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Singh DK, Ganesan V, Yadav DK, Yadav M. Metal (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn) Phthalocyanine-Immobilized Mesoporous Carbon Nitride Materials as Durable Electrode Modifiers for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:12202-12212. [PMID: 32970946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c01822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the search for alternative sources to replace fossil fuels, carbon nitride materials can be used in a variety of ways. In the present work, porosity is introduced to the carbon nitride material using mesoporous silica material, MCM-41, as a hard template, and a mesoporous carbon nitride (MCN) material is synthesized. Further, the MCN is modified by immobilizing metal phthalocyanine (MPc, where M = Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn). The resulting MPc-incorporated MCN materials (MPc@MCN) were tested for the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in acidic and basic media. Detailed studies reveal that the FePc@MCN and CoPc@MCN materials exhibit higher ORR activity than the other composites in 0.1 M KOH. FePc@MCN follows a direct four-electron oxygen reduction mechanism and shows ORR onset potential (vs RHE) at 0.93 V (in 0.1 M KOH), which is very close to the onset potential exhibited by the state-of-the-art material, Pt-C (1.0 V), and higher than several similar composites of MPc with carbon supports tested in similar environments. Besides, due to the inherent property of coordination through nitrogen present on the MCN, FePc@MCN shows excellent stability even after 3000 cyclic voltammetry (CV) cycles. FePc@MCN was found to have a better methanol tolerance in comparison to Pt-C in basic medium. CoPc@MCN shows a highly selective two-electron reduction reaction in both acidic and basic media at lower overpotential than many of the reported catalysts for the two-electron oxygen reduction. Therefore, these materials (FePc@MCN and CoPc@MCN) can be used as suitable alternatives to replace Pt and other expensive materials in ORR and related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devesh Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005 UP, India
| | - Vellaichamy Ganesan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005 UP, India
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005 UP, India
| | - Mamta Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005 UP, India
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El- Mallah H, Abd- El Salam M, ELesh E, El- Damhogi D. Thermal annealing effect on the structural and optical characteristics of silicon phthalocyanine dichloride thin films. OPTIK 2020; 200:163459. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijleo.2019.163459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Al-Muntaser AA, El-Nahass MM, Oraby AH, Meikhail MS. Influence of gamma irradiation on linear and nonlinear optical properties of nanocrystalline manganese(III) chloride tetraphenylporphine thin films. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 220:117112. [PMID: 31141768 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
90 nm thickness of MnTPPCl thin films were deposited by thermal evaporation technique on glass and quartz substrates under vacuum. The examined thin films were irradiated by 60Co γ-rays with 150 kGy. XRD and FTIR techniques are used to comprehend the structure of MnTPPCl thin films. The results confirmed that the structure of pristine thin films is nanocrystallites dispersed in the amorphous matrix and the irradiated films have an amorphous structure. Refractive index, oscillator's parameters (dispersion energy, Ed, oscillator energy, Eo), the absorption coefficient, optical energy gap, and Urbach energy were estimated before and after exposure to γ-irradiation by using spectrophotometric measurements. All mentioned parameters were influenced by the γ-irradiation process. The type of electronic transition was classified as a direct allowed transition. The gamma irradiation process was caused an increase in the fundamental band gap energy from 2.48 to 2.52 eV (blue shift) which is good for solar cells window. Third-order nonlinear optical susceptibility χ(3) and the nonlinear refractive index n2 of MnTPPCl thin films were studied before and after γ-irradiation. An increase in χ(3) and n2 with γ-irradiation is observed, so it is recommended to be used as optical switching applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A A Al-Muntaser
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Physics, Faculty of Education-Arhab, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
| | - M M El-Nahass
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11757, Egypt
| | - A H Oraby
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - M S Meikhail
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Mansoura, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
