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Yan D. Association between α-klotho levels and adults with COPD in the United States. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1361922. [PMID: 39091285 PMCID: PMC11291460 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1361922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is accompanied by increased inflammation, persistent lung function decline, and extensive lung injury. Klotho, a well-known antiaging protein, has anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects. However, the effects of klotho on COPD have yet to be thoroughly elucidated. This study examined the association among COPD adults and their α-klotho level. Patients and methods Data were collected from the 2007 to 2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 676 participants were analyzed and divided into COPD (n = 403) and non-COPD (n = 273) groups. The two groups were compared with respect to clinical characteristics. Logistic regression analysis and a generalized additive model were used to estimate the association between COPD incidence and serum α-klotho concentration. All COPD participants were stratified according to the levels of α-klotho (Q1: <687 pg./mL; Q2: 687-900 pg./mL; Q3: ≥900 pg./mL), and clinical characteristics were compared. Results Non-COPD individuals had higher α-klotho levels than did COPD individuals (863.09 ± 267.13 vs. 817.51 ± 302.20, p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis revealed that the Q2 and Q3 layers had a lower risk of COPD than did the Q1 layer, with odds ratios (ORs) of 0.73 (0.50, 0.99) for Q2 and 0.58 (0.41, 0.86) for Q3 (p < 0.001). The generalized additive model showed that the risk of COPD gradually decreased with increasing α-klotho concentration when the α-klotho concentration < 1,500 pg./mL, while the risk of COPD increased as the α-klotho concentration increased to ≥1,500 pg./mL. Compared with individuals in the Q2 or Q3 groups, individuals with COPD in the Q1 group were more likely to be current smokers, have lower levels of erythrocytes, and have higher levels of creatinine and leukocytes. Conclusion Increased α-klotho levels were negatively correlated with the risk of COPD in participants over 40 years old with α-klotho <1,500 pg./mL. When α-klotho was ≥1,500 pg./mL, the risk of COPD increased as α-klotho levels increased. Pulmonary ventilation function and the number of hemocytes differed among COPD patients with different levels of α-klotho.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Yan
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital, The Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Jinhua, China
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2
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Heitman K, Alexander MS, Faul C. Skeletal Muscle Injury in Chronic Kidney Disease-From Histologic Changes to Molecular Mechanisms and to Novel Therapies. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5117. [PMID: 38791164 PMCID: PMC11121428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25105117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with significant reductions in lean body mass and in the mass of various tissues, including skeletal muscle, which causes fatigue and contributes to high mortality rates. In CKD, the cellular protein turnover is imbalanced, with protein degradation outweighing protein synthesis, leading to a loss of protein and cell mass, which impairs tissue function. As CKD itself, skeletal muscle wasting, or sarcopenia, can have various origins and causes, and both CKD and sarcopenia share common risk factors, such as diabetes, obesity, and age. While these pathologies together with reduced physical performance and malnutrition contribute to muscle loss, they cannot explain all features of CKD-associated sarcopenia. Metabolic acidosis, systemic inflammation, insulin resistance and the accumulation of uremic toxins have been identified as additional factors that occur in CKD and that can contribute to sarcopenia. Here, we discuss the elevation of systemic phosphate levels, also called hyperphosphatemia, and the imbalance in the endocrine regulators of phosphate metabolism as another CKD-associated pathology that can directly and indirectly harm skeletal muscle tissue. To identify causes, affected cell types, and the mechanisms of sarcopenia and thereby novel targets for therapeutic interventions, it is important to first characterize the precise pathologic changes on molecular, cellular, and histologic levels, and to do so in CKD patients as well as in animal models of CKD, which we describe here in detail. We also discuss the currently known pathomechanisms and therapeutic approaches of CKD-associated sarcopenia, as well as the effects of hyperphosphatemia and the novel drug targets it could provide to protect skeletal muscle in CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kylie Heitman
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Mineral Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
| | - Matthew S. Alexander
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham and Children’s of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for Exercise Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Civitan International Research Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Christian Faul
- Division of Nephrology and Section of Mineral Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
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3
