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Prabakarakrishnan R, Praveen S, Natarajan A, Kandasamy S, Geetha K, Elfasakhany A, Pugazhendhi A. Computational and experimental studies of Metallo organic framework on human epidermal cell line and anticancer potential. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111520. [PMID: 34153332 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The pentadentate ligand and the precursors were combined to form complexes by green approach. The ligand formation was confirmed by UV-Vis, FT-IR, 1H-NMR, and LC-MS. The optimised stable structure was obtained by molecular simulation studies and the complexes were interpreted by conductivity measurements, UV-Vis, FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility, VSM, and ESR spectral studies. The redox nature of the complexes was investigated by cyclic voltammetry. The cyclic voltammogram shows complexes exhibited single electron transfer from Cu+2/Cu+1. Complexes and penta-dentate ligand were screened for in vitro cytotoxicity by MTT assay method on A431 skin cancer cell line. The ligand structural stability and biological activity were confirmed by theoretical computational studies. The magnetic behaviour showed antiferromagnetic properties at low temperature. The complexes were used as high bar magnets. Similarly, the redox behaviour showed that the complexes could be used in electroplating techniques and sensors. Clinical application revealed that the complexes had effective cytotoxicity. From the data obtained, the complexes were in the form [MLR], where L was the penta-dentate ligand and R = [C6H5COO] & R = [C6H4COO (OH)].
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Affiliation(s)
- R Prabakarakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Viswa Mahavidyalaya, Enathur, Kanchipuram, 631 561, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Praveen
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Govt. Arts College, Otteri, Vellore, 632 002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Natarajan
- Department of Biochemistry, Lakshmi Bangaru Arts and Science College, Melmaruvathur, 603 319, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - K Geetha
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Muthurangam Govt. Arts College, Otteri, Vellore, 632 002, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Ashraf Elfasakhany
- Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arivalagan Pugazhendhi
- School of Renewable Energy, Maejo University, Chiang Mai, 50290, Thailand; College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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2
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Shanmugapriya N, Balachandran V, Revathi B, Narayana B, Salian VV, Vanasundari K, Sivakumar C. Quantum chemical calculation, performance of selective antimicrobial activity using molecular docking analysis, RDG and experimental (FT-IR, FT-Raman) investigation of 4-[{2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-propan-2-yl) phenyl)-4, 5-dihydro- 1H- pyrazol-1-yl]-4-oxo-1, 3- thiazol-5(4H)-ylidene} methyl] benzonitrile. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07634. [PMID: 34381897 PMCID: PMC8339246 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The research received a great deal of worldwide attention due to the nature of interpretation before the experimental process. Based on the systematic process the structure of thiazole -pyrazole compound 4-[{2-[3-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(4-propan-2-yl) phenyl)-4, 5-dihydro- 1H- pyrazol-1-yl]-4-oxo-1, 3- thiazol-5(4H)-ylidene} methyl] benzonitrile [CPTBN] was investigated. In the first level, the spectral statistics on experimental FT-IR and FT- Raman was reported. At the next level, geometrical parameters was theoretically acquired from density functional theory (DFT) using B3LPY/6-31G and 6-311G basis set. The computed Wavenumber were collected and compared with the experimental data. The vibrational modes were interpreted in terms of potential energy distribution (PED) results. The FMO, MEP, and NBO analysis further validated the electrophilic and nucleophilic interaction in the molecular systems. Two grams-positive bacteria: staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and two gram-negative bacteria: Esherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa was performed for antibacterial activity. Two fungal strain Candida albicans and Aspergillus Niger was carried out against a ligand using anti-fungal activity. The molecular docking analysis explores the antimicrobial and selective potential inhibitory nature of the binding molecule. Besides, RDG and ELF analysis were also performed to show the nature of interactions between the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Shanmugapriya
- Centre for Research, Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Musiri, 621 211, India
| | - V. Balachandran
- Centre for Research, Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Musiri, 621 211, India