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Shehata MM, Adam MSS, Abdelhady K, Makhlouf MM. Facile synthesis, characterizations, and impedance spectroscopic features of Zn(II)-bis Schiff base complex films towards photoelectronic applications. J Solid State Electrochem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-019-04329-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Alotaibi SH, Radwan AS, Abdel-Monem YK, Makhlouf MM. Synthesis, thermal behavior and optical characterizations of thin films of a novel thiazole azo dye and its copper complexes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 205:364-375. [PMID: 30036804 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 07/13/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the present paper, a novel dye of 4-methyl-5-(4-acetylphenyldiazenyl)thiazol-2-amine (L) and its corresponding copper complexes are synthesized and characterized using different techniques including elemental analysis, thermal analysis, 1H NMR, Mass, and FT-IR spectra. The thermal behavior of L and its complexes is carried out and discussed using thermogravimetric analysis, and it observed that the type of copper substituent affects the thermal decomposition of complexes. Homogenous thin films of L and its complexes are successfully grown onto quartz substrates using spin coating technique. Optical features and spectral phenomena of the thin films are studied using spectrophotometric measurements of absorbance, transmittance and reflectance. The optical constants such as refractive index, extinction coefficient, optical conductivity and energy loss functions of the thin films of L and its complexes are calculated. The refractive index curves for all films show a normal dispersion behavior in the non-absorbing region of spectra, from which the dispersion parameters can be calculated using Wemple-DiDomenico model. The type of optical transition bands shows indirect allowed. The values of the optical energy gap are calculated in the range from 2.13 to 2.33 eV, depending on the nature of Cu(II) substituent. Indeed, the present results show that the complexes as organic semiconductors acquired good characterizations better than metal free ligand (L) such as more thermal stability, reducing in the optical band gap and increasing in the absorption coefficient that refers to light harvesting capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Alotaibi
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Taif University, 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - A S Radwan
- Department of Chemistry, Turabah University College, Taif University, 21995, Saudi Arabia
| | - Y K Abdel-Monem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - M M Makhlouf
- Department of Physics, Turabah University College, Taif University, 21995, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, Damietta Cancer Institute, Damietta, Egypt.
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Abdel-Khalek H, El-Samahi MI, El-Mahalawy AM. Plasma impact on structural, morphological and optical properties of copper acetylacetonate thin films. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 199:356-366. [PMID: 29635180 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The influence of plasma exposure on structural, morphological and optical properties of copper (II) acetylacetonate thin films deposited by thermal evaporation technique was investigated. Copper (II) acetylacetonate as-grown thin films were exposed to the atmospheric plasma for different times. The exposure of as-grown cu(acac)2 thin film to atmospheric plasma for 5min modified its structural, morphological and optical properties. The effect of plasma exposure on structure and roughness of cu(acac)2 thin films was evaluated by XRD and AFM techniques, respectively. The XRD results showed an increment in crystallinity due to exposure for 5min, but, when the exposure time reaches 10min, the film was transformed to an amorphous state. The AFM results revealed a strong modification of films roughness when the average roughness decreased from 63.35nm to ~1nm as a result of interaction with plasma. The optical properties of as-grown and plasma exposured cu(acac)2 thin films were studied using spectrophotometric method. The exposure of cu(acac)2 thin films to plasma produced the indirect energy gap decrease from 3.20eV to 2.67eV for 10min exposure time. The dispersion parameters were evaluated in terms of single oscillator model for as-grown and plasma exposured thin films. The influence of plasma exposure on third order optical susceptibility was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Abdel-Khalek
- Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - M I El-Samahi
- Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M El-Mahalawy
- Thin Film Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Synthesis, antimicrobial and photoelectric potency of new ferrocene-based congeners. MONATSHEFTE FUR CHEMIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00706-017-2093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Alharbi S, Darwish A, Al Garni S, ElSaeedy H, Abd El-Rahman K. Influence of thickness and annealing on linear and nonlinear optical properties of manganese (III) chloride tetraphenyl porphine (MnTPPCl) organic thin films. INFRARED PHYSICS & TECHNOLOGY 2016; 78:77-83. [DOI: 10.1016/j.infrared.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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