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Mao H, Xie Z, Huang S, Shen X, Jin S, Lin T, Yang Z. Analysis of the correlation between serum Klotho and FeNO: a cross-sectional study from NHANES (2007-2012). BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:61. [PMID: 38287280 PMCID: PMC10823643 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02864-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Klotho is an anti-aging protein that has multiple functions and may play a key role in the pathogenesis and progression of chronic respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) is a non-invasive and novel biomarker that has the advantages of being simple, fast and reproducible. It can effectively assess the degree of airway inflammation in diseases such as asthma and COPD. Despite these insights, the relationship between serum Klotho levels and FeNO has not been explored yet. METHODS Leveraging data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) spanning 2007 to 2012, we investigated the correlation between FeNO and serum Klotho levels. This association was scrutinized both as continuous variables and within quartile distributions, utilizing the Kruskal-Wallis H test. The correlation between the two variables was assessed through Spearman rank analysis. Employing survey weight-adjusted linear regression models, we gauged the strength of these associations. RESULTS This study included 6,527 participants with a median FeNO level of 14.5 parts per billion (ppb). We found that FeNO levels varied significantly across different quartiles of Klotho protein (H = 7.985, P = 0.046). We also found a significant positive correlation between serum Klotho levels and FeNO levels in the whole population (Spearman's rho = 0.029, P = 0.019). This correlation remained significant after adjusting for covariates such as age, gender, lung function, smoking status, alcohol use, BMI, cardiovascular disease (including hypertension, heart failure, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction), diabetes, inflammatory markers, serum vitamin D level and BUN (P < 0.05 for all). Furthermore, this correlation was stronger at the high (K3) and super high (K4) levels of Klotho than at the low (K1) and medium (K2) levels (β = 1.979 ppb and β = 1.993 ppb for K3 and K4 vs. K1, respectively; 95% CI: 0.497 ~ 2.953 and 95% CI: 0.129 ~ 2.827, respectively; P = 0.007 and P = 0.032, respectively). The β coefficient for serum Klotho was 0.002 ppb/pg/ml. CONCLUSIONS Our study illuminates a positive correlation between serum Klotho levels and FeNO. Further study is needed to verify the causality of this association and elucidate the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyan Mao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Zhenye Xie
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Shanshan Huang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Xingkai Shen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Shaofeng Jin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China
| | - Tong Lin
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, 315100, Ningbo, China.
| | - Zhouxin Yang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab of Geriatrics and Geriatrics Institute of Zhejiang Province, Department of Geriatrics, Zhejiang Hospital, 310030, Hangzhou, China.
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4
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Onmaz M, Demirbas N, Eryavuz Onmaz D, Kutlu R, Unlu A. Effect of cigarette smoking on serum methylarginine and α-klotho levels. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:602-609. [PMID: 36710115 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2022.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Smoking causes many diseases such as cardiovascular, lung diseases, stroke and premature aging. However, the role of smoking in the pathogenesis of these diseases is unclear. Increasing evidence suggests that methylarginine pathway metabolites and α-klotho may be strong markers for pathologies such as premature aging, endothelial dysfunction, and oxidant damage. Therefore, the study aimed to measure the serum levels of arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA), N-monomethyl-l-arginine (L-NMMA), and α-klotho levels in smokers. METHODS AND RESULTS This case-control analytical study included 65 smokers and 71 non-smokers. Sociodemographic characteristics, routine biochemistry parameters, Framingham risk scores and Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test (FTND) were recorded. Serum methylarginine and α-klotho levels were analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Serum ADMA (p < 0.001), L-NMMA (p = 0.024), SDMA (p < 0.001) levels of smokers were higher than non-smokers, and serum α-klotho (p < 0.001) and arginine levels (p < 0.001) were lower. There was a positive correlation between serum ADMA levels with FNDT, age and pack/year in smokers, while there was a negative correlation between klotho levels and age. A positive correlation was found between serum ADMA levels, Framingham risk score and age in non-smokers. CONCLUSION Smoking is related to premature aging and is a strong risk factor for various diseases such as cardiovascular, inflammatory, and renal diseases. Elevated serum methylarginine and decreased serum klotho levels were found in smokers. Therefore, our findings suggest that smoking may be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases by affecting α-klotho and methylarginine-related pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Onmaz
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Nur Demirbas
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Duygu Eryavuz Onmaz
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ruhusen Kutlu
- Necmettin Erbakan University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ali Unlu
- Department of Biochemistry, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
