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Lu J, Lv S, Park HS, Chen Q. Electrocatalytically active and charged natural chalcopyrite for nitrate-contaminated wastewater purification extended to energy storage Zn-NO 3- battery. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 477:135287. [PMID: 39053059 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.135287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Charged natural chalcopyrite (CuFeS2, Ncpy) was developed for a three-dimensional electrochemical nitrate reduction (3D ENO3-RR) system with carbon fiber cloth cathode and Ti/IrO2 anode and Zn-NO3- battery. The 3D ENO3-RR system with Ncpy particle electrodes (PEs) possessed superior nitrate removal of 95.6 % and N2 selectivity of 76 % with excellent reusability under a broad pH range of 2-13 involving heterogeneous and homogeneous radical mechanisms. The Zn-NO3- battery with Ncpy cathode delivered an open-circuit voltage of 1.03 V and a cycling stability over 210 h. It was found that Ncpy PEs functioned through self-oxidation, surface dynamic reconstruction (Cu1.02Fe1.0S1.72O1.66 to Cu0.61Fe1.0S0.27O2.98), intrinsic micro-electric field (CuI, S2- anodic and FeIII cathodic poles), and reactive species (•OH, SO4•-, 1O2, •O2- and •H) generation. Computational analyses reveal that CuFeS2(112) surface with the lowest surface energy preferentially exposes Fe and Cu atoms. Cu site is beneficial for reducing NO3- to NO2-, Fe and Fe-Cu dual sites are conducive to N2 selectivity, lowering the overall reaction barriers. It paves the way for selective NO3- reduction in wastewater treatment and can be further extended to energy storage devices by utilizing low-cost Ncpy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Lu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Shaoyan Lv
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China
| | - Ho Seok Park
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nano Technology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea; SKKU Institute of Energy Science and Technology (SIEST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, the Republic of Korea; Department of Health Sciences and Technology, Samsung Advanced Institute for Health Sciences and Technology (SAIHST), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, the Republic of Korea.
| | - Quanyuan Chen
- School of Environment Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China; Shanghai Institution of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, PR China; State Environmental Protection Engineering Center for Pollution Treatment and Control in Textile Industry, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, PR China.
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2
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Qi S, Lei Z, Huo Q, Zhao J, Huang T, Meng N, Liao J, Yi J, Shang C, Zhang X, Yang H, Hu Q, He C. Ultrathin High-Entropy Fe-Based Spinel Oxide Nanosheets with Metalloid Band Structures for Efficient Nitrate Reduction toward Ammonia. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2403958. [PMID: 38641326 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Spinel oxides with tunable chemical compositions have emerged as versatile electrocatalysts, however their performance is greatly limited by small surface area and low electron conductivity. Here, ultrathin high-entropy Fe-based spinel oxides nanosheets are rationally designed (i.e., (Co0.2Ni0.2Zn0.2Mg0.2Cu0.2)Fe2O4; denotes A5Fe2O4) in thickness of ≈4.3 nm with large surface area and highly exposed active sites via a modified sol-gel method. Theoretic and experimental results confirm that the bandgap of A5Fe2O4 nanosheets is significantly smaller than that of ordinary Fe-based spinel oxides, realizing the transformation of binary spinel oxide from semiconductors to metalloids. As a result, such A5Fe2O4 nanosheets manifest excellent performance for the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3 -RR) to ammonia (NH3), with a NH3 yield rate of ≈2.1 mmol h-1 cm-2 at -0.5 V versus Reversible hydrogen electrode, outperforming other spinel-based electrocatalysts. Systematic mechanism investigations reveal that the NO3 -RR is mainly occurred on Fe sites, and introducing high-entropy compositions in tetrahedral sites regulates the adsorption strength of N and O-related intermediates on Fe for boosting the NO3 -RR. The above findings offer a high-entropy platform to regulate the bandgap and enhance the electrocatalytic performance of spinel oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Qi
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Zhihao Lei
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Qihua Huo
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jinwen Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Tianchi Huang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Na Meng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jinlian Liao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Jiabao Yi
- Global Innovative Center of Advanced Nanomaterials, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Chunyan Shang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Xue Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hengpan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Qi Hu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chuanxin He
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, P. R. China
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Quoie Jr GDS, Jiao M, Lászlód K, Wang Y. Progress Made in Non-Metallic-Doped Materials for Electrocatalytic Reduction in Ammonia Production. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2419. [PMID: 38793485 PMCID: PMC11122855 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic production of ammonia has garnered considerable interest as a potentially sustainable technology for ammonia synthesis. Recently, non-metallic-doped materials have emerged as promising electrochemical catalysts for this purpose. This paper presents a comprehensive review of the latest research on non-metallic-doped materials for electrocatalytic ammonia production. Researchers have engineered a variety of materials, doped with non-metals such as nitrogen (N), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S), into different forms and structures to enhance their electrocatalytic activity and selectivity. A comparison among different non-metallic dopants reveals their distinct effects on the electrocatalytic performance for ammonia production. For instance, N-doping has shown enhanced activity owing to the introduction of nitrogen vacancies (NVs) and improved charge transfer kinetics. B-doping has demonstrated improved selectivity and stability, which is attributed to the formation of active sites