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Mukunda DC, Basha S, D'Souza MG, Chandra S, Ameera K, Stanley W, Mazumder N, Mahato KK. Label-free visualization of unfolding and crosslinking mediated protein aggregation in nonenzymatically glycated proteins. Analyst 2024; 149:4029-4040. [PMID: 38963259 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00358f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Nonenzymatic glycation (NEG) unfolds and crosslinks proteins, resulting in aggregation. Label-free evaluation of such structural changes, without disturbing molecular integrity, would be beneficial for understanding the fundamental mechanisms of protein aggregation. The current study demonstrates the assessment of NEG-induced protein aggregation by combining autofluorescence (AF) spectroscopy and imaging. The methylglyoxal (MG) induced protein unfolding and the formation of cross-linking advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) leading to aggregation were evaluated using deep-UV-induced-autofluorescence (dUV-AF) spectroscopy in proteins with distinct structural characteristics. Since the AGEs formed on proteins are fluorescent, the study demonstrated the possibility of autofluorescence imaging of NEG-induced protein aggregates. Autofluorescence spectroscopy can potentially reveal molecular alterations such as protein unfolding and cross-linking. In contrast, AGE-based autofluorescence imaging offers a means to visually explore the structural arrangement of aggregates, regardless of whether they are amyloid or non-amyloid in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaik Basha
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Meagan Gail D'Souza
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - K Ameera
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Weena Stanley
- Department of Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India.
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Zhu M, Wang S, Li Z, Li J, Xu Z, Liu X, Huang X. Tyrosine residues initiated photopolymerization in living organisms. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3598. [PMID: 37328460 PMCID: PMC10276049 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39286-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Towards intracellular engineering of living organisms, the development of new biocompatible polymerization system applicable for an intrinsically non-natural macromolecules synthesis for modulating living organism function/behavior is a key step. Herein, we find that the tyrosine residues in the cofactor-free proteins can be employed to mediate controlled radical polymerization under 405 nm light. A proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism between the excited-state TyrOH* residue in proteins and the monomer or the chain transfer agent is confirmed. By using Tyr-containing proteins, a wide range of well-defined polymers are successfully generated. Especially, the developed photopolymerization system shows good biocompatibility, which can achieve in-situ extracellular polymerization from the surface of yeast cells for agglutination/anti-agglutination functional manipulation or intracellular polymerization inside yeast cells, respectively. Besides providing a universal aqueous photopolymerization system, this study should contribute a new way to generate various non-natural polymers in vitro or in vivo to engineer living organism functions and behaviours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Zhu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Shengliang Wang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhui Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Junbo Li
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Xu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoman Liu
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Huang
- MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China.
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Mukunda DC, Joshi VK, Chandra S, Siddaramaiah M, Rodrigues J, Gadag S, Nayak UY, Mazumder N, Satyamoorthy K, Mahato KK. Probing nonenzymatic glycation of proteins by deep ultraviolet light emitting diode induced autofluorescence. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 213:279-296. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.05.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Analysis of the Factors Affecting Static In Vitro Pepsinolysis of Food Proteins. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27041260. [PMID: 35209049 PMCID: PMC8878058 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27041260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In this meta-analysis, we collected 58 publications spanning the last seven decades that reported static in vitro protein gastric digestion results. A number of descriptors of the pepsinolysis process were extracted, including protein type; pepsin activity and concentration; protein concentration; pH; additives; protein form (e.g., ‘native’, ‘emulsion’, ‘gel’, etc.); molecular weight of the protein; treatment; temperature; and half-times (HT) of protein digestion. After careful analysis and the application of statistical techniques and regression models, several general conclusions could be extracted from the data. The protein form to digest the fastest was ‘emulsion’. The rate of pepsinolysis in the emulsion was largely independent of the protein type, whereas the gastric digestion of the native protein in the solution was strongly dependent on the protein type. The pepsinolysis was shown to be strongly dependent on the structural components of the proteins digested—specifically, β-sheet-inhibited and amino acid, leucine, methionine, and proline-promoted digestion. Interestingly, we found that additives included in the digestion mix to alter protein hydrolysis had, in general, a negligible effect in comparison to the clear importance of the protein form or additional treatment. Overall, the findings allowed for the targeted creation of foods for fast or slow protein digestion, depending on the nutritional needs.