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Aczel D, Torma F, Jokai M, McGreevy K, Boros A, Seki Y, Boldogh I, Horvath S, Radak Z. The Circulating Level of Klotho Is Not Dependent upon Physical Fitness and Age-Associated Methylation Increases at the Promoter Region of the Klotho Gene. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:525. [PMID: 36833453 PMCID: PMC9957177 DOI: 10.3390/genes14020525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Higher levels of physical fitness are believed to increase the physiological quality of life and impact the aging process with a wide range of adaptive mechanisms, including the regulation of the expression of the age-associated klotho (KL) gene and protein levels. (2) Methods: Here, we tested the relationship between the DNA methylation-based epigenetic biomarkers PhenoAge and GrimAge and methylation of the promoter region of the KL gene, the circulating level of KL, and the stage of physical fitness and grip force in two groups of volunteer subjects, trained (TRND) and sedentary (SED), aged between 37 and 85 years old. (3) Results: The circulating KL level is negatively associated with chronological age in the TRND group (r = -0.19; p = 0.0295) but not in the SED group (r = -0.065; p = 0.5925). The age-associated decrease in circulating KL is partly due to the increased methylation of the KL gene. In addition, higher plasma KL is significantly related to epigenetic age-deceleration in the TRND group, assessed by the biomarker of PhenoAge (r = -0.21; p = 0.0192). (4) Conclusions: The level of physical fitness, on the other hand, does not relate to circulating KL levels, nor to the rate of the methylation of the promoter region of the KL gene, only in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dora Aczel
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Torma
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
- Sports Neuroscience Division, Advanced Research Initiative for Human High Performance (ARIHHP), Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba 305-8574, Japan
| | - Matyas Jokai
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Kristen McGreevy
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Anita Boros
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yasuhiro Seki
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 2-579-15, Japan
| | - Istvan Boldogh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA
| | - Steve Horvath
- Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Zsolt Radak
- Research Institute of Sport Science, Hungarian University of Sport Science, 1123 Budapest, Hungary
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Tokorozawa 2-579-15, Japan
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6
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Yao Y, Long Y, Du FW, Zhao Y, Luo XB. Association between serum cotinine and α-Klotho levels among adults: Findings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2016. Tob Induc Dis 2022; 20:57. [PMID: 35799621 PMCID: PMC9194926 DOI: 10.18332/tid/144622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Serum cotinine is a sensitive and specific marker of tobacco smoke exposure. α-Klotho is an anti-ageing molecule, which plays an important role in several diseases. We aimed to examine the association between smoke exposure indicated by the serum cotinine and α-Klotho levels, as previous reports regarding the level of α-Klotho in smokers have been inconsistent. METHODS This secondary dataset analysis included 9833 participants (aged 40–79 years; 47.0% females and 53.0% males) from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007–2016. Independent variables were serum cotinine level, age, sex, race, body mass index (BMI), and alcohol consumption. The outcome variable was serum α-Klotho level. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the association between serum cotinine and α-Klotho levels. RESULTS The serum cotinine level was negatively associated with the α-Klotho level (β= -0.107, 95% CI: -0.155 to -0.059, p<0.0001) after adjusting for age, BMI, sex, race, and alcohol consumption. The α-Klotho level in participants with cotinine ≥3 ng/mL decreased by 44.514 pg/mL (p<0.0001) compared to that in participants with cotinine <3 ng/mL. There is a non-linear relationship between serum cotinine and α-Klotho levels. The piecewise linear models indicated a significant threshold effect between serum cotinine and α-Klotho levels. On the left of the inflection point (cotinine <130 ng/mL), the serum cotinine level increased with decreased α-Klotho level (β= -0.519, 95% CI: -0.682 to -0.356). On the right of the inflection point (cotinine ≥130 ng/mL), the serum cotinine level increased with increased α-Klotho level (β=0.085, 95% CI: 0.000 to 0.170). CONCLUSIONS Based on our study results, serum cotinine level was associated with the serum α-Klotho level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Ying Long
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Fa-Wang Du
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
| | - Xiao-Bin Luo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Suining Central Hospital, Suining, China
