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Sulthana SF, Iqbal UM, Suseela SB, Anbazhagan R, Chinthaginjala R, Chitathuru D, Ahmad I, Kim TH. Electrochemical Sensors for Heavy Metal Ion Detection in Aqueous Medium: A Systematic Review. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:25493-25512. [PMID: 38911761 PMCID: PMC11190924 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal ions (HMIs) are very harmful to the ecosystem when they are present in excess of the recommended limits. They are carcinogenic in nature and can cause serious health issues. So, it is important to detect the metal ions quickly and accurately. The metal ions arsenic (As3+), cadmium (Cd2+), chromium (Cr3+), lead (Pb2+), and mercury (Hg2+) are considered to be very toxic among other metal ions. Standard analytical methods like atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic fluorescence spectroscopy, and X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy are used to detect HMIs. But these methods necessitate highly technical equipment and lengthy procedures with skilled personnel. So, electrochemical sensing methods are considered to be more advantageous because of their quick analysis with precision and simplicity to operate. They can detect a wide range of heavy metals providing real-time monitoring and are cost-effective and enable multiparametric detection. Various sensing applications necessitate severe regulation regarding the modification of electrode surfaces. Numerous nanomaterials such as graphene, carbon nanotubes, and metal nanoparticles have been extensively explored as interface materials in electrode modifiers. These nanoparticles offer excellent electrical conductivity, distinctive catalytic properties, and high surface area resulting in enhanced electrochemical performance. This review examines different HMI detection methods in an aqueous medium by an electrochemical sensing approach and studies the recent developments in interface materials for altering the electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Fouziya Sulthana
- Department
of Mechatronics Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - U. Mohammed Iqbal
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu 603203, India
| | - Sreeja Balakrishnapillai Suseela
- Department
of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Centre for Medical Electronics,
College of Engineering, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600025, India
| | - Rajesh Anbazhagan
- School
of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613401, India
| | - Ravikumar Chinthaginjala
- School
of Electronics Engineering, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Dhanamjayulu Chitathuru
- School of
Electrical Engineering, Vellore Institute
of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Irfan Ahmad
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tai-hoon Kim
- School
of Electrical and Computer Engineering Yeosu Campus, Chonnam National University, 50 Daehak-ro, Yeosu-si, Jeollanam-do 59626, Republic of Korea
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2
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Korina E, Karaberova A, Bol'shakov O, Golovin M, Kuznetsov M, Stanković D. Zero-waste preparation of mixed oxides for submicromolar sensing of Bentazone pesticide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 345:123494. [PMID: 38346631 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Necessity of having simple selective and robust methods for the analysis of environmentally relevant chemicals stimulates the development of new approaches to material preparation. Electrochemical sensing using electroactive substrates has proved efficient in the analysis of a wide range of pesticides and is widely used as a routine analytical method. Recently, mixed oxides showed promising electrocatalytic activity toward hazardous substrates. Prevalence of wet chemical methods in the synthesis of mixed oxides creates a methodological obstacle and inconvenience for their wide utilization. In this work we challenged the common preparation of mixed oxides with simple powder mixing and developed an electrode for bentazone detection with satisfactory detection limit (0.4 μM), recovery rate (≈104%), and a broad linearity range (1-45 μM). The proposed modified carbon paste electrode is highly selective and can be used for determination of bentazone in presence of interfering ions in water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Korina
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - A Karaberova
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - O Bol'shakov
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M Golovin
- Nanotechnology Education and Research Center, South Ural State University, 454080, Chelyabinsk, Russia
| | - M Kuznetsov
- Institute of Solid State Chemistry, Ural Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ekaterinburg, 620990, Russia
| | - D Stanković
- University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia; University of Belgrade, VINČA Institute of Nuclear Sciences - National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, Mike Petrovića Alasa 12-14, 11000, Belgrade, Serbia.