and the suppression of competing reactions. P-doping has exhibited increased ammonia generation rates and Faradaic efficiencies, likely due to the modification of the electronic structure and surface properties. S-doping has shown potential for enhancing electrocatalytic performance, although further investigations are needed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. These comparisons provide valuable insights for researchers to conduct in-depth studies focusing on specific non-metallic dopants, exploring their unique properties, and optimizing their performance for electrocatalytic ammonia production. However, we consider it a priority to provide insight into the recent progress made in non-metal-doped materials and their potential for enabling long-term and efficient electrochemical ammonia production. Additionally, this paper discusses the synthetic procedures used to produce non-metal-doped materials and highlights the advantages and disadvantages of each method. It also provides an in-depth analysis of the electrochemical performance of these materials, including their Faradaic efficiencies, ammonia yield rate, and selectivity. It examines the challenges and prospects of developing non-metallic-doped materials for electrocatalytic ammonia production and suggests future research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerald D. S. Quoie Jr
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (G.D.S.Q.J.); (M.J.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingshuo Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (G.D.S.Q.J.); (M.J.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Krisztina Lászlód
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials Science, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1521 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; (G.D.S.Q.J.); (M.J.)
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
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4
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Shen S, Chen R, Li X, Wang J, Yu S, Li J, Dong F. Regulating the Selectivity of Nitrate Photoreduction for Purification or Ammonia Production by Cooperating Oxidative Half-Reactions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:7653-7661. [PMID: 38635861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c09774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
The removal and conversion of nitrate (NO3-) from wastewater has become an important environmental and health topic. The NO3- can be reduced to nontoxic nitrogen (N2) for environmental remediation or ammonia (NH3) for recovery, in which the tailoring of the selectivity is greatly challenging. Here, by construction of the CuOx@TiO2 photocatalyst, the NO3- conversion efficiency is enhanced to ∼100%. Moreover, the precise regulation of selectivity to NH3 (∼100%) or N2 (92.67%) is accomplished by the synergy of cooperative redox reactions. It is identified that the selectivity of the NO3- photoreduction is determined by the combination of different oxidative reactions. The key roles of intermediates and reactive radicals are revealed by comprehensive in situ characterizations, providing direct evidence for the regulated selectivity of the NO3- photoreduction. Different active radicals are produced by the interaction of oxidative reactants and light-generated holes. Specifically, the introduction of CH3CHO as the oxidative reactant results in the generation of formate radicals, which drives selective NO3- reduction into N2 for its remediation. The alkyl radicals, contributed to by the (CH2OH)2 oxidation, facilitate the deep reduction of NO3- to NH3 for its upcycling. This work provides a technological basis for radical-directed NO3- reduction for its purification and resource recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Shen
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Ruimin Chen
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Xin Li
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jielin Wang
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Shuangshuang Yu
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Jieyuan Li
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
| | - Fan Dong
- Research Center for Carbon-Neutral Environmental & Energy Technology, Institute of Fundamental and Frontier Sciences, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China
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5
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Zhang Y, Ma Z, Yang S, Wang Q, Liu L, Bai Y, Rao D, Wang G, Li H, Zheng X. Element-dependent effects of alkali cations on nitrate reduction to ammonia. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:1100-1108. [PMID: 38423872 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2024.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Catalytic conversion of nitrate (NO3-) pollutants into ammonia (NH3) offers a sustainable and promising route for both wastewater treatment and NH3 synthesis. Alkali cations are prevalent in nitrate solutions, but their roles beyond charge balance in catalytic NO3- conversion have been generally ignored. Herein, we report the promotion effect of K+ cations in KNO3 solution for NO3- reduction over a TiO2-supported Ni single-atom catalyst (Ni1/TiO2). For photocatalytic NO3- reduction reaction, Ni1/TiO2 exhibited a 1.9-fold NH3 yield rate with nearly 100% selectivity in KNO3 solution relative to that in NaNO3 solution. Mechanistic studies reveal that the K+ cations from KNO3 gradually bonded with the surface of Ni1/TiO2, in situ forming a K-O-Ni moiety during reaction, whereas the Na+ ions were unable to interact with the catalyst in NaNO3 solution. The charge accumulation on the Ni sites induced by the incorporation of K atom promoted the adsorption and activation of NO3-. Furthermore, the K-O-Ni moiety facilitated the multiple proton-electron coupling of NO3- into NH3 by stabilizing the intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yida Zhang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Zhentao Ma
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Shaokang Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Qingyu Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China; College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Limin Liu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China
| | - Yu Bai
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Dewei Rao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Gongming Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Experimental Center of Engineering and Material Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Hongliang Li
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China; Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China.
