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Ma S, Yang M, Wang F, Luo C, Xu P, Ma J, Chen X. Autochthonous organic matter input in reservoirs: Limited methane oxidation in sediments fails to suppress methane emission. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 945:174122. [PMID: 38901585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The interception of rivers leads to the accumulation of substantial organic matter in reservoirs, exerting a significant influence on greenhouse gas emissions. The diverse imported organic matter, coupled with sedimentary heterogeneity and intricate microbial processes, gives rise to seasonal variations in methane emissions from reservoirs. In this study, sediment cores were supplemented with terrestrial or autochthonous carbon to emulate reservoir carbon input across different seasons, thereby investigating methane emission potential and associated microbial mechanisms within the sediment cores. Results demonstrated that autochthonous organic matter enhanced sediment organic content, thereby providing more substrates for the methanogenic process and fostering the proliferation of methanogens (with a relative abundance of 47.17 % to 60.66 %). Notably, the dominant genera of Methanosaeta, Methanosarcina, and Candidatus Methanomethylicus were boost on the surface layer of sediment. Concurrently, the introduction of autochthonous organic carbon spurred an increase in methane-oxidizing microbe, reaching up to 5.59 %, with Methylobacter and Candidatus Methanoperedens as the predominant species, which led to a downward migration of the functional microbial group in the sediment. Under the priming impact of autochthonous carbon, however, the methane oxidation probably doesn't consume the substantial methane produced in sediment. Consequently, the sediment functions as a hotspot for methane release into the overlying water, highlighting the necessity to include summer as critical periods for integrated assessments, particularly during algae bloom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwen Ma
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chai Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Peifan Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Jing Ma
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
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2
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Sun Q, Yan Z, Wang J, Chen JA, Li X, Shi W, Liu J, Li SL. Evaluating impacts of climate and management on reservoir water quality using environmental fluid dynamics code. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174608. [PMID: 38997040 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
Climate change and human interference, notably nutrient input, affect the water quality. Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are pivotal in managing eutrophication. This study investigated the effects of water dynamics and chemical constituents on water quality in Hongfeng Lake, a typical weakly stratified reservoir suffering from algae blooms in Southwest China, using the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code. Leveraging climate, hydrological, and water quality data, we constructed, calibrated, and validated the temperature-hydrodynamics-water quality-sediment model. Various scenarios were analyzed, including wind speed, air temperature, solar radiation, rainfall, water discharge, N and P external input, and internal release. The findings revealed that no rain and warming increased trophic state index (TSI) and chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) concentration, and no solar radiation initially elevated nitrate concentration, followed by an increase in ammonium concentration. Besides, no solar radiation and changes in rainfall significantly increased total phosphate concentration. The management scenarios of N and P reduction, halving tributary, and mainstream flow scenarios improved water quality and reduced eutrophication. The wind speed under the N and P reduced scenarios showed that a doubling in wind led to increased concentrations of the particulate organic matter, Chl-a, and dissolved oxygen, alongside decreased ammonium and nitrate, while TSI exhibited minimal change. However, 5- and 10-times wind speed scenarios amplified TSI in shallow water, potentially due to a substantial rise in internal nutrient release. The degradation trend observed in drinking water quality amid climate change (warming and flooding) raises concerns regarding health-related risks. These simulations provided the quantified influence of climate change and environmental management strategies on water quality in the weakly stratified reservoir, notably highlighting the looming threat of exacerbated eutrophication due to warming, necessitating more stringent N and P reduction measures compared to current practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Sun
- Institute of Surface Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Zhifeng Yan
- Institute of Surface Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jingfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Jing-An Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Institute of Surface Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Weiwei Shi
- Institute of Surface Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Management Science, Guizhou University of Finance and Economics, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Si-Liang Li
- Institute of Surface Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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3
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Liu X, Li X, Shi F, Wang Z, Liu M, Zhang X, Zhang Z. Thermal structure regulates the dynamics of carbon dioxide flux in alpine saline lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 931:172700. [PMID: 38657815 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Thermal stratification and mixing play important roles in the physicochemical composition of lakes and affect the geochemical cycle. However, the regulation of lake carbon exchange at the water-air interface by seasonal thermal structures remains unclear, especially for alpine saline lake on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP). Based on continuous field sampling, carbon dioxide flux (FCO2) at the water-air interface in Qinghai Lake during the ice-free period was quantitatively analyzed by thin boundary layer model, as well as the driving factors of the change in FCO2 at the water-air interface. The findings revealed that the FCO2 was -22.16 ± 11.73 mmol m-2d-1 during the stratification period, and - 45.32 ± 29.67 mmol m-2d-1 during the mixing period. We found that thermal stratification limits the matter-energy exchange between the upper and bottom water columns, and carbonate precipitation results in a higher FCO2 than during mixing stage. However, the mixing process reduces the limiting effect of thermal stratification. During the carbonate process, water with higher salinity and pH at the bottom of the water column enters the upper part of the water column, reducing the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) in the water column and causing the absorption of CO2 by the lake. Thermal stratification affects the vertical material-energy exchange and atmospheric CO2 uptake of lake. The present study further explains the possible underlying regulation of CO2 uptake in saline lake on the QTP involving the varied thermal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaoyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Academy of Plateau Science and Sustainability, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China; College of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China.
