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Namballa HK, Dorogan M, Gudipally AR, Okafor S, Gadhiya S, Harding WW. Discovery of Selective Dopamine Receptor Ligands Derived from (-)-Stepholidine via C-3 Alkoxylation and C-3/C-9 Dialkoxylation. J Med Chem 2023. [PMID: 37421373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
We evaluated C-3 alkoxylated and C-3/C-9 dialkoxylated (-)-stepholidine analogues to probe the tolerance at the C-3 and C-9 positions of the tetrahydroprotoberberine (THPB) template toward affinity for dopamine receptors. A C-9 ethoxyl substituent appears optimal for D1R affinity since high D1R affinities were observed for compounds that contain an ethyl group at C-9, with larger C-9 substituents tending to decrease D1R affinity. A number of novel ligands were identified, such as compounds 12a and 12b, with nanomolar affinities for D1R and no affinity for either D2R or D3R, with compound 12a being identified as a D1R antagonist for both G-protein- and β-arrestin-based signaling. Compound 23b was identified as the most potent and selective D3R ligand containing a THPB template to date and functions as an antagonist for both G-protein- and β-arrestin-based signaling. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies validated the D1R and D3R affinity and selectivity of 12a, 12b, and 23b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hari K Namballa
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Michael Dorogan
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ashok R Gudipally
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Sunday Okafor
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Nigeria, 410011 Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
- Center for Biomedical Research, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Satishkumar Gadhiya
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Wayne W Harding
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Ph.D. Program in Biochemistry, CUNY Graduate Center, 365 5th Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
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Hazani R, Lavidor M, Weller A. Treatments for Social Interaction Impairment in Animal Models of Schizophrenia: A Critical Review and Meta-analysis. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:1179-1193. [PMID: 35925025 PMCID: PMC9673263 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbac093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND While pharmacological treatments for positive symptoms of schizophrenia are widely used, their beneficial effect on negative symptoms, particularly social impairment, is insufficiently studied. Therefore, there is an increasing interest in preclinical research of potentially beneficial treatments, with mixed results. The current review aims to evaluate the efficacy of available treatments for social deficits in different animal models of schizophrenia. STUDY DESIGN A systematic literature search generated 145 outcomes for the measures "total time" and "number" of social interactions. Standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated, and heterogeneity was tested using Q statistics in a random-effect meta-analytic model. Given the vast heterogeneity in effect sizes, the animal model, treatment group, and sample size were all examined as potential moderators. STUDY RESULTS The results showed that in almost all models, treatment significantly improved social deficit (total time: SMD = 1.24; number: SMD = 1.1). The moderator analyses discovered significant subgroup differences across models and treatment subgroups. Perinatal and adult pharmacological models showed the most substantial influence of treatments on social deficits, reflecting relative pharmacological validity. Furthermore, atypical antipsychotic drugs had the highest SMD within each model subgroup. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the improvement in social interaction behaviors is dependent on the animal model and treatment family used. Implications for the preclinical and clinical fields are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reut Hazani
- To whom correspondence should be addressed; Department of Psychology, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; tel: 972-3-531-8548, fax: 972-3-738-4173, e-mail:
| | - Michal Lavidor
- Psychology Department and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Aron Weller
- Psychology Department and Gonda Brain Research Center, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan, Israel