| | - Xusheng Zheng
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230029, China.
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6
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Mu J, Gao X, Yu T, Zhao L, Luo W, Yang H, Liu Z, Sun Z, Gu Q, Li F. Ambient Electrochemical Ammonia Synthesis: From Theoretical Guidance to Catalyst Design. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2308979. [PMID: 38345238 PMCID: PMC11022736 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
Ammonia, a vital component in the synthesis of fertilizers, plastics, and explosives, is traditionally produced via the energy-intensive and environmentally detrimental Haber-Bosch process. Given its considerable energy consumption and significant greenhouse gas emissions, there is a growing shift toward electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis as an eco-friendly alternative. However, developing efficient electrocatalysts capable of achieving high selectivity, Faraday efficiency, and yield under ambient conditions remains a significant challenge. This review delves into the decades-long research into electrocatalytic ammonia synthesis, highlighting the evolution of fundamental principles, theoretical descriptors, and reaction mechanisms. An in-depth analysis of the nitrogen reduction reaction (NRR) and nitrate reduction reaction (NitRR) is provided, with a focus on their electrocatalysts. Additionally, the theories behind electrocatalyst design for ammonia synthesis are examined, including the Gibbs free energy approach, Sabatier principle, d-band center theory, and orbital spin states. The review culminates in a comprehensive overview of the current challenges and prospective future directions in electrocatalyst development for NRR and NitRR, paving the way for more sustainable methods of ammonia production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianjia Mu
- Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines MetallurgySchool of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning110819China
| | - Xuan‐Wen Gao
- Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines MetallurgySchool of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning110819China
| | - Tong Yu
- Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangLiaoning110016China
| | - Lu‐Kang Zhao
- Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines MetallurgySchool of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning110819China
| | - Wen‐Bin Luo
- Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines MetallurgySchool of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning110819China
| | - Huicong Yang
- Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangLiaoning110016China
| | - Zhao‐Meng Liu
- Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines MetallurgySchool of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning110819China
| | - Zhenhua Sun
- Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangLiaoning110016China
| | - Qin‐Fen Gu
- Institute for Energy Electrochemistry and Urban Mines MetallurgySchool of MetallurgyNortheastern UniversityShenyangLiaoning110819China
- Australian Synchrotron (ANSTO)800 Blackburn RdClaytonVIC3168Australia
| | - Feng Li
- Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyangLiaoning110016China
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7
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MXenes and their interfaces for the taming of carbon dioxide & nitrate: A critical review. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
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8
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Yuan S, Xue Y, Ma R, Ma Q, Chen Y, Fan J. Advances in iron-based electrocatalysts for nitrate reduction. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 866:161444. [PMID: 36621470 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Excessive nitrate has been a critical issue in the water environment, originating from the burning of fossil fuels, inefficient use of nitrogen fertilizers, and discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater. Among the effective treatments for nitrate reduction, electrocatalysis has become an advanced technique because it uses electrons as green reducing agents and can achieve high selectivity through cathode potential control. The effectiveness of electrocatalytic nitrate reduction (NO3RR) mainly lies in the electrocatalyst. Iron-based catalysts have the advantages of high activity and low cost, which are well-used in the field of electrocatalytic nitrates. A comprehensive overview of the electrocatalytic mechanism and the iron-based materials for NO3RR are given in terms of monometallic iron-based materials as well as bimetallic and oxide iron-based materials. A detailed introduction to NO3RR on zero valent iron, single-atom iron catalysts, and Cu/Fe-based bimetallic electrocatalysts are provided, as they are essential for the improvement of NO3RR performance. Finally, the advantages of iron-based materials for NO3RR and the problems in current applications are summarized, and the development prospects of efficient iron-based catalysts are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyin Yuan
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yinghao Xue
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Raner Ma
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qian Ma