| | - Fangzhong Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; Research and Development Center for Watershed Environmental Eco-Engineering, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai 519085, China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Menglin Liu
- College of Geographical Sciences, Qinghai Normal University, Xining 810016, China
| | - Xia Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Zhanfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Yang P, Zhang L, Lin Y, Yang H, Lai DYF, Tong C, Zhang Y, Tan L, Zhao G, Tang KW. Significant inter-annual fluctuation in CO 2 and CH 4 diffusive fluxes from subtropical aquaculture ponds: Implications for climate change and carbon emission evaluations. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 249:120943. [PMID: 38064785 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Aquaculture ponds are potential hotspots for carbon cycling and emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) like CO2 and CH4, but they are often poorly assessed in the global GHG budget. This study determined the temporal variations of CO2 and CH4 concentrations and diffusive fluxes and their environmental drivers in coastal aquaculture ponds in southeastern China over a five-year period (2017-2021). The findings indicated that CH4 flux from aquaculture ponds fluctuated markedly year-to-year, and CO2 flux varied between positive and negative between years. The coefficient of inter-annual variation of CO2 and CH4 diffusive fluxes was 168% and 127%, respectively, highlighting the importance of long-term observations to improve GHG assessment from aquaculture ponds. In addition to chlorophyll-a and dissolved oxygen as the common environmental drivers, CO2 was further regulated by total dissolved phosphorus and CH4 by dissolved organic carbon. Feed conversion ratio correlated positively with both CO2 and CH4 concentrations and fluxes, showing that unconsumed feeds fueled microbial GHG production. A linear regression based on binned (averaged) monthly CO2 diffusive flux data, calculated from CO2 concentrations, can be used to estimate CH4 diffusive flux with a fair degree of confidence (r2 = 0.66; p < 0.001). This algorithm provides a simple and practical way to assess the total carbon diffusive flux from aquaculture ponds. Overall, this study provides new insights into mitigating the carbon footprint of aquaculture production and assessing the impact of aquaculture ponds on the regional and global scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China; Research Centre of Wetlands in Subtropical Region, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China.
| | - Linhai Zhang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China
| | - Yongxin Lin
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Subtropical Resources and Environment, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, PR China
| | - Hong Yang
- Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Reading, Reading, UK; College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, China
| | - Derrick Y F Lai
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chuan Tong
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Key Laboratory of Humid Subtropical Eco-geographical Process of Ministry of Education, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China; Research Centre of Wetlands in Subtropical Region, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China.
| | - Yifei Zhang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China
| | - Lishan Tan
- Department of Geography and Resource Management, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Guanghui Zhao
- School of Geographical Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350007, PR China
| | - Kam W Tang
- Department of Biosciences, Swansea University, Swansea, SA2 8PP, UK.
