1
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Amin MO, Al-Hetlani E. Matrix- and surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry analysis of fingermark components for forensic studies: current trends and future prospects. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3751-3764. [PMID: 38647691 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05297-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
The chemical analysis of fingermarks (FMs) has attracted considerable attention in the realm of forensic investigations. Techniques based on direct ionization of a sample by laser irradiation, specifically matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS), have provided excellent figures of merit for analyzing high molecular-weight compounds. However, it can be challenging to analyze low molecular-weight compounds using MALDI-MS owing to potential interference produced by the organic matrices in the low molecular-weight region, which can impede the detection of small molecules (m/z < 700 Da). Alternately, surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) has shown great promise for small molecules analysis owing to the unique properties of the nanostructures used, particularly, minimal chemical background in low m/z region improved the production of ions involved in this method. The advancement of MALDI-MS and SALDI-MS has propelled their application in the analysis of FM components, focused on gaining deep insights into individual traits. This review aims to outline the current role of MALDI-MS and SALDI-MS in the chemical analysis of FMs. It also describes the latest achievements in forensic intelligence derived from fingermark analysis using these powerful methods. The accomplishments include the understanding of certain characteristics and lifestyles of donors. The review offers a comprehensive overview of the challenges and demands in this field. It suggests potential enhancements in this rapidly expanding domain to bridge the gap between research and practical police casework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed O Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
| | - Entesar Al-Hetlani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 5969, 13060, Safat, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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2
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Bianco M, Ventura G, Calvano CD, Losito I, Cataldi TRI, Monopoli A. Matrix Selection Strategies for MALDI-TOF MS/MS Characterization of Cyclic Tetrapyrroles in Blood and Food Samples. Molecules 2024; 29:868. [PMID: 38398620 PMCID: PMC10891649 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives such as porphyrins, chlorins, corrins (compounds with a corrin core), and phthalocyanines are a family of molecules containing four pyrrole rings usually coordinating a metal ion (Mg, Cu, Fe, Zn, etc.). Here, we report the characterization of some representative cyclic tetrapyrrole derivatives by MALDI-ToF/ToF MS analyses, including heme b and c, phthalocyanines, and protoporphyrins after proper matrix selection. Both neutral and acidic matrices were evaluated to assess potential demetallation, adduct formation, and fragmentation. While chlorophylls exhibited magnesium demetallation in acidic matrices, cyclic tetrapyrroles with Fe, Zn, Co, Cu, or Ni remained steadfast against demetallation across all conditions. Phthalocyanines and protoporphyrins were also detectable without a matrix using laser desorption ionization (LDI); however, the incorporation of matrices achieved the highest ionization yield, enhanced sensitivity, and negligible fragmentation. Three standard proteins, i.e., myoglobin, hemoglobin, and cytochrome c, were analyzed either intact or enzymatically digested, yielding heme b and heme c ions along with accompanying peptides. Furthermore, we successfully detected and characterized heme b in real samples, including blood, bovine and cod liver, and mussel. As a result, MALDI MS/MS emerged as a powerful tool for straightforward cyclic tetrapyrrole identification, even in highly complex samples. Our work paves the way for a more comprehensive understanding of cyclic tetrapyrroles in biological and industrial settings, including the geochemical field, as these compounds are a source of significant geological and geochemical information in sediments and crude oils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariachiara Bianco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
| | - Giovanni Ventura
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
| | - Cosima Damiana Calvano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center (SMART), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Ilario Losito
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center (SMART), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Tommaso R. I. Cataldi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
- Interdepartmental Research Center (SMART), University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Monopoli
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70126 Bari, Italy; (M.B.); (G.V.); (I.L.); (T.R.I.C.)
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3
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Paulson AE, Premasiri WR, Ziegler LD, Lee YJ. Use of Nanoparticle Decorated Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Active Sol-Gel Substrates for SALDI-MS Analysis. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:273-278. [PMID: 36594588 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Spectroscopy and mass spectrometry techniques are sometimes combined into the same analytical workflow to leverage each technique's analytical benefits. This combined workflow is especially useful in forensic and medical contexts where samples are often precious in nature. Here, we adopt metal nanoparticle (NP) doped sol-gel substrates, initially developed for surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) analysis, as surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) substrates. Using dried blood and sample protocols previously developed for SERS analysis, we observe heme-related spectral features on both silver and gold NP substrates by SALDI-MS, demonstrating dual functionality for these orthogonal techniques. Modifying the dried blood extraction procedures also allows for the observation of blood triacylglycerols by SALDI-MS. This is the first demonstration of a SERS/SALDI-MS substrate based on a sol-gel scaffold and the first demonstration of a gold NP sol-gel substrate for SALDI-MS which features lower substrate-related SALDI-MS background compared to the silver substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Paulson
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - W Ranjith Premasiri
- Department of Chemistry and Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Lawrence D Ziegler
- Department of Chemistry and Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Young Jin Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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4
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Abstract
The blood fingerprint enhancement is not so eye-catching as latent fingerprint development in forensic community, but it is indeed an important piece of evidence for personal identification, forensic analysis and even reconstruction of crime scenes. In over past ten years, novel reagents, advanced materials and emerging techniques have growingly participated in blood fingerprint enhancement, which not only leads to a higher level of developing sensitivity, selectivity and contrast, but also endows blood impressions with more forensic significance. This review summarizes recent advances in conventional chemical reagents targeting at heme, protein and amino acid as well as emerging enhancement techniques based on advanced materials, new equipment or methods. Some critical issues in forensic science are also discussed, including partial blood fingerprint enhancement, false positive of developing reagents, the compatibility of blood enhancement technique and DNA, fingerprint age determination, and so on. Finally, we have proposed several urgent problems to be solved and the prospects of some promising techniques were proposed in the field of blood fingerprint enhancement in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimin Zhang
