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Guati C, Gómez-Coma L, Fallanza M, Ortiz I. Optimized Copper-Based Microfeathers for Glucose Detection. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:1032. [PMID: 38131792 PMCID: PMC10741577 DOI: 10.3390/bios13121032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is expected to rise substantially by 2045, prompting extensive research into accessible glucose electrochemical sensors, especially those based on non-enzymatic materials. In this context, advancing the knowledge of stable metal-based compounds as alternatives to non-enzymatic sensors becomes a scientific challenge. Nonetheless, these materials have encountered difficulties in maintaining stable responses under physiological conditions. This work aims to advance knowledge related to the synthesis and characterization of copper-based electrodes for glucose detection. The microelectrode presented here exhibits a wide linear range and a sensitivity of 1009 µA∙cm-2∙mM-1, overperfoming the results reported in literature so far. This electrode material has also demonstrated outstanding results in terms of reproducibility, repeatability, and stability, thereby meeting ISO 15197:2015 standards. Our study guides future research on next-generation sensors that combine copper with other materials to enhance activity in neutral media.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Inmaculada Ortiz
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain; (C.G.); (L.G.-C.); (M.F.)
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2
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Kozak J, Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Wójciak M, Sowa I, Rotko M. Electrochemically Pretreated Sensor Based on Screen-Printed Carbon Modified with Pb Nanoparticles for Determination of Testosterone. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15144948. [PMID: 35888414 PMCID: PMC9320313 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Testosterone (TST), despite its good properties, may be harmful to the human organism and the environment. Therefore, monitoring biological fluids and environmental samples is important. An electrochemically pretreated screen-printed carbon sensor modified with Pb nanoparticles (pSPCE/PbNPs) was successfully prepared and used for the determination of TST. The surface morphology and electrochemical properties of unmodified and modified sensors were characterized by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Selective determinations of TST at the pSPCE/PbNPs were carried out by differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry (DPAdSV, EPb dep.and TST acc. of −1.1 V, t Pb dep.and TST acc. of 120 s, ΔEA of 50 mV, ν of 175 mV s−1, and tm of 5 ms) in a solution containing 0.075 mol L−1 acetate buffer of pH = 4.6 ± 0.1, and 7.5 × 10−5 mol L−1 Pb(NO3)2. The analytical signal obtained at the potential around −1.42 V (vs. silver pseudo-reference electrode) is related to the reduction process of TST adsorbed onto the electrode surface. The use of pSPCE/PbNPs allows obtaining a very low limit of TST detection (2.2 × 10−12 mol L−1) and wide linear ranges of the calibration graph (1.0 × 10−11–1.0 × 10−10, 1.0 × 10−10–2.0 × 10−9, and 2.0 × 10−9–2.0 × 10−8 mol L−1). The pSPCE/PbNPs were successfully applied for the determination of TST in reference material of human urine and wastewater purified in a sewage treatment plant without preliminary preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jędrzej Kozak
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.R.)
| | - Katarzyna Tyszczuk-Rotko
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Magdalena Wójciak
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Ireneusz Sowa
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland; (M.W.); (I.S.)
| | - Marek Rotko
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in Lublin, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (J.K.); (M.R.)
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3
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Abstract
Screen-printed electrodes-based sensors can be successfully used to determine all kinds of analytes with great precision and specificity. However, obtaining a high-quality sensor can be difficult due to factors such as lack of reproducibility, surface contamination or other manufacturing challenges. An important step in ensuring reproducible results is the cleaning step. The aim of the current work is to help researchers around the world who struggle with finding the most suitable method for cleaning screen-printed electrodes. We evaluated the cleaning efficiency of different chemical compounds and cleaning methods using cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The percentage differences in polarization resistance (Rp) before and after cleaning were as follows: acetone—35.33% for gold and 49.94 for platinum; ethanol—44.50% for gold and 81.68% for platinum; H2O2—47.34% for gold and 92.78% for platinum; electrochemical method—3.70% for gold and 67.96% for platinum. Thus, we concluded that all the evaluated cleaning methods seem to improve the surface of both gold and platinum electrodes; however, the most important reduction in the polarization resistance (Rp) was obtained after treating them with a solution of H2O2 and multiple CV cycles with a low scanning speed (10 mV/s).
