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Structural Basis for the Functional Diversity of Centrins: A Focus on Calcium Sensing Properties and Target Recognition. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212173. [PMID: 34830049 PMCID: PMC8622359 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Centrins are a family of small, EF hand-containing proteins that are found in all eukaryotes and are often complexed with centrosome-related structures. Since their discovery, centrins have attracted increasing interest due to their multiple, diverse cellular functions. Centrins are similar to calmodulin (CaM) in size, structure and domain organization, although in contrast to CaM, the majority of centrins possess at least one calcium (Ca2+) binding site that is non-functional, thus displaying large variance in Ca2+ sensing abilities that could support their functional versatility. In this review, we summarize current knowledge on centrins from both biophysical and structural perspectives with an emphasis on centrin-target interactions. In-depth analysis of the Ca2+ sensing properties of centrins and structures of centrins complexed with target proteins can provide useful insight into the mechanisms of the different functions of centrins and how these proteins contribute to the complexity of the Ca2+ signaling cascade. Moreover, it can help to better understand the functional redundancy of centrin isoforms and centrin-binding proteins.
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Li M, Zhang W, Yang B. N‑(6‑Aminohexyl)‑5‑chloro‑1‑naphthalenesulfonamide, a centrin antagonist, inhibits Tb 3+/peptides-binding properties. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 193:15-24. [PMID: 30660047 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
N‑(6‑Aminohexyl)‑5‑chloro‑1‑naphthalenesulfonamide (W-7), a kind of adjuvant chemotherapy, can bind to calmodulin and inhibit Ca2+/calmodulin-regulated enzyme activities and cell proliferation. Similar to calmodulin, euplotes octocarinatus centrin (EoCen) belongs to EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins. It is associated with nucleotide excision repair (NER), cell division cycle and ciliogenesis. In the present study, the comparative interaction of W-7 with EoCen was first examined by using various spectroscopic, calorimetric methods and molecular docking. The obtain results recommend that only one W-7 molecule is identified binding to the C-terminal hydrophobic pocket of centrin that normally plays a role in anchoring targets. Methyl groups of Ala126, Met141, Ile161 and M162 of C-terminal may react with W-7 chloronaphthalene ring, other aliphatic or aromatic side-chains in a deep hydrophobic pocket of protein. Circular dichroism (CD) and fluorescence lifetime experiments reveal that W-7 triggers a conformational change of centrin. As a result, W-7 is identified to be an antagonist of centrin. It appears to inhibit the centrin-mediated activation of target proteins by blocking the hydrophobic pocket. Moreover, the complex formation leads to affinity decrease of Tb3+ binding to C-terminal of protein and self-assembly affected. Our present study provides the first view of centrin recognizing a naphthalene-sulfonamide derivative. It is proposed that W-7 and its analogues can serve as a useful tool for research on the participation of centrin in biological processes and cell biology-related studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China; Department of Chemistry, Changzhi University, Changzhi 046011, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Effect of Tb(III) on the unfolding of ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin induced by guanidine hydrochloride. J RARE EARTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jre.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang W, Shi E, Zhao Y, Yang B. Modulation effect of double strand DNA on the self-assembly of N-terminal domain of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 180:15-25. [PMID: 29223826 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Centrin is a member of the EF-hand super family of calcium-binding proteins, which can behave as a part of damage detector initiated the initiation of nucleotide excision repair (NER). Its self-assembly plays a causative role in fiber contraction associated with the cell division cycle and ciliogenesis. To explore the possible role of DNA in the process of centrin self-assembly, the aggregation properties of N-terminal domain of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin (N-EoCen) in the presence of DNA with or without metal ions are investigated. It is verified that metal ions, such as Ca2+ and Tb3+, can bind to N-EoCen with 2:1 stoichiometry by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). Importantly, this study reports that double strand DNA (dsDNA) is capable of binding N-EoCen, changing conformation of protein and modulating centrin aggregation, as demonstrated by extensive biophysical assays. Interestingly, the open conformation of protein induced by metal ions may be favour of the interaction of protein with dsDNA. Nevertheless, the randomly coiled single strand DNA (ssDNA) is completely inefficient to the aggregation regulation. Furthermore, results reveal that hydrophobic site could play important role in the process. This finding may link to the potent roles of centrin in the NER process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Enxian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China; Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yaqin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Shi E, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Yang B. Modulation of XPC peptide on binding Tb 3+ to Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. Metallomics 2017; 9:1796-1808. [PMID: 29114686 DOI: 10.1039/c7mt00263g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Centrins are Ca2+-binding proteins found throughout eukaryotic organisms. Xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein (XPC), a dominant component of the nuclear excision repair (NER) pathway, is a critical target protein of centrins. A 22-residue peptide (K842-R863) from XPC was used to investigate the effect of metal ions (Ca2+ and Tb3+) on the peptide binding of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin (EoCen) by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) and fluorescence spectroscopy. ITC and tryptophan spectrofluorimetric titrations revealed that metal ions (Ca2+ and Tb3+) could enhance the affinity between EoCen and the XPC peptide, and the