1
|
Zhao G, Jia R, Shi W, Zhuang H, Xin X, Ma F, Li Y. Substituent effects on the ESIPT process and the potential applications in materials transport field of 2'-aminochalcone derivatives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 319:124560. [PMID: 38843615 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/17/2024]
Abstract
This work investigates the different charge transfer characteristics and excited state intramolecular proton transfer process (ESIPT) of 2'-aminochalcones derivatives carrying different electron-withdrawing groups. Four new molecules are designed in the experiment and named as 2c, 3c, 4c and 5c, respectively. (Dyes and Pigments, 2022, 202.) Based on these four molecules, the effect of substituents on the ESIPT process and the charge transfer process are discussed in detail in our work. According to the study of the related parameters at the hydrogen bond site, infrared vibration spectrum, interaction region indicator isosurface (IRI) and scatter plots, it is concluded that the hydrogen bond interaction is enhanced under photoexcitation, and the descending order of the excited state hydrogen bond strength is 3c > 5c > 4c > 2c. The hydrogen bond energy is calculated by atoms in moleculs (AIM) topological analysis and core-valence bifurcation (CVB) index. The potential energy curve reveals the ESIPT mechanism. Frontier molecular orbital and electron-hole analyses explain the reasons for the changes in the ESIPT process at the electronic level. In addition, the ionization potentials (IPa and IPv), affinity energies (EAa and EAv) and reorganization energies are calculated to evaluate the potential application value of organic molecules in material transport field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Zhao
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Rulin Jia
- School of Forensic Science and Technology, Criminal Investigation Police University of China, Liaoning, Shenyang 110035, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Hongbin Zhuang
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Xin Xin
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Fengcai Ma
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
| | - Yongqing Li
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang L, Zhang Y, Shang C, Sun C. Effect of different substituent on the ESIPT process and fluorescence features of 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzoxazole derivatives: A DFT/TD-DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124714. [PMID: 38941752 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
In this contribution, four derivatives of 5'-(para-R-Phenylene) vinyl-2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzoxazole (PVHBO) were ingeniously designed by introducing two electron-withdrawing substituents and two electron-donating substituents, aiming to investigate the influence of different substituents on the photophysical properties of PVHBO and the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) process via the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. By utilizing the geometric parameters and the simulated infrared (IR) spectra, we compared the intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs) strengths in the S0 and S1 states of the molecules. Via conducting the hole-electron analysis, the reduction in fluorescence intensity for the enol and keto forms of PVHBO, PVHBO-MeO, and PVHBO-NH2 were also well explicated. Besides, the potential energy curves (PECs) and corresponding transition state (TS) structures for both S0 and S1 states were also constructed to accurately obtain energy barriers of forward and reversed proton transfer processes. The calculated absorption and fluorescence spectra also show that PVHBO-NH2 has the largest Stokes shifts of 158 nm and 219 nm in both the enol and keto states, with a significant increase in fluorescence intensity observed upon the induction of electron-withdrawing groups. Through this work, it can provide the theoretical basis for the design of novel luminescent materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Wang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Changjiao Shang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Queiroz M, Alves TV, Rivelino R, Canuto S. Influence of Solvents and Halogenation on ESIPT of Benzimidazole Derivatives for Designing Turn-on Fluorescence Probes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22102-22111. [PMID: 38799309 PMCID: PMC11112562 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
This work reports a theoretical investigation of the solvent polarity as well as the halogenation of benzimidazole derivatives during excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). It details how the environment and halogen substitution may contribute to the efficiency of ESIPT upon keto-enol tautomerism and exploits this effect to design fluorescence sensing. For this purpose, we first examine the conformational equilibrium of benzimidazole derivatives containing different halogen atoms, which results in intramolecular proton transfer, using density-functional theory (DFT) combined with the polarizable continuum model (PCM). Then we evaluate the fluorescence of the benzimidazole derivatives in different dielectric constants within time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approaches. Our results quantitatively allow the determination of large Stokes shifts in nonpolar solvents around 100 nm. These theoretical results are in agreement with experimental solvatochromism studies of benzimidazoles. The effect of halogenation, with fluorine, chlorine, and bromine, is less important than solvent polarization when ESIPT takes place. Thus, halogenation can be properly chosen depending on the interest of the synthesis of benzimidazole-based turn-on fluorescence in appropriate solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murillo