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4
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Tyszczuk-Rotko K, Kozak J, Czech B. Screen-Printed Voltammetric Sensors-Tools for Environmental Water Monitoring of Painkillers. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:s22072437. [PMID: 35408052 PMCID: PMC9003516 DOI: 10.3390/s22072437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The dynamic production and usage of pharmaceuticals, mainly painkillers, indicates the growing problem of environmental contamination. Therefore, the monitoring of pharmaceutical concentrations in environmental samples, mostly aquatic, is necessary. This article focuses on applying screen-printed voltammetric sensors for the voltammetric determination of painkillers residues, including non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, paracetamol, and tramadol in environmental water samples. The main advantages of these electrodes are simplicity, reliability, portability, small instrumental setups comprising the three electrodes, and modest cost. Moreover, the electroconductivity, catalytic activity, and surface area can be easily improved by modifying the electrode surface with carbon nanomaterials, polymer films, or electrochemical activation.
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5
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Comparing electrochemical pre-treated 3D printed native and mechanically polished electrode surfaces for analytical sensing. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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Non-Enzymatic Amperometric Glucose Screen-Printed Sensors Based on Copper and Copper Oxide Particles. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112210830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Non-enzymatic amperometric glucose sensors have gained much attention in the past decade because of the better chemical and thermal stability and biocompatibility compared to conventional sensors based on the use of biomolecules. This study focuses on a novel copper and copper oxide-based glucose sensor synthesized by an electrodeposition technique through a rigorous protocol which reports an excellent analytical performance due to its structure and its increased active area. In addition, the linear response range, detection limit and sensitivity were 0.5–5.0 mmol L−1, 0.002 mmol L−1, 904 μA mmol−1 L−1 cm−2, respectively. Results show a reliable electrode as it is chemically stable, exhibits rapid and excellent sensitivity, and it is not significantly affected by coexisting species present in the blood samples; furthermore, it reports a maximum relative standard deviation error (RSD) of 6%, and showed long operating life as the electrode was used for thousand measurements of 4.0 mmol L−1 glucose solution during three days.
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Lv Y, Sun J, Qiao S, Zhang M, Li J. A facile, inexpensive and green electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of imidacloprid residue in rice using activated electrodes. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3649-3658. [PMID: 34368826 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00984b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of sensitive, facile, cost-effective and eco-friendly sensors is essential for monitoring imidacloprid (IDP) residue on a large scale. Compared with popular modification of electrodes with advanced materials, electrochemical activation is promising at this point. In this paper, we found that strongly basic electrolytes (e.g. KOH and K3PO4) and applying cyclic potential during the activating process are beneficial to greatly amplify the electro-reduction response of IDP by nearly 16 times. Combining the characterization of activated electrodes with electrochemical behavior analysis of IDP, it is speculated that specific oxygen-contained functional groups were formed to bond with IDP molecules, leading to fast electron transfer kinetics. Then a sensitive IDP sensor has been developed with a low limit of detection (LOD) of 0.03 μM in the range of 0.1-100 μM. The methodological evaluation including reproducibility, stability and recovery has been also carefully studied, verifying the potential of proposed activated electrodes for application in rice samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Lv
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, No. 22 Xinong Road, Yangling, Shanxi 712100, China.
