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Armoon B, Higgs P, Bayat AH, Bayani A, Mohammadi R, Ahounbar E. HIV risk perception and risk taking among people who inject drugs in Saveh, in Central Iran: findings from a national study. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2022.2144503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Peter Higgs
- Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Amir-Hossien Bayat
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran
| | - Azadeh Bayani
- Student Research Committee, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasool Mohammadi
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Nutrition, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Elaheh Ahounbar
- Orygen, The National Center of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Center for Youth Mental Health, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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Oraka E, Mason S, Xia M. Too old to test? Prevalence and correlates of HIV testing among sexually active older adults. JOURNAL OF GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIAL WORK 2018; 61:460-470. [PMID: 29583105 DOI: 10.1080/01634372.2018.1454565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Older adults account for 17% of new HIV diagnoses in the US and are more likely to be diagnosed with HIV later in the course of the disease compared to younger people. We calculated the prevalence and associated factors of having ever been tested for HIV among sexually active older adults. We analyzed data from the 2008-2016 General Social Survey Limited to respondents ≥65 years of age who reported more than one sex partner(s) in past 12 months (n = 757). HIV testing prevalence, prevalence ratios, and 95% confidence intervals were calculated by demographic variables and HIV-related risk behaviors. An estimated 16.3% of sexually active older adults have tested for HIV, and 15.9% were at increased risk for HIV infection (reported injection drug and/or crack-cocaine use, exchanging money for sex, more than three sex partners in the past year, or men who reported having sex with another man). In the adjusted model, adults aged 65-70, not married, self-identified as gay/bisexual, and at increased risk for HIV infection were more likely to have tested for HIV. An estimated 83.7% of sexually active older adults never tested for HIV. Strategies are needed to increase HIV awareness and testing among potentially high-risk older adults.
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Armoon B, Noroozi M, Jorjoran Shushtari Z, Sharhani A, Ahounbar E, Karimi S, Ahmadi S, Farhoudian A, Rahmani A, Abbasi M, Marshal BD, Rezaei O, Rezaei F, Sharifi H, Najafi M, Bazrafshan A, Farhadi MH. Factors associated with HIV risk perception among people who inject drugs: Findings from a cross-sectional behavioral survey in Kermanshah, Iran. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/14659891.2017.1348554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Student Research Committee, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Noroozi
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Jorjoran Shushtari
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asaad Sharhani
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elahe Ahounbar
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Salahedin Karimi
- Department of Social Welfare Management, School of Education and Social Welfare, Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Sina Ahmadi
- Department of Social Welfare Management, School of Education and Social Welfare, Student Research Committee, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, IR Iran
| | - Ali Farhoudian
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azam Rahmani
- Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Abbasi
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Brandon D.L. Marshal
- Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, Rhode Island, USA
| | - Omid Rezaei
- Psychosis Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Rezaei
- Department of Social Medicine, Medical School, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Hamid Sharifi
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Najafi
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Bazrafshan
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Farhadi
- Substance Abuse and Dependence Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Elliott JC, Hasin DS, Des Jarlais DC. Perceived risk for severe outcomes and drinking status among drug users with HIV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). Addict Behav 2016; 63:57-62. [PMID: 27423099 PMCID: PMC4998042 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2016.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Among drug users with HIV and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections, heavy drinking can pose significant risks to health. Yet many drug users with HIV and HCV drink heavily. Clarifying the relationship of drug-using patients' understanding of their illnesses to their drinking behavior could facilitate more effective intervention with these high-risk groups. METHOD Among samples of drug users infected with HIV (n=476; 70% male) and HCV (n=1145; 81% male) recruited from drug treatment clinics, we investigated whether patients' perceptions of the risk for severe outcomes related to HIV and HCV were associated with their personal drinking behavior, using generalized logit models. Interactions with co-infection status were also explored. RESULTS HIV-infected drug users who believed that HIV held highest risk for serious outcomes were the most likely to be risky drinkers, when compared with those with less severe perceptions, X(2)(6)=14.19, p<0.05. In contrast, HCV-infected drug users who believed that HCV held moderate risk for serious outcomes were the most likely to be risky drinkers, X(2)(6)=12.98, p<0.05. CONCLUSIONS In this sample of drug users, risky drinking was most common among those with HIV who believed that severe outcomes were inevitable, suggesting that conveying the message that HIV always leads to severe outcomes may be counterproductive in decreasing risky drinking in this group. However, risky drinking was most common among those with HCV who believed that severe outcomes were somewhat likely. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms of these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Elliott
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY 10032, USA.