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Chen J, Li G, Qin P, Chen J, Ye N, Waddington JL, Zhen X. Allosteric Modulation of the Sigma-1 Receptor Elicits Antipsychotic-like Effects. Schizophr Bull 2022; 48:474-484. [PMID: 34865170 PMCID: PMC8886599 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbab137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Allosteric modulation represents an important approach in drug discovery because of its advantages in safety and selectivity. SOMCL-668 is the first selective and potent sigma-1 receptor allosteric modulator, discovered in our laboratory. The present work investigates the potential therapeutic effects of SOMCL-668 on phencyclidine (PCP)-induced schizophrenia-related behavior in mice and further elucidates underlying mechanisms for its antipsychotic-like effects. SOMCL-668 not only attenuated acute PCP-induced hyperactivity and PPI disruption, but also ameliorated social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by chronic PCP treatment. Pretreatment with the selective sigma-1 receptor antagonist BD1047 blocked the effects of SOMCL-668, indicating sigma-1 receptor-mediated responses. This was confirmed using sigma-1 receptor knockout mice, in which SOMCL-668 failed to ameliorate PPI disruption and hyperactivity induced by acute PCP and social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by chronic PCP treatment. Additionally, in vitro SOMCL-668 exerted positive modulation of sigma-1 receptor agonist-induced intrinsic plasticity in brain slices recorded by patch-clamp. Furthermore, in vivo lower dose of SOMCL-668 exerted positive modulation of improvement in social deficits and cognitive impairment induced by the selective sigma-1 agonist PRE084. Also, SOMCL-668 reversed chronic PCP-induced down-regulation in expression of frontal cortical p-AKT/AKT, p-CREB/CREB and BDNF in wide-type but not sigma-1 knockout mice. Moreover, administration of the PI3K/AKT inhibitor LY294002 abolished amelioration by SOMCL-668 of chronic PCP-induced schizophrenia-related behaviors by inhibition of BDNF expression. The present data provide initial, proof-of-concept evidence that allosteric modulation of the sigma-1 receptor may be a novel approach for the treatment of psychotic illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Guangying Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pingping Qin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Na Ye
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - John L Waddington
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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Tarland E, Franke RT, Fink H, Pertz HH, Brosda J. Effects of 2-bromoterguride, a dopamine D 2 receptor partial agonist, on cognitive dysfunction and social aversion in rats. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2018; 235:99-108. [PMID: 28971230 PMCID: PMC5748440 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4747-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE 2-Bromoterguride, a dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist with antagonist properties at serotonin 5-HT2A receptors and α2C-adrenoceptors, meets the prerequisites of a putative atypical antipsychotic drug (APD). We recently showed that 2-bromoterguride is effective in tests of positive symptoms of schizophrenia in rats without inducing extrapyramidal side effects or metabolic changes. OBJECTIVE In continuation of our recent work, we now investigated the effect of 2-bromoterguride on apomorphine and phencyclidine (PCP)-induced disruptions of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response, a measure of sensory gating. In addition, we used subchronic PCP treatment to produce cognitive deficits and social aversion, and assessed the effect of 2-bromoterguride on the performance in the novel object recognition (NOR) task (model for studying cognitive deficit symptoms of schizophrenia) and the social interaction test (model for studying negative symptoms of schizophrenia). Finally, we extended the side effect profile of 2-bromoterguride by measuring the prolactin response to systemic administration of the drug in rats. RESULTS Treatment with 2-bromoterguride (0.1 and 0.3 mg/kg) reversed PPI deficits induced by apomorphine and PCP, respectively. Subchronic PCP induced impairments in object memory and social interaction behavior which were ameliorated by 2-bromoterguride but not by clozapine and aripiprazole, respectively. Prolactin concentration in blood serum was not elevated at 1, 2, or 4 h post-2-bromoterguride treatment, which further supports the safe and effective use of this drug. CONCLUSIONS Our data support 2-bromoterguride as a promising APD candidate due to its beneficial effect on cognitive impairments and negative symptoms of schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Tarland
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert T. Franke
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heidrun Fink
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Heinz H. Pertz
- Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jan Brosda
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany. .,Bundesamt für Risikobewertung (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589, Berlin, Germany.