| | - B. Revathi
- Centre for Research, Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Musiri, 621 211, India
| | - B. Narayana
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574 199, India
| | - Vinutha V. Salian
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, 574 199, India
| | - K. Vanasundari
- Centre for Research, Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Musiri, 621 211, India
| | - C. Sivakumar
- Centre for Research, Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College (Affiliated to Bharathidasan University), Tiruchirappalli, Musiri, 621 211, India
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Kanagathara N, Usha R, Natarajan V, Marchewka M. Molecular geometry, vibrational, NBO, HOMO–LUMO, first order hyper polarizability and electrostatic potential studies on anilinium hydrogen oxalate hemihydrate – an organic crystalline salt. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2021.1891103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kanagathara
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Usha
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - V. Natarajan
- Department of Physics, Rajalakshmi Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M.K. Marchewka
- Institute of Low Temperature and Structure Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poland
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4
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Keshk RM, Garavelli M, El–Tahawy MM. Synthesis, physicochemical and vibrational spectral properties of 2–pyridone and 2–aminopyridine derivatives: An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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5
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Devi KS, Subramani P, Sundaraganesan N, Jeeva M, Pradeepa SJ, Karthikeyan B. Synthesis, spectra, electronic structure, molecular docking and cytotoxicity investigation on 2-(piperidin-1-ylmethyl)-isoindoline-1,3-dione – A Mannich base system. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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6
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González-Durruthy M, Concu R, Vendrame LFO, Zanella I, Ruso JM, Cordeiro MNDS. Targeting Beta-Blocker Drug-Drug Interactions with Fibrinogen Blood Plasma Protein: A Computational and Experimental Study. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25225425. [PMID: 33228181 PMCID: PMC7699576 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25225425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, one of the most prevalent polypharmacology drug–drug interaction events that occurs between two widely used beta-blocker drugs—i.e., acebutolol and propranolol—with the most abundant blood plasma fibrinogen protein was evaluated. Towards that end, molecular docking and Density Functional Theory (DFT) calculations were used as complementary tools. A fibrinogen crystallographic validation for the three best ranked binding-sites shows 100% of conformationally favored residues with total absence of restricted flexibility. From those three sites, results on both the binding-site druggability and ligand transport analysis-based free energy trajectories pointed out the most preferred biophysical environment site for drug–drug interactions. Furthermore, the total affinity for the stabilization of the drug–drug complexes was mostly influenced by steric energy contributions, based mainly on multiple hydrophobic contacts with critical residues (THR22: P and SER50: Q) in such best-ranked site. Additionally, the DFT calculations revealed that the beta-blocker drug–drug complexes have a spontaneous thermodynamic stabilization following the same affinity order obtained in the docking simulations, without covalent-bond formation between both interacting beta-blockers in the best-ranked site. Lastly, experimental ultrasound density and velocity measurements were performed and allowed us to validate and corroborate the computational obtained results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael González-Durruthy
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Soft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.G.-D.); (M.N.D.S.C.); Tel.: +351-220402502 (M.N.D.S.C.)
| | - Riccardo Concu
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Laura F. Osmari Vendrame
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience, Franciscana University (UFN), Santa Maria 97010-032, RS, Brazil; (L.F.O.V.); (I.Z.)
| | - Ivana Zanella
- Post-Graduate Program in Nanoscience, Franciscana University (UFN), Santa Maria 97010-032, RS, Brazil; (L.F.O.V.); (I.Z.)
| | - Juan M. Ruso
- Soft Matter and Molecular Biophysics Group, Department of Applied Physics, University of Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain;
| | - M. Natália D. S. Cordeiro
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal;
- Correspondence: (M.G.-D.); (M.N.D.S.C.); Tel.: +351-220402502 (M.N.D.S.C.)