enhanced effects were closely related to the ion potential of metal ions. Since the ion potential of Tb3+ (e/r = 0.0325) is larger than that of Ca2+ (e/r = 0.0202), the conformational change in the protein induced by Tb3+ is larger than that induced by Ca2+, and the enhanced affinity of Tb3+ is stronger than that of Ca2+. This interaction was driven by enthalpy in the presence of EDTA and enthalpy and entropy in the presence of Ca2+ or Tb3+. Similar to that observed in the presence of EDTA, the N-terminal domain did not participate in the interaction with the XPC peptide even in the presence of metal ions. Resonance light scattering (RLS) and the band shift in native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) suggested that peptide binding resulted in the dissociation of EoCen aggregates and complex formation via the monomer-peptide form. Tb3+-Sensitized emission suggested that peptide binding in turn also had an impact on the Tb3+ binding of the protein: the C-terminal domain was slightly strengthened and the N-terminal domain was weakened about 225 fold. RLS and native PAGE indicated that the self-assembly induced by Tb3+ binding to the N-terminal domain of EoCen was inhibited in the presence of the XPC peptide. This study elucidates the molecular mechanism of EoCen function in the cellular context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxian Shi
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China. and Department of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China.
| | - Yaqin Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China.
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China.
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Rong Z, Zhao Y, Shi E, Zhang W, Yang B. Comparative Electrochemical Study of N-, C-terminal and Integral Centrin on Adsorption and Metal-Binding Properties. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhijiang Rong
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 PR China
- School of Environment and Safety; Taiyuan University of Science and Technology; Taiyuan 030024 PR China
| | - Yaqin Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 PR China
| | - Enxian Shi
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 PR China
- College of Pharmacy; Shanxi Medical University; Taiyuan 030006 PR China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 PR China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry; Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 PR China
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Shi E, Zhang W, Zhao Y, Yang B. Binding of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin to peptide from xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein (XPC). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03079g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Trp is buried in the hydrophobic cavity, the peptide folds into an α-helix, and the interaction is enthalpically driven from ITC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enxian Shi
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- PR China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- PR China
| | - Yaqin Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- PR China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Molecular Engineering of Education Ministry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- PR China
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Zhang W, Shi E, Feng Y, Zhao Y, Yang B. Endonuclease-like activity of the N-terminal domain of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07907a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Euplotes octocarinatus centrin (EoCen) is a member of the EF-hand superfamily of calcium-binding proteins, which refer to nucleotide excision repair (NER).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Insitute of Molecular Science
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Enxian Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Insitute of Molecular Science
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
- Department of Pharmacy
| | - Yanan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Insitute of Molecular Science
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Yaqin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Insitute of Molecular Science
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Insitute of Molecular Science
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
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Liu W, Duan L, Sun T, Yang B. Role of four conserved aspartic acid residues of EF-loops in the metal ion binding and in the self-assembly of ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. Biometals 2016; 29:1047-1058. [PMID: 27743149 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9975-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin (EoCen) is an EF-hand calcium-binding protein closely related to the prototypical calcium sensor protein calmodulin. Four mutants (D37K, D73K, D110K and D146K) were created firstly to elucidate the importance of the first aspartic acid residues (Asp37, Asp73, Asp110 and Asp146) in the beginning of the four EF-loops of EoCen. Aromatic-sensitized Tb3+ fluorescence indicates that the aspartic acid residues are very important for the metal-binding of EoCen, except for Asp73 (in EF-loop II). Resonance light scattering (RLS) measurements for different metal ions (Ca2+ and Tb3+) binding proteins suggest that the order of four conserved aspartic acid residues for contributing to the self-assembly of EoCen is Asp37 > Asp146 > Asp110 > Asp73. Cross-linking experiment also exhibits that Asp37 and Asp146 play critical role in the self-assembly of EoCen. Asp37, in site I, which is located in the N-terminal domain, plays the most important role in the metal ion-dependent self-assembly of EoCen, and there is cooperativity between N-terminal and C-terminal domain (especially the site IV). In addition, the dependence of Tb3+ induced self-assembly of EoCen and the mutants on various factors, including ionic strength and pH, were characterized using RLS. Finally, 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS) binding, ionic strength and pH control experiments indicate that in the process of EoCen self-assembly, molecular interactions are mediated by both electrostatic and hydrophobic forces, and the hydrophobic interaction has the important status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Tijian Sun
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Binsheng Yang
- Institute of Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.