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Humeres E, Canle M, Lopes CN, Santaballa JA, Debacher NA, Moreira RDFPM, Safin V, Pérez MIF. Photo-immobilization of proteins on carbons. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2020; 202:111675. [PMID: 31733612 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The photofunctionalization of three different carbons with two proteins was studied at room temperature. Water solutions of bovine serum albumin, BSA, and α-amylase, AA, were photolyzed at 21 °C in the presence of graphite microparticles (6.20 μm), MPG, graphene oxide, MPGO, and graphene oxide modified with SO2, mMPGO. The insertion of BSA on carbon matrixes occurred with a deoxygenation reaction, most likely due to a dehydration step of a water molecule. XPS, TOC and TGA, showed that the BSA photo-insertion on MPG was highly efficient with 34.9% of the weight of MPG after photolysis, with an initial concentration of 1 g∙L-1 of BSA. A high yield of AA photoinsertion on the carbons was also obtained. The calculated weight of AA inserted on MPG and MPGO after photolysis was 22.30% and 18.08%, respectively, with respect to the initial weight of carbon, when the initial concentration of AA was 60 mg∙L-1. AA immobilized on MPG was active while the enzyme on MPGO showed a smaller activity, within the experimental error. Although a certain extent of denaturalization of both proteins was observed during photolysis, the molecular weight and composition changed very little during the photolysis, which would produce mainly conformational changes and isomerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Humeres
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Moisés Canle
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade (React!), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Cristiane Nunes Lopes
- Departamento de Engenharia Química e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - J Arturo Santaballa
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade (React!), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Nito Angelo Debacher
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Regina de F P M Moreira
- Departamento de Engenharia Química e de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Vladimir Safin
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade (React!), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain; Department of Chemistry and Technology of Natural Energy Carriers and Carbon Materials, Siberian Federal University, Russia
| | - M Isabel Fernández Pérez
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade (React!), Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
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Raghushaker CR, Chandra S, Chakrabarty S, Kabekkodu SP, Satyamoorthy K, Mahato KK. Detection of mitochondrial dysfunction in vitro by laser-induced autofluorescence. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2019; 12:e201900056. [PMID: 31251452 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrion plays a significant role in a variety of biological functions. Because of their diverse character and location in the cellular systems, mitochondria commonly get exposed to various extrinsic and intrinsic cellular stresses. The present study reports a novel approach to detection of mitochondrial dysfunction based on tryptophan autofluorescence of its proteins in mouse liver, using laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) as a tool. Mitochondria, isolated from the mouse liver, were initially tested for purity and integrity using lactate dehydrogenase and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) assays. Mitochondrial stress was induced by treating the isolated mitochondria with heavy metals at 10 and 0.01 mM for sodium arsenite and mercuric chloride, respectively. Upon treatment with the heavy metal, tryptophan autofluorescence quenching was recorded at 281 nm excitation. The functional integrity of the mitochondria treated with heavy metals was evaluated by measuring SDH and cytochrome c oxidase activities at various concentrations of mitochondria, which showed impaired activity as compared to control upto a concentration of 6.25 μg. A significant shift was also observed in the autofluorescence of proteins upto the level below 1 μg, suggesting their conformational change and hence altered structural integrity of mitochondria. Circular dichroism spectroscopy data of the mitochondrial proteins treated with heavy metals further validates their conformational change as compared to untreated control. The present study clearly shows that the LIF can be a novel detection tool to detect altered structural integrity of cellular mitochondria upon stress, and it also possesses the potentiality to combine with other interdisciplinary modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandavalli R Raghushaker
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Sanjiban Chakrabarty
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Shama P Kabekkodu
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Kapaettu Satyamoorthy
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Krishna K Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Humeres E, de Souza EP, Debacher NA, Lopes CN, Moreira RDF, Santaballa JA, Canle L. M. Effect of mass of pristine carbon nanotubes on the photolysis of phenylalanine. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.3849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Humeres
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | | | - Nito Angelo Debacher
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Cristiane Nunes Lopes
- Departamento de Química; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - Regina de F.P.M. Moreira
- Departamento de Engenharia Química e Engenharia de Alimentos; Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina; Florianópolis SC Brazil
| | - J. Arturo Santaballa
- Facultade de Ciencias and CICA, Grupo Reactividad Química e Fotorreactividade; Universidade da Coruña; A Coruña Spain
| | - Moisés Canle L.
