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Zeng Q, Cheng Z, Li L, Yang Y, Peng Y, Zhou X, Zhang D, Hu X, Liu C, Chen X. Quantitative analysis of the quality constituents of Lonicera japonica Thunberg based on Raman spectroscopy. Food Chem 2024; 443:138513. [PMID: 38277933 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of the quality constituents of Lonicera japonica (Jinyinhua [JYH]) using a feasible method provides important information on its evaluation and applications. Limitations of sample pretreatment, experimental site, and analysis time should be considered when identifying new methods. In response to these considerations, Raman spectroscopy combined with deep learning was used to establish a quantitative analysis model to determine the quality of JYH. Chlorogenic acid and total flavonoids were identified as analysis targets via network pharmacology. High performance liquid chromatograph and ultraviolet spectroscopy were used to construct standard curves for quantitative analysis. Raman spectra of JYH extracts (1200) were collected. Subsequently, models were built using partial least squares regression, Support Vector Machine, Back Propagation Neural Network, and One-dimensional Convolutional Neural Network (1D-CNN). Among these, the 1D-CNN model showed superior prediction capability and had higher accuracy (R2 = 0.971), and lower root mean square error, indicating its suitability for rapid quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zeng
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510555, China
| | - Zhaoyang Cheng
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Li Li
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Yuhang Yang
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Yangyao Peng
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Xianzhen Zhou
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China
| | - Dongjie Zhang
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510555, China
| | - Xiaojia Hu
- Shanghai Nature's Sunshine Health Products Co. Ltd, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chunyu Liu
- Zests Biotechnology Co. Ltd, Suzhou City 215143, China
| | - Xueli Chen
- Center for Biomedical-photonics and Molecular Imaging, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Intelligent Sensing and Regulation of trans-Scale Life Information, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710126, China; Innovation Center for Advanced Medical Imaging and Intelligent Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510555, China.
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Li M, Zhang L, Jiang LL, Zhao ZB, Long YH, Chen DM, Bin J, Kang C, Liu YJ. Label-free Raman microspectroscopic imaging with chemometrics for cellular investigation of apple ring rot and nondestructive early recognition using near-infrared reflection spectroscopy with machine learning. Talanta 2024; 267:125212. [PMID: 37741265 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/25/2023]
Abstract
Apple ring rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea can cause fruit decay during the growth and storage stages of apple fruit. Understanding the infection process and cellular defense response at the cellular micro-level holds immense importance in the field of prevention and control. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop suitable chemical imaging analysis methods. Here we proposed a label-free, high-throughput imaging method for cellular investigation of apple fruit ring rot infected by Botryosphaeria dothidea, based on confocal Raman microspectroscopic imaging technology combined with multivariate curve resolution-alternating least squares algorithm (MCR-ALS). We conducted Raman measurements on every apple fruit and obtain an image cube. This cube was then unfolded into an augmented matrix in a column-wise manner. We proceeded with simultaneous MCR-ALS analysis, resolving the single-substance spectrum and concentration profile from the mixed signals. Lastly, the accurate and pure molecular imaging of low methoxyl pectin, high methoxyl pectin, cellulose, lignin, and phenols were realized by refolding the resolved concentration data to construct the composition image. Thereafter, we realized the study of the spatial-temporal changes distribution of the above substances in the cuticle and cell wall of green and red apples at different stages of infection. The imaging method proposed in this paper is expected to provide a chemical imaging strategy for studying pathogen infection process and fruit defense response at the cellular level. In addition, by utilizing a fiber-optic probe near-infrared reflection spectrometer in conjunction with machine learning, we developed a rapid and non-destructive classification method. This method allows for the timely identification of apples exhibiting early infection by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Notably, both principal component analysis-quadratic discriminant analysis and support vector machine achieved a classification accuracy of 100%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ling-Li Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhi-Bo Zhao
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - You-Hua Long
- Engineering and Technology Research Center of Kiwifruit, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Dong-Mei Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jun Bin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Chao Kang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
| | - Ya-Juan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, the NMPA & State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China.