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3
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Kim KR, Oh J, Hong JI. A photoluminescent and electrochemiluminescent probe based on an iridium(III) complex with a boronic acid-functionalised ancillary ligand for the selective detection of mercury(II) ions. Analyst 2023; 148:5619-5626. [PMID: 37840468 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01266b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to mercury(II) ions (Hg2+) can cause various diseases such as Minamata disease, acrodynia, Alzheimer's disease, and Hunter-Russell syndrome, and even organ damage. Therefore, real-time and accurate monitoring of Hg2+ in environmental samples is crucial. In this study, we report a photoluminescent (PL) and electrochemiluminescent (ECL) probe based on a cyclometalated Ir(III) complex for the selective detection of Hg2+. The introduction of a reaction site, o-aminomethylphenylboronic acid, on the ancillary ligands allowed a prompt transmetalation reaction to take place between Hg2+ and boronic acid. This reaction resulted in significant decreases of the PL and ECL signals due to the photo-induced electron transfer from the Ir(III) complex to the Hg2+ ions. The probe was applied to the selective detection of Hg2+, and the signal changes revealed a linear correlation with Hg2+ concentrations in the range of 0-10 μM (LOD = 0.72 μM for PL, 8.03 nM for ECL). The designed probe allowed the successful quantification of Hg2+ in tap water samples, which proves its potential for the selective detection of Hg2+ in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoung-Rok Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
| | - Jinrok Oh
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
| | - Jong-In Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Korea.
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4
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Xanthan Gum-Mediated Silver Nanoparticles for Ultrasensitive Electrochemical Detection of Hg2+ Ions from Water. Catalysts 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/catal13010208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
An environmentally safe, efficient, and economical microwave-assisted technique was selected for the production of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). To prepare uniformly disseminated AgNPs, xanthan gum (XG) was utilized as both a reducing and capping agent. UV–Vis spectroscopy was used to characterize the formed XG-AgNPs, with the absorption band regulated at 414 nm under optimized parameters. Atomic force microscopy was used to reveal the size and shape of XG-AgNPs. The interactions between the XG capping agent and AgNPs observed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The XG-AgNPs were placed in between glassy carbon electrode and Nafion® surfaces and then deployed as sensors for voltammetric evaluation of mercury ions (Hg2+) using square-wave voltammetry as an analytical mode. Required Nafion® quantities, electrode behavior, electrolyte characteristics, pH, initial potentials, accumulation potentials, and accumulation durations were all comprehensively investigated. In addition, an electrochemical mechanism for the oxidation of Hg2+ was postulated. With an exceptional limit of detection of 0.18 ppb and an R2 value of 0.981, the sensors’ measured linear response range was 0.0007–0.002 µM Hg2+. Hg2+ evaluations were ultimately unaffected by the presence of many coexisting metal ions (Cd2+, Pb2+, Cr2O4, Co2+,Cu2+, CuSO4). Spiked water samples were tested using the described approach, with Hg2+ recoveries ranging from 97% to 100%.
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Vasanthi Sridharan N, Mandal BK. Simultaneous Quantitation of Lead and Cadmium on an EDTA-Reduced Graphene Oxide-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:45469-45480. [PMID: 36530323 PMCID: PMC9753498 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) are classified as category one toxicants. The provisional guideline values, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), for Cd and Pb are 3 and 10 ppb, respectively. An easy, quick, and cheap analytical technique is in demand for the determination of these toxic heavy metals in water. Hence, a novel electrochemical sensing platform is developed by modifying the glassy carbon electrode with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-functionalized reduced graphene oxide (ErGO) for the low-cost simultaneous quantitation of toxic heavy-metal ions, lead and cadmium, in real water samples. EDTA is grafted to the surface of graphene oxide, via amine linkage, and the oxygen functionality is reduced by a green agent, tyrosine. Various physical and electrochemical characterizations of the as-prepared electrocatalytic material were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), ζ-potential, ultraviolet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), etc. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) is modified with ErGO by a simple drop-casting method for simultaneous metal-ion quantitation by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). EDTA functionalization of graphene oxide and its further reduction using the green agent enhance the stability and sensitivity of the electrode substrate. The limits of detection for cadmium and lead ions calculated for ErGO/GCE are 1.02 and 2.52 ppb, while the limits of quantification for lead and cadmium ions are 3.41 and 8.4 ppb, and their sensitivities are 0.8 and 0.6 nA/ppb, respectively. Real river water contains 200.2 ± 0.38 ppb of Pb2+ ions (mean ± stdev, n = 3) by the DPV technique, which is validated by ICP-OES analysis.