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Aswaniya K, Raj MJ, Gowri S, Vinitha G. Growth, structural, hirshfeld surface analysis, DFT and Z-scan technique of hybrid single crystal of piperazinium perchlorate. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.128460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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8
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Yilmaz E. Theoretical and experimental studies of newly synthesized (Z)-4-(2-(3,5-dibromo-2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzylidene)hydrazinyl)benzonitrile compound. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.04.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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9
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Uludağ N, Serdaroğlu G, Yinanc A. A novel synthesis of octahydropyrido[3,2- ]carbazole framework of aspidospermidine alkaloids and a combined computational, FT-IR, NMR, NBO, NLO, FMO, MEP study of the cis-4a-Ethyl-1-(2hydroxyethyl)-2,3,4,4a,5,6,7,11c-octahydro-1H-pyrido[3,2-c]carbazole. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.02.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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An improved synthesis, spectroscopic (FT-IR, NMR) study and DFT computational analysis (IR, NMR, UV–Vis, MEP diagrams, NBO, NLO, FMO) of the 1,5-methanoazocino[4,3-b]indole core structure. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.11.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Yilmaz E. Investigation of spectral properties and synthesis characterization of (Z)-4-(2-(4-methoxy-2,3-dimethylbenzylidene)hydrazinyl)benzonitrile compound. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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12
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Tanak H, Pawlus K, Marchewka M. Molecular structure, vibrational spectra and DFT computational studies of melaminium N-acetylglycinate dihydrate. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Rajesh P, Gunasekaran S, Gnanasambandan T, Seshadri S. Experimental and theoretical study of ornidazole. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 153:496-504. [PMID: 26408856 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Revised: 08/08/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and the Fourier transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectra of the title molecule in solid phase were recorded in the region 4000-400 cm(-1) and 4000-100 cm(-1) respectively. The geometrical parameters and energies were investigated with the help of Density Functional Theory (DFT) employing B3LYP method and 6-31G (d, p) basis set. The analysis was supported by electrostatic potential maps and calculation of HOMO-LUMO. UV, FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of ornidazole were calculated and compared with experimental results. Thermodynamic properties like entropy, heat capacity, have been calculated for the molecule. The predicted first hyperpolarizability also shows that the molecule might have a reasonably good non-linear optical (NLO) behavior. The intramolecular contacts have been interpreted using natural bond orbital (NBO) and natural localized molecular orbital (NLMO) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Rajesh
- Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai 600030, India; Department of Physics, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education & Research, Faculty of Humanities and Science, Meenakshi University, Chennai-600078, India.
| | - S Gunasekaran
- Research & Development, St. Peter's University, Avadi, Chennai 600 054, India
| | - T Gnanasambandan
- Department of Physics, Pallavan College of Engineering, Kanchipuram 63150, India
| | - S Seshadri
- Department of Physics, L.N. Govt. Arts College, Ponneri 601204, India
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Veeraiah A. FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV/Vis spectra and fluorescence imaging studies on 2-(bromoacetyl)benzo(b)furan by ab initio DFT calculations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 147:212-224. [PMID: 25841153 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The vibrational and electronic properties of 2-(bromoacetyl)benzo(b)furan have been studied in the ground state using experimental techniques (FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV) and density functional theory (DFT) employing B3LYP exchange correlation with the 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The theoretically calculated optimized parameters, vibrational frequencies etc., were compared with the experimental values, which yield good agreement between the observed and calculated values. The complete assignments of fundamental modes were performed on the basis of the potential energy distribution (PED). UV-visible spectrum of the compound was recorded in the region 300-600 nm and compared with the theoretical spectrum obtained from SAC-CI calculations. A good agreement is observed between the experimental and theoretical spectra. Fluorescence microscopic imaging studies proved that the compound can be used as one of the potential light sources in the yellow region with suitable excitation. Further, the predicted electronic transitions between the MOs 47→64, 52→62, 56→65, 56→72, 56→77 of the compound show a strong line at 569.8 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Veeraiah
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Physics, D.N.R. College (A), Bhimavaram, W.G. Dt., A.P. 534 202, India.