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3
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Georgiou N, Kakava MG, Routsi EA, Petsas E, Stavridis N, Freris C, Zoupanou N, Moschovou K, Kiriakidi S, Mavromoustakos T. Quercetin: A Potential Polydynamic Drug. Molecules 2023; 28:8141. [PMID: 38138630 PMCID: PMC10745404 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28248141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of natural products as potential drug leads has gained tremendous research interest. Quercetin is one of those natural products. It belongs to the family of flavonoids and, more specifically, flavonols. This review summarizes the beneficial pharmaceutical effects of quercetin, such as its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties, which are some of the quercetin effects described in this review. Nevertheless, quercetin shows poor bioavailability and low solubility. For this reason, its encapsulation in macromolecules increases its bioavailability and therefore pharmaceutical efficiency. In this review, a brief description of the different forms of encapsulation of quercetin are described, and new ones are proposed. The beneficial effects of applying new pharmaceutical forms of nanotechnology are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikitas Georgiou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Margarita Georgia Kakava
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece;
| | - Efthymios Alexandros Routsi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Design and Discovery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Errikos Petsas
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Nikolaos Stavridis
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Christoforos Freris
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece;
| | - Nikoletta Zoupanou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Kalliopi Moschovou
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
| | - Sofia Kiriakidi
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
- Departamento de Quimica Orgánica, Facultade de Quimica, Universidade de Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Thomas Mavromoustakos
- Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (N.G.); (E.A.R.); (E.P.); (N.S.); (N.Z.); (K.M.); (S.K.)
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Tobar-Delgado E, Mejía-España D, Osorio-Mora O, Serna-Cock L. Rutin: Family Farming Products' Extraction Sources, Industrial Applications and Current Trends in Biological Activity Protection. Molecules 2023; 28:5864. [PMID: 37570834 PMCID: PMC10421072 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the bioactivity of rutin, a dietary flavonol naturally found in several plant species. Despite widespread knowledge of its numerous health benefits, such as anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, hepatoprotective and cardiovascular effects, industrial use of rutin is still limited due to its low solubility in aqueous media, the characteristic bitter and astringent taste of phenolic compounds and its susceptibility to degradation during processing. To expand its applications and preserve its biological activity, novel encapsulation systems have been developed. This review presents updated research on the extraction sources and methodologies of rutin from fruit and vegetable products commonly found in a regular diet and grown using family farming approaches. Additionally, this review covers quantitative analysis techniques, encapsulation methods utilizing nanoparticles, colloidal and heterodisperse systems, as well as industrial applications of rutin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Tobar-Delgado
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera. 32 Chapinero, Palmira 763533, Colombia
| | - Diego Mejía-España
- Grupo de Investigación GAIDA, Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Pasto 522020, Colombia
| | - Oswaldo Osorio-Mora
- Grupo de Investigación GAIDA, Departamento de Procesos Industriales, Facultad de Ingeniería Agroindustrial, Pasto 522020, Colombia
| | - Liliana Serna-Cock
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Administración, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Carrera. 32 Chapinero, Palmira 763533, Colombia
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Rosiak N, Cielecka-Piontek J, Skibiński R, Lewandowska K, Bednarski W, Zalewski P. Do Rutin and Quercetin Retain Their Structure and Radical Scavenging Activity after Exposure to Radiation? Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062713. [PMID: 36985686 PMCID: PMC10053567 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The influence of ionizing radiation on the physicochemical properties of quercetin and rutin in the solid state was studied. Quercetin and rutin were irradiated with the standard recommended radiation dose (25 kGy) according to EN 522 standard. The samples were irradiated by electron beam radiation. EPR studies indicate the formation of a small number of free radicals due to irradiation. Moreover, some radicals recombined with the mean lifetime of 1200 and 93 h, and a stable radical concentration reached only 0.29 and 0.90 ppm for quercetin and rutin, respectively. The performed spectroscopic study (FT-IR) confirmed the radiostability of the flavonoids tested. Chromatographic tests (HPLC, HPLC-MS) showed that irradiation of quercetin and rutin with a 25 kGy dose did not change the physicochemical properties of the tested compounds. Degradation products were not observed. The antioxidant activities were determined by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-pycrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity assay, ABTS Radical Scavenging Assay (ABTS), Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power Assay (FRAP), Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity Assay (CUPRAC). The conducted research confirmed that exposure to ionizing radiation does not change the chemical structure of tested flavonoids and their antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Rosiak