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8
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Adsetts JR, Chu K, Hesari M, Ma J, Ding Z. Absolute Electrochemiluminescence Efficiency Quantification Strategy Exemplified with Ru(bpy) 32+ in the Annihilation Pathway. Anal Chem 2021; 93:11626-11633. [PMID: 34387457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a thorough guide to procedures for absolute electrochemiluminescence (ECL) quantum efficiency (ΦECL) measurements, which if employed effectively should raise the research impact of ECL studies for any luminophore. Absolute measurements are not currently employed in ECL research. Instead, ECL efficiencies have been determined relative to Ru(bpy)32+ under similar conditions, regardless of whether the conditions are favorable for Ru(bpy)32+ emissions or not. In fact, the most cited Ru(bpy)32+ ΦECL is from the pioneering work by the Bard research group in 1973 by means of a rotating ring-disk electrode revolving at 52 rotations per second measured with a silicon photodiode. Our presented technique uses a common disk electrode, spectrometer, and photomultiplier tube to measure the ΦECL. The more common light detection hardware and electrodes combined with an in-depth calculation walkthrough will provide ECL researchers the necessary tools to implement ΦECL measurement procedures in their own laboratories. Following a facile instrument setup and calculation, a systematic study of Ru(bpy)32+ ΦECL finds comparable results to those performed by Bard and co-workers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Adsetts
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Kenneth Chu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Mahdi Hesari
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Jing Ma
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, Ontario N6A 5B7, Canada
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9
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Li Z, Xu Y, Ma K, Liu L, Xi J, Guan T, Li F, Zhou C, Zhong S, He Y. In situ detection of electrochemical reaction by weak measurement. OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 29:19292-19304. [PMID: 34266041 DOI: 10.1364/oe.426345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In the field of electrochemical energy storage systems, the use of in situ detection technology helps to study the mechanism of electrochemical reaction. Our group has previously in situ detected the electrochemical reaction in vanadium flow batteries by total internal reflection (TIR) imaging. In order to further improve the detection resolution, in this study, the weak measurement (WM) method was introduced to in situ detect the electrochemical reaction during the linear sweep voltammetry or the cyclic voltammetry tests with quantitative measurement of the absolute current density, which lays a foundation for replacing the TIR for two-dimensional imaging of electrochemical reactions in vanadium flow batteries, oxygen/hydrogen evolution reaction, surface treatments, electrochemical corrosion and so on.
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10
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Zeitoun R, Adamchuk V, Warland J, Biswas A. Paper-polished carbon screen-printed electrodes increase reusability and enhance performance in phosphomolybdate electrochemical detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Attoye B, Baker MJ, Thomson F, Pou C, Corrigan DK. Optimisation of an Electrochemical DNA Sensor for Measuring KRAS G12D and G13D Point Mutations in Different Tumour Types. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11020042. [PMID: 33562505 PMCID: PMC7914712 DOI: 10.3390/bios11020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) is widely used in liquid biopsies due to having a presence in the blood that is typically in proportion to the stage of the cancer and because it may present a quick and practical method of capturing tumour heterogeneity. This paper outlines a simple electrochemical technique adapted towards point-of-care cancer detection and treatment monitoring from biofluids using a label-free detection strategy. The mutations used for analysis were the KRAS G12D and G13D mutations, which are both important in the initiation, progression and drug resistance of many human cancers, leading to a high mortality rate. A low-cost DNA sensor was developed to specifically investigate these common circulating tumour markers. Initially, we report on some developments made in carbon surface pre-treatment and the electrochemical detection scheme which ensure the most sensitive measurement technique is employed. Following pre-treatment of the sensor to ensure homogeneity, DNA probes developed specifically for detection of the KRAS G12D and G13D mutations were immobilized onto low-cost screen printed carbon electrodes using diazonium chemistry and 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxysuccinimide coupling. Prior to electrochemical detection, the sensor was functionalised with target DNA amplified by standard and specialist PCR methodologies (6.3% increase). Assay development steps and DNA detection experiments were performed using standard voltammetry techniques. Sensitivity (as low as 0.58 ng/μL) and specificity (>300%) was achieved by detecting mutant KRAS G13D PCR amplicons against a background of wild-type KRAS DNA from the representative cancer sample and our findings give rise to the basis of a simple and very low-cost system for measuring ctDNA biomarkers in patient samples. The current time to receive results from the system was 3.5 h with appreciable scope for optimisation, thus far comparing favourably to the UK National Health Service biopsy service where patients can wait for weeks for biopsy results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bukola Attoye
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK;
- Correspondence:
| | - Matthew J. Baker
- Technology and Innovation Centre, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, UK;
| | - Fiona Thomson
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (F.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Chantevy Pou
- Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Centre, Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G61 1QH, UK; (F.T.); (C.P.)