H. Queiroz
- Departamento
de Físico-Química, Instituto
de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, Bahia 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Tiago V. Alves
- Departamento
de Físico-Química, Instituto
de Química, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Rua Barão de Jeremoabo, 147, Salvador, Bahia 40170-115, Brazil
| | - Roberto Rivelino
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade Federal da
Bahia, Salvador, Bahia 40210-340, Brazil
| | - Sylvio Canuto
- Instituto
de Física, Universidade de São
Paulo, CP 66318, São Paulo, São Paulo 05315-970, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Reimann LK, Dalberto BT, Schneider PH, de Castro Silva Junior H, Rodembusch FS. Benzazole-Based ESIPT Fluorophores: Proton Transfer from the Chalcogen Perspective. A Combined Theoretical and Experimental Study. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03595-y. [PMID: 38507128 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03595-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we present a comprehensive photophysical investigation of ESIPT-reactive benzazole derivatives in both solution and the solid state. These derivatives incorporate different chalcogen atoms (O, S, and Se) into their structures, and we explore how these variations impact their electronic properties in both ground and excited states. Changes in the UV-Vis absorption and fluorescence emission spectra were analyzed and correlated with the chalcogen atom and solvent polarity. In general, the spectral band of the benzazole derivative containing selenium was redshifted in both the ground and excited states compared to that of its oxygen and sulfur counterparts. Furthermore, we observed that the solvent played a distinctive role in influencing the ESIPT process within these compounds, underscoring once again the significant influence of the chalcogen atom on their photophysical behavior. Theoretical calculations provided a deeper understanding of the molecular dynamics, electronic structures, and photophysical properties of these compounds. These calculations highlighted the effect of chalcogen atoms on the molecular geometry, absorption and emission characteristics, and intramolecular hydrogen bonding, revealing intricate details of the ESIPT mechanism. The integration of experimental and computational data offers a detailed view of the structural and electronic factors governing the photophysical behavior of benzazole derivatives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Louise Kommers Reimann
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), PO Box 15003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, ZIP Code91501-970, Brazil
| | - Bianca Thaís Dalberto
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), PO Box 15003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, ZIP Code91501-970, Brazil
| | - Paulo Henrique Schneider
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), PO Box 15003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, ZIP Code91501-970, Brazil
| | - Henrique de Castro Silva Junior
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), PO Box 15003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, ZIP Code91501-970, Brazil.
| | - Fabiano Severo Rodembusch
- Instituto de Química, Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Sul (UFRGS), PO Box 15003, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande Do Sul, ZIP Code91501-970, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yang L, Zhang D, Wang M, Yang Y. Effects of solvent polarity on the novel excited-state intramolecular thiol proton transfer and photophysical property compared with the oxygen proton transfer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 293:122475. [PMID: 36780743 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the dual-fluorescent phenomena of excited state intramolecular thiol proton transfer (ESIPT) for 3-thiolflavone derivative (3NTF) were reported by Chou and coworkers for the first time [J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143 (2021) 12715-12724], which opened a new chapter in the field of ESIPT. Based on density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), the proton transfer processes of 3NTF in toluene, dichloromethane and acetonitrile were studied. By optimizing the structure of the ground (S0) state and first excited (S1) state of 3NTF in different solvents, the hydrogen-bond parameters and proton-transfer potential energy curves were calculated. It was shown that although photo-excitation enhanced the intramolecular hydrogen bonding strength and thus promoted the occurrence of ESIPT, the solvent polarities inhibited the enhancement of the hydrogen bond of S1 state, which was not conducive to ESIPT. The electron spectra analyses were consistent with experimental data, which confirmed the rationality of molecular configurations. The time-evolved excited state dynamics simulation was performed based on the optimized structure of 3NTF, indicating that the ESIPT was an ultrafast photochemical reaction less than 180 fs. Moreover, we compared the potential energy surfaces of ESIPT, electronic structures based on natural transition orbitals (NTOs) method and electron-hole isosurfaces for the 3NTF and the traditional flavone molecule (3NHF), concluded that the unusually large Stokes shift fluorescence of 3NTF was mainly caused by the coupling of ESIPT and twisting intramolecular charge transfer (TICT), and the 3NTF isomer had the more nπ* character in the electron transition process. The nπ* ICT significantly increased with the decrease of solvent polarities, affecting the molecular photophysical properties, this made it more widely used in biomedical, photochemical, materials science and other fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Yang
- Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Mingli Wang
- Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Palta A, Kumar G, Luxami V. Intramolecular dual hydrogen bonded fluorescent "turn-on" probe for Al 3+ and HSO 4- ions: Applications in real water samples and molecular keypad lock. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 300:122873. [PMID: 37229940 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Dual hydrogen bonded Schiff base containing unsymmetrical double proton transfer sites, one with imine bond (CN) and hydroxyl group (OH), and the other with benzimidazole and hydroxyl groups has been successfully synthesized. Probe 1 displayed intramolecular charge transfer and acts as a potential sensor for Al3+ and HSO4- ions. Probe 1 displayed two absorption peaks at 325 nm and 340 nm and an emission band at 435 nm upon excitation at 340 nm. Probe 1 behaves as a fluorescence "turn-on" chemosensor for both Al3+ and HSO4- ions in H2O-CH3OH solvent system. The proposed method allows the determination of Al3+ and HSO4- ions up to 39 nM and 23 nM at emission wavelength 385 nm and 390 nm, respectively. The binding behavior of probe 1 towards these ions is determined by the Job's plot method and 1H NMR titrations. Probe 1 is used to construct a molecular keypad lock where the absorbance channel can be opened only in the presence of the correct sequence. Further, it is used for the quantitative determination of HSO4- ion in different real-field water samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aastha Palta
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, M. M. Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana 133207, India
| | - Vijay Luxami
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Thapar Institute of Engineering and Technology, Patiala 147004, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhao J, Zhang H, Fan L, Li F, Song P. Unveiling and regulating the solvent-polarity-associated excited state intramolecular double proton transfer behavior for 1-bis(benzothiazolyl)naphthalene-diol fluorophore. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 299:122831. [PMID: 37182250 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Inspired by the regulatory luminescence properties of HBT derivatives, in this work, we mainly conduct a detailed theoretical exploration on the photoinduced excitation behavior of a novel di-proton-transfer type HBT derivative 1-bis(benzothiazolyl)naphthalene-diol (1-BBTND). The intramolecular double hydrogen bonding interaction and the excited state intramolecular double proton transfer (ESDPT) behavior of 1-BBTND fluorophore are investigated in combination with different polar solvent environments. From the structural changes and charge recombination induced by photoexcitation, we can conclude that strong polar solvent environment promotes the excited state dynamical reaction for 1-BBTND compound. By constructing potential energy surfaces (PESs) in S0 and S1 states, we clarify that 1-BBTND fluorophore should undergo a stepwise ESDPT reaction after photoexcitation. Combined with the size of potential energy barriers along with reaction paths in different solvents, we finally propose a new solvent-polarity-dependent stepwise ESDPT for 1-BBTND fluorophore.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China.
| | - Haohua Zhang
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Liming Fan
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Fangyu Li
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang 110034, China
| | - Peng Song
- Department of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Han J, Cui H, Du B, Zheng Y, Feng G, Ye J. Liquid-solid phase regulating excited-state intramolecular proton transfer process of HBT-d-NO 2: A QM/MM study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 298:122804. [PMID: 37167801 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer process of 2-(1,3-benzothiazol-2-yl)-4-[2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethynyl]phenol (HBT-d-NO2) in the different surrounding environment is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The optimized molecular structure provides convincing evidence that the intramolecular hydrogen bond is strengthened in the first excited (S1) state. The frontier molecular orbitals observed the HBT-d-NO2 exists obvious intramolecular charge translate phenomenon. The results of the potential energy curve show that HBT-d-NO2 is difficult to undergo proton transfer in the ground (S0) state due to the high energy barrier, while it becomes easier in the S1 state in both liquid and solid phases. By comparison, the energy barrier of ESIPT in the solid phase is higher than that in the liquid phase. We can conclude that the solid phase effectively hinders the ESIPT process compared with that the liquid phase. In this work, we illustrate the influence of liquid and solid phases on the intramolecular proton transfer process, which could promote further developments in biomedical and fluorophore applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Han
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Department of Aerospace Science Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China.