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Wu J, Zhao R, Guo L, Zhen X. Morphine-induced inhibition of Ca 2+ -dependent d-serine release from astrocytes suppresses excitability of GABAergic neurons in the nucleus accumbens. Addict Biol 2017; 22:1289-1303. [PMID: 27239019 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The nucleus accumbens (NAc) plays a critical role in addictive drug-induced behavioral changes. d-serine is present at high levels in the brain and is involved in the regulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate glutamate (NMDA)-dependent synaptic activity. In this study, we aimed to examine the involvement of d-serine in morphine addiction. Morphine decreased the NMDA receptor-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents and excitability of GABAergic neurons in the NAc, while exogenous d-serine alleviated the effects of morphine. Morphine reduced extracellular d-serine levels in rat NAc or in primary culture of astrocytes through inhibition of intracellular Ca2+ signals and blockade of d-serine release from cell vesicles. Morphine induced robust internalization of α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionate acid receptor (AMPAR) in primary cultured astrocytes. Moreover, administration of exogenous d-serine to rats inhibited the development of locomotor sensitization to morphine, attenuated the morphine-induced potentiation on conditioned place preference and suppressed the morphine-enhanced expression of p-CREB and ΔFosB in the NAc. Overall, our results showed that morphine inhibited d-serine release from astrocytes through modulation of AMPAR-mediated Ca2+ influx, and led to the inhibition of postsynaptic excitability of GABAergic neurons in the NAc. This work may provide a new insight into the underlying mechanisms of morphine addiction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; China
- College of Medicine; Nantong University; China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; China
| | - Lin Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuropsychiatric Disorders and The Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Sciences, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Soochow University; China
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Design and optimization of purine derivatives as in vivo active PDE10A inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:3315-3329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Levo-Tetrahydroberberrubine Produces Anxiolytic-Like Effects in Mice through the 5-HT1A Receptor. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0168964. [PMID: 28085967 PMCID: PMC5234788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 12/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) are isoquinoline alkaloids isolated from the Chinese herb Corydalis yanhusuo. In the present study, we performed competitive binding assays to examine the binding of l-THBr to neurotransmitter receptors known to be involved in sedation, hypnosis and anxiety. Our results show that l-THBr does not interact with GABAergic receptors but has binding affinities for dopamine and serotonin receptors. In addition, cAMP and [35S]GTPγS assays were used to determine the agonist or antagonist properties of l-THBr at dopamine (D1, D2) or serotonin (5-HT) receptors. Our results show that l-THBr displays D1 and D2 antagonist and 5-HT1A agonist properties. Moreover, l-THBr-treated rodents exhibit anxiolytic-like effects in the light/dark box and elevated plus-maze tests, and the anxiolytic effect of l-THBr can be reduced by WAY-100635, a selective 5-HT1A receptor antagonist. Our results suggest that l-THBr may produce potent anxiolytic-like effects mainly through serotonin receptors.
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Wang JR, Sun PH, Ren ZX, Meltzer HY, Zhen XC. GSK-3β Interacts with Dopamine D1 Receptor to Regulate Receptor Function: Implication for Prefrontal Cortical D1 Receptor Dysfunction in Schizophrenia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2016; 23:174-187. [PMID: 27996211 DOI: 10.1111/cns.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Impaired dopamine D1 receptor (D1R) function in prefrontal cortex (PFC) is believed to contribute to the PFC hypofunction that has been hypothesized to be associated with negative symptoms and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. It is therefore critical to understand the mechanisms for modulation of D1R function. AIMS To investigate the physical interaction and functional modulation between D1R and GSK-3β. RESULTS D1R and GSK-3β physically interact in cultured cells and native brain tissues. This direct interaction was found to occur at the S(417)PALS(421) motif in the C-terminus of D1R. Inhibition of GSK-3β impaired D1R activation along with a decrease in D1R-GSK-3β interaction. GSK-3β inhibition reduced agonist-stimulated D1R desensitization and endocytosis, the latter associated with the reduction of membrane translocation of β-arrestin-2. Similarly, inhibition of GSK-3β in rat PFC also resulted in impaired D1R activation and association with GSK-3β. Moreover, in a NMDA antagonist animal model of schizophrenia, we detected a decrease in prefrontal GSK-3β activity and D1R-GSK-3β association and decreased D1R activation in the PFC. CONCLUSIONS The present work identified GSK-3β as a new interacting protein for D1R functional regulation and revealed a novel mechanism for GSK-3β-regulated D1R function which may underlie D1R dysfunction in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Ru Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei-Hua Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Ren