- Chongqing Institutes of Higher Education Key Forensic Science Laboratory, Criminal Investigation School, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Peng
- Chongqing Institutes of Higher Education Key Forensic Science Laboratory, Criminal Investigation School, Southwest University of Political Science and Law, Chongqing, China
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5
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In depth investigation of the capabilities and limitations of combined proteomic-MALDI MS based approach for the forensic detection of blood. Sci Justice 2022; 62:602-609. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Harkin C, Smith KW, Cruickshank FL, Logan Mackay C, Flinders B, Heeren RMA, Moore T, Brockbank S, Cobice DF. On-tissue chemical derivatization in mass spectrometry imaging. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022; 41:662-694. [PMID: 33433028 PMCID: PMC9545000 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) combines molecular and spatial information in a valuable tool for a wide range of applications. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is at the forefront of MSI ionization due to its wide availability and increasing improvement in spatial resolution and analysis speed. However, ionization suppression, low concentrations, and endogenous and methodological interferences cause visualization problems for certain molecules. Chemical derivatization (CD) has proven a viable solution to these issues when applied in mass spectrometry platforms. Chemical tagging of target analytes with larger, precharged moieties aids ionization efficiency and removes analytes from areas of potential isobaric interferences. Here, we address the application of CD on tissue samples for MSI analysis, termed on-tissue chemical derivatization (OTCD). MALDI MSI will remain the focus platform due to its popularity, however, alternative ionization techniques such as liquid extraction surface analysis and desorption electrospray ionization will also be recognized. OTCD reagent selection, application, and optimization methods will be discussed in detail. MSI with OTCD is a powerful tool to study the spatial distribution of poorly ionizable molecules within tissues. Most importantly, the use of OTCD-MSI facilitates the analysis of previously inaccessible biologically relevant molecules through the adaptation of existing CD methods. Though further experimental optimization steps are necessary, the benefits of this technique are extensive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Harkin
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute (BMSRI), School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraineNorthern IrelandUK
| | - Karl W. Smith
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Ion Cyclotron Resonance Facility (ICR)Florida State UniversityTallahasseeFloridaUSA
| | - Faye L. Cruickshank
- Scottish Instrumentation and Research Centre for Advanced Mass Spectrometry (SIRCAMS), EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghScotlandUK
| | - C. Logan Mackay
- Scottish Instrumentation and Research Centre for Advanced Mass Spectrometry (SIRCAMS), EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of EdinburghScotlandUK
| | - Bryn Flinders
- Screening Division, Mass Spectrometry, Hair DiagnostixDutch Screening GroupMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Ron M. A. Heeren
- Maastricht Multimodal Molecular Imaging Institute (M4I)University of MaastrichtMaastrichtThe Netherlands
| | - Tara Moore
- Genomic Medicine, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute (BMSRI), School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraineNorthern IrelandUK
| | | | - Diego F. Cobice
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, Biomedical Sciences Research Institute (BMSRI), School of Biomedical SciencesUlster UniversityColeraineNorthern IrelandUK
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7
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Ansari AA, Aldajani KM, AlHazaa AN, Albrithen HA. Recent progress of fluorescent materials for fingermarks detection in forensic science and anti-counterfeiting. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Bailey MJ, de Puit M, Romolo FS. Surface Analysis Techniques in Forensic Science: Successes, Challenges, and Opportunities for Operational Deployment. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2022; 15:173-196. [PMID: 35167323 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061020-124221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Surface analysis techniques have rapidly evolved in the last decade. Some of these are already routinely used in forensics, such as for the detection of gunshot residue or for glass analysis. Some surface analysis approaches are attractive for their portability to the crime scene. Others can be very helpful in forensic laboratories owing to their high spatial resolution, analyte coverage, speed, and specificity. Despite this, many proposed applications of the techniques have not yet led to operational deployment. Here, we explore the application of these techniques to the most important traces commonly found in forensic casework. We highlight where there is potential to add value and outline the progress that is needed to achieve operational deployment. We consider within the scope of this review surface mass spectrometry, surface spectroscopy, and surface X-ray spectrometry. We show how these tools show great promise for the analysis of fingerprints, hair, drugs, explosives, and microtraces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie J Bailey
- Department of Chemistry, Stag Hill Campus, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom;
| | - Marcel de Puit
- Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, The Netherlands
- Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
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9
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Kennedy K, Cole L, Witt M, Sealey M, Francese S. Forensic Discrimination of Differentially Sourced Animal Blood Using a Bottom-Up Proteomics Based MALDI MS Approach. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27072039. [PMID: 35408438 PMCID: PMC9000818 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27072039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently published work has reported the development and application of a bottom-up proteomic approach to distinguish between human and animal blood (down to animal species level), by rapid screening using Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (MALDI MS). In that study, it was additionally observed that intravenous animal blood exhibits different spectral profiles from blood collected within the animal chest cavity as well as from the diluted blood collected within packets of meat. In this follow-up study we explored the resulting hypothesis that, depending on how blood is shed or collected, protein biomarker profiles vary to the extent of systematically permitting a distinction between possible sources of blood (for example, flesh wound versus packaged meat). This intelligence may be important in reconstructing the dynamics of the crime. The combination of statistical analysis and tandem mass spectrometry has yielded additional animal blood markers as well as confirming the ability to correctly determine the animal species from which blood derived, regardless of the retailer selling it (amongst the five investigated). These data confirm the initial hypothesis and demonstrate the opportunity for the proteomics-MALDI combined approach to provide additional intelligence to the investigation of violent crimes when examining blood evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Kennedy
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK; (K.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Laura Cole
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK; (K.K.); (L.C.)
| | - Matthias Witt
- Bruker Daltonics GmbH & Co. KG, 28359 Bremen, Germany;
| | - Mark Sealey
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratories (DSTL), Porton Down SP4 0JQ, UK;
| | - Simona Francese
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK; (K.K.); (L.C.)