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Synthesis and surface characterization of a chemically modified carbon paste electrode and its application in determination of Hg(II) ions in water, food and dental amalgam samples. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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7
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Suresh I, Nesakumar N, Jegadeesan GB, Jeyaprakash B, Rayappan JBB, Kulandaiswamy AJ. Real-time detection of imidacloprid residues in water using f-MWCNT/EDTA as energetically suitable electrode interface. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1235:340560. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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8
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Prussian blue modified amperometric Hg2+ ion biosensor based on glucose oxidase inhibition. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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EDTA salt modified carbon paste electrode for square wave voltammetric determination of theophylline in pharmaceutical tablet formulation. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0255700. [PMID: 35687564 PMCID: PMC9187066 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a square wave voltammetric method for determination of theophylline in tablet formulation based on EDTA salt modified carbon paste electrode is presented. CV, FT-IR, and EIS results confirmed modification of the carbon paste with EDTA salt. In contrast to the unmodified carbon paste electrode, the modified carbon paste electrode showed irreversible oxidation of theophylline with considerable current enhancement. Investigation of the effect of scan rate on the Ip and Ep response of the modified electrode for theophylline revealed predominantly diffusion controlled oxidation kinetics. Under the optimized conditions, square wave oxidative peak current of theophylline in pH 7.0 PBS showed linear dependence on concentration in the range 10–200 μM with determination coefficient (R2), limit of detection, and limit of quantification of 0.99782, 0.0257 μM, and 0.0857 μM, respectively. Detection of an amount of theophylline in the analyzed tablet formulation with 1.85% error from its nominal content (120 mg/tablet) confirmed the accuracy of the developed method. Spike and interference recovery results of 98.59%, and 95.7–100%, respectively validated the applicability of the developed method for determination of theophylline content in tablet samples.
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10
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Determination of EDTA in Aqueous Medium. PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES INDIA SECTION A-PHYSICAL SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s40010-022-00788-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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11
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Pal C, Majumder S. Fabrication of a Label‐free Femtomolar Electrochemical Mercury Ion Biosensor based on Oligonucleotide Receptor Layers Hybridized with Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Ali S, Mansha M, Baig N, Khan SA. Recent Trends and Future Perspectives of Emergent Analytical Techniques for Mercury Sensing in Aquatic Environments. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100327. [PMID: 35253977 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Environmental emissions of mercury from industrial waste and natural sources, even in trace amounts, are toxic to organisms and ecosystems. However, industrial-scale mercury detection is limited by the high cost, low sensitivity/specificity, and poor selectivity of the available analytical tools. This review summarizes the key sensors for mercury detection in aqueous environments: colorimetric-, electrochemical-, fluorescence-, and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy-based sensors reported between 2014-2021. It then compares the performances of these sensors in the determination of inorganic mercury (Hg2+ ) and methyl mercury (CH3 Hg+ ) species in aqueous samples. Mercury sensors for aquatic applications still face serious challenges in terms of difficult deployment in remote areas and low robustness, reliability, and selectivity in harsh environments. We provide future perspectives on the selective detection of organomercury species, which are especially toxic and reactive in aquatic environments. This review is intended as a valuable resource for scientists in the field of mercury sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Ali
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Mansha
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadeem Baig
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safyan Akram Khan
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Hydrogen and Energy Storage (IRC-HES), King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals (KFUPM), Dhahran, 31261, Saudi Arabia
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13
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Ifguis O, Moutcine A, Laghlimi C, Ziat Y, Bouhdadi R, Chtaini A, Moubarik A, Mbarki M. Biopolymer-Modified Carbon Paste Electrode for the Electrochemical Detection of Pb(II) in Water. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2022; 2022:5348246. [PMID: 35140993 PMCID: PMC8820895 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5348246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