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Robert Skibiński
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Kornelia Lewandowska
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Waldemar Bednarski
- Institute of Molecular Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Smoluchowskiego 17, 60-179 Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Zalewski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-(61)-854-67-10
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Zhu J, Li Z, Wu C, Fan G, Li T, Shen D, Dou J, Liang Y. Insight into the self-assembly behavior of α-zein by multi-spectroscopic and molecular simulations: An example of combination with the main component of jujube peel pigments – Rutin. Food Chem 2023; 404:134684. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.134684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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7
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FT-IR and FT-Raman fingerprints of flavonoids - A review. Food Chem 2022; 393:133430. [PMID: 35696953 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids are secondary metabolites commonly found in plants. They are known for their antioxidant properties, are part of the defense mechanisms of plants and are responsible for the pigmentation of fruit and flowers petals. Consumption foods rich in flavonoids in the daily diet brings a number of pro-health benefits - for example blood pressure regulation, delaying the aging process or anti-cancer effect. These compounds in synthetic or natural form are also used in pharmacy. The profile of flavonoid compounds can be quickly, accurately and easy determine in the test sample by using the infrared and Raman spectroscopy. Those methods are successfully used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. Spectroscopy methods allow us to determine the chemical structure of these compounds. This review describes and compares differences between the spectroscopic spectra of individual compounds with the chemical structure for the flavonoids subgroups: flavones, isoflavones, flavanones, flavonols and anthocyanins.
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Reynoud N, Geneix N, Petit J, D’Orlando A, Fanuel M, Marion D, Rothan C, Lahaye M, Bakan B. The cutin polymer matrix undergoes a fine architectural tuning from early tomato fruit development to ripening. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:1821-1840. [PMID: 36018278 PMCID: PMC9614491 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cuticle is a complex polymer matrix that protects all aerial organs of plants, fulfills multiple roles in plant-environment interactions, and is critical for plant development. These functions are associated with the structural features of cuticles, and the architectural modeling of cuticles during plant development is crucial for understanding their physical properties and biological functions. In this work, the in-depth architecture of the cutin polymer matrix during fruit development was investigated. Using cherry tomato fruit (Solanum lycopersicum) as a model from the beginning of the cell expansion phase to the red ripe stage, we designed an experimental scheme combining sample pretreatment, Raman mapping, multivariate data analyses, and biochemical analyses. These approaches revealed clear chemical areas with different contributions of cutin, polysaccharides, and phenolics within the cutin polymer matrix. Besides, we demonstrated that these areas are finely tuned during fruit development, including compositional and macromolecular rearrangements. The specific spatiotemporal accumulation of phenolic compounds (p-coumaric acid and flavonoids) suggests that they fulfill distinct functions during fruit development. In addition, we highlighted an unexpected dynamic remodeling of the cutin-embedded polysaccharides pectin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Such structural tuning enables consistent adaption of the cutin-polysaccharide continuum and the functional performance of the fruit cuticle at the different developmental stages. This study provides insights into the plant cuticle architecture and in particular into the organization of the epidermal cell wall-cuticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Reynoud
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
| | - Nathalie Geneix
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
| | - Johann Petit
- INRAE, Univ. Bordeaux, UMR BFP, F-33140, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Angelina D’Orlando
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
- INRAE PROBE research infrastructure, BIBS Facility, F- 44300, Nantes, France
| | - Mathieu Fanuel
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
- INRAE PROBE research infrastructure, BIBS Facility, F- 44300, Nantes, France
| | - Didier Marion
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
| | | | - Marc Lahaye
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
| | - Bénédicte Bakan
- INRAE, Unité Biopolymères, Interactions, Assemblages, BP71627 44316, Nantes Cedex3, France
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9