- Correspondence:
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10
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Wan J, Chen L, Li W, Cui S, Yuan B. Preparation of Novel Magnetic Nanomaterials Based on "Facile Coprecipitation" for Developing Latent Fingerprints (LFP) in Crime Scenes. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:1712-1721. [PMID: 35071866 PMCID: PMC8771710 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Recently, the application of novel nanomaterials, especially magnetic nanomaterials in the development of latent fingerprints (LFP), has become the hot focus for forensic scientists and criminal investigators. As a type of recyclable, environment-friendly material, Fe3O4 nanoparticles achieve a wonderful effect in visualization of LFP. We first report the synthesis and encapsulation of nano-Fe3O4 through "facile coprecipitation", (3-mercaptopropyl)triethoxysilane was covalently embedded into Fe3O4 nanoparticles, and the Fe3O4 core was encapsulated by the nanosilver to prepare novel magnetic nanomaterials (P-MNP@Ag) with the core-shell configuration. For comparison, the magnetic nanomaterials (S-MNP@Ag) were prepared by surface modification. Their composition, structure, and properties were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD, IR, XPS, and VSM. Compared with commercially available gold powder, silver powder, bare magnetic powder, and prepared S-MNP@Ag, the development effect of LFP on different objects by using P-MNP@Ag had better performance, which presented the advantages of low background interference, high sensitivity, and clear secondary details in LFP. In the crime scenes of some influential cases, P-MNP@Ag had been applied to the visualization of LFP. The biometric identification of criminal suspects was confirmed through fingerprint comparison, which was highly affirmed by the public security department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Wan
- Zhengzhou
Key Laboratory of Criminal Science and Technology, Department of Criminal
Science and Technology, Railway Police College, Zhengzhou 450053, China
- Institute
of Environmental and Ecological Safety Technology, Institute of Public
Safety Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department
of Pharmacy, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou 451191, China
| | - Wei Li
- Zhengzhou
Key Laboratory of Criminal Science and Technology, Department of Criminal
Science and Technology, Railway Police College, Zhengzhou 450053, China
- Institute
of Environmental and Ecological Safety Technology, Institute of Public
Safety Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shengfeng Cui
- Zhengzhou
Key Laboratory of Criminal Science and Technology, Department of Criminal
Science and Technology, Railway Police College, Zhengzhou 450053, China
- Institute
of Environmental and Ecological Safety Technology, Institute of Public
Safety Research, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Binfang Yuan
- Chongqing
Key Laboratory of Inorganic Special Functional Materials, College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze
Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, China
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11
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Sijen T, Harbison S. On the Identification of Body Fluids and Tissues: A Crucial Link in the Investigation and Solution of Crime. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:1728. [PMID: 34828334 PMCID: PMC8617621 DOI: 10.3390/genes12111728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Body fluid and body tissue identification are important in forensic science as they can provide key evidence in a criminal investigation and may assist the court in reaching conclusions. Establishing a link between identifying the fluid or tissue and the DNA profile adds further weight to this evidence. Many forensic laboratories retain techniques for the identification of biological fluids that have been widely used for some time. More recently, many different biomarkers and technologies have been proposed for identification of body fluids and tissues of forensic relevance some of which are now used in forensic casework. Here, we summarize the role of body fluid/ tissue identification in the evaluation of forensic evidence, describe how such evidence is detected at the crime scene and in the laboratory, elaborate different technologies available to do this, and reflect real life experiences. We explain how, by including this information, crucial links can be made to aid in the investigation and solution of crime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Titia Sijen
- Division Human Biological Traces, Netherlands Forensic Institute, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB The Hague, The Netherlands
- Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - SallyAnn Harbison
- Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Private Bag 92021, Auckland 1142, New Zealand;
- Department of Statistics, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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12
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Visualisation of Amphetamine Contamination in Fingerprints Using TOF-SIMS Technique. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216243. [PMID: 34771767 PMCID: PMC8584599 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) was applied to detect traces of amphetamine on fingerprints. In the present study, three different lift tapes and latent powder fingerprints were tested. The obtained results show that it is possible to identify traces of a drug as well as its distribution over the tested fingerprint after its transfer from the primary base onto an adhesive lifter (secondary base). Moreover, images obtained by the TOF-SIMS technique enable the observation of very small areas of the analysed fingerprint as well as the identification of micro-objects (residues of a contaminant) that were left on the fingerprint. The use of the black latent fingerprint powder did not interfere with the TOF-SIMS analysis, which makes it possible to effectively use this technique to study the traces of substances on the revealed fingerprints.
