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Bombardieri A, Bufano A, Fralassi N, Ciuoli C, Benenati N, Dalmiglio C, Voglino C, Tirone A, Vuolo G, Castagna MG. Assessing the Prevalence of Male Obesity-Associated Gonadal Dysfunction in Severe Obesity: A Focus on the Impact of Bariatric Surgery and Surgical Approaches. Obes Surg 2024:10.1007/s11695-024-07426-8. [PMID: 39085709 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07426-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Obesity is an important risk factor for secondary hypogonadism in men. Several studies evaluated the impact of bariatric surgery on gonadal function in men, proving an improvement in testosterone levels, without yet a global consensus on the impact of different surgical approaches. Objectives of the study are: to estimate the prevalence of obesity-associated gonadal dysfunction among men with severe obesity; to evaluate the response to bariatric surgery in terms of resolution of this condition, distinguishing between restrictive and restrictive-malabsorptive surgery. METHODS We conducted a retrospective evaluation of 413 males with severe obesity (BMI 44.7 ± 8.3 kg/m2). A subgroup of them (61.7%) underwent bariatric surgery. Anthropometric assessment (weight, BMI, waist and hip circumference), metabolic (glyco-lipidic asset and urate) and hormonal (morning gonadotropin and total testosterone) assessments were carried out at baseline and 3-6 months post-surgery. RESULTS Using a TT threshold of 2.64 ng/ml, 256 out of 413 (62%) patients were categorized as having biochemical hypogonadism. At multivariate analysis, the only parameter significantly associated with biochemical hypogonadism, was BMI value (p = 0.001). At 3-6 months after surgery, during the acute weight loss phase, only 20.1% of patients still had biochemical hypogonadism. At multivariate analysis, which included age, presurgical BMI, pre-surgical TT, surgical approach and %EWL, presurgical TT levels (p = 0.0004), %EWL (p = 0.04), and mixed restrictive-malabsorptive surgery (p = 0.01), were independently associated with the recovery of gonadal function. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study underscore the potential reversibility of obesity-associated gonadal dysfunction through bariatric surgery, highlighting the importance of considering surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Bombardieri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, UOC Endocrinology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bufano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, UOC Endocrinology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Noemi Fralassi
- Department of Biochemical, Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Cristina Ciuoli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, UOC Endocrinology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Benenati
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, UOC Endocrinology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Cristina Dalmiglio
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, UOC Endocrinology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Costantino Voglino
- Department of General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Andrea Tirone
- Department of General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Vuolo
- Department of General and Specialized Surgery, Unit of Bariatric Surgery, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Castagna
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, UOC Endocrinology, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
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Moses E, Atlan T, Sun X, Franek R, Siddiqui A, Marinov GK, Shifman S, Zucker DM, Oron-Gottesman A, Greenleaf WJ, Cohen E, Ram O, Harel I. The killifish germline regulates longevity and somatic repair in a sex-specific manner. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.12.18.572041. [PMID: 38187630 PMCID: PMC10769255 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.18.572041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Classical evolutionary theories propose tradeoffs between reproduction, damage repair, and lifespan. However, the specific role of the germline in shaping vertebrate aging remains largely unknown. Here, we use the turquoise killifish ( N. furzeri ) to genetically arrest germline development at discrete stages, and examine how different modes of infertility impact life-history. We first construct a comprehensive single-cell gonadal atlas, providing cell-type-specific markers for downstream phenotypic analysis. Next, we show that germline depletion - but not arresting germline differentiation - enhances damage repair in female killifish. Conversely, germline-depleted males instead showed an extension in lifespan and rejuvenated metabolic functions. Through further transcriptomic analysis, we highlight enrichment of pro-longevity pathways and genes in germline-depleted male killifish and demonstrate functional conservation of how these factors may regulate longevity in germline-depleted C. elegans . Our results therefore demonstrate that different germline manipulation paradigms can yield pronounced sexually dimorphic phenotypes, implying alternative responses to classical evolutionary tradeoffs.