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Prodromidis P, Mourtzinos I, Biliaderis CG, Moschakis T. Stability of natural food colorants derived from onion leaf wastes. Food Chem 2022; 386:132750. [PMID: 35367800 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Plant anthocyanins have widely been employed as natural food colorants. However, their instability restricts many of their applications in food industry. In this study, anthocyanins were extracted from onion outer scales, using aqueous solutions with or without added cyclodextrins (CDs). The results indicated that when cyclodextrins were included in the extraction medium, the anthocyanins were stable or even had improved and augmented color intensity upon storage or following thermal and UV-light treatments over a broad pH range (2.0-7.0). FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopy measurements confirmed the formation of inclusion complexes between CDs and anthocyanins and the presence of pyranosyl groups (pyranoanthocyanins) upon heating. Overall, the stability of onion anthocyanins under various environmental stresses, often encountered during food processing and storage, indicates that the natural color extract from onion outer scales can be of value as an interesting colorant alternative for food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prodromos Prodromidis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas G Biliaderis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Thomas Moschakis
- Department of Food Science and Technology, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Hssaini L, Razouk R, Bouslihim Y. Rapid Prediction of Fig Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined With Partial Least Square Regression. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:782159. [PMID: 35360338 PMCID: PMC8963529 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.782159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mid-infrared spectroscopy using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) correction was coupled with partial least square regression (PLSR) for the prediction of phenolic acids and flavonoids in fig (peel and pulp) identified with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (HPLC-DAD), with regards to their partitioning between peel and pulp. HPLC-DAD was used to quantify the phenolic compounds (PCs). The FTIR spectra were collected between 4,000 and 450 cm-1 and the data in the wavenumber range of 1.175-940 cm-1, where the deformations of O-H, C-O, C-H, and C=C corresponded to flavanol and phenols, were used for the establishment of PLSR models. Nine PLSR models were constructed for peel samples, while six were built for pulp extracts. The results showed a high-throughput accuracy of such an approach to predict the PCs in the powder samples. Significant differences were detected between the models built for the two fruit parts. Thus, for both peel and pulp extracts, the coefficient of determination (R2) ranged from 0.92 to 0.99 and between 0.85 and 0.95 for calibration and cross-validation, respectively, along with a root mean square error (RMSE) values in the range of 0.46-0.9 and 0.23-2.05, respectively. Residual predictive deviation (RPD) values were generally satisfactory, where cyanidin-3,5-diglucoside and cyanidin-3-O-rutinoside had the higher level (RPD > 2.5). Similar differences were observed based on the distribution revealed by partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), which showed a remarkable overlapping in the distribution of the samples, which was intense in the pulp extracts. This study suggests the use of FTIR-ATR as a rapid and accurate method for PCs assessment in fresh fig.
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Biosynthesis of Rutin Trihydrate Loaded Silica Nanoparticles and Investigation of Its Antioxidant, Antidiabetic and Cytotoxic Potentials. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Bock P, Felhofer M, Mayer K, Gierlinger N. A Guide to Elucidate the Hidden Multicomponent Layered Structure of Plant Cuticles by Raman Imaging. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:793330. [PMID: 34975980 PMCID: PMC8718554 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.793330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The cuticle covers almost all plant organs as the outermost layer and serves as a transpiration barrier, sunscreen, and first line of defense against pathogens. Waxes, fatty acids, and aromatic components build chemically and structurally diverse layers with different functionality. So far, electron microscopy has elucidated structure, while isolation, extraction, and analysis procedures have revealed chemistry. With this method paper, we close the missing link by demonstrating how Raman microscopy gives detailed information about chemistry and structure of the native cuticle on the microscale. We introduce an optimized experimental workflow, covering the whole process of sample preparation, Raman imaging experiment, data analysis, and interpretation and show the versatility of the approach on cuticles of a spruce needle, a tomato peel, and an Arabidopsis stem. We include laser polarization experiments to deduce the orientation of molecules and multivariate data analysis to separate cuticle layers and verify their molecular composition. Based on the three investigated cuticles, we discuss the chemical and structural diversity and validate our findings by comparing models based on our spectroscopic data with the current view of the cuticle. We amend the model by adding the distribution of cinnamic acids and flavonoids within the cuticle layers and their transition to the epidermal layer. Raman imaging proves as a non-destructive and fast approach to assess the chemical and structural variability in space and time. It might become a valuable tool to tackle knowledge gaps in plant cuticle research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Notburga Gierlinger
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute of Biophysics, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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13