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanyan Chen
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianwei Fan
- State key laboratory of pollution control and Resource reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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9
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Chavez M, Biset-Peiró M, Murcia-López S, Morante JR. Cu 2O-Cu@Titanium Surface with Synergistic Performance for Nitrate-to-Ammonia Electrochemical Reduction. ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING 2023; 11:3633-3643. [PMID: 36911876 PMCID: PMC9993578 DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c05885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Transition metals, such as titanium (Ti) and copper (Cu) along with their respective metal oxides (TiO2, Cu2O, and CuO), have been widely studied as electrocatalysts for nitrate electrochemical reduction with important outcomes in the fields of denitrification and ammonia generation. Based on this, this work conducted an evaluation of a composite electrode that integrates materials with different intrinsic activities (i.e., Cu and Cu2O for higher activity for nitrate conversion; Ti for higher faradaic efficiency to ammonia) looking for potential synergistic effects in the direction of ammonia generation. The specific performance of single-metal and composite electrodes has shown a strong dependence on pH and nitrate concentration conditions. Faradaic efficiency to ammonia of 92% and productivities of 0.28 mmolNH3 ·cm-2·h-1 at 0.5 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) values are achieved, demonstrating the implicit potential of this approach in comparison to direct N2RR with values in the order of μmolNH3 ·h-1·cm-2. Finally, the electrochemical rate constants (k) for Ti, Cu, and Cu2O-Cu/Ti disk electrodes were determined by the Koutecky-Levich analysis with a rotating disk electrode (RDE) in 3.02 × 10-6, 3.88 × 10-4, and 4.77 × 10-4 cm·s-1 demonstrating an apparent synergistic effect for selective NiRR to ammonia with a Cu2O-Cu/Ti electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo
Eduardo Chavez
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós 08930, Spain
| | - Martí Biset-Peiró
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós 08930, Spain
| | - Sebastián Murcia-López
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós 08930, Spain
| | - Joan Ramon Morante
- Catalonia
Institute for Energy Research (IREC), Jardins de les Dones de Negre 1, Sant Adrià de Besós 08930, Spain
- Facultat
de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, C. Martí i Franqués,
1, Barcelona 08028, Spain
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10
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Deng Z, Wu Z, Alizadeh M, Zhang H, Chen Y, Karaman C. Electrochemical monitoring of 4-chlorophenol as a water pollutant via carbon paste electrode amplified with Fe 3O 4 incorporated cellulose nanofibers (CNF). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 219:114995. [PMID: 36529324 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.114995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A crucial problem that needs to be resolved is the sensitive and selective monitoring of chlorophenol compounds, especifically 4-chlorophenol (4-CP), one of the most frequently used organic industrial chemicals. In light of this, the goal of this study was to synthesize Fe3O4 incorporated cellulose nanofiber composite (Fe3O4/CNF) as an amplifier in the development of a modified carbon paste electrode (CPE) for 4-CP detection. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to evaluate the morphology of the synthesized nanocatalyst, while differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) techniques were implemented to illuminate the electrochemical characteristics of the fabricated sensor. The ultimate electrochemical sensor (Fe3O4/CNF/CPE) was used as a potent electrochemical sensor for monitoring 4-CP in the concentration range of 1.0 nM-170 μM with a limit of detection value of 0.5 nM. As a result of optimization studies, 8.0 mg Fe3O4/CNF was found to be the ideal catalyst concentration, whereas pH = 6.0 was chosen as the ideal pH. The 4-CP's oxidation current was found to be over 1.67 times greater at ideal operating conditions than it was at the surface of bare CPE, and its oxidation potential decreased by about 120 mV. By using the standard addition procedure on samples of drinking water and wastewater, the suggested capability of Fe3O4/CNF/CPE to detect 4-CP was further investigated. The recovery range was found to be 98.52-103.66%. This study paves the way for the customization of advanced nanostructure for the application in electrochemical sensors resulting in beneficial environmental impact and enhancing human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Zixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
| | - Marzieh Alizadeh
- Oral and Dental Disease Research Center, School of Dentistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hongcai Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Yaobang Chen
- Sibang Environmental Protection Technology Co., Ltd., Yichun, 336000, China
| | - Ceren Karaman
- Department of Electricity and Energy, Vocational School of Technical Sciences, Akdeniz University, Antalya, 07070, Turkey; School of Engineering, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon.