| | - Deborah S Hasin
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY 10032, USA; New York State Psychiatric Institute, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 123, New York, NY 10032, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Don C Des Jarlais
- Professor of Psychiatry and Preventive Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 39 Broadway, Suite 530, New York NY 10006
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Montoya JL, Cattie J, Morgan E, Woods SP, Cherner M, Moore DJ, Atkinson JH, Grant I. The impact of age, HIV serostatus and seroconversion on methamphetamine use. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2016; 42:168-77. [PMID: 26837461 DOI: 10.3109/00952990.2015.1114625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Characterizing methamphetamine use in relation to age, HIV serostatus and seroconversion is pertinent given the increasingly older age of the population with HIV and the intertwined epidemics of methamphetamine use and HIV. OBJECTIVES Study aims were to investigate whether (i) methamphetamine use differs by age and HIV serostatus, and (ii) receiving an HIV diagnosis impacts methamphetamine use among younger and older persons with HIV. METHODS This study examined methamphetamine use characteristics among 217 individuals with a lifetime methamphetamine dependence diagnosis who completed an in-person study assessment. RESULTS Multivariable regressions revealed that HIV serostatus uniquely attenuates methamphetamine use, such that persons with HIV report a smaller cumulative quantity (β = -0.16, p = 0.01) and a fewer number of days (β = -0.18, p = 0.004) of methamphetamine use than persons without HIV. Among the HIV+ sample, all participants persisted in methamphetamine use after receiving an HIV diagnosis, with about 20% initiating use after seroconversion. Repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that density of methamphetamine use (i.e. grams per day used) was greater among the younger, relative to the older, HIV+ group (p = 0.02), and increased for both age groups following seroconversion (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION These analyses indicate that although HIV serostatus may attenuate methamphetamine use behaviors, many people with HIV initiate, or persist in, methamphetamine use after receiving an HIV diagnosis. These findings raise the question of whether tailoring of prevention and intervention strategies might reduce the impact of methamphetamine and HIV across the age continuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica L Montoya
- a Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Jordan Cattie
- a Clinical Psychology, San Diego State University/University of California, San Diego Joint Doctoral Program , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Erin Morgan
- b Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center, Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - Steven Paul Woods
- b Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center, Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - Mariana Cherner
- b Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center, Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - David J Moore
- b Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center, Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
| | - J Hampton Atkinson
- b Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center, Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA.,c VA San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA
| | - Igor Grant
- b Translational Methamphetamine AIDS Research Center, Department of Psychiatry , School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , CA , USA
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- c VA San Diego Healthcare System , San Diego , CA , USA
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Lorenc A, Robinson N. A review of the use of complementary and alternative medicine and HIV: issues for patient care. AIDS Patient Care STDS 2013; 27:503-10. [PMID: 23991688 DOI: 10.1089/apc.2013.0175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV/AIDS is a chronic illness, with a range of physical symptoms and psychosocial issues. The complex health and social issues associated with living with HIV mean that people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) have historically often turned to complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). This article provides an overview of the literature on HIV and CAM. Databases were searched using keywords for CAM and HIV from inception to December 2012. Articles in English and in Western countries were included; letters, commentaries, news articles, articles on specific therapies and basic science studies were excluded. Of the 282 articles identified, 94 were included. Over half reported prevalence and determinants of CAM use. Lifetime use of CAM by PLWHA ranged from 30% to 90%, with national studies suggesting CAM is used by around 55% of PLWHA, practitioner-based CAM by 15%. Vitamins, herbs, and supplements were most common, followed by prayer, meditation, and spiritual approaches. CAM use was predicted by length of time since HIV diagnosis, and a greater number of medications/symptoms, with CAM often used to address limitations or problems with antiretroviral therapy. CAM users rarely rejected conventional medicine, but a number of CAM can have potentially serious side effects or interactions with ART. CAM was used as a self-management approach, providing PLWHA with an active role in their healthcare and sense of control. Clinicians, particularly nurses, should consider discussing CAM with patients as part of patient-centered care, to encourage valuable self-management and ensure patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Lorenc
- London South Bank University, London, United Kingdom
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Sankar A, Nevedal A, Neufeld S, Berry R, Luborsky M. What do we know about older adults and HIV? A review of social and behavioral literature. AIDS Care 2011; 23:1187-207. [PMID: 21939401 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2011.564115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The fastest growing segment of the United States HIV population is people aged 50 and older. This heterogeneous group includes people with diverse pathways into HIV positive status in later life, including aging with the disease as well as later life-acquired infections. As people with HIV live into older ages, solving problems of successful secondary prevention and ongoing treatment requires more specific knowledge of the particular aging-related contextual sociocultural, psychosocial, and personal factors salient to the situations of persons living with HIV. Greater knowledge of these factors will help solve challenges to reducing psychological burden and promoting health maintenance for people with HIV. Yet, the current literature on aging and HIV remains nascent. To assess the state of knowledge of the sociocultural and behavioral factors associated with aging with HIV, we conducted a systematic critical content review of peer-reviewed social and behavioral research on aging and HIV to answer the question, "How have older age, and social, cultural, and behavioral aspects of the intersection of HIV and age been addressed in the literature?" We searched First Search, Proquest, Psych Info, Pub Med, Wilson Select Plus, and World Cat and identified 1549 articles. We then reviewed these to select peer-reviewed articles reporting results of research on the social and behavioral aspects of living with HIV at age 50 and older. Fifty-eight publications were identified that met study inclusion criteria. While few publications reported clear age-related differences, there were significant ethnic differences in living with HIV in later life and also differences among older people when groups were defined by mode of transmission. Findings are discussed in light of constructs from gerontology which may contribute to clarifying how later life, life course stage, and psychological development intersect with, influence, and are influenced by HIV disease and long-term anti-retroviral therapy use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Sankar
- Department of Anthropology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Desselle SP. The birth of Research in Social & Administrative Pharmacy: a sincere welcome to subscribers, readers, and authors. Res Social Adm Pharm 2007; 1:1-4. [PMID: 17138462 DOI: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2004.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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