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Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Bjørndal B, Berge RK, Vachkova E, Milanova A, Penchev G, Georgiev IP. Diet restriction alone improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity than its coadministration with krill or fish oil in a rabbit model of castration‐induced obesity. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2022; 106:1396-1407. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - Zhenya Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Department of Sports, Food, and Natural Sciences Western Norway University of Applied Sciences Bergen Norway
| | - Rolf Kristian Berge
- Department of Clinical Science University of Bergen Bergen Norway
- Department of Heart Disease Haukeland University Hospital Bergen Norway
| | - Ekaterina Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - Aneliya Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Penchev Georgiev
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Trakia University Stara Zagora Bulgaria
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Wang SK, Lee MC, Hung CL, Chen HH, Liao CC, Chiu YL. Association between hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype and hypogonadism in Taiwanese adult men. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0265629. [PMID: 35320301 PMCID: PMC8942218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0265629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aging-related hypogonadism in men is related to the deterioration of overall health. Those with this disease rarely receive treatment. The hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype is a tool for predicting abnormalities of cardiovascular metabolism. However, the relationship between the HTGW phenotype and hypogonadism remains undetermined. This study aimed to determine the association between HTGW phenotype and hypogonadism in different age groups. Methods Data of this cross-sectional study were obtained from MJ Health Screening Center in Taiwan from 2007 to 2016. The HTGW phenotype was divided into four categories based on whether the waist circumference (WC) and triglyceride levels were normal. WC of <90 cm and triglyceride level of <150 mg/dL were defined as normal. Hypogonadism was defined as a testosterone level of <300 ng/dL. Results Overall, 6442 male participants were divided into three age groups: <50, 50–64, and ≥65 years (n = 4135, 1958, and 349; age groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively). The overall prevalence of hypogonadism was 10.6%. In group 1, participants with HTGW (odds ratio, 1.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.354–2.896) had a higher risk of hypogonadism than those with normal WC and normal triglyceride levels after adjustment for body mass index and fasting blood glucose level. In group 2, participants with HTGW (odds ratio, 1.873; 95% CI, 1.099–3.193) had an increased risk of hypogonadism after adjustment for body mass index, fasting blood glucose level, Cholesterol levels, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels, low-density lipoprptein (LDL) levels and smoking status. However, no relationship was observed between HTGW phenotype and hypogonadism in group 3. Conclusion HTGW phenotype was highly associated with hypogonadism in Taiwanese adult men. More attention should be paid to men aged <50 years with HTGW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Kuang Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- Medical Administrative Department, Taichung Army Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chih Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Management, Chaoyang University of Technology, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lien Hung
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hung Chen
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Asia University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Law, Providence University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Chung Sheng clinic, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Cheng Liao
- Department of Medical Education and Research, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Family Medicine, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CCL); (YLC)
| | - Yu-Lung Chiu
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
- * E-mail: (CCL); (YLC)
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Ibrahim A, Mahmoud UT, Ali MM, Ragab SMM. Evaluation of the subcapsular technique for primary closure castration in donkeys (Equus asinus). Sci Rep 2021; 11:14080. [PMID: 34234262 PMCID: PMC8263736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93585-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This study described the subcapsular technique for primary closure castration in donkeys with special regard to its efficiency and welfare impacts. The study was conducted on twelve adult male donkeys, allocated randomly into two groups; subcapsular castration (SC) and open castration (OC) groups, whether the donkeys were subjected to surgical castration either by subcapsular or open castration techniques, respectively. Testosterone, cortisol, lactate, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TG), and nitric oxide (NO) were measured before and after castration. Pain-associated behavioral activities were recorded post-castration. The SC was successfully performed in donkeys through a single paramedian scrotal incision. The SC was efficient as OC in reducing testosterone levels. The pain score decreased in the SC compared to the OC over time. The SC was an efficient and reliable technique for primary closure castration in donkeys with minimal postoperative complications and care and good cosmetic, physiological, and behavioral outcomes. It can be an alternative to other castration techniques in equines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ibrahim