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Wang W, Li SL, Zhong J, Yi Y, Yue F, Han Z, Wu Q, He D, Liu CQ. Unraveling the factors influencing CO 2 emissions from hydroelectric reservoirs in karst and non-karst regions: A comparative analysis. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 248:120893. [PMID: 38000226 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Carbon migration, transformation, and emissions as CO2 in reservoir and lake systems have been extensively studied. However, uncertainties persist regarding carbon cycling variations in both karst and non-karst regions within large thermal stratified river-reservoir systems. To address this knowledge gap, we combined measurements of water chemistry, isotopic compositions (δ13C), partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), and CO2 fluxes (FCO2) to elucidate the differences, control mechanisms, and environmental effects of various carbon biogeochemical processes in the Hongjiadu reservoir (HJD, karst reservoir) and Shangyoujiang reservoir (SYJ, non-karst reservoir), Yangtze River basin, China. Our results demonstrate that key biogeochemical processes are associated with CO2 production and emissions. The stronger biological carbon pump (BCP) effect in the lentic area of the HJD reservoir limited CO2 emission (0.9 ± 5.0 mmol m-2 d-1) compared to the SYJ reservoir (50.9 ± 33.4 mmol m-2 d-1), leading to low dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and high saturation state of carbonate minerals in the lentic epilimnion. Although the released water from both reservoirs acted as hotspots for CO2 emissions, the results of higher Revelle factor (RF) in the HJD reservoir than SYJ reservoir suggest the greater buffer capacity and lower sensitivity of OC degradation changes in DIC. Despite the shorter hydraulic retention time (HRT) of SYJ reservoir (120 d) compared to HJD reservoir (368 d), FCO2 was 3.5 times higher than that of the HJD reservoir (652.9 mmol m-2 d-1). Moreover, upon analyzing selected reservoirs worldwide, it becomes apparent that karst reservoirs demonstrate a reduced potential for CO2 emissions. Our results indicate that the impact of varying geologic settings should be considered to minimize errors in regional and global CO2 emission estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfa Wang
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Si-Liang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Jun Zhong
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yuanbi Yi
- Department of Ocean Science, Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macau, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Fujun Yue
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zenglei Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qixin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou Karst Environmental Ecosystems Observation and Research Station, Ministry of Education, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Ding He
- Department of Ocean Science, Center for Ocean Research in Hong Kong and Macau, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Zhang S, Wang F, Wang Y, Chen X, Xu P, Miao H. Shifts of soil archaeal nitrification and methanogenesis with elevation in water level fluctuation zone of the three Gorges Reservoir, China. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 339:117871. [PMID: 37030237 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The water level fluctuation zone is a unique ecological zone exposed to long-term drying and flooding and plays a critical role in the transport and transformation of carbon and nitrogen materials in reservoir-river systems. Archaea are a vital component of soil ecosystems in the water level fluctuation zones, however, the distribution and function of archaeal communities in responde to long-term wet and dry alternations are still unclear. The community structure of archaea in the drawdown areas at various elevations of the Three Gorges Reservoir was investigated by selecting surface soils (0-5 cm) of different inundation durations at three sites from upstream to downstream according to the flooding pattern. The results revealed that prolonged flooding and drying increased the community diversity of soil archaea, with ammonia-oxidizing archaea being the dominant species in non-flooded regions, while methanogenic archaea were abundant in soils that had been flooded for an extended period of time. Long-term alternation of wetting and drying increases methanogenesis but decreases nitrification. It was determined that soil pH, NO3--N, TOC and TN are significant environmental factors affecting the composition of soil archaeal communities (P = 0.02). Long-term flooding and drying changed the community composition of soil archaea by altering environmental factors, which in turn influenced nitrification and methanogenesis in soils at different elevations. These findings contribute to our understanding of soil carbon and nitrogen transport transformation processes in the water level fluctuation zone as well as the effects of long-term wet and dry alternation on soil carbon and nitrogen cycles. The results of this study can provide a basis for ecological management, environmental management, and long-term operation of reservoirs in water level fluctuation zones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengman Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Yuchun Wang
- China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 100038, China.
| | - Xueping Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Peifan Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
| | - Haocheng Miao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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7
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Xiao T, Ran F, Li Z, Wang S, Nie X, Liu Y, Yang C, Tan M, Feng S. Sediment organic carbon dynamics response to land use change in diverse watershed anthropogenic activities. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 172:107788. [PMID: 36738584 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sediment organic carbon (SOC) is a precious archive that synthesizes anthropogenic processes that remove geochemical fluxes from watersheds. However, the scarcity of inspection about the dynamic mechanisms of anthropogenic activities on SOC limits understanding into how key human factors drive carbon dynamics. Here, four typical basins with similar natural but significantly diverse human contexts (high-moderate-low disturbance: XJ-ZS and YJ-LS) were selected to reconstruct sedimentation rates (SR) and SOC dynamics nearly a century based on 200-cm corers. A partial least squares path model (PLS-PM) was used to establish successive (70 years) and multiple anthropogenic data (population, agriculture, land use, etc.) quantification methods for SOC. Intensified anthropogenic disturbances shifted all SR from pre-stable to post-1960s fluctuating increases (total coefficient: high: 0.63 < low: 0.47 < medium: 0.45). Although land use change was co-critical driver of SOC variations, their trend and extent differed under the dams and other disturbances (SOC mutated in high-moderate but stable in low). For high basin, land use changes increased (0.12) but dams reduced (-0.10) the downstream SOC. Furthermore, SOC mutation corresponded to soil erosion due to urbanization in both periods A and B. For moderate, SOC was reversed with the increase in afforestation and cropland (-0.19) due to the forest excitation effect and deep ploughing, which corresponded to the drought in phase B and the anthropogenic ecological project in A. For low, the increase in SOC corresponded to the Great Leap Forward deforestation in period B and the reed sweep in A, which suggested the minor land change substantially affected (0.16) SOC in fragile environments. Overall, SOC dynamics revealed that anthropogenic activities affected terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems for near the centenary, especially land use. This is constructive for agroforestry management and reservoir construction, consistent with expectations like upstream carbon sequestration and downstream carbon stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xiao
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Fengwei Ran
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, PR China.