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Raj RK, Gunasekaran S, Gnanasambandan T, Seshadri S. Combined spectroscopic and DFT studies on 6-bromo-4-chloro-3-formyl coumarin. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 139:505-514. [PMID: 25576949 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Revised: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra of 6-bromo-4-chloro-3-formyl coumarin (6B4C3FC) have been recorded in the region 4000-400 and 4000-100 cm(-1), respectively. The optimized geometry, frequency and intensity of the vibrational bands were obtained by the density functional theory (DFT) using 6-31G(d,p) basis set. The harmonic vibrational frequencies were scaled and compared with experimental values. The observed and the calculated frequencies were found to be in good agreement. The UV-Visible spectrum was also recorded and compared with the theoretical values. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occurs within molecule. The first order hyperpolarizability (β0) of 6B4C3FC is 21 times greater than that of urea. Stability of the molecule arising from hyperconjugative interactions, charge delocalization have been analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Information about the charge density distribution of the molecule and its chemical reactivity has been obtained by mapping molecular electrostatic potential surface. In addition, the non-linear optical properties were discussed from the dipole moment values and the excitation wavelength in the UV-Visible region.
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Affiliation(s)
- R K Raj
- Department of Physics, SCSVMV University, Enathur, Kanchipuram 631561, India; Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College for Men, Kanchipuram 631 503, India.
| | - S Gunasekaran
- Research & Development, St. Peter's University, Avadi, Chennai 600 054, India
| | - T Gnanasambandan
- Department of Physics, Pallavan College of Engineering, Kanchipuram 631 502, India
| | - S Seshadri
- Department of Physics, L.N. Govt. Arts College, Ponneri, India
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Elanthiraiyan M, Jayasudha B, Arivazhagan M. Molecular structure, vibrational spectroscopy, NBO and HOMO, LUMO studies of o-methoxybenzonitrile. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 134:543-552. [PMID: 25058575 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.04.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of o-methoxybenzonitrile (O-MBN) have been recorded in the region 4000-400 cm(-1) and 3500-50 cm(-1), respectively. The fundamental modes of vibrational frequencies of O-MBN are assigned. Theoretical information on the optimized geometry, harmonic vibrational frequencies, infrared and Raman intensities were obtained by means of ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) gradient calculations with complete relaxation in the potential energy surface using 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The vibrational frequencies which were determined experimentally from the spectral data are compared with those obtained theoretically from ab initio and DFT calculations. A close agreement was achieved between the observed and calculated frequencies by refinement of the scale factors. The infrared and Raman spectra were also predicted from the calculated intensities. Thermodynamic properties like entropy, heat capacity, zero point energy, have been calculated for the molecule. The predicted first hyperpolarizability also shows that the molecule might have a reasonably good non-linear optical (NLO) behavior. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap reveals that charge transfer occurs within the molecule. Stability of the molecule arising from hyper conjugative interactions, charge delocalization have been analyzed using natural bond orbitals (NBO) analysis. Unambiguous vibrational assignment of all the fundamentals was made using the total energy distribution (TED).
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Affiliation(s)
- M Elanthiraiyan
- P.G and Research Department of Physics, National College, Tiruchirappalli 620001, India
| | - B Jayasudha
- P.G and Research Department of Physics, H.H. The Rajah's College, Pudukkottai 622001, India
| | - M Arivazhagan
- Department of Physics, A.A. Govt. Arts College, Musiri 621211, India.
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18
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Selvarani C, Balachandran V, Vishwanathan K. Comparative thermodynamic properties, vibrational spectral studies, NBO and HOMO-LUMO analyses of 3-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine based on density functional theory. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 132:110-120. [PMID: 24858352 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Quantum mechanical calculations of energies, geometries and vibrational wave numbers of 3-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine have been performed by DFT level of theory using B3LYP/6-31+G(d) and B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) as basis sets. The optimized geometrical parameters obtained by B3LYP method show good agreement with experimental data. The difference between the observed and scaled wave number values of most of the fundamentals is very small. A detailed interpretation of the FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 3-chloro-2,4,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine and 4-bromo-2,3,5,6-tetrafluoropyridine were also reported. Molecular stability and bond strength were investigated by applying the natural bond orbital analysis (NBO). The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occurs in the molecules. Information about the size, shape, charge density distribution, and site of chemical reactivity of the molecules has been obtained by mapping electron density isosurface with electrostatic potential (ESP). Thermodynamic properties (heat capacity, entropy and enthalpy and Gibb's free energy) of the title compounds at different temperatures were calculated.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Selvarani
- Department of Physics, Karpagam University, Coimbatore 641021, India
| | - V Balachandran
- Centre for Research, Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Musiri 621211, India.