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XVeterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Usama T. Mahmoud
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Animal and Poultry Behavior and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Magda M. Ali
- grid.252487.e0000 0000 8632 679XDepartment of Surgery, Anesthesiology and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
| | - Sohair M. M. Ragab
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Assiut Uuniversity, Assiut, 71526 Egypt
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Obese Animals as Models for Numerous Diseases: Advantages and Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57050399. [PMID: 33919006 PMCID: PMC8142996 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57050399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
With the advances in obesity research, a variety of animal models have been developed to investigate obesity pathogenesis, development, therapies and complications. Such obese animals would not only allow us to explore obesity but would also represent models to study diseases and conditions that develop with obesity or where obesity represents a risk factor. Indeed, obese subjects, as well as animal models of obesity, develop pathologies such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Therefore, obese animals would represent models for numerous diseases. Although those diseases can be induced in animals by chemicals or drugs without obesity development, having them developed as consequences of obesity has numerous advantages. These advantages include mimicking natural pathogenesis processes, using diversity in obesity models (diet, animal species) to study the related variabilities and exploring disease intensity and reversibility depending on obesity development and treatments. Importantly, therapeutic implications and pharmacological tests represent key advantages too. On the other hand, obesity prevalence is continuously increasing, and, therefore, the likelihood of having a patient suffering simultaneously from obesity and a particular disease is increasing. Thus, studying diverse diseases in obese animals (either induced naturally or developed) would allow researchers to build a library of data related to the patterns or specificities of obese patients within the context of pathologies. This may lead to a new branch of medicine specifically dedicated to the diseases and care of obese patients, similar to geriatric medicine, which focuses on the elderly population.
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Fernandez CJ, Chacko EC, Pappachan JM. Male Obesity-related Secondary Hypogonadism - Pathophysiology, Clinical Implications and Management. EUROPEAN ENDOCRINOLOGY 2019; 15:83-90. [PMID: 31616498 PMCID: PMC6785957 DOI: 10.17925/ee.2019.15.2.83] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The single most significant risk factor for testosterone deficiency in men is obesity. The pathophysiological mechanisms involved in male obesity-related secondary hypogonadism are highly complex. Obesity-induced increase in levels of leptin, insulin, proinflammatory cytokines and oestrogen can cause a functional hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism with the defect present at the level of the hypothalamic gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. The resulting hypogonadism by itself can worsen obesity, creating a self-perpetuating cycle. Obesity-induced hypogonadism is reversible with substantial weight loss. Lifestyle-measures form the cornerstone of management as they can potentially improve androgen deficiency symptoms irrespective of their effect on testosterone levels. In selected patients, bariatric surgery can reverse the obesity-induced hypogonadism. If these measures fail to relieve symptoms and to normalise testosterone levels, in appropriately selected men, testosterone replacement therapy could be started. Aromatase inhibitors and selective oestrogen receptor modulators are not recommended due to lack of consistent clinical trial-based evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelius J Fernandez
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Pilgrim Hospital, United Lincolnshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Boston, UK
| | - Elias C Chacko
- Department of Endocrinology, Jersey General Hospital, St Helier, Jersey
| | - Joseph M Pappachan
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Preston, UK
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Chunchai T, Apaijai N, Keawtep P, Mantor D, Arinno A, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Testosterone deprivation intensifies cognitive decline in obese male rats via glial hyperactivity, increased oxidative stress, and apoptosis in both hippocampus and cortex. Acta Physiol (Oxf) 2019; 226:e13229. [PMID: 30506942 DOI: 10.1111/apha.13229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM The study hypothesized that testosterone deprivation aggravates cognitive decline in obesity through increasing oxidative stress, glial activation, and apoptosis. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 24) were fed with either normal-diet (ND) or high-fat diet (HFD) for 24 weeks. At week 13, ND-fed rats and HFD-fed rats were randomly assigned to two subgroups to receive either a sham-operation or bilateral-orchiectomy (ORX). Rats were evaluated for metabolic parameters and cognition at 4, 8, and 12 weeks after the operation. At the end of protocol, the reactive oxygen species (ROS), glial morphology, and cell apoptosis were determined in hippocampus and cortex. RESULTS Both HFD-fed groups developed obese-insulin resistance, but ND-fed rats did not. HFD-fed rats with sham-operation showed cognitive decline, when compared to ND-fed rats with sham-operation at all time points. At 4- and 8-week after ORX, the cognitive impairment of ND-fed rats and both HFD-fed groups was not different. However, 12-week after ORX, cognitive decline and of glial hyperactivity of HFD-fed rats had the greatest increase among all groups. Hippocampal ROS levels and apoptotic cells in both HFD-fed groups were equally increased, but the cortical ROS levels and apoptotic cells of HFD-fed rats with ORX were the highest ones. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that testosterone deprivation aggravates cognitive decline in obesity via increasing oxidative stress, glial activity and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titikorn Chunchai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Nattayaporn Apaijai
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Puntarik Keawtep
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Duangkamol Mantor
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Apiwan Arinno
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand
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Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Bjorndal B, Vachkova E, Penchev G, Berge R, Ribarski S, Georgieva TM, Yonkova P, Georgiev IP. Effect of fish oil supplementation and restricted feeding on body fat distribution and blood lipid profile in a rabbit model of castration-induced obesity. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:99-105. [PMID: 30861430 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of fish oil supplementation and restricted feeding on body fat distribution and blood lipid profile in experimentally induced obesity in rabbits. The trial was carried out with 30 male rabbits, divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each (NC - non-castrated, non-treated, full-diet fed; C100 - castrated, non-treated, full-diet fed; FO100 - castrated, treated with fish oil, full-diet fed; C50 - castrated, non-treated, 50% restricted fed; FO50 - castrated, treated with fish oil, 50% restricted fed). At the end of the experiment, plasma lipids measurement and quantification of fat distribution was performed. The results of this study indicate that fish oil supplementation reduces obesity-associated abnormalities in lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and non-esterified fatty acids) and in body fat distribution in full-diet fed rabbits. Restricted feeding (C50) alone and the combination of restricted feeding and fish oil supplementation (FO50) in particular, has a detrimental effect on the lipid profile despite the marked reduction in intra-abdominal fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Zh Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - B Bjorndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - E Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - G Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - R Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - S Ribarski
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Nutrition, Agriculture Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - T Mircheva Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - P Yonkova
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - I Penchev Georgiev
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
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Vackova E, Bosnakovski D, Bjørndal B, Yonkova P, Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Penchev G, Simeonova G, Miteva L, Milanova A, Vachkova T, Stanilova S, Penchev Georgiev I. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids provoke a specific transcriptional profile in rabbit adipose-derived stem cells in vitro. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2019; 103:925-934. [PMID: 30816602 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) possess multipotent properties, and their proper functionality is essential for further development of metabolic disorders. In the current study, we explored the impact of two n-3 LC-PUFAs (long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, DHA-docosahexaenoic; C22:6, and EPA-eicosapentaenoic; C20:5) on a specific profile of lipolytic-related gene expressions in the in vitro-differentiated subcutaneous and visceral ADSCs from rabbits. The subcutaneous and visceral ADSCs were obtained from 28-day-old New Zealand rabbits. The primary cells were cultured up to passage 4 and were induced for adipogenic differentiation. Thereafter, the differentiated cells were treated with 100 µg EPA or DHA for 48 hr. The total mRNA was isolated and target genes expression evaluated by real-time RCR. The results demonstrated that treatment of rabbit ADSCs with n-3 PUFAs significantly enhanced mRNA expression of Perilipin A, while the upregulation of leptin and Rab18 genes was seen mainly in ADSCs from visceral adipose tissue. Moreover, the EPA significantly enhanced PEDF (Pigment Derived Epithelium Factor) mRNA expression only in visceral cells. Collectively, the results suggest activation of an additional lipolysis pathway most evident in visceral cells. The data obtained in our study indicate that in vitro EPA up-regulates the mRNA expression of the studied lipolysis-associated genes stronger than DHA mainly in visceral rabbit ADSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eкaterina Vackova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Darko Bosnakovski