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Herbert Y Meltzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xue-Chu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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Chen XW, Sun YY, Fu L, Li JQ. Synthesis and pharmacological characterization of novel N -( trans -4-(2-(4-(benzo[ d ]isothiazol-3-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethyl)cyclohexyl)amides as potential multireceptor atypical antipsychotics. Eur J Med Chem 2016; 123:332-353. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2016.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Timosaponin derivative YY-23 acts as a non-competitive NMDA receptor antagonist and exerts a rapid antidepressant-like effect in mice. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:166-76. [PMID: 26687936 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor modulators have shown promising results as potential antidepressant agents, whereas timosaponins extracted from the Chinese herb Rhizoma Anemarrhenae exhibit antidepressant activities. In the present study we examined whether YY-23, a modified metabolite of timosaponin B-III, could affect NMDA receptors in rat hippocampal neurons in vitro, and evaluated its antidepressant-like effects in stressed mice. METHODS NMDA-induced currents were recorded in acutely dissociated rat hippocampal CA1 neurons using a whole-cell recording technique. C57BL/6 mice were exposed to a 6-week chronic mild stress (CMS) or a 10-d chronic social defeat stress (CSDS). The stressed mice were treated with YY-23 (20 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) or a positive-control drug, fluoxetine (10 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1)) for 3 weeks. Behavioral assessments were carried out every week. RESULTS In acutely dissociated rat hippocampal CA1 neurons, YY-23 selectively and reversibly inhibited NMDA-induced currents with an EC50 value of 2.8 μmol/L. This inhibition of NMDA-induced currents by YY-23 was non-competitive, and had no features of voltage-dependency or use-dependency. Treatment of the stressed mice with YY-23 not only reversed CMS-induced deficiency of sucrose preference and immobility time, and CSDS-induced reduction of social interaction, but also had faster onset as compared to fluoxetine. CONCLUSION YY-23 is a novel non-competitive antagonist of NMDA receptors with promising rapid antidepressant-like effects in mouse models of CMS and CSDS depression.
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Yang SS, Huang CL, Chen HE, Tung CS, Shih HP, Liu YP. Effects of SPAK knockout on sensorimotor gating, novelty exploration, and brain area-dependent expressions of NKCC1 and KCC2 in a mouse model of schizophrenia. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2015; 61:30-6. [PMID: 25797415 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2014] [Revised: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
SPAK (Sterile 20/SPS1-related proline/alanine-rich kinase) is a protein kinase belonging to the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) superfamily that has been found to be extensively distributed across the body. The SPAK downstream substrates NKCC1 and KCC2 in the central nervous system are important in the interpretation of developmental mental disorders. The present study aimed to clarify the role of SPAK-NKCC1/KCC2 using a rodent schizophrenia-like model. The mouse paradigm of isolation rearing (IR) was employed, as it simulates the sensorimotor gating abnormalities of schizophrenia. SPAK transgenic mice were used and were divided into four groups: social-wild type, social-SPAK(-/-), isolation-wild type, and isolation-SPAK(-/-). The prepulse inhibition (PPI) test and the novel object recognition test (NORT) were used to measure schizophrenia-associated dysfunctions in gating ability and the novelty recognition, respectively. Finally, the protein expressions of NKCC1/KCC2 in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus were detected to determine correlations with the behavioral data. Our results demonstrated that SPAK-null mice had superior PPI and novelty recognition relative to wild type controls, with a concomitant increase in KCC2 in the prefrontal cortex. IR disrupted PPI and NORT performances with an associated increase in KCC2. Furthermore, rearing environment and gene manipulation had mutually interactive effects, as the IR-induced effects on PPI and NORT were reversed by SPAK knockout, and the increase in KCC2 and the decreased in the NKCC1/KCC2 ratio in the prefrontal cortex induced by SPAK knockout were reversed by IR. Our data supported the gene-environment hypothesis and demonstrated the potential value of SPAK manipulation in future schizophrenia studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Sen Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chuen-Lin Huang
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Huei-E Chen
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Che-Se Tung
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Medical Research and Education, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Peng Shih
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yia-Ping Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, Tri-Service General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Lian P, Li L, Geng C, Zhen X, Fu W. Higher-Affinity Agonists of 5-HT1AR Discovered through Tuning the Binding-Site Flexibility. J Chem Inf Model 2015; 55:1616-27. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.5b00164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Lian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - LinLang Li