| | - K Vishwanathan
- Department of Physics, Karpagam University, Coimbatore 641021, India
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Prabhaharan M, Prabakaran AR, Gunasekaran S, Srinivasan S. Molecular structure and vibrational spectroscopic investigation of melamine using DFT theory calculations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 123:392-401. [PMID: 24412793 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The FT-Raman and FT-IR spectra for melamine have been recorded in the region 4000-100cm(-1) and 4000-400cm(-1), respectively compared with the harmonic vibrational frequencies calculated using density functional theory method (B3LYP) by employing 6-31G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis set with appropriate scaling factors. Optimized geometries of the molecule have been interpreted and compared with the reported experimental values. The experimental geometrical parameters prove satisfactory concurrence with the theoretical prediction from DFT. The scaled vibrational frequencies seem to coincide with the experimentally observed values with acceptable deviations. The theoretical spectrograms have been constructed and compared with the experimental FT-Raman and FT-IR spectra. The calculated Highest Occupied Molecular Orbital (HOMO) and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbital (LUMO) energies show that charge transfer occurs in the molecule. The first order hyperpolarizability βtotal of this molecular system and related properties (α, β, μ and Δα) are calculated using DFT/B3LYP/6-31G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis set based on the finite-field approach. Stability of the molecule arising from hyper conjugative interaction, charge delocalization has been analyzed using natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis. Thermodynamic properties like entropy, heat capacity and zero-point energy have been calculated for the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Prabhaharan
- Department of Physics, Aksheyaa College of Engineering, Puludivakkam, India; PG and Research Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, India
| | - A R Prabakaran
- PG and Research Department of Physics, Pachaiyappa's College, Chennai, India
| | - S Gunasekaran
- R & D Center, St. Peter's University, Chennai, India
| | - S Srinivasan
- PG and Research Department of Physics, Presidency College, Chennai, India.
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Kattan D, Alcolea Palafox M, Kumar S, Manimaran D, Joe H, Rastogi VK. FT-IR, FT-Raman spectra and other molecular properties of 2,4- dichlorobenzonitrile: a interpretation by a DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 123:89-97. [PMID: 24394525 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 2,4-dichlorobenzonitrile at room temperature have been recorded in the regions 200-3500cm(-)(1) and 0-3400cm(-)(1), respectively. The observed vibrational bands were analyzed and assigned to different normal modes of the molecule according to the Wilson's notation. Density functional calculations were performed to support our frequency assignments. Specific scale equations deduced from the benzene molecule were employed to improve the calculated values. For the majority of the normal modes, the deviations between the corresponding experimental and scaled theoretical wavenumbers are located in the expected range. A correct characterization of each normal mode is of vital importance in the assignment of the observed bands, and the same has been successfully done by the aid of Potential Energy Distributions (PEDs) calculated separately for each normal mode of 2,4-dichlorobenzonitrile. The molecular structure was optimized and several thermodynamic parameters were determined. HOMO and LUMO orbital energy analysis were carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Kattan
- Departamento de Química-Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - M Alcolea Palafox
- Departamento de Química-Física I, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Madrid 28040, Spain.