| | - Shilan Wang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Nie
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Yaojun Liu
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Changrong Yang
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Subtropical Ecology and Environmental Change, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Min Tan
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Sirui Feng
- School of Geographical Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
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Determining whether Qinghai-Tibet Plateau waterbodies have acted like carbon sinks or sources over the past 20 years. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:2345-2357. [PMID: 36546224 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2022.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Half of all of China's lakes are on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau (QTP), which are mainly distributed at altitudes above 4000 m asl. Being under conditions of progressively intensifying anthropogenic activities and climate change, the debate on whether QTP lakes act as carbon (C) sinks or sources remains unresolved. This study explores QTP lake C exchange processes and characteristics over the past two decades through field monitoring and data integration. Results reveal high lake carbon dioxide (CO2) exchange flux distribution patterns in its western and southern regions and correspondingly low values in its eastern and northern regions. Lake CO2 exchange flux rates also show significant temporal differences where those in the 2000s and 2010s were significantly higher compared to the 2020s. Annual total CO2 emission flux from QTP lakes has increased from 1.60 Tg C a-1 in the 2000s to 6.87 Tg C a-1 in the 2010s before decreasing to 1.16 Tg C a-1 in the 2020s. However, QTP lakes have generally acted as C sinks when annual ice-cover periods are included in the estimation of annual C budgets. Consequently, QTP lakes are gradually evolving towards C sinks. Some small-sized freshwater lakes on the QTP exhibit C sequestration characteristics while low-mid altitude saltwater lakes also act as C sinks. Therefore, owing to the high uncertainties in the estimation of C exchange flux, the QTP lake C sink capacity has been largely underestimated.
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9
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Liu L, Yang M, Luo J, Hu Z, Li X, Miao H, Chu Y, Xu P, Chen X, Wang F. Study on carbon dioxide emission from reservoirs with different regulation types and its empirical prediction model. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:69705-69716. [PMID: 35578073 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20515-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The construction of artificial reservoirs with various regulation types on river is currently an important form of comprehensive utilization of water energy and water resources in river basins. The type of regulation is important in controlling the residence time, which in turn affects the photosynthesis-respiration balance in the water. This process has a significant impact on carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from reservoirs. In this study, seasonal observations were carried out from September 2020 to July 2021 at five artificial reservoirs in the Qiantang River Basin, eastern China, to reveal the characteristics of CO2 emission from the water-air interface of reservoirs with different regulating types. The results showed that the annual average CO2 emission flux of the studied reservoirs varied significantly, ranging from 4.2 to 155.3 mmol m-2 day-1 with an average of 48.4 mmol m-2 day-1, which also had a significant negative correlation with the hydraulic retention time. While downstream of the dam, the annual average CO2 emission flux was quite high with a range of 105.8 to 543.0 mmol m-2 day-1, averaging 381.6 mmol m-2 day-1. This is mainly due to the release of water with high-concentration CO2 from the bottom of the reservoir. Additionally, using related data of reservoirs around the world, a CO2 emission model with hydraulic retention time, air temperature, and reservoir age as the primary parameters was developed, which was conducive to evaluate reservoir CO2 emissions on a larger scale and provided theoretical support for effective reservoir management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Liu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Meilin Yang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Jiajie Luo
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Zhehui Hu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xiaoying Li
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Haocheng Miao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Yongsheng Chu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Peifan Xu
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Xueping Chen
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, 99 Shangda Road, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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Wang B, Yang X, Li SL, Liang X, Li XD, Wang F, Yang M, Liu CQ. Anthropogenic regulation governs nutrient cycling and biological succession in hydropower reservoirs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155392. [PMID: 35461932 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydropower plays an important role in the supply of renewable energy, but it also exerts a great influence on the river continuum. Understanding nutrient cycling and microbial community succession in hydropower reservoirs is key to weighing hydroelectric pros and cons. However, the underlying control mechanisms are still not well known, especially with respect to the impacts of hydrological conditions. Based on a comprehensive survey of hydropower reservoirs along the Wujiang River in SW China and an integration of published data, we found that reservoir physicochemical and biological stratifications and planktonic microbial community assembly were synergistically evolving, and reservoir hydraulic load (i.e., mean water depth per unit retention time) was a key factor controlling the strength of stratifications, CO2 and N2O fluxes, nutrient retention efficiency, and bacterioplankton diversity. Hydraulic loads are artificially designed for hydropower reservoirs, and nutrient cycling and biological succession in reservoirs are thus governed by anthropogenic regulation. This study provides a theoretical basis to mitigate the environmental impacts of hydropower dams by regulating reservoir hydraulic load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoli Wang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