| | - Haichao Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Department of Aerospace Science Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China
| | - Baosheng Du
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Department of Aerospace Science Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China
| | - Yongzan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Department of Aerospace Science Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China
| | - Gaoping Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Department of Aerospace Science Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China
| | - Jifei Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Laser Propulsion & Application, Department of Aerospace Science Technology, Space Engineering University, Beijing 101416, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zhao S, Meng F, Li X, Zhao J, Tang Z. Elaborating and regulating ESIPT associated with solvent polarity for the novel 2-(benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)-4-(9H-diphenylamino-9-yl)phenol fluorophore. Mol Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2023.2186718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shulin Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fanmiao Meng
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- College of Physical Science and Technology, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, People’s Republic of China
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Bioimaging, Life and Health Intelligent Research Institute, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Shekhovtsov NA, Nikolaenkova EB, Ryadun AA, Samsonenko DG, Tikhonov AY, Bushuev MB. ESIPT-Capable 4-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)-2-(Pyridin-2-yl)-1 H-Imidazoles with Single and Double Proton Transfer: Synthesis, Selective Reduction of the Imidazolic OH Group and Luminescence. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041793. [PMID: 36838780 PMCID: PMC9962989 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
1H-Imidazole derivatives establish one of the iconic classes of ESIPT-capable compounds (ESIPT = excited state intramolecular proton transfer). This work presents the synthesis of 1-hydroxy-4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (LOH,OH) as the first example of ESIPT-capable imidazole derivatives wherein the imidazole moiety simultaneously acts as a proton acceptor and a proton donor. The reaction of LOH,OH with chloroacetone leads to the selective reduction of the imidazolic OH group (whereas the phenolic OH group remains unaffected) and to the isolation of 4-(2-hydroxyphenyl)-5-methyl-2-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazole (LH,OH), a monohydroxy congener of LOH,OH. Both LOH,OH and LH,OH demonstrate luminescence in the solid state. The number of OH···N proton transfer sites in these compounds (one for LH,OH and two for LOH,OH) strongly affects the luminescence mechanism and color of the emission: LH,OH emits in the light green region, whereas LOH,OH luminesces in the orange region. According to joint experimental and theoretical studies, the main emission pathway of both compounds is associated with T1 → S0 phosphorescence and not related to ESIPT. At the same time, LOH,OH also exhibits S1 → S0 fluorescence associated with ESIPT with one proton transferred from the hydroxyimidazole moiety to the pyridine moiety, which is not possible for LH,OH due to the absence of the hydroxy group in the imidazole moiety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nikita A. Shekhovtsov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Elena B. Nikolaenkova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Ryadun
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Denis G. Samsonenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexsei Ya. Tikhonov
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 9, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.B.B.)
| | - Mark B. Bushuev
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, 3, Acad. Lavrentiev Ave., Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
- Correspondence: (N.A.S.); (A.Y.T.); (M.B.B.)
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao G, Shi W, Xin X, Yang Y, Ma F, Li Y. Insights from computational analysis: Excited-state hydrogen-bonding interactions and ESIPT processes in phenothiazine derivatives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 286:121935. [PMID: 36265305 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Organic materials with Mechanofluorochromism (MFC) properties have potential application value. Phenothiazine derivatives are a class of substances with MFC properties that have been synthesized and reported in experiments (Dyes and Pigments 172 (2020) 107835). Dual fluorescence of a series of phenothiazine derivatives is observed in the experiment, which proved that the ESIPT process is carried out. In this work, we choose phenothiazine derivatives (C2PAHN, C4PAHN, C8PAHN) as models to theoretically analyze the influence of different alkyl chain lengths on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT). In addition, the shift value of fluorescence spectrum is related to the length of alkyl chain. The fluorescence shift of C2PAHN is the largest (6.31 nm), and that of C8PAHN is the smallest (2.40 nm). The theory of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) are adopted to simulate the molecular dynamics in the ground state and excited state. The analysis of the optimized molecular geometry parameters and infrared vibrational spectroscopy (IR) illustrate the stronger hydrogen bonding of the excited state molecules, which is favorable for the progress of ESIPT. Fluorescence spectroscopy reveals that the appropriate increase or decrease of alkyl chains would change the photophysical properties of the molecules. Frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) indicate that the rearrangement of electron density from electronic level to is the driving force of the ESIPT process. Reduction density gradient (RDG) surfaces and Natural Population Analysis (NPA) tentatively lead to the conclusion that alkyl chain length is inversely proportional to hydrogen bond strength. Finally, the data are qualitatively analyzed by scanning the potential energy curves, and it is concluded that the longer the alkyl chain, the weaker the hydrogen bonding effect and the more unfavorable the ESIPT process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guijie Zhao