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuropsychiatric-Diseases,
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Chuanrong Geng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuropsychiatric-Diseases,
Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, China
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Meade JA, Free RB, Miller NR, Chun LS, Doyle TB, Moritz AE, Conroy JL, Watts VJ, Sibley DR. (-)-Stepholidine is a potent pan-dopamine receptor antagonist of both G protein- and β-arrestin-mediated signaling. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2015; 232:917-30. [PMID: 25231919 PMCID: PMC5234683 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-014-3726-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE (-)-Stepholidine is a tetrahydroberberine alkaloid that is known to interact with dopamine receptors and has also been proposed as a novel antipsychotic agent. Its suggested novelty lies in the fact that it has been proposed to have D1-like receptor agonist and D2-like receptor antagonist properties. Thus, it might be effective in treating both positive and negative (cognition) symptoms of schizophrenia. However, its activity on specific dopamine receptor subtypes has not been clarified, especially with respect to its ability to activate D1-like receptors. OBJECTIVES We wished to examine the affinity and functional activity of (-)-stepholidine at each of the human dopamine receptor subtypes expressed in a defined cellular environment. METHODS D1-D5 dopamine receptors were stably expressed in cell lines and their interactions with (-)-stepholidine were examined using radioligand binding and various functional signaling assays. Radioligand binding assays were also performed using bovine striatal membranes. RESULTS (-)-Stepholidine exhibited high (nM) affinity for D1 and D5 receptors, somewhat lower (two- to four-fold) affinity for D2 and D3 receptors, and low micromolar affinity for D4 receptors. Functionally, (-)-stepholidine was ineffective in activating G protein-mediated signaling of D1-like and D2 receptors and was also ineffective in stimulating β-arrestin recruitment to any dopamine receptor subtype. It did, however, antagonize all of these responses. It also antagonized D1-D2 heteromer-mediated Ca(2+) mobilization. Radioligand binding assays of D1-like receptors in brain membranes also indicated that (-)-stepholidine binds to the D1 receptor with antagonist-like properties. CONCLUSIONS (-)-Stepholidine is a pan-dopamine receptor antagonist and its in vivo effects are largely mediated through dopamine receptor blockade with potential cross-talk to other receptors or signaling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie A Meade
- Molecular Neuropharmacology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Room 4S-04, Bethesda, MD, 20892-9405, USA
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Liu Y, Guo L, Duan H, Zhang L, Jiang N, Zhen X, Shen J. Discovery of 4-benzoylpiperidine and 3-(piperidin-4-yl)benzo[d]isoxazole derivatives as potential and selective GlyT1 inhibitors. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra04714e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two series of potential and selective GlyT1 inhibitors were discovered by bioisosteric replacement.23qwas effective on chronic PCP-treated schizophrenia-like behavioral models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Lin Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Department of Pharmacology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
- China
| | - Hongliang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Liming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
| | - Neng Jiang
- China Pharmaceutical University
- Nanjing 210009
- China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Department of Pharmacology
- Soochow University
- Suzhou 215006
- China
| | - Jianhua Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Shanghai 201203
- China
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15
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Li Z, Huang J, Sun H, Zhou S, Guo L, Zhou Y, Zhen X, Liu H. Design, synthesis and evaluation of benzo[a]thieno[3,2-g]quinolizines as novel l-SPD derivatives possessing dopamine D1, D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A multiple action profiles. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5838-46. [PMID: 25308766 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A novel scaffold derived from l-SPD with a substituted thiophene group in the D ring were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their binding affinities at dopamine (D1, D2 and D3) and serotonin (5-HT1A and 5-HT2A) receptors. Most of the tetracyclic compounds exhibited higher affinities for D2 and 5-HT1A receptors than l-SPD, while compound 23 e showed the highest Ki value of 7.54 nM at D2 receptor which was 14 times more potent than l-SPD. Additionally, compounds 23 d and 23 e were more potent than l-SPD at D3 receptor. According to the functional assays, 23 d and 23 e were demonstrated as full antagonists at D1 and D2 receptors and full agonists at 5-HT1A receptor. Since the combination of D2 antagonism and 5-HT1A agonism is considered effective in treating both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia, these novel compounds are implicated as potential therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Jiye Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Haifeng Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Shengbin Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Lin Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Yu Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Xuechu Zhen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou, PR China; Department of Pharmacology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Hong Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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16