| | - Xinyue Yang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Si-Liang Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xia Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200244, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Li
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Meiling Yang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Li J, Pu J, Zhang T. Transport and transformation of dissolved inorganic carbon in a subtropical groundwater‑fed reservoir, south China. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 209:117905. [PMID: 34894443 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Most reservoirs in subtropical areas experience periodic variations in the thermal structure of their water columns, with times of strong thermal stratification being succeeded by periods of mixing, over the course of the year. Understanding of the transport and transformation of dissolved inorganic carbon over such thermal cycles in artificial reservoirs remains poor. To address this problem, this study examined the spatiotemporal behavior of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), the partial pressure of CO2 (pCO2), carbon isotope ratios (δ13CDIC), and CO2 emission (FCO2), from 2014 to 2018 in a subtropical, groundwater-fed reservoir in southern China. It was found that CO2 emissions during mixing periods are much higher than in thermally stratified periods (particularly during transition from stratified to mixing) as a result of upwelling and release of dissolved CO2 (CO2aq) accumulated in the hypolimnion. CO2 emission fluxes at the water-gas interface accounted for only a small proportion of the DIC in the reservoir. The relationships between of DIC and δ13CDIC displayed two distinct modes, due to spatial differences in water depths and to strong thermal stratification during warmer seasons: (1) DIC concentrations increase and δ13CDIC values decrease from epilimnion to hypolimnion, and (2) δ13CDIC values decrease with increasing DIC concentrations but δ13CDIC is progressively enriched near the bottom during periods of thermal stratification. In addition, this study found three distinct processes of DIC accumulation and consumption in the reservoir: (1) DIC accumulated in the hypolimnion during thermal stratification periods, due to carbon retention but (2) DIC was substantially consumed in the epilimnion during such periods, and (3) average DIC concentrations and pCO2 increased significantly from upstream to downstream along the reservoir, while average δ13CDIC values became lighter. These results highlight that carbon behavior in groundwater‑fed reservoirs is often controlled by a combination of biogeochemical processes and seasonal variations in thermal structure. Sampling and monitoring strategies should consider these factors in order to accurately estimate carbon budgets in reservoirs, lakes or ponds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhong Li
- Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics, MNR & Guangxi, Institute of Karst Geology, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Guilin 541004, PR China; School of Geography, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Junbing Pu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area & School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Wetland Science Research of the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Surface Process and Environment Remote Sensing in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area & School of Geography and Tourism, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, PR China
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Qin Y, Hao F, Zhang D, Lang Y, Wang F. Accumulation of organic carbon in a large canyon reservoir in Karstic area, Southwest China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:25163-25172. [PMID: 32342429 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08724-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Artificial reservoirs play an important role in intercepting organic carbon (OC), which affects the carbon cycle of inland waters. However, limited by the methods of field observations, studies on the potential carbon sink of sediment in reservoirs are not accurate enough. In this study, we investigated OC accumulation in the Wujiangdu Reservoir (WJDR), a canyon reservoir located in a karst area of Southwest China, by coupling seismic survey data with physicochemical data of sediment cores. The results showed that irregular underwater topography resulted in spatial heterogeneity of the sediment deposition. The mean OC accumulation rate in the WJDR was 579.2 g C m-2 year-1, and the OC accumulation flux of the WJDR was 1.4 × 1010 g C year-1. δ13C values coupled with a mixing model indicated that the autochthonous OC ranged from 14.2 to 97.0% of the total OC in the sediment, with an average of 48.4%. The significantly positive relationship between autochthonous OC and TN indicated that the autochthonous OC generated in the reservoir was associated with nutrient input. The autochthonous OC accumulation flux was 6.6 × 109 g C year-1, which was equal to 2.3 times the carbon emission from the reservoir surface to the atmosphere as CO2-C, indicating that the autochthonous OC produced within the reservoir is a large carbon sink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Qin
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Feng Hao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China
| | - Dong Zhang
- School of Resources & Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, No. 2001, Shiji Road, Jiaozuo City, 454000, Henan, China
| | - Yunchao Lang
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin, 300072, China
| | - Fushun Wang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, No. 99, Shangda Road, Baoshan District, Shanghai, 200444, China.
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