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de Morais FAP, Balbinot RB, Bakoshi ABK, Lararin-Bidoia D, da Silva Souza Campanholi K, da Silva RC, de França BM, Gonçalves RS, Ueda-Nakamura T, de Oliveira Silva S, Caetano W, Nakamura CV. Hypericin-loaded in modified theranostic liposome nanoplatform: a preliminary in vivo study of targeting and diagnosis. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03379-y. [PMID: 39180673 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Modified theranostic liposomes were created by combining phospholipid 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-3-glycerol-phosphatidylcholine with two previously modified Pluronic® copolymers covalently linked with spermine and folic acid to carry and stabilize the photosensitizer compound hypericin. After physicochemical characterization, the photocytotoxicity was evaluated against different cancer and healthy cells presenting a strong photodynamic effect. The formulation exhibited no photoactivity without illumination and without hypericin. In vivo, pharmacokinetics biodistribution examined the uptake and theranostic potential of this nanoformulation after its intravenous administration in animal models. Fluorescence images revealed the maximum fluorescence between 0.5-4 h post-tail vein injection, making it an appropriate period for photodynamic treatment. The fluorescence of the entire body was monitored for at least 3 days, indicating that the theranostic procedures can be performed within the 0.5-4 h range after administration, after which the intensity decreases, indicating a potent metabolic ability with no significant side effects. The fluorescence images of the main organs consistently showed a signal during the 1st day of its application. After 48 h, only residues of the modified theranostic formulation were detected in the lungs and thyroid. The promising pharmacokinetics observed in our preliminary studies highlight the potential of this system, making it a worthy candidate for further investigation with tumor models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Amanda Pedroso de Morais
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil.
| | - Rodolfo Bento Balbinot
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Amanda Beatriz Kawano Bakoshi
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Danielle Lararin-Bidoia
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | | | | | - Bruna Martins de França
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, 149 Athos da Silveira Ramos Ave., Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-909, Brazil
| | - Renato Sonchini Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Center of Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luís, MA, 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Sueli de Oliveira Silva
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Wilker Caetano
- Department of Chemistry, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Vataru Nakamura
- Technological Innovation Laboratory in Pharmaceuticals and Cosmetics Development, State University of Maringá, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil
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2
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Mussini A, Delcanale P, Berni M, Pongolini S, Jordà-Redondo M, Agut M, Steinbach PJ, Nonell S, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Concanavalin A Delivers a Photoactive Protein to the Bacterial Wall. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5751. [PMID: 38891937 PMCID: PMC11172101 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Modular supramolecular complexes, where different proteins are assembled to gather targeting capability and photofunctional properties within the same structures, are of special interest for bacterial photodynamic inactivation, given their inherent biocompatibility and flexibility. We have recently proposed one such structure, exploiting the tetrameric bacterial protein streptavidin as the main building block, to target S. aureus protein A. To expand the palette of targets, we have linked biotinylated Concanavalin A, a sugar-binding protein, to a methylene blue-labelled streptavidin. By applying a combination of spectroscopy and microscopy, we demonstrate the binding of Concanavalin A to the walls of Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli. Photoinactivation is observed for both bacterial strains in the low micromolar range, although the moderate affinity for the molecular targets and the low singlet oxygen yields limit the overall efficiency. Finally, we apply a maximum entropy method to the analysis of autocorrelation traces, which proves particularly useful when interpreting signals measured for diffusing systems heterogeneous in size, such as fluorescent species bound to bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pietro Delcanale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Melissa Berni
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Strada dei Mercati, 13/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Stefano Pongolini
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology Unit, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Strada dei Mercati, 13/A, 43126 Parma, Italy
| | - Mireia Jordà-Redondo
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Montserrat Agut
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Peter J. Steinbach
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biosciences Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, 08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, 43124 Parma, Italy