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delčev- Štip, Shtip, Macedonia
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Penka Yonkova
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Natalia Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Zhenya Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Galina Simeonova
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Lyuba Miteva
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anelya Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Tatyana Vachkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Penchev Georgiev
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Taghizadeh M, Memarzadeh MR, Abedi F, Sharifi N, Karamali F, Fakhrieh Kashan Z, Asemi Z. The Effect of Cumin cyminum L. Plus Lime Administration on Weight Loss and Metabolic Status in Overweight Subjects: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial. IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 18:e34212. [PMID: 27781121 PMCID: PMC5065707 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.34212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background Limited data are available regarding the effects of combined administration of Cumin cyminum L. and lime on weight loss and metabolic profiles among subjects with overweight subjects. Objectives The current study aimed to assess the effects of combined administration of Cumin cyminum L. and lime on weight loss and metabolic profiles among subjects with overweight. Patients and Methods This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 72 subjects with overweight, aged 18 - 50 years old. Participants were randomly divided into three groups: Group A received high-dose Cumin cyminum L. and lime capsules (75 mg each, n = 24), group B low-dose Cumin cyminum L. and lime capsules (25 mg each, n = 24) and group C placebos (n = 24) twice daily for eight weeks. Results After eight weeks of intervention, compared with low-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime and placebo, taking high-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime resulted in significant weight loss (in the high-dose group: -2.1 ± 1.7 vs. in the low-dose group: -1.2 ± 1.5 and in the placebo group: + 0.2 ± 1.3 kg, respectively; P < 0.001) and body mass index (-0.8 ± 0.6 vs. -0.5 ± 0.5 and +0.1 ± 0.5 kg/m2, respectively; P < 0.001). In addition, administration of high-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime compared with low-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime and placebo, led to a significant reduction in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (P < 0.001) and a significant rise in quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) (+ 0.02 ± 0.02 vs. + 0.01 ± 0.02 and 0.01 ± 0.01, respectively; P = 0.01). Moreover, a significant decrease in serum triglycerides (-14.1 ± 56.2 vs. +13.9 ± 36.8 and + 10.6 ± 25.1 mg/dL; respectively; P = 0.03), total-cholesterol (-18.4 ± 28.6 vs. +8.6 ± 28.5 and -1.0 ± 24.8 mg/dL; respectively; P = 0.004) and low density lipoproteins- (LDL)-cholesterol levels (-11.8 ± 20.7 vs. +6.5 ± 23.2 and -2.9 ± 20.4 mg/dL, respectively; P = 0.01) was observed following the consumption of high-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime compared with low-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime and placebo. Conclusions Results of the current study indicated that taking high-dose C. cyminum L. plus lime for eight weeks among subjects with overweight had beneficial effects on weight, BMI, FPG, QUICKI, triglycerides, total-cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Taghizadeh
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Abedi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Nasrin Sharifi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Fatemeh Karamali
- Rajaie Cardiovascular Medical and Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Zohreh Fakhrieh Kashan
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran
- Corresponding Author: Zatollah Asemi, Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, IR Iran. Tel: +98-31-55463378, Fax: +98-31-55463377, E-mail:
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Vachkova E, Bosnakovski D, Yonkova P, Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Todorov P, Penchev G, Milanova A, Simeonova G, Stanilova S, Georgiev IP. Adipogenic potential of stem cells derived from rabbit subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in vitro. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2016; 52:829-37. [PMID: 27173612 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-016-0048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rabbits are considered as appropriate animal models to study some obesity-associated abnormalities because of the similarity of their blood lipid profile and metabolism to humans. The current study was focused on comparison of adipose differentiation ability in rabbit adipose-derived stem cells (ADSC) in vitro. Subcutaneous and visceral stromal vascular fractions (SVF) were isolated from three 28-d-old New Zealand rabbits by collagenase digestion. Supernatants from both isolates were collected 24 h after the initial plating. On the fourth passage, all isolated cell types undergo triplicate adipogenic induction. The adipose induction potential was calculated as percentage of increasing optical density (OD) values. The data revealed that with increasing the number of induction cycles, the induction tendency in visceral ADSC decreased in contrast to the subcutaneous ones. Although the supernatants did not reach induction levels of their relevant precursors, they follow the same pattern in both subcutaneous and visceral ADSC. All cell types successfully passed osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation. In conclusion, the best adipose induction ability was observed in directly plated subcutaneous cell population. The increase of induction numbers depressed adipose induction ability in cell populations derived from visceral fat depots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Vachkova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