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Taivassalo T, Hepple RT. Integrating Mechanisms of Exacerbated Atrophy and Other Adverse Skeletal Muscle Impact in COPD. Front Physiol 2022; 13:861617. [PMID: 35721564 PMCID: PMC9203961 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.861617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The normal decline in skeletal muscle mass that occurs with aging is exacerbated in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and contributes to poor health outcomes, including a greater risk of death. There has been controversy about the causes of this exacerbated muscle atrophy, with considerable debate about the degree to which it reflects the very sedentary nature of COPD patients vs. being precipitated by various aspects of the COPD pathophysiology and its most frequent proximate cause, long-term smoking. Consistent with the latter view, recent evidence suggests that exacerbated aging muscle loss with COPD is likely initiated by decades of smoking-induced stress on the neuromuscular junction that predisposes patients to premature failure of muscle reinnervation capacity, accompanied by various alterations in mitochondrial function. Superimposed upon this are various aspects of COPD pathophysiology, such as hypercapnia, hypoxia, and inflammation, that can also contribute to muscle atrophy. This review will summarize the available knowledge concerning the mechanisms contributing to exacerbated aging muscle affect in COPD, consider the potential role of comorbidities using the specific example of chronic kidney disease, and identify emerging molecular mechanisms of muscle impairment, including mitochondrial permeability transition as a mechanism of muscle atrophy, and chronic activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in driving COPD muscle pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Russell T. Hepple
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
- *Correspondence: Russell T. Hepple,
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Thome T, Miguez K, Willms AJ, Burke SK, Chandran V, de Souza AR, Fitzgerald LF, Baglole C, Anagnostou ME, Bourbeau J, Jagoe RT, Morais JA, Goddard Y, Taivassalo T, Ryan TE, Hepple RT. Chronic aryl hydrocarbon receptor activity phenocopies smoking-induced skeletal muscle impairment. J Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle 2022; 13:589-604. [PMID: 34725955 PMCID: PMC8818603 DOI: 10.1002/jcsm.12826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients exhibit skeletal muscle atrophy, denervation, and reduced mitochondrial oxidative capacity. Whilst chronic tobacco smoke exposure is implicated in COPD muscle impairment, the mechanisms involved are ambiguous. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that activates detoxifying pathways with numerous exogenous ligands, including tobacco smoke. Whereas transient AHR activation is adaptive, chronic activation can be toxic. On this basis, we tested the hypothesis that chronic smoke-induced AHR activation causes adverse muscle impact. METHODS We used clinical patient muscle samples, and in vitro (C2C12 myotubes) and in vivo models (mouse), to perform gene expression, mitochondrial function, muscle and neuromuscular junction morphology, and genetic manipulations (adeno-associated virus-mediated gene transfer). RESULTS Sixteen weeks of tobacco smoke exposure in mice caused muscle atrophy, neuromuscular junction degeneration, and reduced oxidative capacity. Similarly, smoke exposure reprogrammed the muscle transcriptome, with down-regulation of mitochondrial and neuromuscular junction genes. In mouse and human patient specimens, smoke exposure increased muscle AHR signalling. Mechanistically, experiments in cultured myotubes demonstrated that smoke condensate activated the AHR, caused mitochondrial impairments, and induced an AHR-dependent myotube atrophy. Finally, to isolate the role of AHR activity, expression of a constitutively active AHR mutant without smoke exposure caused atrophy and mitochondrial impairments in cultured myotubes, and muscle atrophy and neuromuscular junction degeneration in mice. CONCLUSIONS These results establish that chronic AHR activity, as occurs in smokers, phenocopies the atrophy, mitochondrial impairment, and neuromuscular junction degeneration caused by chronic tobacco smoke exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trace Thome
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kayla Miguez
- Department of Kinesiology and Physical Education, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Alexander J Willms
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sarah K Burke
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Angela R de Souza
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liam F Fitzgerald
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Carolyn Baglole
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Jean Bourbeau
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - R Thomas Jagoe
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jose A Morais
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Yana Goddard
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tanja Taivassalo
- Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Terence E Ryan
- Department of Applied Physiology and Kinesiology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Russell T Hepple
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Physiology and Functional Genomics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Arroyo E, Troutman AD, Moorthi RN, Avin KG, Coggan AR, Lim K. Klotho: An Emerging Factor With Ergogenic Potential. FRONTIERS IN REHABILITATION SCIENCES 2022; 2:807123. [PMID: 36188832 PMCID: PMC9397700 DOI: 10.3389/fresc.2021.807123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Sarcopenia and impaired cardiorespiratory fitness are commonly observed in older individuals and patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Declines in skeletal muscle function and aerobic capacity can progress into impaired physical function and inability to perform activities of daily living. Physical function is highly associated with important clinical outcomes such as hospitalization, functional independence, quality of life, and mortality. While