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3
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Hovan A, Pevna V, Huntosova V, Miskovsky P, Bánó G. Singlet oxygen lifetime changes in dying glioblastoma cells. Photochem Photobiol 2024; 100:159-171. [PMID: 37357990 DOI: 10.1111/php.13828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved phosphorescence detection was employed to determine the lifetime of singlet oxygen in live cells. Using hypericin as a photosensitizer, singlet oxygen was generated in U87MG glioblastoma cells. The phosphorescence of singlet oxygen was detected in aqueous cell suspensions following pulsed laser excitation. Our goal was to eliminate or reduce the problems associated with lifetime measurements in water-based cell suspensions. The apparatus enabled simultaneous singlet oxygen phosphorescence and transient absorption measurements, reducing uncertainty in lifetime estimation. The changes in singlet oxygen lifetime were observed during early and late apoptosis induced by photodynamic action. Our findings show that the effective lifetime of singlet oxygen in the intracellular space of the studied glioblastoma cells is 0.4 μs and increases to 1.5 μs as apoptosis progresses. Another group of hypericin, presumably located in the membrane blebs and the plasma membrane of apoptotic cells, generates singlet oxygen with a lifetime of 1.9 μs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrej Hovan
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Viktoria Pevna
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Veronika Huntosova
- Center for Interdisciplinary Biosciences, Technology and Innovation Park, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Pavol Miskovsky
- Cassovia New Industry Cluster, Košice, Slovak Republic
- SAFTRA Photonics Ltd., Košice, Slovak Republic
| | - Gregor Bánó
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Science, P.J. Šafárik University in Košice, Košice, Slovak Republic
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4
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Cole HD, Eroy M, Roque JA, Shi G, Guirguis M, Fakhry J, Cameron CG, Obaid G, McFarland SA. Establishing a Robust and Reliable Response from a Potent Osmium-Based Photosensitizer Via Lipid Nanoformulation †. Photochem Photobiol 2023; 99:751-760. [PMID: 36481983 PMCID: PMC10315168 DOI: 10.1111/php.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Osmium (Os) based photosensitizers (PSs) are a unique class of nontetrapyrrolic metal-containing PSs that absorb red light. We recently reported a highly potent Os(II) PS, rac-[Os(phen)2 (IP-4T)](Cl)2 , referred to as ML18J03 herein, with light EC50 values as low as 20 pm. ML18J03 also exhibits low dark toxicity and submicromolar light EC50 values in hypoxia in some cell lines. However, owing to its longer oligothiophene chain, ML18J03 is not completely water soluble and forms 1-2 μm sized aggregates in PBS containing 1% DMSO. This aggregation causes variability in PDT efficacy between assays and thus unreliable and irreproducible reports of in vitro activity. To that end, we utilized PEG-modified DPPC liposomes (138 nm diameter) and DSPE-mPEG2000 micelles (10.2 nm diameter) as lipid nanoformulation vehicles to mitigate aggregation of ML18J03 and found that the spectroscopic properties important to biological activity were maintained or improved. Importantly, the lipid formulations decreased the interassay variance between the EC50 values by almost 20-fold, with respect to the unformulated ML18J03 when using broadband visible light excitation (P = 0.0276). Herein, lipid formulations are presented as reliable platforms for more accurate in vitro photocytotoxicity quantification for PSs prone to aggregation (such as ML18J03) and will be useful for assessing their in vivo PDT effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houston D. Cole
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Menitte Eroy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, United States
| | - John A. Roque
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Ge Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Mina Guirguis
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, United States
| | - John Fakhry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, United States
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
| | - Girgis Obaid
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, United States
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas 76019, United States
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5
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Shah D, Eroy M, Fakhry J, Moffat A, Fritz K, Cole HD, Cameron CG, McFarland SA, Obaid G. Enabling In Vivo Optical Imaging of an Osmium Photosensitizer by Micellar Formulation. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:2426. [PMID: 36365244 PMCID: PMC9693841 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Osmium (Os)-based photosensitizers (PSs) exhibit unique broad, red-shifted absorption, favoring PDT activity at greater tissue depths. We recently reported on a potent Os(II) PS, rac-[Os(phen)2(IP-4T)](Cl)2 (ML18J03) with submicromolar hypoxia activity. ML18J03 exhibits a low luminescence quantum yield of 9.8 × 10-5 in PBS, which limits its capacity for in vivo luminescence imaging. We recently showed that formulating ML18J03 into 10.2 nm DSPE-mPEG2000 micelles (Mic-ML18J03) increases its luminescence quantum yield by two orders of magnitude. Here, we demonstrate that Mic-ML18J03 exhibits 47-fold improved accumulative luminescence signals in orthotopic AT-84 head and neck tumors. We show, for the first time, that micellar formulation provides up to 11.7-fold tumor selectivity for ML18J03. Furthermore, Mic-ML18J03 does not experience the concentration-dependent quenching observed with unformulated ML18J03 in PBS, and formulation reduces spectral shifting of the emission maxima during PDT (variance = 6.5 and 27.3, respectively). The Mic-ML18J03 formulation also increases the production of reactive molecular species 2-3-fold. These findings demonstrate that micellar formulation is a versatile and effective approach to enable in vivo luminescence imaging options for an otherwise quenched, yet promising, PS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drashti Shah
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Menitte Eroy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - John Fakhry
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Azophi Moffat
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Kevin Fritz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
| | - Houston D. Cole
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Colin G. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Sherri A. McFarland
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA
| | - Girgis Obaid
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080, USA
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6
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Lipid Nanoparticles as Platforms for Theranostic Purposes: Recent Advances in the Field. JOURNAL OF NANOTHERANOSTICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jnt3020006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are the first approved nanomedicines and the most well-studied class of nanocarriers for drug delivery. Currently, they are in the frontline of the pandemic fight as vaccine formulations and therapeutic products. However, even though they are so well-studied, new materials and new modifications arise every day that can improve their properties. Their dynamic nature, especially the liquid crystal state of membranes, is under constant investigation and it is that which many times leads to their complex biological behavior. In addition, newly discovered biomaterials and nanoparticles that possess promising effects and functionalities, but also toxicity and/or poor pharmacokinetics, can be combined with LNPs to ameliorate their properties. As a result, many promising theranostic applications have emerged during the past decade, proving the huge potential of LNPs in the field. In the present review, we summarize some of the most prominent classes of LNPs for nanotheranostic purposes, and present state-of-the-art research examples, with emphasis on the utilized biomaterials and the functionality that they confer to the resultant supramolecular nanosystems, in relation to diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Although there has been unprecedented progress in theranostics, the translational gap between the bench and the clinic is undeniable. This issue must be addressed by experts in a coordinated way, in order to fully exploit these nanomedicines for the benefit of the society.
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Delcanale P, Uriati E, Mariangeli M, Mussini A, Moreno A, Lelli D, Cavanna L, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. The Interaction of Hypericin with SARS-CoV-2 Reveals a Multimodal Antiviral Activity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:14025-14032. [PMID: 35302731 PMCID: PMC8972258 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c22439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Hypericin is a photosensitizing drug that is active against membrane-enveloped viruses and therefore constitutes a promising candidate for the treatment of SARS-CoV-2 infections. The antiviral efficacy of hypericin is largely determined by its affinity toward viral components and by the number of active molecules loaded on single viruses. Here we use an experimental approach to follow the interaction of hypericin with SARS-CoV-2, and we evaluate its antiviral efficacy, both in the dark and upon photoactivation. Binding to viral particles is directly visualized with fluorescence microscopy, and a strong affinity for the viral particles, most likely for the viral envelope, is measured spectroscopically. The loading of a maximum of approximately 30 molecules per viral particle is estimated, despite with marked heterogeneity among particles. Because of this interaction, nanomolar concentrations of photoactivated hypericin substantially reduce virus infectivity on Vero E6 cells, but a partial effect is also observed in dark conditions, suggesting multiple mechanisms of action for this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Delcanale
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Eleonora Uriati
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Nanoscopy
@ Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Matteo Mariangeli
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
- Nanoscopy
@ Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Ana Moreno
- Istituto
Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia
Romagna, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Lelli
- Istituto
Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia
Romagna, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Luigi Cavanna