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Wei Shi
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Xin Xin
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China
| | - Yunfan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Microstructural Material Physics of Hebei Province, School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, PR China
| | - Fengcai Ma
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
| | - Yongqing Li
- School of Physics, Liaoning University, Shenyang 110036, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wróblewski T, Ushakou D. Stepwise Excited-state Double Proton Transfer and Fluorescence Decay Analysis. J Fluoresc 2023; 33:103-111. [PMID: 36271973 PMCID: PMC9892138 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03042-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
This work considers excited state intramolecular proton transfers (ESIPT) occurred in multiple hydroxyl-containing compounds with one proton transfer site in the normal form. If several hydroxyl groups are located close to each other in a molecule, then the ESIPT process can lead to the next one. A proton donor site in the first ESIPT will be a proton acceptor during the second reaction. Therefore, a number of consecutive excited state proton transfers can occur. This work deals with the case of two successive proton transfers occurred in the molecular system. Such process is called as a stepwise excited state intramolecular double proton transfer (stepwise ESIDPT). It leads to the formation of two molecular tautomers. Therefore, fluorescence of such compounds can contain different emission bands correspond to emission of normal form and two tautomers. In this work, a rigorous analysis of fluorescence decay kinetics has been made using the model with three species, including a normal molecular form and two tautomers. The work presents theoretical framework of fluorescence decay analysis of ESIDPT process taking into account three species emission. Theoretically, the stepwise proton transfers can be consisted of more than two ESIPT reactions. It depends on molecular structure and number of involved hydroxyl groups. Here, a formal analysis of fluorescence decay kinetics has been made in the case of a stepwise process consisting of two proton transfers. Moreover, the quantum-chemical calculations have been performed in the case of scutellarein. It is a multiple hydroxyl-containing flavone and, therefore, it can be applied as a model molecule to study stepwise intramolecular proton transfers. The hypothetical scheme of ESIDPT has been proposed for this compound.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Wróblewski
- Institute of Exact and Technical Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, str. Arciszewskiego 22b, Słupsk, 76-200, Poland
| | - Dzmitryi Ushakou
- Institute of Exact and Technical Sciences, Pomeranian University in Słupsk, str. Arciszewskiego 22b, Słupsk, 76-200, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wu Z, Dou J, Nguyen KU, Eppley JC, Siwawannapong K, Zhang Y, Lindsey JS. Tailoring the AIE Chromogen 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole for Use in Enzyme-Triggered Molecular Brachytherapy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248682. [PMID: 36557815 PMCID: PMC9786593 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A targeted strategy for treating cancer is antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy, where the enzyme attached to the antibody causes conversion of an inactive small-molecule prodrug into an active drug. A limitation may be the diffusion of the active drug away from the antibody target site. A related strategy with radiotherapeutics entails enzymatically promoted conversion of a soluble to insoluble radiotherapeutic agent, thereby immobilizing the latter at the target site. Such a molecular brachytherapy has been scarcely investigated. In distinct research, the advent of molecular designs for aggregation-induced emission (AIE) suggests translational use in molecular brachytherapy. Here, several 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl)benzothiazole substrates that readily aggregate in aqueous solution (and afford AIE) were elaborated in this regard. In particular, (1) the 2-(2-hydroxyphenyl) unit was derivatized to bear a pegylated phosphodiester that imparts water solubility yet undergoes enzymatic cleavage, and (2) a p-phenol unit was attached to the benzo moiety to provide a reactive site for final-step iodination (here examined with natural abundance iodide). The pegylated phosphodiester-iodinated benzothiazole undergoes conversion from aqueous-soluble to aqueous-insoluble upon treatment with a phosphatase or phosphodiesterase. The aggregation is essential to molecular brachytherapy, whereas the induced emission of AIE is not essential but provides a convenient basis for research development. Altogether, 21 compounds were synthesized (18 new, 3 known via new routes). Taken together, blending biomedical strategies of enzyme prodrug therapy with materials chemistry concerning substances that undergo AIE may comprise a step forward on the long road toward molecular brachytherapy.
Collapse
|
14
|
Xu X, Zhang Z, Zhang Y, Jin L, Cheng Q, Liu F, Sun C. Theoretically unveiling the effect of solvent polarities on ESDPT mechanisms and photophysical properties of hydroxyanthraquinones. J Mol Model 2022; 28:389. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05383-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
15
|
Zhang Y, Shang C, Cao Y, Sun C. Quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics studies on the photoprotection mechanisms of three chalcones. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
16
|