| | - Damion K. Corrigan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, 40 George Street, Glasgow G1 1QE, UK;
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12
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Recent advances on metal nitride materials as emerging electrochemical sensors: A mini review. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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13
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Cardoso RM, Rocha DP, Rocha RG, Stefano JS, Silva RAB, Richter EM, Muñoz RAA. 3D-printing pen versus desktop 3D-printers: Fabrication of carbon black/polylactic acid electrodes for single-drop detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1132:10-19. [PMID: 32980099 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The fabrication of carbon black/polylactic acid (PLA) electrodes using a 3D printing pen is presented and compared with electrodes obtained by a desktop fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printer. The 3D pen was used for the fast production of electrodes in two designs using customized 3D printed parts to act as template and guide the reproducible application of the 3D pen: (i) a single working electrode at the bottom of a 3D-printed cylindrical body and (ii) a three-electrode system on a 3D-printed planar substrate. Both devices were electrochemically characterized using the redox probe [Fe(CN)6]3-/4- via cyclic voltammetry, which presented similar performance to an FDM 3D-printed electrode or a commercial screen-printed carbon electrode (SPE) regarding peak-to-peak separation (ΔEp) and current density. The surface treatment of the carbon black/PLA electrodes fabricated by both 3D pen and FDM 3D-printing procedures provided substantial improvement of the electrochemical activity by removing excess of PLA, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopic images for electrodes fabricated by both procedures. Structural defects were not inserted after the electrochemical treatment as shown by Raman spectra (iD/iG), which indicates that the use of 3D pen can replace desktop 3D printers for electrode fabrication. Inter-electrode precision for the best device fabricated using the 3D pen (three-electrode system) was 4% (n = 5) considering current density and anodic peak potential for the redox probe. This device was applied for the detection of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) via square-wave voltammetry of a single-drop of 100 μL placed upon the thee-electrode system, resulting in three reduction peaks commonly verified for TNT on carbon electrodes. Limit of detection of 1.5 μmol L-1, linear range from 5 to 500 μmol L-1 and RSD lower than 4% for 10 repetitive measurements of 100 μmol L-1 TNT were obtained. The proposed devices can be reused after polishing on sandpaper generating new electrode surfaces, which is an extra advantage over chemically-modified electrochemical sensors applied for TNT detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael M Cardoso
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Diego P Rocha
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Raquel G Rocha
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Jéssica S Stefano
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A B Silva
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M Richter
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A A Muñoz
- Center for Research on Electroanalysis (NuPE), Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38408-100, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.
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14
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Development of smartphone-based ECL sensor for dopamine detection: Practical approaches. RESULTS IN CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rechem.2020.100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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15
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Lee J, Hussain G, López-Salas N, MacFarlane DR, Silvester DS. Thin films of poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)-ionic liquid mixtures as amperometric gas sensing materials for oxygen and ammonia. Analyst 2020; 145:1915-1924. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02153a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
A gas sensor comprising of a planar electrode device covered with a thin layer of gel polymer electrolyte gave accurate and fast sensing responses for oxygen and ammonia detection in both the cathodic and anodic potential regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqiao Lee
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | - Ghulam Hussain
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
| | | | | | - Debbie S. Silvester
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences
- Curtin University
- Perth
- Australia
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16
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Rana A, Baig N, Saleh TA. Electrochemically pretreated carbon electrodes and their electroanalytical applications – A review. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Milano F, Giotta L, Chirizzi D, Papazoglou S, Kryou C, De Bartolomeo A, De Leo V, Guascito MR, Zergioti I. Phosphate Modified Screen Printed Electrodes by LIFT Treatment for Glucose Detection. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2018; 8:bios8040091. [PMID: 30332738 PMCID: PMC6316885 DOI: 10.3390/bios8040091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The design of new materials as active layers is important for electrochemical sensor and biosensor development. Among the techniques for the modification and functionalization of electrodes, the laser induced forward transfer (LIFT) has emerged as a powerful physisorption method for the deposition of various materials (even labile materials like enzymes) that results in intimate and stable contact with target surface. In this work, Pt, Au, and glassy carbon screen printed electrodes (SPEs) treated by LIFT with phosphate buffer have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy to reveal a flattening effect of all surfaces. The electrochemical characterization by cyclic voltammetry shows significant differences depending on the electrode material. The electroactivity of Au is reduced while that of glassy carbon and Pt is greatly enhanced. In particular, the electrochemical behavior of a phosphate LIFT treated Pt showed a marked enrichment of hydrogen adsorbed layer, suggesting an elevated electrocatalytic activity towards glucose oxidation. When Pt electrodes modified in this way were used as an effective glucose sensor, a 1–10 mM linear response and a 10 µM detection limit were obtained. A possible role of phosphate that was securely immobilized on a Pt surface, as evidenced by XPS analysis, enhancing the glucose electrooxidation is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Milano
- Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, UOS Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
| | - Livia Giotta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Università del Salento, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Daniela Chirizzi
- IZS Puglia e Basilicata, U.O. Putignano. Via Chiancolla 1, C.da. S. Pietro Piturno, 70017 Putignano (BA), Italy.