lifestyle modifications such as exercise and dietary interventions have been shown to prevent and reverse declines in physical function, the utility of these treatment strategies is limited by poor widespread adoption and adherence due to a wide variety of both perceived and actual barriers to exercise. Therefore, identifying novel treatment targets to manage physical function decline is critically important. Klotho, a remarkable protein with powerful anti-aging properties has recently been investigated for its role in musculoskeletal health and physical function. Klotho is involved in several key processes that regulate skeletal muscle function, such as muscle regeneration, mitochondrial biogenesis, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This is particularly important for older adults and patients with CKD, which are known states of Klotho deficiency. Emerging data support the existence of Klotho-related benefits to exercise and for potential Klotho-based therapeutic interventions for the treatment of sarcopenia and its progression to physical disability. However, significant gaps in our understanding of Klotho must first be overcome before we can consider its potential ergogenic benefits. These advances will be critical to establish the optimal approach to future Klotho-based interventional trials and to determine if Klotho can regulate physical dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliott Arroyo
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ashley D. Troutman
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Ranjani N. Moorthi
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Keith G. Avin
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Andrew R. Coggan
- Department of Kinesiology, School of Health and Human Sciences, Indiana University Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN, United States
| | - Kenneth Lim
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
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10
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Chen K, Zhang B, Sun Z. MicroRNA 379 Regulates Klotho Deficiency-Induced Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis Via Repression of Smurf1. Hypertension 2021; 78:342-352. [PMID: 34120450 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.16888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chen
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (K.C., B.Z., Z.S.).,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (K.C., Z.S.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (K.C., B.Z., Z.S.)
| | - Zhongjie Sun
- From the Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis (K.C., B.Z., Z.S.).,Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center (K.C., Z.S.)
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Xue Z, Ding W, Ge L, Zhang Q. Klotho alleviates chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced genioglossus myocyte apoptosis by inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:708. [PMID: 34007317 PMCID: PMC8120644 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) has been shown to induce cell apoptosis in multiple organs of the human body. The present study aimed to assess the effects of exogenous klotho on CIH-induced genioglossus muscle injury, as well as the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in this process. A total of 36 adult C57BL/6 male mice were assigned to normoxia control (NC), CIH and CIH + klotho groups (n=12 mice/group). ELISA was performed to detect the level of klotho protein in the serum and in the genioglossus muscle tissue samples. Apoptosis was evaluated using the TUNEL assay. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were quantified using a dihydroethidium assay kit, and the protein and mRNA levels of ERS-associated proteins (namely, glucoseregulated protein 78, C/EBP homologous protein, cleaved caspase-12 and cleaved caspase-3) in genioglossus samples were assessed using immunoblot assay and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, respectively. Compared with the NC group, the quantities of klotho protein in the serum and genioglossus muscle tissue samples in the CIH group were significantly decreased, whereas the apoptotic rate, ROS levels and protein and mRNA levels of the ERS-associated proteins in the genioglossus muscle were significantly increased. Following supplementation with exogenous klotho protein, the klotho protein levels in the serum and genioglossus muscle tissue of mice were found to be markedly increased, and the apoptotic rate, ROS levels and protein and mRNA levels of the ERS-associated proteins in the genioglossus muscle were decreased compared with those in the CIH group. Taken together, the results of the present study have demonstrated that exogenous klotho may inhibit apoptosis of genioglossus myocytes in mice by inhibiting ROS-associated ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Xue
- Department of ENT & HN Surgery, Lishui District People's Hospital of Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211200, P.R. China
| | - Wenxiao Ding
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Luyao Ge
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Zhongda Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