During the present study, biopolymer lignin was extracted, in particular, from sugar beet pulp (molasses) from the Tadla region (224 km from Marrakech, Morocco). The lignin was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric TG/DTA analysis and then used as a modifier to enhance the electroanalytical detection of heavy metal ion traces. The performance of the lignin/CPE sensor to detect lead (II) was studied by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square-wave voltammetry in 0.3 mol L-1 NaCl. With optimized experimental parameters, the lignin/CPE sensor developed has a minimum detection limit of 2.252.10-11 M for Pb (II). The proposed working electrode has been successfully applied for the coanalysis of Pb (II) in tap water with good results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ousama Ifguis
- Engineering Laboratory in Chemistry and Physics of Matter, Faculty of Science and Technics, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Moutcine
- Electrochemistry and Molecular Inorganic Materials Team, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology in Beni-Mellal, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Charaf Laghlimi
- Applied Chemistry Team, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Al Hoceima, Abdelmalek Essaadi University, Tetouan, Morocco
| | - Younes Ziat
- Engineering and Applied Physics Team (EAPT), Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Rachid Bouhdadi
- Engineering Laboratory in Chemistry and Physics of Matter, Faculty of Science and Technics, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Abdelilah Chtaini
- Electrochemistry and Molecular Inorganic Materials Team, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Faculty of Sciences and Technology in Beni-Mellal, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Amine Moubarik
- Laboratory of Chemical Processes and Applied Materials, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Polydisciplinary Faculty, Beni Mellal, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Mbarki
- Engineering Laboratory in Chemistry and Physics of Matter, Faculty of Science and Technics, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni Mellal, Morocco
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Tesfaye E, Singh Chandravanshi B, Hailu T, Negash N, Tessema M. Square Wave Anodic Stripping Voltammetric Determination of Hg(II) with N
1
‐hydroxy‐N
1
,N
2
‐diphenylbenzamidine Modified Carbon Paste Electrode. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Endale Tesfaye
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Bhagwan Singh Chandravanshi
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Tesfu Hailu
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Negussie Negash
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
| | - Merid Tessema
- Department of Chemistry College of Natural and Computational Sciences Addis Ababa University P.O. Box 1176 1176 Addis Ababa Ethiopia
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15
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Pal C, Suzuki TT, Majumder S. Electrochemical growth of two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets for development of femtomolar Hg(II) ion label-free biosensor. Chem Phys Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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El-Raheem HA, Hassan RYA, Khaled R, Farghali A, El-Sherbiny IM. New sensing platform of poly(ester-urethane)urea doped with gold nanoparticles for rapid detection of mercury ions in fish tissue. RSC Adv 2021; 11:31845-31854. [PMID: 35496891 PMCID: PMC9041571 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new electrochemical sensor has been fabricated based on the in situ synthesis of poly(ester-urethane) urea (PUU) doped with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and the obtained composite materials (PUU/AuNPs) were used as a new sensing platform for highly sensitive and selective detection of mercury(II) ions in fish tissue. PUU was synthesized and fully characterized by XRD, TGA, DSC, and FTIR to analyze the chemical structure, thermal stability, and morphological properties. As a polymeric structure, the PUU consists of urethane and urea groups that possess pronounced binding abilities to Hg2+ ions. SEM-EDX was carried out to confirm this kind of interaction. Using ferricyanide as the redox probe, PUU alone exhibited weak electrochemical signals due to its low electrical conductivity. Therefore, a new series of nanocomposites of PUU with different nanostructured materials were applied, and their electrochemical performances were evaluated. Among these materials, the PUU/AuNP-modified electrode showed high voltammetric signals towards Hg2+. Consequently, the parameters affecting the performance of the assay, such as electrode composition, scan rate, and sensing time, as well as the effect of electrolyte and pH were studied and optimized. The sensor showed a linear range of 5 ng mL-1 to 155 ng mL-1 with the regression coefficient R 2 = 0.986, while the calculated values of the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) were 0.235 ng mL-1 and 0.710 ng mL-1, respectively. In terms of cross reactivity testing, the sensor exhibited a high selectivity against heavy metals which are commonly determined in seafood (Cd2+, Pb2+, As3+, Cr3+, Mg2+, and Cu2+). For real applications, total Hg2+ ions in fish tissue were determined with very high recovery and no prior complicated treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hany Abd El-Raheem