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13
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Heaton C, Witt M, Cole L, Eyre J, Tazzyman S, McColm R, Francese S. Detection and mapping of haemoglobin variants in blood fingermarks by MALDI MS for suspect "profiling". Analyst 2021; 146:4290-4302. [PMID: 34105523 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00578b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Over the past seven years Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Profiling (MALDI MSP) and Imaging (MALDI MSI) have proven to be feasible tools for the detection of blood and its provenance in stains and fingermarks. However, whilst this capability as a confirmatory test addresses the primary questions at the scene of a violent crime, additional intelligence recoverable from blood can also prove important for investigations. A DNA profile is the most obvious and important example of such intelligence; however, it is not always suitable for identification purposes, depending on quantity, age and environmental conditions. Proteins are much more stable and determining the presence of haemoglobin variants in blood recovered at a crime scene may provide associative and possibly corroborating evidence on the presence of an individual at a particular location. This evidence gains more incriminatory value, the lower the incidence of the variant in a certain geographical area or population and may contribute to narrowing down the pool of suspects. In this study, a MALDI based mass spectrometric method has been developed and tested on six haemoglobin variants for their fast and reliable identification and mapping in blood fingermarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Heaton
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
| | | | - Laura Cole
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
| | - Jason Eyre
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Richard McColm
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratory, Porton Down, UK
| | - Simona Francese
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
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14
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Kennedy K, Bengiat R, Heaton C, Herman Y, Oz C, Elad ML, Cole L, Francese S. "MALDI-CSI": A proposed method for the tandem detection of human blood and DNA typing from enhanced fingermarks. Forensic Sci Int 2021; 323:110774. [PMID: 33930825 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.110774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry Profiling and Imaging (MALDI MSP and MALDI MSI), in combination with bottom up proteomics, have proven to successfully detect and map blood-derived peptide signatures in blood fingermarks, with high specificity and compatibility with a number of blood enhancement techniques (BET). In the present study, the application of MALDI MSP and MSI to blood marks has been investigated further. In particular, the MALDI based detection and visualisation of blood has been explored in tandem with DNA typing. This investigation has been undertaken in a scenario simulating blood fingermarks on painted walls. In the present study, two sets of marks were analysed with each set comprising of a depletion series of four marks deposited on a surface treated to simulate painted walls: Set I - developed with Ninhydrin (NIN) and Set II- developed with Acid Black-1 (AB-1). For both sets, the application of MALDI MSP was successful in detecting haem and human specific haemoglobin peptide markers. MALDI MSI also provided molecular images by visualising haem on the ridge pattern enhanced by BET. The feasibility of successful and subsequent DNA profiling from the recovered fingermarks was also assessed for marks that had undergone enzymatic in situ digestion and MALDI MSI; it was observed that in 73% of the samples analysed, a DNA profile suitable for comparison was obtained. Based on these results, a possible operational workflow has been proposed incorporating the use of a MALDI MS based approach as a confirmatory test for human blood enabling subsequent DNA typing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Kennedy
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Ravell Bengiat
- Latent Fingerprint Laboratory, Division of Identification and Forensic Science (DIFS), Israel Police, National H.Q., Jerusalem 9780204, Israel
| | - Cameron Heaton
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Yael Herman
- Biology & DNA Laboratory, Division of Identification and Forensic Science (DIFS), Israel Police, National H.Q., Jerusalem 9780204, Israel
| | - Carla Oz
- Biology & DNA Laboratory, Division of Identification and Forensic Science (DIFS), Israel Police, National H.Q., Jerusalem 9780204, Israel
| | - Michal Levin Elad
- Latent Fingerprint Laboratory, Division of Identification and Forensic Science (DIFS), Israel Police, National H.Q., Jerusalem 9780204, Israel
| | - Laura Cole
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK
| | - Simona Francese
- Biomolecular Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield S1 1WB, UK.
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15
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Bradshaw R, Wilson G, Denison N, Francese S. Application of MALDI MS imaging after sequential processing of latent fingermarks. Forensic Sci Int 2020; 319:110643. [PMID: 33321384 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Latent fingermarks are routinely visualised by subjecting them to one or more CSI/crime lab processes to maximise the recovery of ridge flow and minutiae permitting an identification. In the last decade mass spectrometric imaging (MSI) techniques have been applied to fingermarks to provide information about a suspect and/or on the circumstances of the crime as well as yielding additional images of the ridge pattern. In some cases, these techniques have shown the ability to provide further ridge detail, "filling in the gaps" of the developed mark. Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry Imaging (MALDI MSI) is presently the most advanced of the so-called 'surface analysis' techniques, in terms of compatibility with a number of fingermark enhancement processes and implementation in operational casework. However, for the use of this technique in major crimes to become widespread, compatibility with sequential processing must be demonstrated. This short study has assessed compatibility with a number fingermark processing sequences applied to natural marks on the adhesive side of brown (parcel) and clear tapes. Within the study undertaken, the results confirm the possibility to use MALDI MSI in sequence with multiple processes offering in some instances, complementary ridge detail with respect to that recovered from marks developed by conventional sequence processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bradshaw
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield, UK
| | - G Wilson
- Accreditation & Standards, Yorkshire & Humber Regional Scientific Support Services, UK
| | - N Denison
- Identification Services Yorkshire and the Humber Region, West Yorkshire Police, UK
| | - S Francese
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield, UK.