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Zhang H, Wang C, Luo H, Chen J, Kuang M, Yang J. Iron Nanoparticles Protected by Chainmail-structured Graphene for Durable Electrocatalytic Nitrate Reduction to Nitrogen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217071. [PMID: 36468671 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
The electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3 RR) is an appealing technology for regulating the nitrogen cycle. Metallic iron is one of the well-known electrocatalysts for NO3 RR, but it suffers from poor durability due to leaching and oxidation of iron during the electrocatalytic process. In this work, a graphene-nanochainmail-protected iron nanoparticle (Fe@Gnc) electrocatalyst is reported. It displays superior nitrate removal efficiency and high nitrogen selectivity. Notably, the catalyst delivers exceptional stability and durability, with the nitrate removal rate and nitrogen selectivity remained ≈96 % of that of the first time after up to 40 cycles (24 h for one cycle). As expected, the conductive graphene nanochainmail provides robust protection for the internal iron active sites, allowing Fe@Gnc to maintain its long-lasting electrochemical nitrate catalytic activity. This research proposes a workable solution for the scientific challenge of poor lasting ability of iron-based electrocatalysts in large-scale industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.,Center for Civil Aviation Composites, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Chuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hongxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Junliang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Min Kuang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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12
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Deng Z, Wu Z, Rokni H, Yin Z, Lin J, Zhang H, Cheraghi S. Electrochemical sensor amplified with cellulose nanofibers/Fe 3O 4 composite to the monitoring of hydrazine as a pollutant in water and wastewater samples. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 309:136568. [PMID: 36167210 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A quite swift and sensitive analytical instrument was designed in this work to detect and monitor hydrazine in various water and wastewater samples. The glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was amplified using cellulose nanofibers/Fe3O4 composite (CNF-Fe3O4/NC) for monitoring hydrazine in the concentration range of 0.001 - 140 M with a superior detection limit of 0.5 nM. Results showed a diffusion control process for the oxidation of hydrazine at the surface of CNF-Fe3O4/NC/GCE. Under the optimum condition (pH=8.0), the oxidation current of hydrazine was improved by about 2.3 times and the oxidation potential was reduced by about 60 mV at the surface of CNF-Fe3O4/NC/GCE compare to unmodified GCE. A standard addition method was employed to assess CNF-Fe3O4/NC/GCE's capability for the detection of hydrazine in water and wastewater samples, and a recovery range of 97.6 % to 104.9 % was noted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilong Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zixuan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hassan Rokni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran
| | - Zihua Yin
- Shanghai Ruihe Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Junzhong Lin
- Shanghai Ruihe Environmental Technology Co. Ltd., Shanghai 200333, China
| | - Hongcai Zhang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Somaye Cheraghi
- Department of Chemistry, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran.