- Center of Materials Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens, 6th of October City 12578 Giza Egypt
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Rabeay Y A Hassan
- Center of Materials Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens, 6th of October City 12578 Giza Egypt
- Applied Organic Chemistry Department, National Research Centre (NRC) Dokki 12622 Giza Egypt
| | - Rehab Khaled
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Ahmed Farghali
- Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University Beni-Suef Egypt
| | - Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Center of Materials Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology October Gardens, 6th of October City 12578 Giza Egypt
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17
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Sharma R, Haldar U, Turabee MH, Lee HI. Recyclable macromolecular thermogels for Hg(II) detection and separation via sol-gel transition in complex aqueous environments. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 410:124625. [PMID: 33279321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The sensitive detection and quantitative separation of toxic heavy metal ions in aqueous media are of great importance. In this study, a thermogelling poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL) triblock copolymer (P1) was synthesized, and difluoroboron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) fluorophore integrated with thiosemicarbazide units was attached to the chain ends of P1 through consecutive post-polymerization modifications, leading to P4. P4 exhibited rapid and selective detection of Hg(II) in 100% aqueous media via turn-on fluorescence emission with a limit of detection (LOD) of as low as 0.461 μM. This turn-on emission behavior is attributed to the suppression of C˭N isomerization caused by the formation of a coordination complex between P4 and Hg(II) ions. The selective and quantitative removal of Hg(II) among various metal ions was achieved by trapping chelated Hg(II) ions inside the dehydrated P4 gel via thermo-controlled sol-gel-dehydrated gel transitions. Treating the Hg(II) ion-trapped dehydrated gels with sodium sulfide (Na2S) in acetone/water at room temperature led to HgS precipitates, and P4 in solution was dried and recycled. This recyclable thermoresponsive macromolecular probe is promising for not only Hg(II) detection but also its separation and removal from complex aqueous environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rini Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ujjal Haldar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Hasan Turabee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Il Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea.
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Sudhan N, Sekar C. Nanostructured β‐tricalcium Phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2 Based Electrochemical Sensor for Detection of Methyl Parathion and Mercury (II) Ions. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.632652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, we have fabricated a new electrochemical sensor based on β‐tricalcium phosphate (Ca3(PO4)2) nanoparticles (NPs) modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the selective nonenzymatic determination of methyl parathion and mercury (II) ions independently. β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP) NPs were prepared by chemical precipitation method and structural and morphological properties were investigated by XRD, FTIR, and SEM. The electrochemical behavior of MP and mercury (Hg2+) ions were investigated by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) techniques using β‐TCP/GCE. The modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic activity towards both the MP and Hg over a wide linear range from 0.15 to 141 μM and 1–381 µM with the lowest detection limits of 88 and 136.4 nM respectively. The sensor has high selectivity towards MP and Hg in the presence of major interfering compounds such as 3-nitrophenol, 4-nitrophenol, 4-aminophenol, catechol, hydroquinone and heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and arsenic. Applicability of the fabricated sensor for detection of MP and Hg (II) ions has been tested in tap water by standard addition method.
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Abstract
The anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) was investigated to determine total mercury in solid samples using a gold electrode. The mercury was deposited on the gold electrode in a preconcentration step. The oxidation peak of mercury was irreversible. The optimal conditions of the procedure were found to be as follows: 0.05 mol L−1 HCl solution, deposition potential −0.5 V vs. Ag/AgCl/KCls, deposition time 40 s, and sweep rate 0.04 V s−1. Under the optimal conditions, the peak current showed a linear dependence on Hg2+ concentration in the range from 0.01 to 0.1 mg l−1. The detection limit and quantification limit were 4.28 µg L−1 and 12.98 µg L−1, respectively. The mean recovery and relative standard deviation were 91.2% and 2.4% (n = 9). The procedure was successfully applied for determining total mercury in samples collected from Hanoi light bulb warehouse—The Rang Dong Light Source and Vacuum Flask JSC. The results were compared with cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometry (CV-AAS).
