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Chen Q, Tao W, Wang J, Li J, Zheng M, Liu Y, Lu S, Fang Z. Inhibitive Mechanism of Loquat Flower Isolate on Tyrosinase Activity and Melanin Synthesis in Mouse Melanoma B16 Cells. Biomolecules 2024; 14:895. [PMID: 39199283 PMCID: PMC11352878 DOI: 10.3390/biom14080895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanin naturally exists in organisms and is synthetized by tyrosinase (TYR); however, its over-production may lead to aberrant pigmentation and skin conditions. Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.) flowers contain a variety of bioactive compounds, while studies on their suppressive capabilities against melanin synthesis are limited. Loquat flower isolate product (LFP) was obtained by ethanol extraction and resin purification, and its inhibitory efficiency against TYR activity was investigated by enzyme kinetics and multiple spectroscopy analyses. In addition, the impact of LFP on melanin synthesis-related proteins' expression in mouse melanoma B16 cells was analyzed using Western blotting. HPLC-MS/MS analysis indicated that LFP was composed of 137 compounds, of which 12 compounds, including flavonoids (quercetin, isorhamnoin, p-coumaric acid, etc.) and cinnamic acid and its derivatives, as well as benzene and its derivatives, might have TYR inhibitory activities. LFP inhibited TYR activity in a concentration-dependent manner with its IC50 value being 2.8 mg/mL. The inhibition was an anti-competitive one through altering the enzyme's conformation rather than chelating copper ions at the active center. LFP reduced the expression of TYR, tyrosinase-related protein (TRP) 1, and TRP2 in melanoma B16 cells, hence inhibiting the synthesis of melanin. The research suggested that LFP had the potential to reduce the risks of hyperpigmentation caused by tyrosinase and provided a foundation for the utilization of loquat flower as a natural resource in the development of beauty and aging-related functional products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (Q.C.); (W.T.); (J.L.); (M.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Wenyang Tao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (Q.C.); (W.T.); (J.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Jianfeng Wang
- Xingzhi College, Zhejiang Normal University, Lanxi 321100, China
| | - Jingrui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (Q.C.); (W.T.); (J.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Meiyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (Q.C.); (W.T.); (J.L.); (M.Z.)
| | - Yinying Liu
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.L.); (Z.F.)
| | - Shengmin Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Fruit and Vegetables Postharvest and Processing Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Key Laboratory of Post-Harvest Handling of Fruits, Institute of Food Science, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China; (Q.C.); (W.T.); (J.L.); (M.Z.)
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
| | - Zhongxiang Fang
- School of Agriculture, Food, and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; (Y.L.); (Z.F.)
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Chen D, Ji Y, Sun S, Pu S. A turn-on fluorescence probe for imaging tyrosinase at the wound site in broken tail of zebrafish. Bioorg Chem 2024; 146:107298. [PMID: 38503025 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Tyrosinase (TYR) is a copper-containing oxidase that affects the synthesis of melanin in the human body, which is regulate to the pigmentation of the skin. Nevertheless, abnormal expression of TYR can lead to albinism, vitiligo and other skin diseases. Excessive accumulation of TYR is a marker of melanoma cancer and an important factor leading to pigmentation during wound healing, freckles and browning of fruits and vegetables. Efficient tracking of TYR is of significance for studying its pathophysiological mechanism. Herein, we synthesized a benzindole-based fluorescent probe Pro-OH to detect TYR in living cells and zebrafish. The probe displayed a high selectivity and sensitivity in distinguishing TYR from other analytes with the low detection limit of 1.024 U/mL. Importantly, Pro-OH was successfully used to imagine TYR at the wound site of broken tail of zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingguo Chen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Yuan Ji
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China.
| | - Shiran Sun
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China
| | - Shouzhi Pu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal University, Nanchang 330013, PR China; Institute of Carbon Neutral New Energy Research, Yuzhang Normal University, Nanchang 330031, PR China.
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Liu Y, Zhou S, Liu Z. Synthesis, structure, photophysical property, stability of tetraphenylethylene-based boranil, and applications in cell imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123730. [PMID: 38061107 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
A new family of tetraphenylethylene-based N,O-chelated boranil complexes (TPE-BAs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics were developed. X-ray crystallographic analysis indicated that the terminal substituents on the aniline moiety significantly affected the intermolecular stacking mode, thereby influencing the photophysical properties. The stabilities of these compounds are closely related to the substituents on the aniline moiety. Electron-donor-substituted TPE-BA-OMe exhibited the best stability, whereas the electron-acceptor-substituted compounds exhibited poor stability. Benefitting from its AIE properties and suitable lipophilicity, TPE-BA-OMe served as an excellent fluorescent probe for the specific bioimaging of lipid droplets in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Shimin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China; Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University, Shenzhen 518057, China.
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Lin P, Jiang S, Liu T, Yuan X, Luo K, Xie C, Zhao X, Zhou L. Activatable fluorescent probes for early diagnosis and evaluation of liver injury. Analyst 2024; 149:638-664. [PMID: 38170876 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01631e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the increase in people's living standards, the number of patients suffering from liver injury keeps on increasing. Traditional diagnostic methods can no longer meet the needs of early and accurate diagnosis due to their limitations in application. However, fluorescent probes based on different fluorophores and nanomaterials have been gradually lighting up medical research due to their unique properties, such as high specificity and non-invasiveness. In addition, accurate identification of the different types of liver injury biomarkers can significantly improve the level of early diagnosis. Therefore, this review reviews the fluorescent probes used in the detection of biomarkers of liver injury over recent years and briefly summarizes the corresponding biomarkers of different types of liver injury. Impressively, this review also lists the structures and the response mechanisms of the different probes, and concludes with an outlook, suggesting directions in which improvements can be made. Finally, we hope that this review will contribute to the further development of fluorescent probes for the early diagnosis and assessment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxu Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Shali Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Xiaomin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Kun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Can Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Xiongjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Fluorescent molecular probes for imaging and detection of oxidases and peroxidases in biological samples. Methods 2023; 210:20-35. [PMID: 36634727 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymeth.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidases and peroxidases are two subclasses of oxidoreductases. The abnormal expression of oxidases (such as tyrosinase, cytochrome P450 oxidases, and monoamine oxidases) and peroxidases (such as glutathione peroxidase, myeloperoxidase, and eosinophil peroxidase) is relative with some diseases. Therefore, the analysis of oxidases and peroxidases is great important for disease diagnosis and treatment. Fluorescent probes present simple protocol, high sensitivity and good stability in sensing field. Molecule fluorescent probes are constructed with chemical groups that tunes their fluorescence emission in response to binding events, chemical reactions, and the surrounding environment. A fluorescent probe is an efficient tool for visualizing the activity of enzymes in living organisms on the basis of its high specificity, sensitivity, and noninvasiveness characteristics. In this review, we focus on the sensing of oxidases and peroxidases by molecule fluorescent probes, and hope to bring new insight to wide researchers about oxidases and peroxidases in biological samples.
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