| | - D Bosnakovski
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delčev-Štip, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia
| | - P Yonkova
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - N Grigorova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Zh Ivanova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - P Todorov
- Institute of Biology and Immunology of Reproduction, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - G Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - A Milanova
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - G Simeonova
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - S Stanilova
- Department of Molecular Biology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - I Penchev Georgiev
- Animal Physiology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6 000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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Pintana H, Pratchayasakul W, Sa-nguanmoo P, Pongkan W, Tawinvisan R, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Testosterone deprivation has neither additive nor synergistic effects with obesity on the cognitive impairment in orchiectomized and/or obese male rats. Metabolism 2016; 65:54-67. [PMID: 26773929 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Revised: 10/02/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous studies demonstrated a correlation between cognitive decline and either testosterone deprivation or obesity. However, the effect of obesity combined with testosterone deprivation on cognitive function has not been investigated. This study investigated the effects of obesity on brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function, hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in testosterone-deprived male rats. MATERIALS/METHODS Male Wistar rats were divided into sham-operated (control) and bilateral orchiectomized (ORX) groups. Rats in each group were further divided into two subgroups to receive either a normal diet (ND) or a high fat diet (HFD) for 4, 8 or 12weeks. Blood samples were collected to determine metabolic parameters. Cognitive function was tested using the Morris Water Maze Test. At the end of the study, brains were removed to investigate brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. RESULTS Both control-obese and ORX-obese rats developed peripheral insulin resistance at week eight, and brain insulin resistance as well as brain mitochondrial dysfunction at week 12. However, the ORX-obese rats developed cognitive impairment and decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity beginning at week eight, whereas the control-obese rats developed these impairments later at week 12. Although both peripheral and brain insulin resistance were not observed in both the control-lean and ORX-lean rats, impaired cognition and decreased hippocampal synaptic plasticity were found in the ORX-lean rats beginning at week eight. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that testosterone deprivation has neither additive nor synergistic effects over obesity in the development of cognitive dysfunction in orchiectomized-obese male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiranya Pintana
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Piangkwan Sa-nguanmoo
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wanpitak Pongkan
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Rungroj Tawinvisan
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand; Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
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Wang N, Zhai H, Han B, Li Q, Chen Y, Chen Y, Xia F, Lin D, Lu Y. Visceral fat dysfunction is positively associated with hypogonadism in Chinese men. Sci Rep 2016; 6:19844. [PMID: 26796865 PMCID: PMC4726157 DOI: 10.1038/srep19844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Visceral adiposity index (VAI) well mirrors visceral fat dysfunction. No study explored the association between low androgen and VAI. We aimed to determine whether VAI was associated with hypogonadism and sex hormones, and also whether it better predicted hypogonadism than other obesity indices. Our data were collected from 16 sites in East China. 2,759 men were enrolled. Hypogonadism was defined as total testosterone < 11.3 nmol/L. VAI was calculated in male: (waist circumference/(39.68 + (1.88 × BMI)) × (triglycerides/1.03) × (1.31/HDL). 484 (17.5%) hypogonadal men had significantly higher VAI. After adjusting for age, smoking, neck and hip circumference, diabetes and hypertension, VAI was inversely associated with total testosterone, estradiol and SHBG (P < 0.01). Higher quartiles of VAI were associated with significantly increasing odds of hypogonadism (P for trend < 0.01). The fully adjusted odds ratio was 5.88 (95 CI% 4.09, 8.46) for the highest quartile compared with the lowest quartile of VAI. Among all the indices investigated, VAI showed the largest area under the curve (P < 0.001). In conclusion, the VAI was significantly associated with a higher prevalence of hypogonadism in Chinese men. VAI also best predicted hypogonadism among obesity indices (waist, hip and neck circumference, BMI, waist-hip ratio and body adiposity index).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningjian Wang