Zhang Y, Shang C, Cao Y, Ma M, Sun C. Insights into the photophysical properties of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzazoles derivatives: Application of ESIPT mechanism on UV absorbers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121559. [PMID: 35777226 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In this present work, four novel molecules (BPN, BPNS, BPS, and BPSN), possessing excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) characteristics, were designed to quantify the impacts of substituent effects on their photophysical properties. By exploring the primary geometrical parameters concerning hydrogen bonds, it should be noticed that the intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs) of the studied molecules have been strengthened at S1 state. Infrared vibrational spectra analysis illustrates that adding electron-donating group thiophene to the proton donor side can weaken the IHBs in comparison to the electron-withdrawing group pyridine. Through investigating the absorption and fluorescence spectra, it can be clearly found that the maximum absorption peaks of the studied molecules are all located in the UVA region, and their regions of fluorescence peaks are harmless to human skin. Furthermore, considering the light intensity factor, it can be concluded that BPNS is the most potential to be used as UV absorbers in the studied molecules. This work investigates the effects of the positions and types of substituent groups on photophysical properties of 2-(2'-hydroxyphenyl) benzazoles derivatives, which can help design and exploit novel UV absorbers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yajie Zhang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Changjiao Shang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yunjian Cao
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Min Ma
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li X, Wang Q, Song L, Zhao J, Jin B. Effects of substitution and conjugation on ESIPT behavior of Schiff base derivatives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 279:121377. [PMID: 35617834 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The excited-state proton transfer (ESIPT) behavior of organic fluorophores has been of great interest due to their unique photophysical properties. In this work, we have focused on the excited state kinetic behavior of four Schiff base organic molecules (i.e. CPMP, CPMMP, CPMDP, and CPMN) in acetonitrile solvents. The electron-donating of substituents and conjugation effects on the photophysical properties and ESIPT process of the Schiff base derivatives are investigated by theoretical methods. The results show that the hydrogen bonds are all enhanced in the excited states, which could provide the impetus for the ESIPT process. To further reveal the reaction process of ESIPT, we have scanned the potential energy curves of the ESIPT process and compared the potential barriers. It is found that the stronger the substituents give electrons and the conjugation effects the more favorable the excited state proton transfer (ESIPT). In the meantime, this study paves the way for the development of new Schiff base materials based on ESIPT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Li
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Qiujie Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Liying Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Bing Jin
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Insight into the probe BTFMB responses to hydrogen peroxide switching on ESIPT reaction. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
19
|
Zhang X, Yuan H, Li Y. Theoretical investigation into the deciphering effects of atomic electronegativity on 2‐hydroxy‐phenyl‐tafamidis: A time‐dependent density functional theory study. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.202200255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering Jilin Engineering Normal University Changchun China
| | - Hengyi Yuan
- School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering Jilin Engineering Normal University Changchun China
| | - Yi Li
- School of Mechanical and Vehicular Engineering Jilin Engineering Normal University Changchun China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li C, Hu B, Cao Y, Li Y. Unveiling the dehydrogenation mechanism of dihydrogen‐bonded phenol‐borane‐dimethylamine complex in the ground and excited states. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chaozheng Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang China
| | - Bo Hu
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang China
| | - Yonghua Cao
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang China
| | - Yongfeng Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Song Y, Wang Q, Gao W, He Z, Wu Y. Effects of solvents on the excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer in 3‐HTC. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao‐Dong Song
- School of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Qian‐Ting Wang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing and Application Fuzhou Fujian China
- Sanming University Sanming Fujian China
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Die & Mold Fuzhou Fujian China
- Mould Technology Development Base of Fujian Province Fuzhou Fujian China
- Fuzhou Innovation Platform for Novel Materials and Mould Technology Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Wei‐wei Gao
- School of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Zhixiong He
- School of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian China
| | - Yan Wu
- School of Electronic, Electrical Engineering and Physics Fujian University of Technology Fuzhou Fujian China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhang Y, Ma M, Shang C, Cao Y, Sun C. Theoretical Study on the Atom-Substituted Quinazoline Derivatives with Faint Emission as Potential Sunscreens. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:14848-14855. [PMID: 35557698 PMCID: PMC9088953 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Two novel compounds (HQS and HQSe) with excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) properties were designed based on the compound 2-(2-hydroxy-3-ethoxyphenyl)-3H-quinazolin-4-one (HQ). The parameters related to the ESIPT properties and electronic spectra of HQ and its derivatives were calculated using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory methods. The obtained geometric configurations, infrared vibrational spectra, and reduced density gradient scatter plots have shown that the intramolecular hydrogen bond O1···H1-N1 has been weakened upon photoexcitation. Moreover, from the scanned potential energy curves, it can be found that the ESIPT processes of the three compounds have no energy barriers. It is noteworthy that HQS and HQSe can strongly absorb light in the UVA region (∼340 nm) and exhibit weak fluorescence emission in the visible light region, which comes from the keto configuration. The special optical properties of HQS and HQSe can promote their application as potential sunscreen agents.