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Kennedy K, Heaton C, Langenburg G, Cole L, Clark T, Clench MR, Sears V, Sealey M, McColm R, Francese S. Pre-validation of a MALDI MS proteomics-based method for the reliable detection of blood and blood provenance. Sci Rep 2020; 10:17087. [PMID: 33051553 PMCID: PMC7555906 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-74253-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The reliable identification of blood, as well as the determination of its origin (human or animal) is of great importance in a forensic investigation. Whilst presumptive tests are rapid and deployed in situ, their very nature requires confirmatory tests to be performed remotely. However, only serological tests can determine blood provenance. The present study improves on a previously devised Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (MALDI MS)—proteomics based method for the reliable detection of blood by enabling the determination of blood provenance. The overall protocol was developed to be more specific than presumptive tests and faster/easier than the gold standard liquid chromatography (LC) MS/MS analysis. This is considered a pre-validation study that has investigated stains and fingermarks made in blood, other biofluids and substances that can elicit a false-positive response to colorimetric or presumptive tests, in a blind fashion. Stains and marks were either untreated or enhanced with a range of presumptive tests. Human and animal blood were correctly discriminated from other biofluids and non-biofluid related matrices; animal species determination was also possible within the system investigated. The procedure is compatible with the prior application of presumptive tests. The refined strategy resulting from iterative improvements through a trial and error study of 56 samples was applied to a final set of 13 blind samples. This final study yielded 12/13 correct identifications with the 13th sample being correctly identified as animal blood but with no species attribution. This body of work will contribute towards the validation of MALDI MS based methods and deployment in violent crimes involving bloodshed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Kennedy
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Cameron Heaton
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Laura Cole
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Tom Clark
- Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Malcolm R Clench
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - Vaughn Sears
- Former Centre for Applied Science and Technology (CAST), Home Office, St Albans, UK
| | - Mark Sealey
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratories (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Richard McColm
- Defence Science and Technology Laboratories (DSTL), Porton Down, Salisbury, UK
| | - Simona Francese
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
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17
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Yeh K, Burr WS, Stock NL, Stotesbury T. Preliminary analysis of latent fingerprints recovered from underneath bloodstains using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI FT-ICR MSI). Forensic Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.forc.2020.100274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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18
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González M, Gorziza RP, de Cássia Mariotti K, Pereira Limberger R. Methodologies Applied to Fingerprint Analysis. J Forensic Sci 2020; 65:1040-1048. [PMID: 32176818 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review deals with the last 10 years of research in analytical methodologies for the analysis of fingerprints, regarding their chemical and biological constituents. A total of 123 manuscripts, which fit the search criteria defined using the descriptor "latent fingermarks analysis," were selected. Its main instrumental areas (mass spectrometry, spectroscopy, and innovative methods) were analyzed and summarized in a specific table, highlighting its main analytical parameters. The results show that most studies in this field use mass spectrometry to identify the constituents of fingerprints, both to determine the chemical profile and for aging. There is also a marked use of mass spectrometry coupled with chromatographic methods, and it provides accurate results for a fatty acid profile. Additional significant results are achieved by spectroscopic methods, mainly Raman and infrared. It is noteworthy that spectroscopic methods using microscopy assist in the accuracy of the analyzed region of the fingerprint, contributing to more robust results. There was also a significant increase in studies using methods focused on finding new developers or identifying components present in fingerprints by rapid tests. This systematic review of analytical techniques applied to the detection of fingerprints explores different approaches to contribute to future studies in forensic identification, verifying new demands in the forensic sciences and assisting in the selection of studies for the progress of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina González
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Roberta Petry Gorziza
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Kristiane de Cássia Mariotti
- Identification Group, Brazilian Federal Police, Porto Alegre, 90610-093, RS, Brazil.,National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology - INCT FORENSE, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
| | - Renata Pereira Limberger
- Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil.,National Institute of Forensic Science and Technology - INCT FORENSE, 2752 Ipiranga Ave, Lab 605A - Santana, Porto Alegre, 90610-000, RS, Brazil
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19
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Föll MC, Moritz L, Wollmann T, Stillger MN, Vockert N, Werner M, Bronsert P, Rohr K, Grüning BA, Schilling O. Accessible and reproducible mass spectrometry imaging data analysis in Galaxy. Gigascience 2019; 8:giz143. [PMID: 31816088 PMCID: PMC6901077 DOI: 10.1093/gigascience/giz143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mass spectrometry imaging is increasingly used in biological and translational research because it has the ability to determine the spatial distribution of hundreds of analytes in a sample. Being at the interface of proteomics/metabolomics and imaging, the acquired datasets are large and complex and often analyzed with proprietary software or in-house scripts, which hinders reproducibility. Open source software solutions that enable reproducible data analysis often require programming skills and are therefore not accessible to many mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) researchers. FINDINGS We have integrated 18 dedicated mass spectrometry imaging tools into the Galaxy framework to allow accessible, reproducible, and transparent data analysis. Our tools are based on Cardinal, MALDIquant, and scikit-image and enable all major MSI analysis steps such as quality control, visualization, preprocessing, statistical analysis, and image co-registration. Furthermore, we created hands-on training material for use cases in proteomics and metabolomics. To demonstrate the utility of our tools, we re-analyzed a publicly available N-linked glycan imaging dataset. By providing the entire analysis history online, we highlight how the Galaxy framework fosters transparent and reproducible research. CONCLUSION The Galaxy framework has emerged as a powerful analysis platform for the analysis of MSI data with ease of use and access, together with high levels of reproducibility and transparency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie Christine Föll
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Lennart Moritz
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wollmann
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maren Nicole Stillger
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Schänzlestraße 1, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 17, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Niklas Vockert