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13
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Wang C, Zhang Y, Luo H, Zhang H, Li W, Zhang WX, Yang J. Iron-Based Nanocatalysts for Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200790. [PMID: 36103612 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate has a high level of stability and persistence in water, endangering human health and aquatic ecosystems. Due to its high reliability and efficiency, the electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3 RR) is regarded as the best available option for mitigating excess nitrate in water and wastewater, especially for the removal of trace levels of nitrate. One of the most critical factors in the electrochemical reduction are the catalysts, which directly affect the reaction efficiency of nitrate removal. Iron-based nanocatalysts, which have the advantages of nontoxicity, wide availability, and low cost, have emerged as a promising electrochemical NO3 RR material in recent years. This review covers major aspects of iron-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical NO3 RR, including synthetic methods, structural design, performance enhancement, electrocatalytic nitrate reduction test, and reduction mechanism. The recent progress of iron-based nanocatalysts for electrochemical NO3 RR and the mechanism of functional advantages for modified structures are reviewed from the perspectives of loading, doping, and assembly strategies, in order to realize the conversion from pollutant nitrate to harmless nitrogen or ammonia and other sustainable products. Finally, challenges and future directions for the development of low-cost and highly-efficient iron-based nanocatalysts are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yingbing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hongxia Luo
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei-Xian Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China
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14
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Feng T, Li F, Hu X, Wang Y. Selective electroreduction of nitrate to ammonia via NbWO6 perovskite nanosheets with oxygen vacancy. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.107862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Liu X, Wang Y, Smith RL, Liu L, Qi X. Synthesis of self-renewing Fe(0)-dispersed ordered mesoporous carbon for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates to nitrogen. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 836:155640. [PMID: 35513147 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In electrocatalytic reduction of nitrates to nitrogen, key issues are electrode activity, sustainable materials, preparation methods and cost. Herein, lignin, Fe3+ ion, and non-ionic surfactant were combined with evaporation-induced self-assembly (EISA) to prepare zero-valent Fe-dispersed ordered mesoporous carbon (OMC) electrode materials denoted as Fe#OMC. The method developed for preparing Fe-coordinated OMC material avoids the use of toxic phenols, aldehyde reagents and metal doping compounds. When synthesized Fe#OMC samples were applied as electrode materials for the electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate in aqueous solutions, maximum nitrate nitrogen removal was as high as 5373 mg N·g-1 Fe from aqueous solutions containing 400 mg·L-1 NO3--N, while nitrogen selectivity was close to 100%, exceeding catalytic performance of comparable materials. Active hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water during the reaction re-reduced Fe ions formed in the OMC material and stabilized Fe#OMC electrode performance and recycle. The Fe#OMC electrode is self-renewing with respect to its Fe zero-valent state, is simple to prepare from sustainable materials and is effective for electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate or nitrogen-containing compounds in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yicong Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Richard L Smith
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aza Aoba 6-6-11, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - Le Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resource Utilization, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinhua Qi
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Biomass Resource Utilization, Nankai University, No. 38, Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, China.
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16
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Xu H, Ma Y, Chen J, Zhang WX, Yang J. Electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate - a step towards a sustainable nitrogen cycle. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2710-2758. [PMID: 35274646 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00857a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate enrichment, which is mainly caused by the over-utilization of fertilisers and industrial sewage discharge, is a major global engineering challenge because of its negative influence on the environment and human health. To solve this serious problem, many technologies, such as the activated sludge method, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, adsorption, and electrodialysis, have been developed to reduce the nitrate levels in water bodies. However, the applications of these traditional techniques are limited by several drawbacks, such as a long sludge retention time, slow kinetics, and undesirable by-products. From an environmental perspective, the most promising nitrate reduction technology is enabled to convert nitrate into benign N2, and features low cost, high efficiency, and environmental friendliness. Recently, electrocatalytic nitrate reduction has been proven by satisfactory research achievements to be one of the most promising methods among these technologies. This review provides a comprehensive account of nitrate reduction using electrocatalysis methods. The fundamentals of electrocatalytic nitrate reduction, including the reaction mechanisms, reactor design principles, product detection methods, and performance evaluation methods, have been systematically summarised. A detailed introduction to electrocatalytic nitrate reduction on transition metals, especially noble metals and alloys, Cu-based electrocatalysts, and Fe-based electrocatalysts is provided, as they are essential for the accurate reporting of experimental results. The current challenges and potential opportunities in this field, including the innovation of material design systems, value-added product yields, and challenges for products beyond N2 and large-scale sewage treatment, are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
| | - Jun Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Intelligent Polymer Research Institute, Australian Institute of Innovative Materials, Innovation Campus, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia.
| | - Wei-Xian Zhang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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Liu X, Wei J, Wu Y, Zhang J, Xing L, Zhang Y, Pan G, Li J, Xu M, Li J. Performances and mechanisms of microbial nitrate removal coupling sediment-based biochar and nanoscale zero-valent iron. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 345:126523. [PMID: 34896530 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Immobilized microorganism technology has attracted increasing attention for high concentration of microbes, low cell loss and high resistance to impact of environment. The microbial reduction of nitrate in the presence of sediment-based biochar (SBC) and nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) was investigated in four different free systems. NZVI-SBC/bacteria system realized the best nitrate removal of 97.61% within 3 days through the synergistic effect of SBC and nZVI on denitrifying bacteria. Accumulation of nitrite and ammonium in nZVI-SBC/bacteria system also decreased. High-throughput sequencing results showed that the proportion of denitrifying bacteria in microbial community structure increased after adding nZVI-SBC. The performance of nitrate removal was then studied through PVA/SA-immobilization. Immobilized active pellets performed better nitrate removal (98.89%) and stronger tolerance under different conditions than the free bacterial cells. Overall, this study provided a promising approach by utilizing SBC and nZVI for the bio-remediation of nitrate-contaminated water in practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Liu
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jia Wei
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China.