| | - S Kumar
- Aryan Institute of Technology, 13th km Stone, NH 24, Jindal Nagar, Ghaziabad 201 002, India
| | - D Manimaran
- Centre for Molecular and Biophysics Research, Department of Physics, Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram 629 015, Kerala, India
| | - Hubert Joe
- Centre for Molecular and Biophysics Research, Department of Physics, Mar Ivanios College, Thiruvananthapuram 629 015, Kerala, India
| | - V K Rastogi
- R.D. Foundation Engineering College, NH-58, Kadrabad, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, India
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Gnanasambandan T, Gunasekaran S, Seshadri S. FT-IR, FT-Raman, UV–Vis spectral and normal coordinate analysis of chlorzoxazone. J Mol Struct 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.12.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rocha IM, Galvão TLP, Ribeiro da Silva MDMC, Ribeiro da Silva MAV. Thermodynamic Study of Chlorobenzonitrile Isomers: A Survey on the Polymorphism, Pseudosymmetry, and the Chloro···Cyano Interaction. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:1502-10. [DOI: 10.1021/jp410187q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inês M. Rocha
- Centro de Investigação
em Química, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Tiago L. P. Galvão
- Centro de Investigação
em Química, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria D. M. C. Ribeiro da Silva
- Centro de Investigação
em Química, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Manuel A. V. Ribeiro da Silva
- Centro de Investigação
em Química, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty
of Science, University of Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 687, P-4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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Agarwal P, Bee S, Gupta A, Tandon P, Rastogi VK, Mishra S, Rawat P. Quantum chemical study on influence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding on the geometry, the atomic charges and the vibrational dynamics of 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 121:464-482. [PMID: 24287056 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.10.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/31/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
FT-IR (4000-400 cm(-1)) and FT-Raman (4000-200 cm(-1)) spectral measurements on solid 2,6-dichlorobenzonitrile (2,6-DCBN) have been done. The molecular geometry, harmonic vibrational frequencies and bonding features in the ground state have been calculated by density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311++G (d,p) level. A comparison between the calculated and the experimental results covering the molecular structure has been made. The assignments of the fundamental vibrational modes have been done on the basis of the potential energy distribution (PED). To investigate the influence of intermolecular hydrogen bonding on the geometry, the charge distribution and the vibrational spectrum of 2,6-DCBN; calculations have been done for the monomer as well as the tetramer. The intermolecular interaction energies corrected for basis set superposition error (BSSE) have been calculated using counterpoise method. Based on these results, the correlations between the vibrational modes and the structure of the tetramer have been discussed. Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) contour map has been plotted in order to predict how different geometries could interact. The Natural Bond Orbital (NBO) analysis has been done for the chemical interpretation of hyperconjugative interactions and electron density transfer between occupied (bonding or lone pair) orbitals to unoccupied (antibonding or Rydberg) orbitals. UV spectrum was measured in methanol solution. The energies and oscillator strengths were calculated by Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) and matched to the experimental findings. TD-DFT method has also been used for theoretically studying the hydrogen bonding dynamics by monitoring the spectral shifts of some characteristic vibrational modes involved in the formation of hydrogen bonds in the ground and the first excited state. The (13)C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) chemical shifts of the molecule were calculated by the Gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) method and compared with experimental results. Standard thermodynamic functions have been obtained and changes in thermodynamic properties on going from monomer to tetramer have been presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parag Agarwal
- Department of Physics, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India
| | - Saba Bee
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India
| | - Archana Gupta
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, M.J.P. Rohilkhand University, Bareilly, India.
| | - Poonam Tandon
- Department of Physics, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India
| | - V K Rastogi
- Aryan Institute of Technology, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Soni Mishra
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| | - Poonam Rawat
- Department of Chemistry, Lucknow University, Lucknow, India
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Arjunan V, Devi L, Remya P, Mohan S. A new look into conformational, vibrational and electronic structure analysis of 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 113:302-313. [PMID: 23743036 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.04.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/24/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The FTIR and FT-Raman spectra of 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile (34DMBN) have been analysed. Quantum chemical studies were performed with B3LYP method using 6-311++G(d,p), 6-31G(d,p) and cc-pVTZ basis sets. The electron donating effect of -OCH3 and electron withdrawing effect of -C≡N groups on the ring parameters were thoroughly analysed. The structural parameters, energies, thermodynamic properties, vibrational frequencies and the NBO charges of 34DMBN were determined. The (1)H and (13)C chemical shifts with respect to TMS were investigated and also calculated theoretically using the gauge independent atomic orbital method and compared with the experimental data. The delocalisation energy of different types of bonding interactions was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Arjunan
- Department of Chemistry, Kanchi Mamunivar Centre for Post-Graduate Studies, Puducherry 605 008, India.