- Dipartimento
di Oncologia-Ematologia, Azienda USL di
Piacenza, 29121 Piacenza, Italy
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Nanoscopy
@ Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16152 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy
@ Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16152 Genova, Italy
- DIFILAB,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento
di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università degli Studi di Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy
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8
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Mussini A, Uriati E, Hally C, Nonell S, Bianchini P, Diaspro A, Pongolini S, Delcanale P, Abbruzzetti S, Viappiani C. Versatile Supramolecular Complex for Targeted Antimicrobial Photodynamic Inactivation. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:666-676. [PMID: 35266706 PMCID: PMC9026257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We report the development of a supramolecular structure endowed with photosensitizing properties and targeting capability for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation. Our synthetic strategy uses the tetrameric bacterial protein streptavidin, labeled with the photosensitizer eosin, as the main building block. Biotinylated immunoglobulin G (IgG) from human serum, known to associate with Staphylococcus aureus protein A, was bound to the complex streptavidin-eosin. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and fluorescence microscopy demonstrate binding of the complex to S. aureus. Efficient photoinactivation is observed for S. aureus suspensions treated with IgG-streptavidin-eosin at concentrations higher than 0.5 μM and exposed to green light. The proposed strategy offers a flexible platform for targeting a variety of molecules and microbial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Mussini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Eleonora Uriati
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma 43124, Italy.,Nanoscopy@Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, Genova 16152, Italy
| | - Cormac Hally
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma 43124, Italy.,Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull, Via Augusta 390, Barcelona 08017, Spain
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Nanoscopy@Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, Genova 16152, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy@Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83B, Genova 16152, Italy.,DIFILAB, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - Stefano Pongolini
- Risk Analysis and Genomic Epidemiology, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia-Romagna, Strada dei Mercati, 13/A, Parma 43126, Italy
| | - Pietro Delcanale
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Stefania Abbruzzetti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma 43124, Italy
| | - Cristiano Viappiani
- Dipartimento di Scienze Matematiche, Fisiche e Informatiche, Università di Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 7A, Parma 43124, Italy
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9
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Yang YL, Lin K, Yang L. Progress in Nanocarriers Codelivery System to Enhance the Anticancer Effect of Photodynamic Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1951. [PMID: 34834367 PMCID: PMC8617654 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising anticancer noninvasive method and has great potential for clinical applications. Unfortunately, PDT still has many limitations, such as metastatic tumor at unknown sites, inadequate light delivery and a lack of sufficient oxygen. Recent studies have demonstrated that photodynamic therapy in combination with other therapies can enhance anticancer effects. The development of new nanomaterials provides a platform for the codelivery of two or more therapeutic drugs, which is a promising cancer treatment method. The use of multifunctional nanocarriers for the codelivery of two or more drugs can improve physical and chemical properties, increase tumor site aggregation, and enhance the antitumor effect through synergistic actions, which is worthy of further study. This review focuses on the latest research progress on the synergistic enhancement of PDT by simultaneous multidrug administration using codelivery nanocarriers. We introduce the design of codelivery nanocarriers and discuss the mechanism of PDT combined with other antitumor methods. The combination of PDT and chemotherapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, photothermal therapy, hyperthermia, radiotherapy, sonodynamic therapy and even multidrug therapy are discussed to provide a comprehensive understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Li Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; (Y.-L.Y.); (K.L.)
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10
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Barbosa PM, Campanholi KDSS, Vilsinski BH, Ferreira SBDS, Gonçalves RS, Castro-Hoshino LVD, Oliveira ACVD, Sato F, Baesso ML, Bruschi ML, Caetano W. Aluminum phthalocyanine hydroxide-loaded thermoresponsive biomedical hydrogel: A design for targeted photosensitizing drug delivery. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.117421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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