| | - Simos Papazoglou
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytehneiou 9, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Christina Kryou
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytehneiou 9, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece.
| | - Annarita De Bartolomeo
- Dipartimento di Beni Culturali, Università del Salento, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo De Leo
- Istituto per i Processi Chimico Fisici, UOS Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70126 Bari, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Bari "Aldo Moro", Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy.
| | - Maria Rachele Guascito
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche e Ambientali, Università del Salento, S.P. Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
- IZS Puglia e Basilicata, U.O. Putignano. Via Chiancolla 1, C.da. S. Pietro Piturno, 70017 Putignano (BA), Italy.
| | - Ioanna Zergioti
- Department of Physics, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytehneiou 9, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece.
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18
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Highly activated screen-printed carbon electrodes by electrochemical treatment with hydrogen peroxide. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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19
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Pierini GD, Foster CW, Rowley-Neale SJ, Fernández H, Banks CE. A facile electrochemical intercalation and microwave assisted exfoliation methodology applied to screen-printed electrochemical-based sensing platforms to impart improved electroanalytical outputs. Analyst 2018; 143:3360-3365. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an01982c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An Electrochemical Derived Intercalation process is explored as a modification for screen-printed electrodes to improve their electroanalytical outputs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón D. Pierini
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- 5800 Río Cuarto
| | - Christopher W. Foster
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
- UK
| | | | - Héctor Fernández
- Departamento de Química
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Físico-Químicas y Naturales
- Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto
- 5800 Río Cuarto
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester M1 5GD
- UK
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Screen-Printed Graphite Electrodes as Low-Cost Devices for Oxygen Gas Detection in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquids. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17122734. [PMID: 29186869 PMCID: PMC5751384 DOI: 10.3390/s17122734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Revised: 11/20/2017] [Accepted: 11/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Screen-printed graphite electrodes (SPGEs) have been used for the first time as platforms to detect oxygen gas in room-temperature ionic liquids (RTILs). Up until now, carbon-based SPEs have shown inferior behaviour compared to platinum and gold SPEs for gas sensing with RTIL solvents. The electrochemical reduction of oxygen (O₂) in a range of RTILs has therefore been explored on home-made SPGEs, and is compared to the behaviour on commercially-available carbon SPEs (C-SPEs). Six common RTILs are initially employed for O₂ detection using cyclic voltammetry (CV), and two RTILs ([C₂mim][NTf₂] and [C₄mim][PF₆]) chosen for further detailed analytical studies. Long-term chronoamperometry (LTCA) was also performed to test the ability of the sensor surface for real-time gas monitoring. Both CV and LTCA gave linear calibration graphs-for CV in the 10-100% vol. range, and for LTCA in the 0.1-20% vol. range-on the SPGE. The responses on the SPGE were far superior to the commercial C-SPEs; more instability in the electrochemical responses were observed on the C-SPEs, together with some breaking-up or dissolution of the electrode surface materials. This study highlights that not all screen-printed ink formulations are compatible with RTIL solvents for longer-term electrochemical experiments, and that the choice of RTIL is also important. Overall, the low-cost SPGEs appear to be promising platforms for the detection of O₂, particularly in [C₄mim][PF₆].
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