| | - Yaodong Wu
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Luyi Xing
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Guoping Pan
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jiamei Li
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Mengdie Xu
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Architecture Engineering, Beijing University of Technology, 100 Pingleyuan, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100124, China
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18
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Lei F, Li K, Yang M, Yu J, Xu M, Zhang Y, Xie J, Hao P, Cui G, Tang B. Electrochemical reduction of nitrate on silver surface and the in situ Raman spectroscopy study. Inorg Chem Front 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2qi00489e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electroreduction of nitrate to other essential fertilizer is becoming a crucial manner toward nitrate contamination treatment. In this report, Ag nanocrystals catalyst on quasi-cavity architecture of ZnO nanowalls has been...
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19
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Wang J, Feng T, Chen J, He JH, Fang X. Flexible 2D Cu Metal: Organic Framework@MXene Film Electrode with Excellent Durability for Highly Selective Electrocatalytic NH 3 Synthesis. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9837012. [PMID: 35707045 PMCID: PMC9175116 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9837012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (ENRA) is an effective strategy to resolve environmental and energy crisis, but there are still great challenges to achieve high activity and stability synergistically for practical application in a fluid environment. The flexible film electrode may solve the abovementioned problem of practical catalytic application owing to the advantages of low cost, light weight, eco-friendliness, simple and scalable fabrication, extensive structural stability, and electrocatalytic reliability. Herein, 2D hybridization copper 1,4-benzenedi-carboxylate (CuBDC) has been grown on electronegative MXene nanosheets (Ti3C2Tx) seamlessly to prepare a 2D flexible CuBDC@Ti3C2Tx electrode for ENRA. The flexible electrode simultaneously exhibits high Faradaic efficiency (86.5%) and excellent stability for NH3 synthesis, which are comparable to previously reported nanomaterials toward ENRA. Especially, the flexible electrode maintains outstanding FE NH3 toward ENRA after the bending, twisting, folding, and crumpling tests, indicating excellent electroconductibility, high stability, and durability. This work not only provides mild permeation-mediated strategy to fabricate a flexible electrode but also explores the practical applications of the electrode with effectively environmental adaptability in solving global environmental contamination and energy crisis by effective ENRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Tao Feng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Jiaxin Chen
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jr-Hau He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaosheng Fang
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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20
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Gong L, Qiu X, Cheng D, Hu Y, Zhang Z, Yuan Q, Yang D, Liu C, Liang L, He F. Coincorporation of N and S into Zero-Valent Iron to Enhance TCE Dechlorination: Kinetics, Electron Efficiency, and Dechlorination Capacity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:16088-16098. [PMID: 34787396 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfidated zero-valent iron (S-ZVI) enhances the degradation of chlorinated hydrocarbon (CHC) in contaminated groundwater. Despite numerous studies of S-ZVI, a versatile strategy to improve its dechlorination kinetics, electron efficiency (εe), and dechlorination capacity is still needed. Here, we used heteroatom incorporation of N(C) and S by ball-milling of microscale ZVI with melamine and sulfur via nitridation and sulfidation to synthesize S-N(C)-mZVIbm particles that contain reactive Fe-NX(C) and FeS species. Sulfidation and nitridation synergistically increased the trichloroethene (TCE) dechlorination rate, with reaction constants kSA of 2.98 × 10-2 L·h-1·m-2 by S-N(C)-mZVIbm, compared to 1.77 × 10-3 and 8.15 × 10-5 L·h-1·m-2 by S-mZVIbm and N(C)-mZVIbm, respectively. Data show that sulfidation suppressed the reductive dissociation of N(C) from S-N(C)-mZVIbm, which stabilized the reactive Fe-NX(C) and reserved electrons for TCE dechlorination. In addition to lowering H2 production, S-N(C)-mZVIbm dechlorinated TCE to less reduced products (e.g., acetylene), contributing to the material's higher εe and dechlorination capacity. This synergistic effect on TCE degradation can be extended to other recalcitrant CHCs (e.g., chloroform) in both deionized and groundwater. This multiheteroatom incorporation approach to optimize ZVI for groundwater remediation provides a basis for further advances in reactive material synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gong
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaojiang Qiu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dong Cheng
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yao Hu
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Zaizhi Zhang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Qunsen Yuan
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Dezhi Yang