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Sadaka AS, Faisal A, Khalil YM, Mourad SM, Zidan MH, Polkey MI, Hopkinson NS. Reduced skeletal muscle endurance and ventilatory efficiency during exercise in adult smokers without airflow obstruction. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 130:976-986. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00762.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In adult smokers without airflow obstruction, the contributions of pulmonary and skeletal muscle functions to reduced exercise capacity are unclear. We found that non-COPD smokers had decreased exercise capacity and muscle endurance although strength was preserved compared with never-smoking controls. Exercise endurance was associated with quadriceps endurance and CO transfer factor. Despite similar physical activity levels, smokers developed leg fatigue, breathlessness, and displayed increased ventilation with reduced ventilatory efficiency at lower workloads, without exhibiting ventilatory constraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S. Sadaka
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Azmy Faisal
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Physical Education for Men, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yehia M. Khalil
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar M. Mourad
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H. Zidan
- Department of Chest Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Michael I. Polkey
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Respiratory Medicine Department, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
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Charoenngam N, Ponvilawan B, Ungprasert P. Lower circulating soluble Klotho level is associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int Urol Nephrol 2020; 52:1543-1550. [PMID: 32462356 DOI: 10.1007/s11255-020-02510-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the association between circulating soluble Klotho level and risk of all-cause mortality in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients using systematic review and meta-analysis technique. METHODS Potentially eligible studies were identified from Medline and EMBASE databases from inception to March 2020 using a search strategy that consisted of terms for "Klotho" and "Mortality". Eligible study must be a cohort study that consists of one cohort of CKD patients with higher circulating soluble Klotho level and another cohort of CKD patients with lower circulating soluble Klotho level. The study must also report relative risk (RR), incidence rate ratio, hazard risk ratio or standardized incidence ratio with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) comparing all-cause mortality between CKD patients with lower circulating soluble Klotho level versus CKD patients with higher circulating soluble Klotho level. If the study divides patients (per circulating soluble Klotho level) into more than two groups, a comparison between the highest and the lowest group would be extracted. Point estimates with standard errors were retrieved from each study and were combined together using the generic inverse variance method. RESULTS A total of 2964 articles were retrieved. After two rounds of an independent review by two investigators, six prospective cohort studies met the eligibility criteria and were included into the meta-analysis. CKD patients with lower circulating soluble Klotho level had a significantly increased risk of all-cause mortality with the pooled risk ratio of 1.88 (95% CI 1.29-2.74; I2 0%). The funnel plot was fairly symmetric and did not reveal any suggestive evidence of publication bias. CONCLUSION The current study found a significant association between lower circulating soluble Klotho level and increased risk of all-cause mortality in CKD patients. However, this meta-analysis carries some limitations, including relatively small sample size, lack of adjustment for potential confounders and between-study heterogeneity in baseline characteristics of the patients and cut-off values used to categorize patients into higher and lower circulating serum Klotho level group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nipith Charoenngam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Prannok Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Ben Ponvilawan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patompong Ungprasert
- Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Abstract
PURPOSE To describe and discuss the available evidence in the literature concerning muscle function and the association between smoking and muscle dysfunction in smokers and patients with mild chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS The literature search involved the following databases: PubMed, Pedro, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, Lilacs, and EMBASE. Studies were included if they investigated muscle strength and/or endurance and/or cross-sectional area (CSA) in smokers and/or patients with COPD classified as Global Initiative for Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I and without lung cancer. Two authors screened and identified the studies for inclusion. RESULTS Eighteen studies were identified. Some studies found lower values in a variety of muscle strength variables in smokers compared with nonsmoking controls, whereas others found similar values between these groups. When comparing patients with COPD classified as GOLD I with smokers, COPD patients showed lower muscle strength. Two studies found no differences in muscle CSA between smokers compared with nonsmoking controls. Some preliminary evidence also shows that patients with COPD classified as GOLD I had lower CSA in comparison with smokers. CONCLUSION Results concerning muscle dysfunction in smokers are divergent, since some studies have shown worse results in a variety of muscle strength variables in smokers compared with nonsmoking controls, whereas other studies have not. Moreover, there is rather preliminary evidence indicating worse muscle dysfunction and lower CSA in patients with mild COPD in comparison with healthy (or non-COPD) smokers.