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hualing Zhai
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Han
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qin Li
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingchao Chen
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangzhen Xia
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongping Lin
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingli Lu
- Institute and Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Corona G, Vignozzi L, Sforza A, Mannucci E, Maggi M. Obesity and late-onset hypogonadism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2015; 418 Pt 2:120-33. [PMID: 26143633 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 06/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Obesity and male hypogonadism (HG) are often associated, as demonstrated in all cross-sectional studies. Prospective studies have indicated that i) having HG at baseline increases the risk of visceral obesity (and metabolic syndrome) and that ii) obesity induces incident HG. Hence, there is a bidirectional relationship between the two conditions. This is the main topic of this review, along with some pathogenic considerations. Meta-analysis of intervention studies indicates that treating obesity is a very efficient treatment for obesity-induced HG. The mechanism by which obesity induces HG has not yet been completely understood, but dietary-induced hypothalamic inflammation, along with a decreased GnRH release, is plausible. Among patients seeking medical care for obesity, the proportion of HG is relatively high. The prevalence of obesity among patients referring for sexual dysfunction is also elevated. Hence, in symptomatic, obese, hypogonadal subjects, testosterone supplementation (TS) can be considered. Whereas long-term uncontrolled register studies suggest that TS could decrease weight, analysis of controlled studies only support a parallel increase in lean mass and decrease in fat mass, with a resulting null effect on weight. Considering that T induces an increase in muscle mass, it is conceivable that the amount of activity obese people can undertake after TS will increase, allowing a closer adherence to physical exercise programs. Some studies, here meta-analyzed, support this concept.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Corona
- Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Medical Department, Azienda-Usl Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - L Vignozzi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - A Sforza
- Endocrinology Unit, Maggiore-Bellaria Hospital, Medical Department, Azienda-Usl Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - E Mannucci
- Diabetes Agency, Careggi Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - M Maggi
- Sexual Medicine and Andrology Unit, Department of Experimental, Clinical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
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Pintana H, Pongkan W, Pratchayasakul W, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn SC. Testosterone replacement attenuates cognitive decline in testosterone-deprived lean rats, but not in obese rats, by mitigating brain oxidative stress. AGE (DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS) 2015; 37:84. [PMID: 26277724 PMCID: PMC5005838 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-015-9827-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone replacement improves metabolic parameters and cognitive function in hypogonadism. However, the effects of testosterone therapy on cognition in obese condition with testosterone deprivation have not been investigated. We hypothesized that testosterone replacement improves cognitive function in testosterone-deprived obese rats by restoring brain insulin sensitivity, brain mitochondrial function, and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Thirty male Wistar rats had either a bilateral orchiectomy (ORX: O, n = 24) or a sham operation (S, n = 6). ORX rats were further divided into two groups fed with either a normal diet (NDO) or a high-fat diet (HFO) for 12 weeks. Then, ORX rats in each dietary group were divided into two subgroups (n = 6/subgroup) and were given either castor oil or testosterone (2 mg/kg/day, s.c.) for 4 weeks. At the end of this protocol, cognitive function, metabolic parameters, brain insulin sensitivity, hippocampal synaptic plasticity, and brain mitochondrial function were determined. We found that testosterone replacement increased peripheral insulin sensitivity, decreased circulation and brain oxidative stress levels, and attenuated brain mitochondrial ROS production in HFO rats. However, testosterone failed to restore hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in HFO rats. In contrast, in NDO rats, testosterone decreased circulation and brain oxidative stress levels, attenuated brain mitochondrial ROS production, and restored hippocampal synaptic plasticity as well as cognitive function. These findings suggest that testosterone replacement improved peripheral insulin sensitivity and decreased oxidative stress levels, but failed to restore hippocampal synaptic plasticity and cognitive function in testosterone-deprived obese rats. However, it provided beneficial effects in reversing cognitive impairment in testosterone-deprived non-obese rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiranya Pintana
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wanpitak Pongkan
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Wasana Pratchayasakul
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Nipon Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
- Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200 Thailand
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Pintana H, Chattipakorn N, Chattipakorn S. Testosterone deficiency, insulin-resistant obesity and cognitive function. Metab Brain Dis 2015; 30:853-76. [PMID: 25703239 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-015-9655-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Testosterone is an androgenic steroid hormone, which plays an important role in the regulation of male reproduction and behaviors, as well as in the maintenance of insulin sensitivity. Several studies showed that testosterone exerted beneficial effects in brain function, including preventing neuronal cell death, balancing brain oxidative stress and antioxidant activity, improving synaptic plasticity and involving cognitive formation. Although previous studies showed that testosterone deficiency is positively correlated with cognitive impairment and insulin-resistant obesity, several studies demonstrated contradictory findings. Thus, this review comprehensively summarizes the current evidence from in vitro, in vivo and clinical studies of the relationship between testosterone deficiency and insulin-resistant obesity as well as the correlation between either insulin-resistant obesity or testosterone deficiency and cognitive impairment. Controversial reports and the mechanistic insights regarding the roles of testosterone in insulin-resistant obesity and cognitive function are also presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiranya Pintana
- Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
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Food restriction during pregnancy in rabbits: Effects on hormones and metabolites involved in energy homeostasis and metabolic programming. Res Vet Sci 2015; 98:7-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2014.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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20
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Ivanova Z, Bjørndal B, Grigorova N, Roussenov A, Vachkova E, Berge K, Burri L, Berge R, Stanilova S, Milanova A, Penchev G, Vik R, Petrov V, Georgieva TM, Bivolraski B, Georgiev IP. Effect of fish and krill oil supplementation on glucose tolerance in rabbits with experimentally induced obesity. Eur J Nutr 2014; 54:1055-67. [PMID: 25315197 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-014-0782-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted to investigate the effect of fish oil (FO) and krill oil (KO) supplementation on glucose tolerance in obese New Zealand white rabbits. METHODS The experiments were carried out with 24 male rabbits randomly divided into four groups: KO-castrated, treated with KO; FO-castrated, treated with FO; C-castrated, non-treated; NC-non-castrated, non-treated. At the end of treatment period (2 months), an intravenous glucose tolerance test (IVGTT) was performed in all rabbits. RESULTS Fasting blood glucose concentrations in FO and KO animals were significantly lower than in group C. The blood glucose concentrations in FO- and KO-treated animals returned to initial values after 30 and 60 min of IVGTT, respectively. In liver, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (Cpt2) and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA synthase 2 (Hmgcs2) genes were significantly increased in FO-fed rabbits compared with the C group. Acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha (Acaca) expression was significantly reduced in both KO- and FO-fed rabbits. In skeletal muscle, Hmgcs2 and Cd36 were significantly higher in KO-fed rabbits compared with the C group. Acaca expression was significantly lower in KO- and FO-fed rabbits compared with the C group. CONCLUSION The present results indicate that FO and KO supplementation decreases fasting blood glucose and improves glucose tolerance in obese New Zealand white rabbits. This could be ascribed to the ameliorated insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion and modified gene expressions of some key enzymes involved in β-oxidation and lipogenesis in liver and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Bodil Bjørndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Natalia Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anton Roussenov
- Department of Internal Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ekaterina Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Kjetil Berge
- Aker BioMarine Antarctic AS, Fjordalléen 16, 0115, Oslo, Norway
| | - Lena Burri
- Aker BioMarine Antarctic AS, Fjordalléen 16, 0115, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rolf Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Spaska Stanilova
- Molecular Biology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Anelia Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Georgi Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Rita Vik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vladimir Petrov
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Infection and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Teodora Mircheva Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Boycho Bivolraski
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Ivan Penchev Georgiev
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
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Waye MMY. New insights into how adenovirus might lead to obesity: An oxidative stress theory. Free Radic Res 2011; 45:880-7. [DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.571684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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