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550081, China
| | - Liyuan Liang
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Feng He
- College of Environment, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
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21
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Fu W, Du X, Su P, Zhang Q, Zhou M. Synergistic Effect of Co(III) and Co(II) in a 3D Structured Co 3O 4/Carbon Felt Electrode for Enhanced Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction Reaction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:28348-28358. [PMID: 34124878 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As nitrate contamination causes serious environmental problems, it is necessary to develop stable and efficient electrocatalysts for efficient electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (ENRR). Here, a nonprecious Co3O4/carbon felt (CF) electrode with a 3D structure was prepared by integrating electrodeposition with calcination methods. This 3D structured Co3O4/CF electrode exhibits a high-rate constant of 1.18 × 10-4 s-1 cm-2 for the ENRR, surpassing other Co3O4 electrodes in previous literature. Moreover, it also has an excellent stability with a decrease of 6.4% after 10 cycles. Density functional theory calculations, electron spin resonance analysis, and cyclic voltammetry were performed to study the mechanism of the ENRR on the Co3O4/CF electrode, proving that atomic H* (indirect pathway) plays a prominent role in NO3- reduction and clarifying the synergistic effect of Co(III) and Co(II) in the Co(II)-Co(III)-Co(II) redox cycle for the ENRR: Co(III) prefers the adsorption of NO3- and Co(II) favors the production of H*. Based on this synergy, a relatively large amounts of Co(II) on the surface of the Co3O4/CF electrode (1.3 Co(II)/Co(III) ratio) was maintained by controlling the temperature of calcination to 200 °C with a lower energy barrier of H* formation of 0.46 eV than other ratios, which is beneficial for forming H* and enhancing the performance of the ENRR. Thus, this study suggests that building 3D structure and optimizing Co(II)/Co(III) ratio are important for designing efficient Co3O4 electrocatalyst for ENRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyang Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xuedong Du
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Pei Su
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qizhan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Minghua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Process and Environmental Criteria, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environmental Technology for Complex Trans-Media Pollution, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Advanced Water Treatment Technology International Joint Research Center, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
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22
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Lan Y, Luo H, Ma Y, Hua Y, Liao T, Yang J. Synergy between copper and iron sites inside carbon nanofibers for superior electrocatalytic denitrification. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:10108-10115. [PMID: 34060572 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr01489g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Developing low-cost electrocatalysts for the nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) with superior performance is of great significance for wastewater treatment. Herein, we synthesized bimetal Cu/Fe nanoparticles encased in N-doped carbon nanofibers (Cu/Fe@NCNFs) through simple electrospinning followed by a pyrolysis reduction strategy. Metallic copper is beneficial for reducing nitrate to nitrite, and the existence of Fe is conducive to convert nitrate and nitrite into nitrogen. Additionally, the nitrogen-doped carbon nanofibers also facilitate the adsorption of nitrate, and the continuous and complete fiber structure enhances the stability of the catalyst and prevents the corrosion of the active sites. Therefore, the synergetic effect of bimetal Cu/Fe and N-doped carbon fiber plays a key role in promoting the efficiency of nitrate reduction. The obtained Cu/Fe@NCNF catalyst exhibits a satisfactory nitrate conversion efficiency of 76%, removal capacity of 5686 mg N g-1 Cu/Fe and nitrogen selectivity of 94%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lan
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, International Joint Laboratory for Advanced Fiber and Low-dimension Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, P. R. China.
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24
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Wang Z, Richards D, Singh N. Recent discoveries in the reaction mechanism of heterogeneous electrocatalytic nitrate reduction. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy02025g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We review advances in the electrocatalytic nitrate reduction mechanism and evaluate future efforts. Existing work could be supplemented by controlling reaction conditions and quantifying active sites to determine activity on a per-site basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
- Catalysis Science and Technology Institute
| | - Danielle Richards
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
- Catalysis Science and Technology Institute
| | - Nirala Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- University of Michigan
- Ann Arbor
- USA
- Catalysis Science and Technology Institute
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