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AL-Bashaireh AM, Haddad LG, Weaver M, Kelly DL, Chengguo X, Yoon S. The Effect of Tobacco Smoking on Musculoskeletal Health: A Systematic Review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 2018:4184190. [PMID: 30112011 PMCID: PMC6077562 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4184190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review explored associations between smoking and health outcomes involving the musculoskeletal system. AMSTAR criteria were followed. A comprehensive search of PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct returned 243 articles meeting inclusion criteria. A majority of studies found smoking has negative effects on the musculoskeletal system. In research on bones, smoking was associated with lower BMD, increased fracture risk, periodontitis, alveolar bone loss, and dental implant failure. In research on joints, smoking was associated with increased joint disease activity, poor functional outcomes, and poor therapeutic response. There was also evidence of adverse effects on muscles, tendons, cartilage, and ligaments. There were few studies on the musculoskeletal health outcomes of secondhand smoke, smoking cessation, or other modes of smoking, such as waterpipes or electronic cigarettes. This review found evidence that suggests tobacco smoking has negative effects on the health outcomes of the musculoskeletal system. There is a need for further research to understand mechanisms of action for the effects of smoking on the musculoskeletal system and to increase awareness of healthcare providers and community members of the adverse effects of smoking on the musculoskeletal system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Linda G. Haddad
- College of Health and Human Services, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, NC, USA
| | - Michael Weaver
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Xing Chengguo
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Saunjoo Yoon
- College of Nursing, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Pako J, Bikov A, Barta I, Matsueda H, Puskas R, Galffy G, Kerpel-Fronius A, Antus B, Horvath I. Assessment of the circulating klotho protein in lung cancer patients. Pathol Oncol Res 2018; 26:233-238. [PMID: 29948618 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-018-0441-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The anti-aging factor, klotho has been identified as a tumor suppressor in various human cancers, including lung cancer. In vitro studies provided evidence that klotho expression influences the characteristics of lung cancer cells, however, in vivo results are lacking. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether circulating klotho protein might serve as a potential biomarker of lung cancer. Blood samples were taken from 45 newly diagnosed lung cancer patients (31 NSCLC, 14 SCLC) and 43 control subjects. Plasma klotho concentration was measured using ELISA. No difference in plasma klotho values was detected between patients and control subjects (366.3 (257.9-486.8) vs. 383.5 (304.6-489.7) pg/ml respectively (median (IQR)); p > 0.05). Plasma klotho levels in patients with distant metastasis did not differ from less advanced stage disease (354.2 (306.9-433.3 vs. 328.5 (242.5-419.7) pg/ml, p > 0.05). In contrast, analyzed with one-way ANOVA, significant difference (p = 0.04) was found between the examined histological types of lung cancer: adenocarcinoma (353 (329.4-438.5) pg/ml), squamous cell carcinoma (308 (209.6-348.1) pg/ml) and small cell lung cancer (388.8 (289.9-495.4) pg/ml). However, Tukey's post hoc test did not reveal significant difference between any pairs of histological groups. There was no difference between any histological subtype and health either. Our results suggest that circulating klotho protein cannot be considered as a biomarker for lung cancer. Further studies are warranted in order to examine the relationship between klotho expression in lung tissue and circulating levels of the protein, and to explore its mechanism of action in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Pako
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Piheno ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary.
| | - Andras Bikov
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Dios arok utca 1/c, Budapest, 1125, Hungary
| | - Imre Barta
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Piheno ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Hideyo Matsueda
- Saitama Medical University Medical Center, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
| | - Rita Puskas
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Dios arok utca 1/c, Budapest, 1125, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Galffy
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Dios arok utca 1/c, Budapest, 1125, Hungary
| | - Anna Kerpel-Fronius
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Piheno ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Balazs Antus
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Piheno ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - Ildiko Horvath
- National Koranyi Institute of Pulmonology, Piheno ut 1, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
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Olauson H, Mencke R, Hillebrands JL, Larsson TE. Tissue expression and source of circulating αKlotho. Bone 2017; 100:19-35. [PMID: 28323144 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2017.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
αKlotho (Klotho), a type I transmembrane protein and a coreceptor for Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, was initially thought to be expressed only in a limited number of tissues, most importantly the kidney, parathyroid gland and choroid plexus. Emerging data may suggest a more ubiquitous Klotho expression pattern which has prompted reevaluation of the restricted Klotho paradigm. Herein we systematically review the evidence for Klotho expression in various tissues and cell types in humans and other mammals, and discuss potential reasons behind existing conflicting data. Based on current literature and tissue expression atlases, we propose a classification of tissues into high, intermediate and low/absent Klotho expression. The functional relevance of Klotho in organs with low expression levels remain uncertain and there is currently limited data on a role for membrane-bound Klotho outside the kidney. Finally, we review the evidence for the tissue source of soluble Klotho, and conclude that the kidney is likely to be the principal source of circulating Klotho in physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Olauson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Rik Mencke