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Binu NM, Prema D, Prakash J, Balagangadharan K, Balashanmugam P, Selvamurugan N, Venkatasubbu GD. Folic acid decorated pH sensitive polydopamine coated honeycomb structured nickel oxide nanoparticles for targeted delivery of quercetin to triple negative breast cancer cells. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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14
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Inhibitory effects of Morus nigra L. (Moraceae) against local paw edema and mechanical hypernociception induced by Bothrops jararacussu snake venom in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 111:1046-1056. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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15
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Gao MR, Xu QD, He Q, Sun Q, Zeng WC. A theoretical and experimental study: the influence of different standards on the determination of total phenol content in the Folin–Ciocalteu assay. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-019-00050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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16
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Xu QJ, Zuo CS, Liu DY, Shi WZ. Studies on the Structure and Catalytic Properties for Heck Reaction of Troxerutin Supported Palladium Catalyst. THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0040579518060155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Dzul-Erosa MS, Cauich-Díaz MM, Razo-Lazcano TA, Avila-Rodriguez M, Reyes-Aguilera JA, González-Muñoz M. Aqueous leaf extracts of Cnidoscolus chayamansa (Mayan chaya) cultivated in Yucatán México. Part II: Uses for the phytomediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 91:838-852. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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18
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Gullón B, Lú-Chau TA, Moreira MT, Lema JM, Eibes G. Rutin: A review on extraction, identification and purification methods, biological activities and approaches to enhance its bioavailability. Trends Food Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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19
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Biler M, Biedermann D, Valentová K, Křen V, Kubala M. Quercetin and its analogues: optical and acido–basic properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:26870-26879. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03845c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This study is focused on eight structurally analogous natural flavonoids that exhibit a wide range of biological activities, which are of interest in pharmacy, cosmetics and the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Biler
- Department of Biophysics
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research
- Palacký University
- Olomouc
- Czech Republic
| | - David Biedermann
- Institute of Microbiology
- Laboratory of Biotransformation
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Valentová
- Institute of Microbiology
- Laboratory of Biotransformation
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Vladimír Křen
- Institute of Microbiology
- Laboratory of Biotransformation
- Czech Academy of Sciences
- Prague
- Czech Republic
| | - Martin Kubala
- Department of Biophysics
- Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research
- Palacký University
- Olomouc
- Czech Republic
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20
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Živanović SC, Nikolić RS, Nikolić GM. The Influence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) Ions on Rutin Autoxidation in Weakly Alkaline Aqueous Solutions. ACTA FACULTATIS MEDICAE NAISSENSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/afmnai-2016-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Summary
Rutin (quercetin-3-O-rutinoside) is one of the most abundant bioflavonoids with various biological and pharmacological activities. Considering the ubiquitous presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions in biological systems we decided to investigate their influence on the autoxidation of rutin in weakly alkaline aqueous solutions. Changes in UV-Vis spectra recorded during the rutin autoxidation in aqueous solution at pH 8.4 revealed that this process was very slow in the absence of metal ions. The presence of Mg(II) and, especially Ca(II) ion, increased the transformation rate of rutin. UV-Vis spectra recorded after prolonged autoxidation indicated the formation of humic acidlike products in the presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions. Four new compounds formed during the initial stage of rutin autoxidation in the presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions were detected by HPLCDAD. Based on the analysis of their DAD UV-Vis spectra and comparison of their retention times with the retention time value for rutin, we concluded that the initial rutin transformation products were formed by the water addition on double bond in ring C and hydroxylation of ring B. A very small decrease of the initial rutin concentration (4%) was observed by HPLC-DAD in the absence of metal ions for the period of 90 minutes. However, rutin concentration decrease was much larger in the presence of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions (14% and 24%, respectively). The more pronounced effect of Ca(II) ion on the rutin autoxidation may be explained by the stronger binding of Mg(II) ion to rutin and thus greater stabilizing effect on reaction intermediates caused by its higher ionic potential (charge/ionic radius ratio) in comparison to Ca(II) ion. The results of this study may contribute to the better understanding of interactions of Mg(II) and Ca(II) ions with natural phenolic antioxidants which are important for their various biological activities.
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