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin Werner
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 153, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bronsert
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 153, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- Tumorbank Comprehensive Cancer Center Freiburg, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karl Rohr
- Biomedical Computer Vision Group, BioQuant, IPMB, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Björn Andreas Grüning
- Department of Computer Science, University of Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 106, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Oliver Schilling
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 115a, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine - University of Freiburg, Breisacher Straße 153, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Hugstetter Straße 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany
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20
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Sterling S, Mason KE, Anex DS, Parker GJ, Hart B, Prinz M. Combined
DNA
Typing and Protein Identification from Unfired Brass Cartridges,,,. J Forensic Sci 2019; 64:1475-1481. [DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katelyn E. Mason
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue Livermore CA 94550
| | - Deon S. Anex
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue Livermore CA 94550
| | | | - Bradley Hart
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue Livermore CA 94550
| | - Mechthild Prinz
- John Jay College of Criminal Justice 524 W. 59th St. New York NY 10019
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21
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Francese S. Criminal profiling through MALDI MS based technologies – breaking barriers towards border-free forensic science. AUST J FORENSIC SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00450618.2018.1561949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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22
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Cole LM, Clench MR, Francese S. Sample Treatment for Tissue Proteomics in Cancer, Toxicology, and Forensics. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1073:77-123. [PMID: 31236840 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-12298-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Since the birth of proteomics science in the 1990, the number of applications and of sample preparation methods has grown exponentially, making a huge contribution to the knowledge in life science disciplines. Continuous improvements in the sample treatment strategies unlock and reveal the fine details of disease mechanisms, drug potency, and toxicity as well as enable new disciplines to be investigated such as forensic science.This chapter will cover the most recent developments in sample preparation strategies for tissue proteomics in three areas, namely, cancer, toxicology, and forensics, thus also demonstrating breath of application within the domain of health and well-being, pharmaceuticals, and secure societies.In particular, in the area of cancer (human tumor biomarkers), the most efficient and multi-informative proteomic strategies will be covered in relation to the subsequent application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) and liquid extraction surface analysis (LESA), due to their ability to provide molecular localization of tumor biomarkers albeit with different spatial resolution.With respect to toxicology, methodologies applied in toxicoproteomics will be illustrated with examples from its use in two important areas: the study of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) and studies of effects of chemical and environmental insults on skin, i.e., the effects of irritants, sensitizers, and ionizing radiation. Within this chapter, mainly tissue proteomics sample preparation methods for LC-MS/MS analysis will be discussed as (i) the use of LC-MS/MS is majorly represented in the research efforts of the bioanalytical community in this area and (ii) LC-MS/MS still is the gold standard for quantification studies.Finally, the use of proteomics will also be discussed in forensic science with respect to the information that can be recovered from blood and fingerprint evidence which are commonly encountered at the scene of the crime. The application of proteomic strategies for the analysis of blood and fingerprints is novel and proteomic preparation methods will be reported in relation to the subsequent use of mass spectrometry without any hyphenation. While generally yielding more information, hyphenated methods are often more laborious and time-consuming; since forensic investigations need quick turnaround, without compromising validity of the information, the prospect to develop methods for the application of quick forensic mass spectrometry techniques such as MALDI-MS (in imaging or profiling mode) is of great interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Cole
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - M R Clench
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - S Francese
- Biomolecular Science Research Centre, Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK.
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23
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J. Bailey M, Costa C. Mass Spectrometry Methods for the Recovery of Forensic Intelligence from Fingermarks. EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE ANALYSIS OF FORENSIC TRACES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-20542-3_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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24
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Deininger L, Francese S, Clench M, Langenburg G, Sears V, Sammon C. Investigation of infinite focus microscopy for the determination of the association of blood with fingermarks. Sci Justice 2018; 58:397-404. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scijus.2018.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 07/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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The analysis of latent fingermarks on polymer banknotes using MALDI-MS. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8765. [PMID: 29884869 PMCID: PMC5993810 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27004-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In September 2016, the UK adopted a new Bank of England (BoE) £5 polymer banknote, followed by the £10 polymer banknote in September 2017. They are designed to be cleaner, stronger and have increased counterfeit resilience; however, fingermark development can be problematic from the polymer material as various security features and coloured/textured areas have been found to alter the effectiveness of conventional fingermark enhancement techniques (FETs). As fingermarks are one of the most widely used forms of identification in forensic cases, it is important that maximum ridge detail be obtained in order to allow for comparison. This research explores the use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) profiling and imaging for the analysis of fingermarks deposited on polymer banknotes. The proposed methodology was able to obtain both physical and chemical information from fingermarks deposited in a range of scenarios including; different note areas, depletion series, aged samples and following conventional FETs. The analysis of forensically important molecular targets within these fingermarks was also explored, focussing specifically on cocaine. The ability of MALDI-MS to provide ridge detail and chemical information highlights the forensic applicability of this technique and potential for the analysis of fingermarks deposited onto this problematic surface.
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26
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Lauzon N, Chaurand P. Detection of exogenous substances in latent fingermarks by silver-assisted LDI imaging MS: perspectives in forensic sciences. Analyst 2018; 143:3586-3594. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00688a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