Collapse
|
23
|
Zhao G, Shi W, Xin X, Ma F, Li Y. Solvent dependence of ESIPT process in 2-(2-carbonmethoxy-3,4-dichloro-6-hydroxyphenyl) compounds. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.118807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
24
|
Shang C, Cao Y, Sun C, Li Y. Comparison of the excited-state proton transfer and single electron transfer mechanisms of the natural antioxidant Juglone and its dimer 3,3′-bijuglone. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
|
25
|
Shang C, Cao Y, Sun C, Zhao H. Theoretical study on an intriguing excited-state proton transfer process induced by weakened intramolecular hydrogen bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8453-8462. [PMID: 35343537 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05584d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, we have systematically investigated the dual hydrogen-bonded system 2Z,2'Z-3,3'-(4,4'-methylenebis(4,1-phenylene)bis(azanediyl)bis(1,3-diphenylprop-2-en-1-one)) (abbreviated as L) utilizing quantum chemistry methods, in which the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) does not conform to the usual stereotype but proceeds along the weakened intramolecular hydrogen bonds (IHBs). Two primary configurations were confirmed to coexist in the ground state (i.e., anti-L and syn-L) by calculating the Boltzmann distribution in three different solvents. Based on the cardinal geometrical parameters involved in IHBs and the interaction region indicator (IRI) isosurface, it can be revealed that the dual IHBs of L were both weakened upon photoexcitation, not least the N1-H2⋯O3 IHB was utterly destroyed in the excited state. The proton-transfer process of anti and syn in three solvents with different polarities has been analyzed by constructing S0- and S1-state potential energy surfaces (PESs). It can be concluded that only the single proton transfer behavior along N1-H2⋯O3 occurs in the S1 state, and the corresponding energy barrier is gradually enlarged with increasing solvent polarity. To further expound the weakened IHB-induced ESIPT mechanism, the scanned PESs connecting the transition state (TS) structures and the initial forms indicate that the ESIPT process is infeasible without the appropriate structural torsion. Our work not only unveils the extraordinary ESIPT process of L, but also complements the results obtained from previous experiments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changjiao Shang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yunjian Cao
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Huifang Zhao
- School of Science, North University of China, Taiyuan 030051, China.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang H, Liu Q, Wang Y, Tang Z, Zhou P. Regulation of excited-state intramolecular proton transfer process and photophysical properties for benzoxazole isothiocyanate fluorescent dyes by changing atomic electronegativity. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2022. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2110209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is favored by researchers because of its unique optical properties. However, there are relatively few systematic studies on the effects of changing the electronegativity of atoms on the ESIPT process and photophysical properties. Therefore, we selected a series of benzoxazole isothiocyanate fluorescent dyes (2-HOB, 2-HSB, and 2-HSeB) by theoretical methods, and systematically studied the ESIPT process and photophysical properties by changing the electronegativity of chalcogen atoms. The calculated bond angle, bond length, energy gap, and infrared spectrum analysis show that the order of the strength of intramolecular hydrogen bonding of the three molecules is 2-HOB<2-HSB<2-HSeB. Correspondingly, the magnitude of the energy barrier of the potential energy curve is 2-HOB>2-HSB>2-HSeB. In addition, the calculated electronic spectrum shows that as the atomic electronegativity decreases, the emission spectrum has a redshift. Therefore, this work will offer certain theoretical guidance for the synthesis and application of new dyes based on ESIPT properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Qingtong Liu
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Yiying Wang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Zhe Tang
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Shang C, Cao Y, Sun C, Li Y. Unveiling the influence of atomic electronegativity on the double ESIPT processes of uralenol: A theoretical study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 268:120660. [PMID: 34857463 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the effects of atomic electronegativity (O, S, and Se atoms) on the competitive double excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reactions and photophysical characteristics of uralenol (URA) were systematically explored by using the density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) methods. The calculated hydrogen bond parameters, infrared (IR) vibrational spectra, reduced density gradient (RDG) scatter plots, interaction region indicator (IRI) isosurface and topology parameters have confirmed the six-membered intramolecular hydrogen bond (IHB) O4H5…O3 is the stronger one in all the three studied compounds. Subsequently, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis essentially uncover that the electron redistribution has induced the ESIPT process. Besides, the constructed potential energy curves (PECs) have indicated that the ESIPT process prefers to occur along the O4H5…O3 rather than the O1H2…O3 and the proton-transfer energy barrier is gradually decreased with the weakening of atomic electronegativity from URA to URA-S and URA-Se. In a conclusion, the attenuating of atomic electronegativity has enhanced the IHBs of URA and thereby promoting the ESIPT reaction, which is helpful for further developing novel fluorophores based on ESIPT behavior in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Changjiao Shang
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yunjian Cao
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Yuanzuo Li
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Yu X, Cao Y, Li Y, Cui J, Sun C. Substituent effect induced the distinctive ESIPT reaction and photophysical property of N-salycilidene-5-chloroaminopyridine. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
29
|