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Brisch R, Saniotis A, Wolf R, Bielau H, Bernstein HG, Steiner J, Bogerts B, Braun K, Jankowski Z, Kumaratilake J, Henneberg M, Gos T, Henneberg M, Gos T. The role of dopamine in schizophrenia from a neurobiological and evolutionary perspective: old fashioned, but still in vogue. Front Psychiatry 2014; 5:47. [PMID: 24904434 PMCID: PMC4032934 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopamine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. The revised dopamine hypothesis states that dopamine abnormalities in the mesolimbic and prefrontal brain regions exist in schizophrenia. However, recent research has indicated that glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, and serotonin alterations are also involved in the pathology of schizophrenia. This review provides an in-depth analysis of dopamine in animal models of schizophrenia and also focuses on dopamine and cognition. Furthermore, this review provides not only an overview of dopamine receptors and the antipsychotic effects of treatments targeting them but also an outline of dopamine and its interaction with other neurochemical models of schizophrenia. The roles of dopamine in the evolution of the human brain and human mental abilities, which are affected in schizophrenia patients, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Brisch
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Arthur Saniotis
- School of Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia ; Centre for Evolutionary Medicine, University of Zurich , Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Rainer Wolf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Ruhr University Bochum , Bochum , Germany
| | - Hendrik Bielau
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Hans-Gert Bernstein
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Johann Steiner
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Bernhard Bogerts
- Department of Psychiatry, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Katharina Braun
- Department of Zoology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University of Magdeburg , Magdeburg , Germany
| | - Zbigniew Jankowski
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Jaliya Kumaratilake
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
| | - Maciej Henneberg
- Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Adelaide , Adelaide, SA , Australia
| | - Tomasz Gos
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk , Gdańsk , Poland
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17
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Asymmetric total synthesis and identification of tetrahydroprotoberberine derivatives as new antipsychotic agents possessing a dopamine D1, D2 and serotonin 5-HT1A multi-action profile. Bioorg Med Chem 2013; 21:856-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Revised: 12/12/2012] [Accepted: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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A preclinical assessment of d.l-govadine as a potential antipsychotic and cognitive enhancer. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2012; 15:1441-55. [PMID: 22071247 DOI: 10.1017/s146114571100157x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tetrahydroprotoberberines (THPBs) are compounds derived from traditional Chinese medicine and increasing preclinical evidence suggests efficacy in treatment of a wide range of symptoms observed in schizophrenia. A receptor-binding profile of the THPB, d.l-govadine (d.l-Gov), reveals high affinity for dopamine and noradrenaline receptors, efficacy as a D2 receptor antagonist, brain penetrance in the 10-300 ng/g range, and thus motivated an assessment of the antipsychotic and pro-cognitive properties of this compound in the rat. Increased dopamine efflux in the prefrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens, measured by microdialysis, is observed following subcutaneous injection of the drug. d.l-Gov inhibits both conditioned avoidance responding (CAR) and amphetamine-induced locomotion (AIL) at lower doses than clozapine (CAR ED50: d.l-Gov 0.72 vs. clozapine 7.70 mg/kg; AIL ED50: d.l-Gov 1.70 vs. clozapine 4.27 mg/kg). Catalepsy is not detectable at low biologically relevant doses, but is observed at higher doses. Consistent with previous reports, acute d-amphetamine disrupts latent inhibition (LI) while a novel finding of enhanced LI is observed in sensitized animals. Treatment with d.l-Gov prior to conditioned stimulus (CS) pre-exposure restores LI to levels observed in controls in both sensitized animals and those treated acutely with d-amphetamine. Finally, possible pro-cognitive properties of d.l-Gov are assessed with the spatial delayed win-shift task. Subcutaneous injection of 1.0 mg/kg d.l-Gov failed to affect errors at a 30-min delay, but decreased errors observed at a 12-h delay. Collectively, these data provide the first evidence that d.l-Gov may have antipsychotic properties in conjunction with pro-cognitive effects, lending further support to the hypothesis that THPBs are a class of compounds which merit serious consideration as novel treatments for schizophrenia.