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Shokri E, Hosseini M, Faridbod F, Rahaie M. Synthesis and Assessment of DNA/Silver Nanoclusters Probes for Optimal and Selective Detection of Tristeza Virus Mild Strains. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:1795-803. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1871-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Rong Z, Tian Y, Yang B. A comparative study on binding ability of three lanthanide ions with centrin using impedance method. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08099h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Rong Z, Zhao Y, Liu B, Tian Y, Yang B. Adsorption of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin on glassy carbon electrodes as substrates to study europium–protein interactions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2013.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Zhang Y, He CY. Centrins in unicellular organisms: functional diversity and specialization. PROTOPLASMA 2012; 249:459-467. [PMID: 21786168 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-011-0305-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Accepted: 07/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Centrins (also known as caltractins) are conserved, EF hand-containing proteins ubiquitously found in eukaryotes. Similar to calmodulins, the calcium-binding EF hands in centrins fold into two structurally similar domains separated by an alpha-helical linker region, shaping like a dumbbell. The small size (15-22 kDa) and domain organization of centrins and their functional diversity/specialization make them an ideal system to study protein structure-function relationship. Here, we review the work on centrins with a focus on their structures and functions characterized in unicellular organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore, 117543, Singapore
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Zhao Y, Yan J, Song L, Feng Y, Liang A, Yang B. The interaction between lanthanide (III) and N-terminal domain of Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 87:163-170. [PMID: 22154266 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/13/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Centrin, a member of calcium-binding proteins, is an essential component for microtubule-organizing center (MTOC). Lanthanide (Ln) ions can increase amounts, enhance stability and orderliness of microtubules which is an important component of cytoskeleton. To investigate the structural basis of the effect of Ln ions on orderliness of microtubules, we focused on the interactions between the isolated N-terminal domain of Euplotes centrin (N-EoCen) and Ln by some combined biophysical and biochemical methods. Our results suggest that Ln ions may bind to the canonical calcium binding sites on N-EoCen. Taking advantage of ligand competition, we first determined the metal-binding affinities of Nd(3+), Eu(3+), Gd(3+) and Tm(3+) with N-EoCen. Major changes of N-EoCen in secondary and tertiary structure are noted while Ln ions bind with N-EoCen through CD spectra and 2-p-toluidinylnaphthalene-6-sulfonate (TNS) fluorescence. N-EoCen exists in the form of monomer and dimer in the presence of Ln ions. These results can provide some insights into the structural basis of how Ln ions achieve biological effect in cell through the centrin protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Zhao Y, Yan J, Feng Y, Liang A, Yang B. Analysis of the role of Mg²⁺ on conformational change and target recognition by ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2011; 105:60-68. [PMID: 21788140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The binding of Mg(2+) with the Euplotes octocarinatus centrin (EoCen) and the effect of Mg(2+) on the binding of EoCen with the peptide melittin were examined by spectroscopic methods. In this study, it was found that Mg(2+) may bind with Ca(2+)-binding sites, at least partly, on EoCen, which displays ∼10-fold weaker affinity than Ca(2+). In the presence of Mg(2+), Ca(2+)-saturated EoCen undergoes significant conformational changes resulting in decreased exposure of hydrophobic surfaces on the protein. Additionally, excess Mg(2+) did not change the stoichiometry, but rather reduced the affinity of EoCen to melittin. The Mg(2+)-dependent decrease in the affinities of EoCen to melittin is an intrinsic property of Mg(2+), rather than a nonspecific ionic effect. The inhibitory effect of Mg(2+) on the formation of complexes between EoCen and melittin may contribute to the specificity of EoCen in target activation in response to cellular Ca(2+) concentration fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Zhao
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Analysis of Lanthanide-Induced Conformational Change of the C-Terminal Domain on Centrin. J Fluoresc 2011; 22:485-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-011-0982-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Accepted: 09/16/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Metal ion-binding properties of wild-type and mutant D37K of ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s11434-010-3279-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Duan L, Liu W, Wang ZJ, Liang AH, Yang BS. Critical role of tyrosine 79 in the fluorescence resonance energy transfer and terbium(III)-dependent self-assembly of ciliate Euplotes octocarinatus centrin. J Biol Inorg Chem 2010; 15:995-1007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-010-0660-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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