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Gounden D, Nombona N, van Zyl WE. Recent advances in phthalocyanines for chemical sensor, non-linear optics (NLO) and energy storage applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Moutcine A, Laghlimi C, Ziat Y, Smaini MA, Qouatli SEE, Hammi M, Chtaini A. Preparation, characterization and simultaneous electrochemical detection toward Cd (II) and Hg(II) of a phosphate/zinc oxide modified carbon paste electrode. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Rastogi L, Ankam DP, Dash K. Intrinsic peroxidase-like activity of 4-amino hippuric acid reduced/stabilized gold nanoparticles and its application in the selective determination of mercury and iron in ground water. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 228:117805. [PMID: 31787536 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we report a method for the synthesis of 4-aminohippuric acid (4-AHA) reduced/stabilized gold nanoparticles and their peroxidase mimicking properties for the colorimetric detection of Fe3+ and Hg2+. The synthesis of nanoparticles was evidenced by appearance of bright red color and an absorption peak at 518 nm. Transmission electron microscopic (TEM) characterization revealed the nanoparticles to be spherical with average size of about 5.9 ± 1.7 nm. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis established highly crystalline nature of the nanoparticles. The synthesized nanoparticles have shown very good peroxidase mimicking property; exhibiting the catalytic oxidation of the chromogen 3,3',5,5'-tetramethyl benzidine (TMB) to a blue color product, in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The peroxidase mimicking activity of the nanoparticles was found to be selectivity enhanced in the presence of Fe3+ and Hg2+ while there was no change in the activity in the presence of other concomitant ions. The mechanism studies revealed that the synthesized gold nanoparticles assisted in electron transfer during the catalytic process however the stimulation of peroxidase-like activity in the presence of Fe3+ and Hg2+ is owed to both generation of hydroxyl radical and accelerated electron transfer. The assay was made selective for iron by the addition of cysteine in acetate buffer; whereas the selective detection of mercury was achieved by carrying out the assay in citrate buffer. The linear ranges for the determination of Fe3+ and Hg2+ in deionized water were found to be: 5-50 ppb and 5-200 ppb respectively. The limits of quantification (LOQ) for Fe3+ and Hg2+ were 4.0 and 2.5 ppb respectively. The assay was applied for the determination of Fe3+ and Hg2+ in drinking and ground water samples. The method holds potential for the on-field screening of these metal ions in real environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lori Rastogi
- National Centre for Compositional Characterization of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, ECIL-Post, Hyderabad 500 062, Telangana, India
| | - Durga Prasad Ankam
- National Centre for Compositional Characterization of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, ECIL-Post, Hyderabad 500 062, Telangana, India
| | - K Dash
- National Centre for Compositional Characterization of Materials, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, ECIL-Post, Hyderabad 500 062, Telangana, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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Choudhury N, Ruidas B, Saha B, Srikanth K, Das Mukhopadhyay C, De P. Multifunctional tryptophan-based fluorescent polymeric probes for sensing, bioimaging and removal of Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01892a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent polymeric probes were synthesized by amalgamating tryptophan and pyridine side-chain moieties through an imine bond with the aim of selectively sense and remove both Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions from aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Choudhury
- Polymer Research Centre
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Nadia
- India
- Department of Chemical Sciences
| | - Bhuban Ruidas
- Centre for Healthcare Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Howrah
- India
| | - Biswajit Saha
- Polymer Research Centre
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Nadia
- India
- Department of Chemical Sciences
| | - Kambalapalli Srikanth
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Nadia
- India
| | | | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata
- Nadia
- India
- Department of Chemical Sciences