For over one hundred years, the fingerprint has reigned as one of the most trusted pieces of forensic evidence for suspect identification. Today, modern imaging mass spectrometry technology allows to correlate molecular information to the fingerprint giving us valuable insights into a suspect lifestyle and behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Lauzon
- University of Montreal
- Department of Chemistry
- Canada
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27
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Kamanna S, Henry J, Voelcker N, Linacre A, Kirkbride KP. "Bottom-up" in situ proteomic differentiation of human and non-human haemoglobins for forensic purposes by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2017; 31:1927-1937. [PMID: 28884851 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2017] [Revised: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The detection and identification of human blood on crime-related items are of particular relevance to many investigations because shed blood can provide evidence of violent contact between individuals. However, for any detection and identification technique, specificity is a critical performance characteristic to assess; that is, whether the technique has the capability to differentiate between human blood (which usually is of relevance to a criminal investigation) and non-human blood (which usually would not be associated with a crime but may be detected incidentally). METHODS Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) approaches using "top-down" (detection of intact proteins) and "bottom-up" (detection of tryptic peptide markers) were used to detect and identify haemoglobin in blood from humans and from a range of Australian native mammals; the technique could be carried out directly on blood stains without the need to extract proteins (i.e., in situ measurement). Imaging of haemoglobin was achieved in bloodied fingermarks, including those that had been enhanced using two "industry standard" fingermark enhancement processes. RESULTS Differentiation of intact haemoglobin proteins in human and non-human blood using "top-down" MALDI-TOF-MS was difficult. However, in situ "bottom-up" approaches using tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) and de novo sequencing of tryptic digest peptides allowed unambiguous differentiation. Imaging mass spectrometry of human haemoglobin, even when it was mixed with animal blood, was achieved in bloodied fingermarks that had been enhanced using two common processes (staining with Amido Black or dusted with magnetic powder) and "lifted" using adhesive tape. CONCLUSIONS The MALDI-TOF-MS-based in situ "bottom-up" proteomic methodology described here shows great promise for the detection of human blood and even imaging of blood in bloodied fingermarks. The approach is sensitive, can differentiate between human blood and that from many animals (including several Australian native animals), and can be implemented after traditional crime scene fingermark enhancement techniques have been carried out.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kamanna
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - J Henry
- Forensic Sciences SA, GPO Box 2790, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - N Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parlville, Melbourne, Victoria, 3052, Australia
| | - A Linacre
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
| | - K P Kirkbride
- College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Adelaide, South Australia, 5001, Australia
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28
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Lauzon N, Dufresne M, Beaudoin A, Chaurand P. Forensic analysis of latent fingermarks by silver-assisted LDI imaging MS on nonconductive surfaces. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2017; 52:397-404. [PMID: 28444846 DOI: 10.1002/jms.3938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/18/2017] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Silver-assisted laser desorption ionization (AgLDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) has been demonstrated to be a useful technology for fingermark analysis allowing for the detection of several classes of endogenous as well as exogenous compounds. Ideally, in IMS analyses, the fingermarks are deposited under controlled conditions on metallized conductive target slides. However, in forensic investigations, fingermarks are often found on a variety of nonconductive surfaces. A sputtered silver layer renders the target surface conductive, which allows the analyses of insulating surfaces by time-of-flight IMS. Ultimately, the major consideration when developing analytical methods for the analysis of latent fingermarks is their capability to be incorporated within forensic standard operational procedures. To demonstrate the potential of AgLDI IMS for forensic applications, fingermarks deposited on nonconductive surfaces commonly found during an investigation, including paper, cardboard, plastic bags and lifting tape, were first revealed by the Sûreté du Québec by using forensic enhancement techniques prior to the IMS analyses. Numerous endogenous compounds including fatty acids, cholesterol, squalene, wax esters, triglycerides and several exogenous substances were detected and imaged. Here, we show that silver sputtering can provide visual enhancements of fingerprint patterns after FET procedures through different scenarios in which AgLDI IMS can contribute to forensic investigations. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Lauzon
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - M Dufresne
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - A Beaudoin
- Forensic sciences department, La Sûreté du Québec, 1701 Rue Parthenais, Montreal, QC, H2K 3S7, Canada
- Department Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physics, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 3351 Boulevard des Forges, Trois-Rivières, QC, G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - P Chaurand
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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29
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Bradshaw R. MALDI Mass Spectrometry Profiling and Imaging Applied to the Analysis of Latent Fingermarks. Methods Mol Biol 2017; 1618:149-163. [PMID: 28523506 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7051-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Latent fingermarks are derived from a transfer of material from the fingertips to a surface upon contact. Traditionally, fingermarks are employed for biometric identification of individuals based on matching of the pattern of the ridges. However, in recent years, there has been a stark increase in the use of advanced analytical techniques in order to obtain additional information, specifically the chemical composition of the residue. Understanding the complexity of the endogenous and exogenous content of fingermarks could be extremely useful in allowing further development of enhancement techniques currently used in forensic scenarios by identifying potential target molecules. This chemical information could also potentially provide invaluable information on the lifestyle of an individual, including their activities prior to depositing a mark.An analytical tool that has gained notable popularity in this novel area of research is matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry (MALDI MS). This technique can either be employed for rapid chemical profiling or imaging of fingermarks to detect chemical species contained within the residue, with the latter also allowing for physical reconstruction of the fingermark ridges.This chapter will provide an overview of the protocols employed to allow for both MALDI MS profiling and imaging analysis of latent fingermarks, specifically covering the types of fingermarks employed and techniques used to deposit matrices onto samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bradshaw
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging, Biomolecular Sciences Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, City Campus, Howard St., Sheffield, S1 1WB, UK.