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19
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Design, synthesis, and pharmacological evaluation of novel tetrahydroprotoberberine derivatives: Selective inhibitors of dopamine D1 receptor. Bioorg Med Chem 2012; 20:4862-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2012.05.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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20
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Lyon L, Saksida LM, Bussey TJ. Spontaneous object recognition and its relevance to schizophrenia: a review of findings from pharmacological, genetic, lesion and developmental rodent models. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2012; 220:647-72. [PMID: 22068459 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-011-2536-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Spontaneous (novel) object recognition (SOR) is one of the most widely used rodent behavioural tests. The opportunity for rapid data collection has made SOR a popular choice in studies that explore cognitive impairment in rodent models of schizophrenia, and that test the efficacy of drugs intended to reverse these deficits. OBJECTIVES We provide an overview of the many recent studies that have used SOR to explore the mnemonic effects of manipulation of the key transmitter systems relevant to schizophrenia-the dopamine, glutamate, GABA, acetylcholine, serotonin and cannabinoid systems-alone or in combination. We also review the use of SOR in studying memory in genetically modified mouse models of schizophrenia, as well as in neurodevelopmental and lesion models. We end by discussing the construct and predictive validity, and translational relevance, of SOR with respect to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. RESULTS Perturbation of the dopamine or glutamate systems can generate robust and reliable impairment in SOR. Impaired performance is also seen following antagonism of the muscarinic acetylcholine system, or exposure to cannabinoid agonists. Cognitive enhancement has been reported using alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists and 5-HT(6) antagonists. Among non-pharmacological models, neonatal ventral hippocampal lesions and maternal immune activation can impair SOR, while mixed results have been obtained with mice carrying mutations in schizophrenia risk-associated genes, including neuregulin and COMT. CONCLUSIONS While SOR is not without its limitations, the task represents a useful method for studying manipulations with relevance to cognitive impairment in schizophrenia, as well as the interactions between them.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lyon
- Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing St, Cambridge, CB2 3EB, UK
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21
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Perreault ML, O'Dowd BF, George SR. Dopamine receptor homooligomers and heterooligomers in schizophrenia. CNS Neurosci Ther 2010; 17:52-7. [PMID: 21199449 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2010.00228.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past two decades the dopamine D2 receptor has been undoubtedly the most widely studied dopamine receptor for the therapeutic treatment of schizophrenia, as the majority of antipsychotics exhibit antagonism at this receptor. However, the cognitive symptoms of the disorder are mostly resistant to the majority of available antipsychotic treatments and, as a result, there is a critical need to develop novel therapies that ameliorate all symptoms. The recognition that dopamine receptors, such as all G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), exist as oligomeric complexes has provided new avenues for drug design in the search for novel therapies. Furthermore, that it is now known that dopamine receptors can form heteromers, such as the dopamine D1-D2 receptor heteromer, with pharmacology and function distinct from its constituent receptors, has significantly expanded the range of potential drug targets. The aim of this review is to discuss the therapeutic relevance of these dopamine receptor oligomers to schizophrenia and to address the potential value of dopamine receptor heteromers in the search for new therapeutic strategies.
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22
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Gao M, Chu HY, Jin GZ, Zhang ZJ, Wu J, Zhen XC. l-Stepholidine-induced excitation of dopamine neurons in rat ventral tegmental area is associated with its 5-HT1A receptor partial agonistic activity. Synapse 2010; 65:379-87. [DOI: 10.1002/syn.20855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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23
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Cheng TMK, Lu YE, Guest PC, Rahmoune H, Harris LW, Wang L, Ma D, Stelzhammer V, Umrania Y, Wayland MT, Lió P, Bahn S. Identification of targeted analyte clusters for studies of schizophrenia. Mol Cell Proteomics 2009; 9:510-22. [PMID: 20007949 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m900372-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for biomarkers to diagnose psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia has been underway for decades. Many molecular profiling studies in this field have focused on identifying individual marker signals that show significant differences in expression between patients and the normal population. However, signals for multiple analyte combinations that exhibit patterned behaviors have been less exploited. Here, we present a novel approach for identifying biomarkers of schizophrenia using expression of serum analytes from first onset, drug-naïve patients and normal controls. The strength of patterned signals was amplified by analyzing data in reproducing kernel spaces. This resulted in the identification of small sets of analytes referred to as targeted clusters that have discriminative power specifically for schizophrenia in both human and rat models. These clusters were associated with specific molecular signaling pathways and less strongly related to other neuropsychiatric disorders such as major depressive disorder and bipolar disorder. These results shed new light concerning how complex neuropsychiatric diseases behave at the pathway level and demonstrate the power of this approach in identification of disease-specific biomarkers and potential novel therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tammy M K Cheng
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QT, United Kingdom
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