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Adusei-Gyamfi J, Ouddane B, Rietveld L, Cornard JP, Criquet J. Natural organic matter-cations complexation and its impact on water treatment: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 160:130-147. [PMID: 31136847 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The quality and quantity of natural organic matter (NOM) has been observed to evolve which poses challenges to water treatment facilities. Even though NOM may not be toxic itself, its presence in water has aesthetic effects, enhances biological growth in distribution networks, binds with pollutants and controls the bioavailability of trace metals. Even though NOM has heterogeneous functional groups, the predominant ones are the carboxyl and the phenolic groups, which have high affinities for metals depending on the pH. The properties of both the NOM and the trace elements influence the binding kinetics and preferences. Ca2+ prefers to bind with the carboxylic groups especially at a low pH while Zn2+ prefers the amine groups though practically, most cations bind to several functions groups. The nature of the chemical environment (neighboring ligands) the ligand finds itself equally influences its preference for a cation. The presence of NOM, cations or a complex of NOM-cations may have significant impact on the efficiency of water processes such as coagulation, adsorption, ion exchange resin and membrane filtration. In coagulation, the complexation between the coagulant salts and NOM helps to remove NOM from solution. This positive influence can further be enhanced by the addition of Ca2+. A negative influence is however, observed in lime-softening method as NOM complexes with Ca2+. A negative influence is also seen in membrane filtration where divalent cations partially neutralize the carboxyl functional groups of NOM thereby reducing the repulsion effect on NOM and increasing membrane fouling. The formation of disinfection by-products could either be increased or reduced during chlorination, the speciation of products formed is modified with generally the enhancement of haloacetic acid formation observed in presence of metal cations. This current work, presents in details the interactions of cations and NOM in the environment, the preference of cations for each functional group and the possible competition between cations for binding sites, as well as the possible impacts of the presence of cations, NOM, or their complex on water treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junias Adusei-Gyamfi
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR, Equipe Physico-Chimie de L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France; Delft University of Technology - Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences - Department of Water Management, the Netherlands
| | - Baghdad Ouddane
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR, Equipe Physico-Chimie de L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Luuk Rietveld
- Delft University of Technology - Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences - Department of Water Management, the Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Cornard
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR, Equipe Physico-Chimie de L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Justine Criquet
- Univ. Lille CNRS, UMR 8516 - LASIR, Equipe Physico-Chimie de L'Environnement, F-59000, Lille, France.
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Colorimetric and voltammetric sensing of mercury ions using 2,2′-(ethane-1,2-diylbis((2-(azulen-2-ylamino)-2-oxoethyl)azanediyl))diacetic acid. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.113351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Haldar U, Lee HI. BODIPY-Derived Polymeric Chemosensor Appended with Thiosemicarbazone Units for the Simultaneous Detection and Separation of Hg(II) Ions in Pure Aqueous Media. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:13685-13693. [PMID: 30882200 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Developing a simple and cheap analytical method for the selective detection and quantitative separation of toxic ions present in aqueous media is the biggest challenge faced by the chemosensing research community. Here, a 5,5-difluoro-1,3,7,9-tetramethyl-10-phenyl-5 H-dipyrrolo-diazaborinine-derived water-soluble polymer integrated with thiosemicarbazone units was rationally designed and synthesized for the simultaneous detection and separation of Hg(II) ions in pure aqueous solution. The water-soluble polymer scaffold poly( N, N'-dimethyl acrylamide- co-5,5-difluoro-1,3,7,9-tetramethyl-10-phenyl-5 H-dipyrrolo-diazaborinine-2-carbaldehyde) was synthesized by reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization, followed by post-polymerization modification with thiosemicarbazide, leading to the formation of the target probe, P1. The nonemitting P1 exhibited bright yellow emission upon exposure to Hg(II) ions, with a limit of detection as low as 0.37 μM. This turn-on emission behavior triggered by Hg(II) ions might originate from the suppression of isomerization around the C═N bond of the thiosemicarbazone moiety caused by the formation of a coordination complex between P1 and Hg(II) ions. In addition, P1 displayed excellent selectivity toward Hg(II) ions over other metal cations. Finally, the selective removal of Hg(II) ions from an aqueous solution containing various metal ions was achieved by precipitation, which is probably caused by the fact that coordination complexes whereby Hg(II) ions acted as bridgeheads between P1 molecules had formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ujjal Haldar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Ulsan , Ulsan 680-749 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Il Lee
- Department of Chemistry , University of Ulsan , Ulsan 680-749 , Republic of Korea
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