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30
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Francese S, Bradshaw R, Denison N. An update on MALDI mass spectrometry based technology for the analysis of fingermarks – stepping into operational deployment. Analyst 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00569e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Expanded range of retrievable intelligence from fingermarksviaMALDI MS based methods and increased operational capabilities of the technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Francese
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging
- Biomolecular Research Centre
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - R. Bradshaw
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging
- Biomolecular Research Centre
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - N. Denison
- Identification Services Yorkshire and the Humber Region
- Wakefield
- UK WF27UA
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31
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Deininger L, Patel E, Clench MR, Sears V, Sammon C, Francese S. Proteomics goes forensic: Detection and mapping of blood signatures in fingermarks. Proteomics 2016; 16:1707-17. [DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201500544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Deininger
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging; Biomolecular Research Centre; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield UK
| | - Ekta Patel
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging; Biomolecular Research Centre; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield UK
| | - Malcolm R. Clench
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging; Biomolecular Research Centre; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield UK
| | - Vaughn Sears
- Centre for Applied Science and Technology; Home Office; St Albans UK
| | - Chris Sammon
- Materials and Engineering Research Institute; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield UK
| | - Simona Francese
- Centre for Mass Spectrometry Imaging; Biomolecular Research Centre; Sheffield Hallam University; Sheffield UK
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32
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Hemozoin is a product of heme detoxification in the gut of the most medically important species of the family Opisthorchiidae. Int J Parasitol 2016; 46:147-156. [PMID: 26812025 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Many species of trematodes such as Schistosoma spp., Fasciola hepatica and Echinostoma trivolvis are blood-feeding parasites. Nevertheless, there is no consensus on the feeding habits of the family Opisthorchiidae (Opisthorchis felineus, Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis). Previously, histological studies of O. felineus and C. sinensis revealed some dark stained material in their gut lumen. In this study we conducted a comprehensive analysis of the gut contents of three members of the family Opisthorchiidae (O. felineus, O. viverrini and C. sinensis). Using transmission electron microscopy, we demonstrated for the first known time the presence of disintegrating blood cells in the gut of O. felineus as well as electron-dense crystals in the gut of O. felineus and C. sinensis. Electron energy loss spectroscopy revealed iron atoms in these crystals, and mass spectrometry of the purified pigment demonstrated the presence of heme. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy identified the signature peaks of the common iron-carboxylate bond characteristic in crystals isolated from O. felineus and C. sinensis. Scanning electron microscopy showed layered ovoid crystals of various sizes from 50 nm to 2 μm. Morphological, chemical and paramagnetic properties of these crystals were similar to those of hemozoin from Schistosoma mansoni. Crystal formation occurs on the surface of lipid droplets in O. felineus and C. sinensis guts. Our results suggest that the diet of O. felineus and C. sinensis includes blood. Detoxification of the free heme produced during the digestion proceeds via formation of insoluble crystals that contain iron and heme dimers, i.e. crystals of hemozoin. Furthermore, we believe that biocrystallisation of hemozoin takes place on the surface of the lipid droplets, similar to S. mansoni. Hemozoin was not detected in the closely related species O. viverrini.
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Patel E, Cicatiello P, Deininger L, Clench MR, Marino G, Giardina P, Langenburg G, West A, Marshall P, Sears V, Francese S. A proteomic approach for the rapid, multi-informative and reliable identification of blood. Analyst 2016; 141:191-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an02016f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Blood evidence is frequently encountered at the scene of violent crimes and can provide valuable intelligence in the forensic investigation of serious offences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Patel
- Biomolecular Research Centre
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - P. Cicatiello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Universita’ di Napoli Federico II
- via Cinthia I-80126 Naples
- Italy
| | - L. Deininger
- Biomolecular Research Centre
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - M. R. Clench
- Biomolecular Research Centre
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield
- UK
| | - G. Marino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Universita’ di Napoli Federico II
- via Cinthia I-80126 Naples
- Italy
| | - P. Giardina
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche
- Universita’ di Napoli Federico II
- via Cinthia I-80126 Naples
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - V. Sears
- Centre for Applied Science and Technology
- St Albans
- UK
| | - S. Francese
- Biomolecular Research Centre
- Sheffield Hallam University
- Sheffield
- UK
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34
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Comi TJ, Ryu SW, Perry RH. Synchronized Desorption Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry Imaging. Anal Chem 2015; 88:1169-75. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Troy J. Comi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Seung Woo Ryu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Richard H. Perry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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Groeneveld G, de Puit M, Bleay S, Bradshaw R, Francese S. Detection and mapping of illicit drugs and their metabolites in fingermarks by MALDI MS and compatibility with forensic techniques. Sci Rep 2015; 5:11716. [PMID: 26118853 PMCID: PMC4484357 DOI: 10.1038/srep11716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the proven capabilities of Matrix Assisted Laser Desorption Ionisation Mass Spectrometry (MALDI MS) in laboratory settings, research is still needed to integrate this technique into current forensic fingerprinting practice. Optimised protocols enabling the compatible application of MALDI to developed fingermarks will allow additional intelligence to be gathered around a suspect’s lifestyle and activities prior to the deposition of their fingermarks while committing a crime. The detection and mapping of illicit drugs and metabolites in latent fingermarks would provide intelligence that is beneficial for both police investigations and court cases. This study investigated MALDI MS detection and mapping capabilities for a large range of drugs of abuse and their metabolites in fingermarks; the detection and mapping of a mixture of these drugs in marks, with and without prior development with cyanoacrylate fuming or Vacuum Metal Deposition, was also examined. Our findings indicate the versatility of MALDI technology and its ability to retrieve chemical intelligence either by detecting the compounds investigated or by using their ion signals to reconstruct 2D maps of fingermark ridge details.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Groeneveld
- 1] Department of Fingerprint Research, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands [2] Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - M de Puit
- 1] Department of Fingerprint Research, Netherlands Forensic Institute, The Hague, Netherlands [2] Technische Natuur Wetenschappen, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - S Bleay
- Centre for Applied Science and Technology, Home Office, Sandridge, UK
| | - R Bradshaw
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
| | - S Francese
- Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Hallam University, Sheffield, UK
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36
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Lauzon N, Dufresne M, Chauhan V, Chaurand P. Development of laser desorption imaging mass spectrometry methods to investigate the molecular composition of latent fingermarks. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:878-886. [PMID: 25846823 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1123-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
For a century, fingermark analysis has been one of the most important and common methods in forensic investigations. Modern chemical analysis technologies have added the potential to determine the molecular composition of fingermarks and possibly identify chemicals a suspect may have come into contact with. Improvements in analytical detection of the molecular composition of fingermarks is therefore of great importance. In this regard, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) and laser desorption ionization (LDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) have proven to be useful technologies for fingermark analysis. In these analyses, the choice of ionizing agent and its mode of deposition are critical steps for the identification of molecular markers. Here we propose two novel and complementary IMS approaches for endogenous and exogenous substance detection in fingermarks: sublimation of 2-mercaptobenzothiazol (2-MBT) matrix and silver sputtering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidia Lauzon
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec, H3C 3J7, Canada
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