAL and social QoL became significant after adjustment for physical health and other QoL domains (β = - 0.210, p = 0.032) and demographic variables (β = - 0.233, p = 0.046). CONCLUSION Welders had significantly higher SAL, musculoskeletal symptoms, blood pressure, and lower QoL than non-welders. SAL was associated with adverse physical health parameters and social-related QoL, not cognition. We recommend routine aluminium bioavailability and physical health checks among welders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ogochukwu Kelechi Onyeso
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada.
| | - Arinze Kingsley Ugwu
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | | | - Suha Damag
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
| | - Kelechi Mirabel Onyeso
- Department of Estate Management, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - James Okechukwu Abugu
- Department of Marketing, Faculty of Business Administration, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Okwukweka Emmanuela Aruma
- Department of Applied Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Natural Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Adesola Christiana Odole
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | - Charles Ikechukwu Ezema
- Department of Medical Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Liu W, Wang H, He D, Jin J, Li Q, Li J, Chen Q, Ruan S, Wu S, Tang J. Case report: Application of morphology in the diagnosis of siderosis in a patient with tuberculosis infection. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1001802. [PMID: 36816928 PMCID: PMC9932527 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1001802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A 49-year-old male who had been working in welding for more than 30 years was admitted to the hospital for a medical checkup that revealed a lung shadow without specific symptoms such as coughing and sputum. Imaging studies showed diffuse ground-glass changes in both lungs, wall cavities with wall nodules, multiple peripheral nodules, and some nodules with calcification. The patient has been engaged in welding work for more than 30 years and exposed to iron dust. Lung tissue biopsy, routine morphological and pathological fluid basis examination of alveolar lavage fluid, can be considered as pulmonary iron particles, which can be regarded as iron dust lung. Acid-fast bacilli were detected in both fibrobronchoscopic brush extract and alveolar lavage fluid acid-fast staining. As the pathological examination revealed granulomatous inflammation showed caseation necrosis, the patient was judged to have concomitant pulmonary TB. After the diagnosis was made, the patient was no longer exposed to dust and was treated with appropriate anti- tuberculosis (TB) therapy. Lung lesions caused by welding have been reported, but the simultaneous finding of siderosis with pulmonary TB is specific to the case presented here. By describing the imaging features, combining different staining methods of alveolar lavage fluid and pathological examination of lung tissue, we showed various morphological manifestations of this case, aiming at improving the morphological diagnosis level of laboratory physicians and enabling patients to be diagnosed and treated early.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuli Zhou
- Department of Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenbing Liu
- Department of Cardiopulmonary Medicine, Zhejiang Rehabilitation Medical Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Daqiang He
- Department of Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juan Jin
- Hangzhou Medical College, Lin'an people's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiaoyun Li
- Department of Pathology, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junying Li
- Agricultural and Biological Ring Testing Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Senlin Ruan
- Department of Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shenghai Wu
- Department of Laboratory, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiyu Tang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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Roach K, Roberts J. A comprehensive summary of disease variants implicated in metal allergy. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART B, CRITICAL REVIEWS 2022; 25:279-341. [PMID: 35975293 PMCID: PMC9968405 DOI: 10.1080/10937404.2022.2104981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Allergic disease represents one of the most prominent global public health crises of the 21st century. Although many different substances are known to produce hypersensitivity responses, metals constitute one of the major classes of allergens responsible for a disproportionately large segment of the total burden of disease associated with allergy. Some of the most prevalent forms of metal allergy - including allergic contact dermatitis - are well-recognized; however, to our knowledge, a comprehensive review of the many unique disease variants implicated in human cases of metal allergy is not available within the current scientific literature. Consequently, the main goal in composing this review was to (1) generate an up-to-date reference document containing this information to assist in the efforts of lab researchers, clinicians, regulatory toxicologists, industrial hygienists, and other scientists concerned with metal allergy and (2) identify knowledge gaps related to disease. Accordingly, an extensive review of the scientific literature was performed - from which, hundreds of publications describing cases of metal-specific allergic responses in human patients were identified, collected, and analyzed. The information obtained from these articles was then used to compile an exhaustive list of distinctive dermal/ocular, respiratory, gastrointestinal, and systemic hypersensitivity responses associated with metal allergy. Each of these disease variants is discussed briefly within this review, wherein specific metals implicated in each response type are identified, underlying immunological mechanisms are summarized, and major clinical presentations of each reaction are described.Abbreviations: ACD: allergic contact dermatitis, AHR: airway hyperreactivity, ASIA: autoimmune/ autoinflammatory syndrome induced by adjuvants, BAL: bronchoalveolar lavage, CBD: chronic beryllium disease, CTCL: cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, CTL: cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte, DRESS: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms, GERD: gastro-esophageal reflux disease, GI: gastrointestinal, GIP: giant cell interstitial pneumonia, GM-CSF: granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor, HMLD: hard metal lung disease, HMW: high molecular weight, IBS: irritable bowel syndrome, Ig: immunoglobulin, IL: interleukin, LMW: low molecular weight, PAP: pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, PPE: personal protective equipment, PRR: pathogen recognition receptor, SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus, SNAS: systemic nickel allergy syndrome, Th: helper T-cell, UC: ulcerative colitis, UV: ultraviolet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka Roach
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
| | - Jr Roberts
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch (ACIB), National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), Morgantown, WV, USA
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