- Facultade de Ciencias and CICA, Grupo Reactividad Química e Fotorreactividade; Universidade da Coruña; A Coruña Spain
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Peralta Muniz Moreira RDF, Humeres E, Berger C, Isabel Fernández M, Santaballa JA, Canle M. Photolytic insertion of albumin on activated carbon modified with ozone. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2017; 174:261-268. [PMID: 28806682 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
254nm photolyses of bovine serum albumin [BSA] in aqueous solutions, were carried out in the presence of activated carbons modified by reaction with ozone. The photolyses were monitored by fluorescence spectroscopy and UV spectrophotometry, and the products were characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR, TGA, total organic carbon analyses [TOC], and XPS. The ozonation reaction was carried out at room temperature with O3 under dry and wet conditions. The carbon characterization showed that the reaction increased the amount of epoxide and carbonyl groups on the carbon matrix. The activated carbon modified with dry O3 exhibited higher concentration of oxidized groups in its surface, smaller surface area and lower thermal stability. Characterization of the photolysis of ozonized carbons pointed to a small release of carbon organic groups during the reaction with elimination of epoxide groups and increase of carbonyl groups without change of thermal stability. Photolysis of BSA in aqueous solution occurred with fluorescence quenching due to changes of the local microenvironment and/or macromolecular conformational changes. Absorbance increase of the UV spectrum indicated a hyperchromic effect due to albumin structure modifications during photolysis. TGA analysis of the photolysed activated carbons in the presence of BSA suggested that ozonized carbon samples underwent insertion of BSA upon photolysis, in particular the sample ozonized under dry conditions. The changes observed for the FTIR and elemental analysis agreed with this conclusion, which was further supported by 13C SS-NMR, fluorescence emission and XPS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eduardo Humeres
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Carolina Berger
- Departamento de Engenharia Química e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, 88040-900 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - M Isabel Fernández
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - J A Santaballa
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain
| | - Moisés Canle
- Universidade da Coruña, Grupo Reactividade Química e Fotorreactividade, Departamento de Química, Facultade de Ciencias & CICA, E-15071 A Coruña, Spain.
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Siddaramaiah M, Satyamoorthy K, Rao BSS, Roy S, Chandra S, Mahato KK. Identification of protein secondary structures by laser induced autofluorescence: A study of urea and GnHCl induced protein denaturation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 174:44-53. [PMID: 27875744 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study an attempt has been made to interrogate the bulk secondary structures of some selected proteins (BSA, HSA, lysozyme, trypsin and ribonuclease A) under urea and GnHCl denaturation using laser induced autofluorescence. The proteins were treated with different concentrations of urea (3M, 6M, 9M) and GnHCl (2M, 4M, 6M) and the corresponding steady state autofluorescence spectra were recorded at 281nm pulsed laser excitations. The recorded fluorescence spectra of proteins were then interpreted based on the existing PDB structures of the proteins and the Trp solvent accessibility (calculated using "Scratch protein predictor" at 30% threshold). Further, the influence of rigidity and conformation of the indole ring (caused by protein secondary structures) on the intrinsic fluorescence properties of proteins were also evaluated using fluorescence of ANS-HSA complexes, CD spectroscopy as well as with trypsin digestion experiments. The outcomes obtained clearly demonstrated GnHCl preferably disrupt helix as compared to the beta β-sheets whereas, urea found was more effective in disrupting β-sheets as compared to the helices. The other way round the proteins which have shown detectable change in the intrinsic fluorescence at lower concentrations of GnHCl were rich in helices whereas, the proteins which showed detectable change in the intrinsic fluorescence at lower concentrations of urea were rich in β-sheets. Since high salt concentrations like GnHCl and urea interfere in the secondary structure analysis by circular dichroism Spectrometry, the present method of analyzing secondary structures using laser induced autofluorescence will be highly advantageous over existing tools for the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjunath Siddaramaiah
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | | | - Bola Sadashiva Satish Rao
- Department of Radiation Biology and Toxicology, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Suparna Roy
- School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Subhash Chandra
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka 576104, India.
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