Meng X, Song L, Han H, Zhao J, Zheng D. Solvent polarity dependent ESIPT behavior for the novel flavonoid-based solvatofluorochromic chemosensors. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 265:120383. [PMID: 34536893 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we explore the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) mechanisms and relative solvent effects for three novel 3-hydroxylflavone derivatives (i.e., HOF, SHOF, and NSHOF) in acetonitrile, dichloromethane, and toluene solvents. Through calculations, we optimize the structures of HOF, SHOF, and NSHOF. Through the analysis of a series of structural parameters related to hydrogen bonding interactions, it could be found that the hydrogen bonds of the three derivatives are all enhanced in the S1 state, and more importantly, the excited-state hydrogen bonds of HOF are stronger than those of SHOF and NSHOF. In order to explore the effects of solvent polarity, we analyze the core-valence bifurcation (CVB) index, infrared (IR) vibration spectrum, and the potential energy curves. We find that for HOF, SHOF, and NSHOF, the strength of the excited-state hydrogen bonds increases as the solvent polarity decreases. The solvent polarity dependent ESIPT mechanisms pave the way for further designing novel flavonoid-based solvatofluorochromic probes in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Meng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Liying Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Haiyun Han
- People's Hospital of Dingtao District, Heze, Shandong Province 274199, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Daoyuan Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Song L, Meng X, Zhao J, Han H, Zheng D. Effects of azole rings with different chalcogen atoms on ESIPT behavior for benzochalcogenazolyl-substituted hydroxyfluorenes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 264:120296. [PMID: 34454130 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
ESIPT behavior has attracted a lot of eyes of researchers in recent years because of its unique optical properties. Due to its large Stokes shift and double emission fluorescence, white light can be generated in the fluorophore based on the excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) principle. The excited state proton transfer behavior of hydroxylated benzoxazole (BO-OH), benzothiazole (BS-OH) and benzoselenazole (BSe-OH) have been investigated in heptane, chloroform and DMF solvents. By comparing the infrared vibration spectra and the variation of bond parameters from the S0 to S1 states, and analyzing the frontier molecular orbitals, the influence of hydrogen bond dynamics, the solvent polarity, charge redistribution and the effects of different proton acceptors on proton transfer were observed. The only structural difference among the three substituted hydroxyfluorenes is the heteroatom in the azole ring (oxygen, sulfur and selenium, respectively). We have scanned the potential energy curve of the ESIPT process, and compared the potential barrier, it is found that the heavier chalcogen atoms are more favorable for proton transfer. At the same time, the potential application of changing heteroatoms in the azole ring by walking down the chalcogenic group in crystal luminescence color regulation is also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Xuan Meng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| | - Haiyun Han
- People's Hospital of Dingtao District, Heze, Shandong Province 274199, China
| | - Daoyuan Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Song L, Meng X, Han H, Zhao J, Zheng D. Theoretical regulation of ESIPT behavior by varying the π-expansion of proton acceptor for substituted hydroxyl fluorenes. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
32
|
Yan HW, Zhao LH, Zhang X, Yang YN, Yuan X, Zhang PC. Photoinduced Irreversible Intramolecular Proton Transfer of Arnebinones B, D, and E: The Case of Photoenolization at the p-Benzoquinone-CH 2/CH-π System. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2021; 84:2981-2989. [PMID: 34784203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.1c00830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Arnebinones B, E, and D (1-3) have been found to be sensitive to light, generating complex and diverse proton transfer products when triggered by light. A unique two-step irreversible intramolecular proton transfer of 1 produced five scalemic mixtures, of which four possessed intriguing dual planar chirality. The unprecedented orientation epimerization equilibrium of the intra-annular double bond was first observed and researched in the homologous meroterpenoids by HPLC monitoring and DFT calculations. A "p-benzoquinone-CH2/CH-π" moiety in the structure was the common key feature for the occurrence of this type of photoenolization reaction. The product transformation processes and universality of this photoinduced irreversible proton transfer reaction were analyzed together with the cytotoxic activities of arnebinones B, D, and E, and their photoreaction products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ling-Hao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ya-Nan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Pei-Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Song L, Meng X, Zhao J, Han H, Zheng D. Excited-state intramolecular double proton transfer mechanism associated with solvent polarity for 9,9-dimethyl-3,6-dihydroxy-2,7-bis(4,5-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-2-oxazolyl)fluorene compound. Mol Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2021.2007307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Song
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuan Meng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinfeng Zhao
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haiyun Han
- People's Hospital of Dingtao District, Heze, People’s Republic of China
| | - Daoyuan Zheng
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhang F, Zhao J, Li C. Effect of benzene ring on the excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer mechanisms of hydroxyquinoline derivatives. J PHYS ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/poc.4257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Henan Institute of Technology Xinxiang China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Intelligent Systems Engineering Henan Institute of Technology Xinxiang China
| | - Chaozheng Li
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Henan Institute of Science and Technology Xinxiang China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Cao Y, Wang L, Liu Z, Sun C, Li Y. Theoretical study on the sensing mechanism of chalcone-based fluorescence probe for detecting hydrogen sulfide and biothiols. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03052c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The single fluorescence phenomenon of Comp2 experimentally is explained by the Boltzmann distribution. Pr1 has three distorted dihedral angles under photo-excitation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjian Cao
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ziqi Liu
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Chaofan Sun
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yuanzuo Li
- College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|