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan-Luuk Hillebrands
- Division of Pathology, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias E Larsson
- Division of Renal Medicine, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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18
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Guo Y, Zhuang XD, Xian WB, Wu LL, Huang ZN, Hu X, Zhang XS, Chen L, Liao XX. Serum Klotho, vitamin D, and homocysteine in combination predict the outcomes of Chinese patients with multiple system atrophy. CNS Neurosci Ther 2017. [PMID: 28628270 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Neuroinflammation contributed to the pathogenesis of multiple system atrophy (MSA). We aimed to detect the correlation between inflammatory mediators, such as Klotho (Klt), vitamin D (25(OH)D) and homocysteine (Hcy), and disease severity among MSA patients. METHODS A total of 53 MSA patients, 65 PD patients, and 62 normal subjects were recruited in our cross-sectional study. Serum Klotho (Klt), vitamin D (25(OH)D), and homocysteine (Hcy) levels were measured. Several scales were undertaken to assess the motor/nonmotor function and cognitive impairment of MSA. RESULTS Decreased Serum Klt and 25(OH)D levels and increased Hcy levels were found in patients with MSA, compared with healthy controls. These results were more pronounced in male patients. The three biomarkers also displayed differences between MSA and PD subgroups based on genders. Interestingly, Klt, 25(OH)D and Hcy levels associated with cognition impairment, motor dysfunction, mood/cardiovascular disorder among MSA patients. In addition, the combination of Klt, 25(OH)D and Hcy had a better diagnostic ability for distinguishing MSA patients from healthy subjects, as well as distinguishing male MSA patients from male PD patients. CONCLUSION This study suggested that Klt, 25(OH)D and Hcy levels could be a potential predictor for MSA severity evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhuang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Biao Xian
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling-Ling Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ze-Na Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xun Hu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Song Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xin-Xue Liao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Assisted Circulation, Ministry of Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Neutrophilic Inflammation in the Immune Responses of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Lessons from Animal Models. J Immunol Res 2017; 2017:7915975. [PMID: 28536707 PMCID: PMC5426078 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7915975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of mortality worldwide, which is characterized by chronic bronchitis, destruction of small airways, and enlargement/disorganization of alveoli. It is generally accepted that the neutrophilic airway inflammation observed in the lungs of COPD patients is intrinsically linked to the tissue destruction and alveolar airspace enlargement, leading to disease progression. Animal models play an important role in studying the underlying mechanisms of COPD as they address questions involving integrated whole body responses. This review aims to summarize the current animal models of COPD, focusing on their advantages and disadvantages on immune responses and neutrophilic inflammation. Also, we propose a potential new animal model of COPD, which may mimic the most characteristics of human COPD pathogenesis, including persistent moderate-to-high levels of neutrophilic inflammation.
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20
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Pako J, Barta I, Balogh Z, Kerti M, Drozdovszky O, Bikov A, Antus B, Horvath I, Varga J. Assessment of the Anti-Aging Klotho Protein in Patients with COPD Undergoing Pulmonary Rehabilitation. COPD 2017; 14:176-180. [DOI: 10.1080/15412555.2016.1272563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Judit Pako
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Imre Barta
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Balogh
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Kerti
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | - Andras Bikov
- Department of Pulmonology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Balazs Antus
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ildiko Horvath
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Janos Varga
- National Koranyi Institute of Tb and Pulmonology, Budapest, Hungary
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Verde Z, González-Moro JMR, Chicharro LM, Reinoso-Barbero L, Bandrés F, Gómez-Gallego F, Santiago C. A Paradox: α-Klotho Levels and Smoking Intensity. Lung 2016; 195:53-57. [PMID: 27752830 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-016-9944-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Reports regarding smoking differences in α-klotho expression have provided conflicting results. In the current study we focused on the influence of smoking intensity to serum levels of the aging molecule α-klotho in healthy smokers. 40 middle aged healthy smokers without airway obstruction or restriction were selected for the analysis. Serum levels of soluble α-klotho were significantly higher in heavy smokers (P < 0.001). These results are in agreement with the possibility that α-klotho acts as anti-inflammatory molecule and strengthen the hypothesis that an increase of serum levels of α-klotho might be a compensatory response to smoking stress in healthy population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoraida Verde
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea, 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain.
| | | | - Luis M Chicharro
- Cátedra Complutense Diagnostic and Innovation, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Reinoso-Barbero
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universidad Europea, 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain
- Occupational Medicine, Grupo Banco Popular, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Bandrés
- Department of Toxicology and Health Sanitary, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Catalina Santiago
- School of Doctoral Studies & Research, Universidad Europea, Madrid, Spain
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