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Sun Y, Yu C, Liu Z, Huang C, Hao Q, Xu L. Synthesis, structure, photo-responsive properties of 4-(2-fluorobenzylideneamino)antipyrine: a combined experimental and theoretical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2012; 97:1013-1022. [PMID: 22925977 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2012.07.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2012] [Revised: 07/05/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this work, 4-(2-fluorobenzylideneamino)antipyrine (FBIAAP) was synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, XRD, FT-IR, FT-Raman and UV-Vis techniques as well as density functional calculations. The studied molecule adopts a trans configuration about the imine CN bond, and adjacent molecules are linked through two kinds of weak hydrogen bonds to form supramolecular layered structures along the ab plane. Vibrational spectral analyses show that the benzene moiety directly attached to the central pyrazoline shows good vibrational isolation from the other moiety of pyrazole-imino-benzene presenting good vibrational resonances. UV-vis absorption bands mainly belong to n→π and π→π according to the electron transfer orbital assignments for the electron absorption spectrum of FBIAAP. The first-order hyperpolarizability of FBIAAP is 44.9 times that of urea theoretically. In addition, the thermodynamic properties were also obtained theoretically from the harmonic frequencies of the optimized structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Sun
- Center of New Energy & Materials, Mianyang Normal University, Mianyang 621000, PR China.
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Jeyavijayan S, Arivazhagan M. FTIR and FT-Raman spectra, molecular geometry, vibrational assignments, first-order hyperpolarizability, ab initio and DFT calculations for 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 81:466-474. [PMID: 21752703 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.06.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Quantum chemical calculations of energies, geometrical structure and vibrational wave numbers of 3,4-dimethoxybenzonitrile (DMBN) were carried out by the ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT) with complete relaxation in the potential energy surface using 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The computed values of frequencies are scaled using a suitable scale factor to yield good coherence with the observed values. Making use of the recorded data, the complete vibrational assignments are made and analysis of the observed fundamental bands of molecule is carried out. The geometries and normal modes of vibrations obtained from ab initio HF and B3LYP calculations are in good agreement with the experimentally observed data. The electric dipole moment (μ) and the first hyperpolarizability (β) values of the investigated molecule have been computed using ab initio quantum mechanical calculations. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occur within the molecule. The theoretical FTIR and FT-Raman spectra for the title molecule have been constructed.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Jeyavijayan
- Department of Physics, J.J. College of Engineering and Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620009, India
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27
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Arunagiri C, Arivazhagan M, Subashini A. Vibrational spectroscopic (FT-IR and FT-Raman), first-order hyperpolarizablity, HOMO, LUMO, NBO, Mulliken charges and structure determination of 2-bromo-4-chlorotoluene. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2011; 79:1747-1756. [PMID: 21680229 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2011.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 05/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 2-bromo-4-chlorotoluene (2B4CT) molecule have been recorded in the region 4000-400 cm(-1) and 3500-50 cm(-1), respectively. Optimized geometrical structures, harmonic vibrational frequencies, intensities, reduced mass, force constants and depolarization ratio have been computed by the B3 based (B3LYP) density functional methods using 6-31+G(d,p) and 6-311++G(d,p) basis sets. The observed FT-IR and FT-Raman vibrational frequencies are analysed and compared with theoretically predicted vibrational frequencies. The geometries and normal modes of vibration obtained from DFT method are in good agreement with the experimental data. The Mulliken charges, the natural bonding orbital (NBO) analysis, the values of electric dipole moment (μ) and the first-order hyperpolarizability (β) of the investigated molecule were computed using DFT calculations. The calculated HOMO and LUMO energies show that charge transfer occurs within molecule. The influences of bromine atom, chlorine atom and methyl group on the geometry of benzene and its normal modes of vibrations have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Arunagiri
- Department of Physics, Govt. Arts College, Ariyalur 621713 (TN), India
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